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Kumar M, Murata T, Matoba O. Live Cell Imaging by Single-Shot Common-Path Wide Field-of-View Reflective Digital Holographic Microscope. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:720. [PMID: 38339437 PMCID: PMC10857047 DOI: 10.3390/s24030720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Quantitative phase imaging by digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is a nondestructive and label-free technique that has been playing an indispensable role in the fields of science, technology, and biomedical imaging. The technique is competent in imaging and analyzing label-free living cells and investigating reflective surfaces. Herein, we introduce a new configuration of a wide field-of-view single-shot common-path off-axis reflective DHM for the quantitative phase imaging of biological cells that leverages several advantages, including being less-vibration sensitive to external perturbations due to its common-path configuration, also being compact in size, simple in optical design, highly stable, and cost-effective. A detailed description of the proposed DHM system, including its optical design, working principle, and capability for phase imaging, is presented. The applications of the proposed system are demonstrated through quantitative phase imaging results obtained from the reflective surface (USAF resolution test target) as well as transparent samples (living plant cells). The proposed system could find its applications in the investigation of several biological specimens and the optical metrology of micro-surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Systems Science, Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Center of Optical Scattering Image Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Murata
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi 243-0292, Japan
| | - Osamu Matoba
- Department of Systems Science, Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Center of Optical Scattering Image Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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2
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Schnitzler L, Zarzycki J, Gerhard M, Konde S, Rexer KH, Erb TJ, Maier UG, Koch M, Hofmann MR, Moog D. Lensless digital holographic microscopy as an efficient method to monitor enzymatic plastic degradation. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 163:111950. [PMID: 33444995 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A big challenge of the 21st century is to cope with the huge amounts of plastic waste on Earth. Especially the oceans are heavily polluted with plastics. To counteract this issue, biological (enzymatic) plastic decomposition is increasingly gaining attention. Recently it was shown that polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be degraded in a saltwater-based environment using bacterial PETase produced by a marine diatom. At moderate temperatures, plastic biodegradation is slow and requires sensitive methods for detection, at least at initial stages. However, conventional methods for verifying the plastic degradation are either complex, expensive, time-consuming or they interfere with the degradation process. Here, we adapt lensless digital holographic microscopy (LDHM) as a new application for efficiently monitoring enzymatic degradation of a PET glycol copolymer (PETG). LDHM is a cost-effective, compact and sensitive optical method. We demonstrate enzymatic PETG degradation over a time course of 43 days employing numerical analysis of LDHM images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Schnitzler
- Photonics and Terahertz Technology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan Zarzycki
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 10, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Marina Gerhard
- Department of Physics and Material Sciences Center, University of Marburg, Renthof 5, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Srumika Konde
- Department of Physics and Material Sciences Center, University of Marburg, Renthof 5, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Rexer
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology of Plants, University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Tobias J Erb
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 10, 35043 Marburg, Germany; SYNMIKRO Research Center, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Uwe G Maier
- SYNMIKRO Research Center, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, 35043 Marburg, Germany; Laboratory for Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Martin Koch
- Department of Physics and Material Sciences Center, University of Marburg, Renthof 5, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Martin R Hofmann
- Photonics and Terahertz Technology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Daniel Moog
- SYNMIKRO Research Center, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, 35043 Marburg, Germany; Laboratory for Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
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3
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Besaga VR, Saetchnikov AV, Gerhardt NC, Ostendorf A, Hofmann MR. Monitoring of photochemically induced changes in phase-modulating samples with digital holographic microscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:G41-G47. [PMID: 31873483 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.000g41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper analyzes the performance of single-shot digital holographic microscopy for rapid characterization of static step-index structures in transparent polymer materials and for online monitoring of the photoinduced polymerization dynamics. The experiments are performed with a modified Mach-Zehnder transmission digital holographic microscope of high stability (phase accuracy of 0.69°) and of high magnification (of ≈90×). Use of near-infrared illumination allows both nondestructive examination of the manufactured samples and monitoring of optically induced processes in a photosensitive material concurrently with its excitation. The accuracy of the method for a precise sample's topography evaluation is studied on an example of microchannel sets fabricated via two-photon polymerization and is supported by reference measurements with an atomic force microscope. The applicability of the approach for dynamic measurements is proved via online monitoring of the refractive index evolution in a photoresin layer illuminated with a focused laser beam at 405 nm. High correlation between the experimental results and a kinetics model for the photopolymerization process is achieved.
