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Saha RK. Predicting optoacoustic spectral behaviour of human erythrocytes, stomatocytes and echinocytes using a modified Green's function method. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2022; 51:67-76. [PMID: 35059800 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-021-01579-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Optoacoustic (OA) spectral properties of various sources mimicking normal and pathological red blood cells (RBCs) have been studied. The shapes of normal RBC and cells suffering from stomatocytosis (denoted by ST) were generated using mathematical models. However, the shape corresponding to the cells affected by echinocytosis (referred to as ET) was constructed by uniformly distributing half prolate spheroids on a central spherical object. The OA field emitted by an acoustically inhomogeneous source was calculated for a wide acoustic frequency bandwidth (1-1500 MHz with an increment 5 MHz) by solving the time-independent wave equation employing a modified Green's function approach. The OA spectra averaged over 200 orientations for normal RBC and STs demonstrate similar features (one minimum occurring nearly at 906 MHz). The same graphs for ETs are remarkably different from that of normal RBC and exhibit better match with that of a spherical RBC (first minimum appearing at around 425 MHz). The spectral features of ETs above 425 MHz may enable us to differentiate diseased cells (echinocytosis) from normal RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratan K Saha
- Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Jhalwa, Allahabad, 211015, India.
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2
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Wang S, Liu J, Lu JQ, Wang W, Al-Qaysi SA, Xu Y, Jiang W, Hu XH. Development and evaluation of realistic optical cell models for rapid and label-free cell assay by diffraction imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800287. [PMID: 30447049 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Methods for rapid and label-free cell assay are highly desired in life science. Single-shot diffraction imaging presents strong potentials to achieve this goal as evidenced by past experimental results using methods such as polarization diffraction imaging flow cytometry. We present here a platform of methods toward solving these problems and results of optical cell model (OCM) evaluations by calculations and analysis of cross-polarized diffraction image (p-DI) pairs. Four types of realistic OCMs have been developed with two prostate cell structures and adjustable refractive index (RI) parameters to investigate the effects of cell morphology and index distribution on calculated p-DI pairs. Image patterns have been characterized by a gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) algorithm and four GLCM parameters and linear depolarization ratio δL have been selected to compare calculated against measured data of prostate cells. Our results show that the irregular shapes of and heterogeneity in RI distributions for organelles play significant roles in the spatial distribution of scattered light by cells in comparison to the average RI values and their differences among the organelles. Discrepancies in GLCM and δL parameters between calculated and measured p-DI data provide useful insight for understanding light scattering by single cells and improving OCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Wang
- Institute for Advanced Optics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan, China
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Advanced Optics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan, China
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Q Lu
- Institute for Advanced Optics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Wenjin Wang
- Institute for Advanced Optics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Safaa A Al-Qaysi
- Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yaohui Xu
- Institute for Advanced Optics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan, China
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wenhuan Jiang
- Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Xin-Hua Hu
- Institute for Advanced Optics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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3
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Wang W, Liu J, Lu JQ, Ding J, Hu XH. Resolving power of diffraction imaging with an objective: a numerical study. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:9628-9633. [PMID: 28468345 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.009628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diffraction imaging in the far-field can detect 3D morphological features of an object for its coherent nature. We describe methods for accurate calculation and analysis of diffraction images of scatterers of single and double spheres by an imaging unit based on microscope objective at non-conjugate positions. A quantitative study of the calculated diffraction imaging in spectral domain has been performed to assess the resolving power of diffraction imaging. It has been shown numerically that with coherent illumination of 532 nm in wavelength the imaging unit can resolve single spheres of 2 μm or larger in diameters and double spheres separated by less than 300 nm between their centers.
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4
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Wan L, Ruane GJ, Swartzlander GA. Low-angle optical vortex coronagraphic scatterometer. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:4915-4918. [PMID: 27805649 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.004915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The important, but difficult-to-measure zero and low-angle scattering spectrum, as well as the broader angular spectrum, was obtained by use of an optical vortex coronagraphic scatterometer (patent pending). The experimental measurements agreed well with the predictions from the Mie scattering theory. High contrast discrimination allowed us to remove the unscattered coherent illumination, revealing a low-angle superimposed scattered signal.
