1
|
Wang J, Cheung SW, Bian S, Wang X, Liu L, Cho P. Anisomyopia and orthokeratology for myopia control - Axial elongation and relative peripheral refraction. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2024; 44:1261-1269. [PMID: 38989808 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate axial elongation (AE) and changes in relative peripheral refraction (RPR) in anisomyopic children undergoing orthokeratology (ortho-k). METHODS Bilateral anisomyopic children, 7-12 years of age, were treated with ortho-k. Axial length (AL) and RPR, from 30° nasal (N30°) to 30° temporal (T30°), were measured at baseline and every 6 months over the study period. AE, changes in RPR and changes in the interocular AL difference were determined over time. RESULTS Twenty-six of the 33 subjects completed the 2-year study. The AE of the higher myopic (HM) eyes (at least 1.50 D more myopia than the other eye) (0.26 ± 0.29 mm) was significantly smaller than for the less myopic (LM) eyes (0.50 ± 0.27 mm; p = 0.003), leading to a reduction in the interocular difference in AL (p = 0.001). Baseline RPR measurements in the HM eyes were relatively more hyperopic at T30°, N20° and N30° (p ≤ 0.02) and greater myopic shifts were observed at T20° (p < 0.001), T30° (p < 0.001), N20° (p = 0.02) and N30° (p = 0.01) after lens wear. After 2 years of ortho-k lens wear, temporal-nasal asymmetry increased significantly, being more myopic at the temporal locations in both eyes (p < 0.001), while AE was associated with the change in RPR at N20° (β = 0.134, p = 0.01). The interocular difference in AE was also positively associated with the interocular difference in RPR change at N30° (β = 0.111, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Ortho-k slowed AE in bilateral anisomyopia, with slower growth in the HM eyes leading to a reduction in interocular AL differences. After ortho-k, RPR changed from hyperopia to myopia, with greater changes induced in the HM eyes, and slower AE was associated with a more myopic shift in RPR, especially in the nasal field of both eyes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianglan Wang
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sin Wan Cheung
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyu Bian
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Chengdu Huashi Jingwei Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pauline Cho
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang Y, Xue M, Hao J, Lin Z, Xi X, Wu H, Wen L, Xu Q, Luo Z, Ran G, Artal P, Lan W, Li X, Yang Z. Frequency-dependent effects of 0.05% atropine eyedrops on myopia progression and peripheral defocus: a prospective study. EYE AND VISION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 11:26. [PMID: 39085950 PMCID: PMC11293060 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-024-00395-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atropine, specifically 0.05% eyedrops, has proven effective in slowing myopia progression. This study aims to investigate peripheral refraction (PR) characteristics in myopic children treated with 0.05% atropine eyedrops at different frequencies. METHODS One hundred thirty-eight myopic children completed this one-year prospective study, randomly assigned to once daily (7/7), twice per week (2/7), or once per week (1/7) groups. Spherical equivalent (SE) and axial length (AL) were measured. PR was assessed using a custom-made Hartmann-Shack wavefront peripheral sensor, covering a visual field of horizontal 60° and vertical 36°. Relative peripheral refraction (RPR) was calculated by subtracting central from peripheral measurements. RESULTS After one year, SE increased more significantly in the 1/7 group compared to the 7/7 group (P < 0.001) and 2/7 group (P = 0.004); AL elongation was also greater in the 1/7 group compared to the 7/7 group (P < 0.001). In comparison with higher frequency groups, 1/7 group exhibited more myopic PR in the fovea and its vertical superior, inferior, and nasal retina; and less myopic RPR in the periphery retina after one-year (P < 0.05). Additionally, RPR in the 7/7 group demonstrated myopic shift across the entire retina, the 2/7 group in temporal and inferior retina, while the 1/7 group showed a hyperopic shift in the superior retina (P < 0.05). Moreover, myopic shift of RPR in the temporal retina is related to less myopia progression, notably in the 7/7 group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Atropine inhibits myopia progression in a frequency-dependent manner. The once-daily group showed the slowest myopia progression but exhibited more myopic shifts in RPR. Additionally, RPR in the temporal retina was related to myopia progression in all groups. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100043506. Registered 21 February 2021, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=122214.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfang Yang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Minsong Xue
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Jiangdong Hao
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Zhenghua Lin
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, 410015, China
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Xiaoyun Xi
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Haoran Wu
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Longbo Wen
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Qinglin Xu
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Zhiwei Luo
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Guangyao Ran
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Pablo Artal
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410015, China
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Weizhong Lan
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410015, China
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, 410015, China.