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4
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Purandare S, Zhu J, Zhou R, Popescu G, Schwing A, Goddard LL. Optical inspection of nanoscale structures using a novel machine learning based synthetic image generation algorithm. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:17743-17762. [PMID: 31252730 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.017743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a novel interpretable machine learning technique that uses unique physical insights about noisy optical images and a few training samples to classify nanoscale defects in noisy optical images of a semiconductor wafer. Using this technique, we not only detected both parallel bridge defects and previously undetectable perpendicular bridge defects in a 9-nm node wafer using visible light microscopy [Proc. SPIE9424, 942416 (2015)], but we also accurately classified their shapes and estimated their sizes. Detection and classification of nanoscale defects in optical images is a challenging task. The quality of images is affected by diffraction and noise. Machine learning techniques can reduce noise and recognize patterns using a large training set. However, for detecting a rare "killer" defect, acquisition of a sufficient training set of high quality experimental images can be prohibitively expensive. In addition, there are technical challenges involved in using electromagnetic simulations and optimization of the machine learning algorithm. This paper proposes solutions to address each of the aforementioned challenges.
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5
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Abstract
Rapid, accurate, and nondestructive mapping of material properties is of great interest in many fields, with applications ranging from detection of defects or other subsurface features in semiconductors to estimating temperature rise in various tissue layers during laser therapy. We demonstrate the speed and precision of two interferometric techniques, quantitative phase imaging and phase-resolved optical coherence tomography, in recording optical phase changes induced by energy deposition in various materials. Such phase perturbations can be used to infer sample properties, ranging from absorption and temperature maps to distribution of electric field or resistivity. We derive the theoretical sensitivity limits of such techniques and demonstrate their applicability to the mapping of absorption coefficients, temperature, and electric fields in synthetic and biological samples. Optical phase changes induced by transient perturbations provide a sensitive measure of material properties. We demonstrate the high sensitivity and speed of such methods, using two interferometric techniques: quantitative phase imaging (QPI) in transmission and phase-resolved optical coherence tomography (OCT) in reflection. Shot-noise–limited QPI can resolve energy deposition of about 3.4 mJ/cm2 in a single pulse, which corresponds to 0.8 °C temperature rise in a single cell. OCT can detect deposition of 24 mJ/cm2 energy between two scattering interfaces producing signals with about 30-dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and 4.7 mJ/cm2 when SNR is 45 dB. Both techniques can image thermal changes within the thermal confinement time, which enables accurate single-shot mapping of absorption coefficients even in highly scattering samples, as well as electrical conductivity and many other material properties in biological samples at cellular scale. Integration of the phase changes along the beam path helps increase sensitivity, and the signal relaxation time reveals the size of hidden objects. These methods may enable multiple applications, ranging from temperature-controlled retinal laser therapy or gene expression to mapping electric current density and characterization of semiconductor devices with rapid pump–probe measurements.
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Finkeldey M, Göring L, Brenner C, Hofmann M, Gerhardt NC. Depth-filtering in common-path digital holographic microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:19398-19407. [PMID: 29041134 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.019398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a method to select different layers in a sample using a low coherent gating approach combined with a stable common-path quantitative phase imaging microscopy setup. The depth-filtering technique allows us to suppress the negative effects generated by multiple interference patterns of overlaying optical interfaces in the sample. It maintains the compact and stable common-path setup, while enabling images with a high phase sensitivity and acquisition speed. We use a holographic microscope in reflective geometry with a non-tunable low coherence light source. First results of this technique are shown by imaging the hardware layer of a standard micro-controller through its thinned substrate.