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5
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Jiang W, Lu JQ, Yang LV, Sa Y, Feng Y, Ding J, Hu XH. Comparison study of distinguishing cancerous and normal prostate epithelial cells by confocal and polarization diffraction imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:71102. [PMID: 26616011 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.7.071102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Accurate classification of malignant cells from benign ones can significantly enhance cancer diagnosis and prognosis by detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). We have investigated two approaches of quantitative morphology and polarization diffraction imaging on two prostate cell types to evaluate their feasibility as single-cell assay methods toward CTC detection after cell enrichment. The two cell types have been measured by a confocal imaging method to obtain their three-dimensional morphology parameters and by a polarization diffraction imaging flow cytometry (p-DIFC) method to obtain image texture parameters. The support vector machine algorithm was applied to examine the accuracy of cell classification with the morphology and diffraction image parameters. Despite larger mean values of cell and nuclear sizes of the cancerous prostate cells than the normal ones, it has been shown that the morphologic parameters cannot serve as effective classifiers. In contrast, accurate classification of the two prostate cell types can be achieved with high classification accuracies on measured data acquired separately in three measurements. These results provide strong evidence that the p-DIFC method has the potential to yield morphology-related “fingerprints” for accurate and label-free classification of the two prostate cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhuan Jiang
- East Carolina University, Department of Physics, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, United States
| | - Jun Qing Lu
- East Carolina University, Department of Physics, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, United States
| | - Li V Yang
- East Carolina University, Department of Internal Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina 27834, United States
| | - Yu Sa
- Tianjin University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuanming Feng
- Tianjin University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Junhua Ding
- East Carolina University, Department of Computer Science, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, United States
| | - Xin-Hua Hu
- East Carolina University, Department of Physics, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, United States
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6
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Wang H, Feng Y, Sa Y, Ma Y, Lu JQ, Hu XH. Acquisition of cross-polarized diffraction images and study of blurring effect by one time-delay-integration camera. APPLIED OPTICS 2015; 54:5223-5228. [PMID: 26192687 DOI: 10.1364/ao.54.005223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Blurred diffraction images acquired from flowing particles affect the measurement of fringe patterns and subsequent analysis. An imaging unit with one time-delay-integration (TDI) camera has been developed to acquire two cross-polarized diffraction images. It was shown that selected elements of Mueller matrix of single scatters can be imaged with pixel matching precision in this configuration. With the TDI camera, the effect of blurring on imaging of scattered light propagating along the side directions was found to be much more significant for biological cells than microspheres. Despite blurring, classification of MCF-7 and K562 cells is feasible since the effect has similar influence on extracted image parameters. Furthermore, image blurring can be useful for analysis of the correlations among texture parameters for characterization of diffraction images from single cells. The results demonstrate that with one TDI camera the polarization diffraction imaging flow cytometry can be significantly improved and angular distribution of selected Mueller matrix elements can be accurately measured for rapid and morphology-based assay of particles and cells without fluorescent labeling.
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7
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Pan R, Feng Y, Sa Y, Lu JQ, Jacobs KM, Hu XH. Analysis of diffraction imaging in non-conjugate configurations. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:31568-31574. [PMID: 25607106 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.031568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Diffraction imaging of scattered light allows extraction of information on scatterer's morphology. We present a method for accurate simulation of diffraction imaging of single particles by combining rigorous light scattering model with ray-tracing software. The new method has been validated by comparison to measured images of single microspheres. Dependence of fringe patterns on translation of an objective based imager to off-focus positions has been analyzed to clearly understand diffraction imaging with multiple optical elements. The calculated and measured results establish unambiguously that diffraction imaging should be pursued in non-conjugate configurations to ensure accurate sampling of coherent light distribution from the scatterer.