- School of Stomatology and Ophthalmology, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437000, China.
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, 410015, China.
- Hunan Province Optometry Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, 410015, China.
- Hunan Province International Cooperation Base for Optometry Science and Technology, Changsha, 410015, China.
| | - Zhikuan Yang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, 410015, China.
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, 410015, China.
- Hunan Province Optometry Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, 410015, China.
- Hunan Province International Cooperation Base for Optometry Science and Technology, Changsha, 410015, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu T, Chen C, Ma W, Yang B, Wang X, Liu L. One-year results for myopia control with aspheric base curve orthokeratology lenses: A prospective randomised clinical trial. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2023; 43:1469-1477. [PMID: 37584271 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the effect of orthokeratology (ortho-k) using aspheric or spherical base curve (BCA vs. BCS) contact lenses on axial elongation and the relative peripheral refraction change (RPRC) in Chinese children. METHODS Children aged 8-12 years with myopia between -0.75 and -4.00 D and astigmatism ≤1.00 D were randomly assigned to the BCA or BCS group. Peripheral refraction was assessed at 10°, 20° and 30° along the temporal and nasal retina at baseline and at the 12-month visit. Axial length (AL) was measured under cycloplegia at baseline and at the 6- and 12-month visits. Only right eye data were analysed. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance was performed to examine the differences in axial elongation and the RPRC between the BCA and BCS groups. RESULTS The 1-year results from 31 BCA and 32 BCS subjects were analysed. No significant between-group differences were found at baseline (p ≥ 0.28). At the 12-month visit, the BCA lens produced a greater absolute RPRC along the horizontal meridian than the BCS lens (p < 0.001). Axial elongation was slower in the BCA group (0.19 ± 0.20 mm) than in the BCS group (0.29 ± 0.14 mm; p = 0.03). Axial elongation was correlated with the RPRC at 10° (r = 0.43, p = 0.02) and 20° (r = 0.39, p = 0.03) along the temporal retina in the BCA group; however, these correlations were not observed in the BCS group. CONCLUSION The BCA ortho-k lens could improve the efficacy of slowing axial elongation in children. The improved myopia control observed in the BCA group may be the result of a larger myopic shift in relative peripheral refraction within 20° along the temporal retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changxu Chen
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bi Yang
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xue M, Lin Z, Wu H, Xu Q, Wen L, Luo Z, Hu Z, Li X, Yang Z. Two-Dimensional Peripheral Refraction and Higher-Order Wavefront Aberrations Induced by Orthokeratology Lenses Decentration. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2023; 12:8. [PMID: 37824110 PMCID: PMC10587852 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.10.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore two-dimensional peripheral refraction and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) induced by orthokeratology lens decentration. Methods Two-dimensional peripheral refraction and HOAs in a rectangular field (horizontally 60 degrees and vertically 36 degrees) were obtained using an open-view Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor. The peripheral field was divided into 8 regions according to a combination of superior (UZ) or inferior (LZ) and a value, 1 (T25 to T30), 2 (T20 to T25), 3 (N20 to N25), or 4 (N25 to N30). The decentration of the lens was evaluated based on the change of power in the front of the tangential corneal map. All measurements were taken at the baseline and 1 month after lens fitting. Results In total, 134 myopic children (age = 12.47 ± 1.70 years, SER = -2.44 ± 1.10 diopters [D]) were recruited. In general, horizontally asymmetrical change was observed in relative peripheral refraction (RPR), spherical aberration (SA), and horizontal coma. The root-mean square of higher order aberration (RMSHOA) and vertical coma demonstrated radial symmetrical change and vertically asymmetric change, respectively. Relative peripheral myopia was significantly increased after the treatment, with more myopic refraction in the temporal side. RPR changes in UZ2, UZ3, UZ4, LZ1, and LZ2 were related to the amount of lens decentration (r ≈ 0.4, P < 0.05). All HOAs increased after lens fitting (around 0.03 um, 0.02 um, 0.04 um, and 0.41 um for SA, horizontal COMA, vertical COMA, and RMSHOA in the periphery region). Conclusions RPR and HOAs are related to lens decentration, which might contribute to the efficacy of orthokeratology. Translational Relevance The study found a decentration-related optical feature after 1 month of lens wear, which is a suggested protective factor in myopia treatment. The findings might provide new insights for customized contact lens myopia treatment based on optics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minsong Xue
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenghua Lin
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, China
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Haoran Wu
- Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, China
| | - QingLin Xu
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Longbo Wen
- Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhiwei Luo