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Wang X, Lu T, Yu X, Jin JM, Goddard LL. Diffraction phase microscopy imaging and multi-physics modeling of the nanoscale thermal expansion of a suspended resistor. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4602. [PMID: 28676653 PMCID: PMC5496882 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04803-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the nanoscale thermal expansion of a suspended resistor both theoretically and experimentally and obtained consistent results. In the theoretical analysis, we used a three-dimensional coupled electrical-thermal-mechanical simulation and obtained the temperature and displacement field of the suspended resistor under a direct current (DC) input voltage. In the experiment, we recorded a sequence of images of the axial thermal expansion of the central bridge region of the suspended resistor at a rate of 1.8 frames/s by using epi-illumination diffraction phase microscopy (epi-DPM). This method accurately measured nanometer level relative height changes of the resistor in a temporally and spatially resolved manner. Upon application of a 2 V step in voltage, the resistor exhibited a steady-state increase in resistance of 1.14 Ω and in relative height of 3.5 nm, which agreed reasonably well with the predicted values of 1.08 Ω and 4.4 nm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Wang
- Photonic Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Tianjian Lu
- Center for Computational Electromagnetics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Xin Yu
- Photonic Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Jian-Ming Jin
- Center for Computational Electromagnetics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Lynford L Goddard
- Photonic Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
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8
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McKeown SJ, Wang X, Yu X, Goddard LL. Realization of palladium-based optomechanical cantilever hydrogen sensor. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2017; 3:16087. [PMID: 31057853 PMCID: PMC6445021 DOI: 10.1038/micronano.2016.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen has attracted attention as an alternative fuel source and as an energy storage medium. However, the flammability of hydrogen at low concentrations makes it a safety concern. Thus, gas concentration measurements are a vital safety issue. Here we present the experimental realization of a palladium thin film cantilever optomechanical hydrogen gas sensor. We measured the instantaneous shape of the cantilever to nanometer-level accuracy using diffraction phase microscopy. Thus, we were able to quantify changes in the curvature of the cantilever as a function of hydrogen concentration and observed that the sensor's minimum detection limit was well below the 250 p.p.m. limit of our test equipment. Using the change in curvature versus the hydrogen curve for calibration, we accurately determined the hydrogen concentrations for a random sequence of exposures. In addition, we calculated the change in film stress as a function of hydrogen concentration and observed a greater sensitivity at lower concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. McKeown
- Photonic Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 North Wright Street, MNTL 2254, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Xiaozhen Wang
- Photonic Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 North Wright Street, MNTL 2254, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Xin Yu
- Photonic Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 North Wright Street, MNTL 2254, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Lynford L. Goddard
- Photonic Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 North Wright Street, MNTL 2254, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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9
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Feng YH, Lu X, Song L, Guo X, Wang Y, Zhu L, Sui Q, Li J, Shi K, Li Z. Optical digital coherent detection technology enabled flexible and ultra-fast quantitative phase imaging. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:17159-17167. [PMID: 27464166 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.017159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative phase imaging has been an important labeling-free microscopy modality for many biomedical and material science applications. In which, ultra-fast quantitative phase imaging is indispensable for dynamic or transient characteristics analysis. Conventional wide field optical interferometry is a common scheme for quantitative phase imaging, while its data acquisition rate is usually hindered by the frame rate of arrayed detector. By utilizing novel balanced-photo-detector based digital optics coherent detection techniques, we report on a method of constructing ultra-fast quantitative phase microscopy at the line-scan rate of 100 MHz with ~2 μm spatial resolution.
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10
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Demosaiced pixel super-resolution for multiplexed holographic color imaging. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28601. [PMID: 27353242 PMCID: PMC4926095 DOI: 10.1038/srep28601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To synthesize a holographic color image, one can sequentially take three holograms at different wavelengths, e.g., at red (R), green (G) and blue (B) parts of the spectrum, and digitally merge them. To speed up the imaging process by a factor of three, a Bayer color sensor-chip can also be used to demultiplex three wavelengths that simultaneously illuminate the sample and digitally retrieve individual set of holograms using the known transmission spectra of the Bayer color filters. However, because the pixels of different channels (R, G, B) on a Bayer color sensor are not at the same physical location, conventional demosaicing techniques generate color artifacts in holographic imaging using simultaneous multi-wavelength illumination. Here we demonstrate that pixel super-resolution can be merged into the color de-multiplexing process to significantly suppress the artifacts in wavelength-multiplexed holographic color imaging. This new approach, termed Demosaiced Pixel Super-Resolution (D-PSR), generates color images that are similar in performance to sequential illumination at three wavelengths, and therefore improves the speed of holographic color imaging by 3-fold. D-PSR method is broadly applicable to holographic microscopy applications, where high-resolution imaging and multi-wavelength illumination are desired.