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Feng Y, Zhang N, Jacobs KM, Jiang W, Yang LV, Li Z, Zhang J, Lu JQ, Hu XH. Polarization imaging and classification of Jurkat T and Ramos B cells using a flow cytometer. Cytometry A 2014; 85:817-26. [PMID: 25044756 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Label-free and rapid classification of cells can have awide range of applications in biology. We report a robust method of polarization diffraction imaging flow cytometry (p-DIFC) for achieving this goal. Coherently scattered light signals are acquired from single cells excited by a polarized laser beam in the form of two cross-polarized diffraction images. Image texture and intensity parameters are extracted with a gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) algorithm to obtain an optimized set of feature parameters as the morphological "fingerprints" for automated cell classification. We selected the Jurkat T cells and Ramos B cells to test the p-DIFC method's capacity for cell classification. After detailed statistical analysis, we found that the optimized feature vectors yield accuracies of classification between the Jurkat and Ramos ranging from 97.8% to 100% among different cell data sets. Confocal imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction were applied to gain insights on the ability of p-DIFC method for classifying the two cell lines of highly similar morphology. Based on these results we conclude that the p-DIFC method has the capacity to discriminate cells of high similarity in their morphology with "fingerprints" features extracted from the diffraction images, which may be attributed to subtle but statistically significant differences in the nucleus-to-cell volume ratio in the case of Jurkat and Ramos cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Feng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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9
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Yang X, Feng Y, Liu Y, Zhang N, Lin W, Sa Y, Hu XH. A quantitative method for measurement of HL-60 cell apoptosis based on diffraction imaging flow cytometry technique. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:2172-83. [PMID: 25071957 PMCID: PMC4102357 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.002172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative method for measurement of apoptosis in HL-60 cells based on polarization diffraction imaging flow cytometry technique is presented in this paper. Through comparative study with existing methods and the analysis of diffraction images by a gray level co-occurrence matrix algorithm (GLCM), we found 4 GLCM parameters of contrast (CON), cluster shade (CLS), correlation (COR) and dissimilarity (DIS) exhibit high sensitivities as the apoptotic rates. It was further demonstrated that the CLS parameter correlates significantly (R(2) = 0.899) with the degree of nuclear fragmentation and other three parameters showed a very good correlations (R(2) ranges from 0.69 to 0.90). These results demonstrated that the new method has the capability for rapid and accurate extraction of morphological features to quantify cellular apoptosis without the need for cell staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuanming Feng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wang Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yu Sa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xin-Hua Hu
- Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
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10
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Dannhauser D, Romeo G, Causa F, De Santo I, Netti PA. Multiplex single particle analysis in microfluidics. Analyst 2014; 139:5239-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an01033g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A method to combine precise particle alignment in-flow and light scattering profile characterization for micrometric sized particles is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Dannhauser
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT)
- 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB)
- Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”
| | - G. Romeo
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT)
- 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB)
- Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”
| | - F. Causa
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT)
- 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB)
- Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”
| | - I. De Santo
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT)
- 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB)
- Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”
| | - P. A. Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT)
- 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB)
- Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”
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11
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Zhang J, Feng Y, Moran MS, Lu JQ, Yang LV, Sa Y, Zhang N, Dong L, Hu XH. Analysis of cellular objects through diffraction images acquired by flow cytometry. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:24819-28. [PMID: 24150325 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.024819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
It was found that the diffraction images acquired along the side scattering directions with objects in a cell sample contain pattern variations at both the global and local scales. We show here that the global pattern variation is associated with the categorical size and morphological heterogeneity of the imaged objects. An automated image processing method has been developed to separate the acquired diffraction images into three types of global patterns. Combined with previously developed method for quantifying local texture pattern variations, the new method allows fully automated analysis of diffraction images for rapid and label-free classification of cells according to their 3D morphology.