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Thornton KL, Findlay RC, Walrad PB, Wilson LG. Investigating the Swimming of Microbial Pathogens Using Digital Holography. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 915:17-32. [PMID: 27193535 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32189-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To understand much of the behaviour of microbial pathogens, it is necessary to image living cells, their interactions with each other and with host cells. Species such as Escherichia coli are difficult subjects to image: they are typically microscopic, colourless and transparent. Traditional cell visualisation techniques such as fluorescent tagging or phase-contrast microscopy give excellent information on cell behaviour in two dimensions, but no information about cells moving in three dimensions. We review the use of digital holographic microscopy for three-dimensional imaging at high speeds, and demonstrate its use for capturing the shape and swimming behaviour of three important model pathogens: E. coli, Plasmodium spp. and Leishmania spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Thornton
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, England
| | - R C Findlay
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, England.,Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, England
| | - P B Walrad
- Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, England
| | - L G Wilson
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, England.
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12
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Edwards C, Arbabi A, Bhaduri B, Wang X, Ganti R, Yunker PJ, Yodh AG, Popescu G, Goddard LL. Measuring the Nonuniform Evaporation Dynamics of Sprayed Sessile Microdroplets with Quantitative Phase Imaging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:11020-11032. [PMID: 26389788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate real-time quantitative phase imaging as a new optical approach for measuring the evaporation dynamics of sessile microdroplets. Quantitative phase images of various droplets were captured during evaporation. The images enabled us to generate time-resolved three-dimensional topographic profiles of droplet shape with nanometer accuracy and, without any assumptions about droplet geometry, to directly measure important physical parameters that characterize surface wetting processes. Specifically, the time-dependent variation of the droplet height, volume, contact radius, contact angle distribution along the droplet's perimeter, and mass flux density for two different surface preparations are reported. The studies clearly demonstrate three phases of evaporation reported previously: pinned, depinned, and drying modes; the studies also reveal instances of partial pinning. Finally, the apparatus is employed to investigate the cooperative evaporation of the sprayed droplets. We observe and explain the neighbor-induced reduction in evaporation rate, that is, as compared to predictions for isolated droplets. In the future, the new experimental methods should stimulate the exploration of colloidal particle dynamics on the gas-liquid-solid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Edwards
- Photonic Systems Laboratory, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Amir Arbabi
- Photonic Systems Laboratory, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Basanta Bhaduri
- Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xiaozhen Wang
- Photonic Systems Laboratory, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Raman Ganti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Peter J Yunker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Arjun G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lynford L Goddard
- Photonic Systems Laboratory, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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13
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Desse JM, Picart P, Olchewsky F. Quantitative phase imaging in flows with high resolution holographic diffraction grating. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:23726-23737. [PMID: 26368468 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.023726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes quantitative phase imaging by using a high resolution holographic grating for generating a four-wave shearing interferogram. The high-resolution holographic grating is designed in a "kite" configuration so as to avoid parasitic mixing of diffraction orders. The selection of six diffraction orders in the Fourier spectrum of the interferogram allows reconstructing phase gradients along specific directions. The spectral analysis yields the useful parameters of the reconstruction process. The derivative axes are exactly determined whatever the experimental configurations of the holographic grating. The integration of the derivative yields the phase and the optical thickness. Demonstration of the proposed approach is carried out for the case of the analysis of the supersonic flow of a small vertical jet, 5.56mm in diameter. The experimental results compared with those obtained with digital holography exhibit a very good agreement.
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14
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Schubert R, Vollmer A, Ketelhut S, Kemper B. Enhanced quantitative phase imaging in self-interference digital holographic microscopy using an electrically focus tunable lens. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:4213-22. [PMID: 25574433 PMCID: PMC4285600 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.004213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Self-interference digital holographic microscopy (DHM) has been found particular suitable for simplified quantitative phase imaging of living cells. However, a main drawback of the self-interference DHM principle are scattering patterns that are induced by the coherent nature of the laser light which affect the resolution for detection of optical path length changes. We present a simple and efficient technique for the reduction of coherent disturbances in quantitative phase images. Therefore, amplitude and phase of the sample illumination are modulated by an electrically focus tunable lens. The proposed method is in particular convenient with the self-interference DHM concept. Results from the characterization of the method show that a reduction of coherence induced disturbances up to 70 percent can be achieved. Finally, the performance for enhanced quantitative imaging of living cells is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Schubert
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, University of Muenster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Muenster,
Germany
- George Huntington Institute, Johann-Krane-Weg 27, D-48149 Muenster,
Germany
| | - Angelika Vollmer
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, University of Muenster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Muenster,
Germany
| | - Steffi Ketelhut
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstr. 17, D-48149 Muenster,
Germany
| | - Björn Kemper
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstr. 17, D-48149 Muenster,
Germany
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