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12
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Sa Y, Feng Y, Jacobs KM, Yang J, Pan R, Gkigkitzis I, Lu JQ, Hu XH. Study of low speed flow cytometry for diffraction imaging with different chamber and nozzle designs. Cytometry A 2013; 83:1027-33. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yuanming Feng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Department of Physics; East Carolina University; Greenville North Carolina 27858
| | - Kenneth M. Jacobs
- Department of Physics; East Carolina University; Greenville North Carolina 27858
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Ran Pan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Ioannis Gkigkitzis
- Department of Physics; East Carolina University; Greenville North Carolina 27858
| | - Jun Q. Lu
- Department of Physics; East Carolina University; Greenville North Carolina 27858
| | - Xin-Hua Hu
- Department of Physics; East Carolina University; Greenville North Carolina 27858
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
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Ruban GI, Berdnik VV, Marinitch DV, Goncharova NV, Loiko VA. Light scattering and morphology of the lymphocyte as applied to flow cytometry for distinguishing healthy and infected individuals. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2010; 15:057008. [PMID: 21054124 DOI: 10.1117/1.3503404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A simple optical model of single lymphocytes with smooth and nonsmooth surfaces has been developed for healthy and infected individuals. The model can be used for rapid (in the real-time scale) solution of the inverse light-scattering problem on the basis of optical data measured by label-free flow cytometry. Light scattering patterns have been calculated for the model developed. It has been shown that the smooth and nonsmooth cells can be resolved using the intensities of the sideward- and backward-scattered light. We have found by calculations and validated by the flow cytometer experiments that intensity distributions for the cells of lymphocyte populations can be used as a preliminary signatures of some virus infections. Potential biomedical applications of the findings for label-free flow cytometry detection of individuals infected with viruses of hepatitis B or C and some others viruses are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennady I Ruban
- National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Stepanov Institute of Physics, Nezavisimosti Avenue 68, 220072, Minsk, Belarus.
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14
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Strokotov DI, Yurkin MA, Gilev KV, van Bockstaele DR, Hoekstra AG, Rubtsov NB, Maltsev VP. Is there a difference between T- and B-lymphocyte morphology? JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2009; 14:064036. [PMID: 20059274 DOI: 10.1117/1.3275471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We characterize T- and B-lymphocytes from several donors, determining cell diameter, ratio of nucleus to cell diameter, and refractive index of the nucleus and cytoplasm for each individual cell. We measure light-scattering profiles with a scanning flow cytometer and invert the signals using a coated sphere as an optical model of the cell and by relying on a global optimization technique. The main difference in morphology of T- and B-lymphocytes is found to be the larger mean diameters of the latter. However, the difference is smaller than the natural biological variability of a single cell. We propose nuclear inhomogeneity as a possible reason for the deviation of measured light-scattering profiles from real lymphocytes from those obtained from the coated sphere model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry I Strokotov
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch RAS, Institutskaya 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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15
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Abstract
Diffraction images record angle-resolved distribution of scattered light from a particle excited by coherent light and can correlate highly with the 3D morphology of a particle. We present a jet-in-fluid design of flow chamber for acquisition of clear diffraction images in a laminar flow. Diffraction images of polystyrene spheres of different diameters were acquired and found to correlate highly with the calculated ones based on the Mie theory. Fast Fourier transform analysis indicated that the measured images can be used to extract sphere diameter values. These results demonstrate the significant potentials of high-throughput diffraction imaging flow cytometry for extracting 3D morphological features of cells.
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Kummrow A, Theisen J, Frankowski M, Tuchscheerer A, Yildirim H, Brattke K, Schmidt M, Neukammer J. Microfluidic structures for flow cytometric analysis of hydrodynamically focussed blood cells fabricated by ultraprecision micromachining. LAB ON A CHIP 2009; 9:972-81. [PMID: 19294310 DOI: 10.1039/b808336c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We present three-dimensional microfluidic structures with integrated optical fibers, mirrors and electrodes for flow cytometric analysis of blood cells. Ultraprecision milling technique was used to fabricate different flow cells featuring single-stage and two-stage cascaded hydrodynamic focusing of particles by a sheath flow. Two dimensional focussing of the sample fluid was proven by fluorescence imaging in horizontal and vertical directions and found to agree satisfactorily with finite element calculations. Focussing of the sample stream down to 5 microm at a particle velocity of 3 m s(-1) is accessible while maintaining stable operation for sample flow rates of up to 20 microL min(-1). In addition to fluorescence imaging, the micro-flow cells were characterised by measurements of pulse shapes and pulse height distributions of monodisperse microspheres. We demonstrated practical use of the microstructures for cell differentiation employing light scatter to distinguish platelets and red blood cells. Furthermore, T-helper lymphocytes labelled by monoclonal antibodies were identified by measuring side scatter and fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kummrow
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587, Berlin, Germany.
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17
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Ding H, Wang Z, Nguyen F, Boppart SA, Popescu G. Fourier transform light scattering of inhomogeneous and dynamic structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:238102. [PMID: 19113597 PMCID: PMC7935455 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.238102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Fourier transform light scattering (FTLS) is a novel experimental approach that combines optical microscopy, holography, and light scattering for studying inhomogeneous and dynamic media. In FTLS the optical phase and amplitude of a coherent image field are quantified and propagated numerically to the scattering plane. Because it detects all the scattered angles (spatial frequencies) simultaneously in each point of the image, FTLS can be regarded as the spatial equivalent of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, where all the temporal frequencies are detected at each moment in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafeng Ding
- Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science & Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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18
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Su XT, Singh K, Capjack C, Petrácek J, Backhouse C, Rozmus W. Measurements of light scattering in an integrated microfluidic waveguide cytometer. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2008; 13:024024. [PMID: 18465987 DOI: 10.1117/1.2909670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
An integrated microfluidic planar optical waveguide system for measuring light scattered from a single scatterer is described. This system is used to obtain 2D side-scatter patterns from single polystyrene microbeads in a fluidic flow. Vertical fringes in the 2D scatter patterns are used to infer the location of the 90-deg scatter (polar angle). The 2D scatter patterns are shown to be symmetrical about the azimuth angle at 90 deg. Wide-angle comparisons between the experimental scatter patterns and Mie theory simulations are shown to be in good agreement. A method based on the Fourier transform analysis of the experimental and Mie simulation scatter patterns is developed for size differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Tao Su
- University of Alberta, Department of Physics, Edmonton, T6G 2G7, Canada
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19
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Ruban GI, Kosmacheva SM, Goncharova NV, Van Bockstaele D, Loiko VA. Investigation of morphometric parameters for granulocytes and lymphocytes as applied to a solution of direct and inverse light-scattering problems. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2007; 12:044017. [PMID: 17867821 DOI: 10.1117/1.2753466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative data on cell structure, shape, and size distribution are obtained by optical measurement of normal peripheral blood granulocytes and lymphocytes in a cell suspension. The cell nuclei are measured in situ. The distribution laws of the cell and nuclei sizes are estimated. The data gained are synthesized to construct morphometric models of a segmented neutrophilic granulocyte and a lymphocyte. Models of interrelation between the cell and nucleus metric characteristics for granulocyte and lymphocyte are obtained. The discovered interrelation decreases the amount of cell-nucleus size combinations that have to be considered under simulation of cell scattering patterns. It allows faster analysis of light scattering to discriminate cells in a real-time scale. Our morphometric data meet the requirements of scanning flow cytometry dealing with the high rate analysis of cells in suspension. Our findings can be used as input parameters for the solution of the direct and inverse light-scattering problems in scanning flow cytometry, dispensing with a costly and time-consuming immunophenotyping of the cells, as well as in turbidimetry and nephelometry. The cell models developed can ensure better interpretations of scattering patterns for an improvement of discriminating capabilities of immunophenotyping-free scanning flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennady I Ruban
- National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Stepanov Institute of Physics, Nezavisimosti Avenue 68, Minsk 220072, Belarus.
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