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, China
| | - Ziqi Hu
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, China
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, China
- Aier College of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- Hunan Province Optometry Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province International Cooperation Base for Optometry Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Zhikuan Yang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, China
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Optometry Engineering and Technology Research Center, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province International Cooperation Base for Optometry Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li T, Chen Z, She M, Zhou X. Relative peripheral refraction in myopic children wearing orthokeratology lenses using a novel multispectral refraction topographer. Clin Exp Optom 2023; 106:746-751. [PMID: 36126304 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2113330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Orthokeratology (OK) lens is commonly used to control myopia progression of children. Understanding the relationship between relative peripheral refraction (RPR) and the growth rate of axial length (AL) may assist in explaining myopic progression. BACKGROUND The aim of this work is to investigate the RPR in myopic children wearing OK lenses, and to evaluate its relationship with the growth rate of AL. METHODS RPRs of 31 children wearing OK lenses and 31 children wearing single-vision glasses were measured with multispectral refraction topography (MRT). MRT shows the total RPR (TRPR), RPR in the superior area (RPR-S), RPR in the inferior area (RPR-I), RPR in the temporal area (RPR-T) and RPR in the nasal area (RPR-N), respectively. It also shows RPR in the visual field of 15° (RPR-15), 30° (RPR-30) and 45° (RPR-45), respectively. RPRs in the visual field from 15° to 30°, 30° to 45° and 15° to 45° are recorded as RPR-(30-15), RPR-(45-30) and RPR-(45-15), respectively. According to the growth rate of AL, children wearing OK lenses were further divided into slow and fast growth groups. RESULTS TRPR, RPR-I, RPR-T, RPR-N, RPR-15, RPR-30, RPR-45, RPR-(30-15), RPR-(45-30), and RPR-(45-15) of children in the OK lens group were significantly smaller than in the control group (all P < 0.05). TRPR, RPR-N, RPR-15, RPR-30, RPR-45, RPR-(30-15), and RPR-(45-15) of the slow growth group were significantly smaller than in the fast growth group (all P < 0.05). The growth rate of AL were positively correlated with TRPR (R = 0.383, P = 0.040), RPR-N (R = 0.395, P = 0.034), RPR-30 (R = 0.408, P = 0.028), RPR-45 (R = 0.377, P = 0.044), RPR-(30-15) (R = 0.390, P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS RPRs of children show relative myopic defocus after wearing OK lenses. Furthermore, the growth rate of AL is smaller with more negative RPR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoyi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Man She
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Papadogiannis P, Börjeson C, Lundström L. Comparison of optical myopia control interventions: effect on peripheral image quality and vision. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:3125-3137. [PMID: 37497498 PMCID: PMC10368058 DOI: 10.1364/boe.486555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
This study compares the effects on peripheral vision and image quality of four myopia control interventions: a) Perifocal spectacles/ArtOptica, b) Stellest spectacles/Essilor), c) MiyoSmart spectacles/Hoya and d) MiSight contact lenses/CooperVision. Five subjects participated with habitual or no correction as reference. Three techniques were used: 1) Hartmann-Shack sensors for wavefront errors, 2) double-pass imaging system for point-spread-functions (PSF), and 3) peripheral acuity evaluation. The results show that multiple evaluation methods are needed to fully quantify the optical effects of these myopia control interventions. Perifocal was found to make the relative peripheral refraction (RPR) more myopic in all subjects and to interact with the natural optical errors of the eye, hence showing larger variations in the effect on peripheral vision. MiSight had a smaller effect on RPR, but large effect on peripheral vision. Stellest and MiyoSmart also showed small effects on RPR but had broader double-pass PSFs for all participants, indicating reduced retinal contrast. Reduction in peripheral retinal contrast might thereby play a role in slowing myopia progression even when the peripheral refraction does not turn more myopic.
Collapse
|
7
|
Lin Z, Lu Y, Artal P, Yang Z, Lan W. Two-Dimensional Peripheral Refraction and Image Quality for Four Types of Refractive Surgeries. J Refract Surg 2023; 39:40-47. [PMID: 36630429 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20221115-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide a comprehensive investigation of the optical quality across the visual field for current mainstream types of refractive surgeries. METHODS Sixty eyes from 60 adults who received refractive surgery of either femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK), Q-value guided customized laser in situ keratomileusis (Q-LASIK), small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), or Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) (STAAR Surgical) implantation were included in this study. Refraction and optical aberrations from a visual field of horizontal 60° (from temporal 30° to nasal 30°) and vertical 36° (from superior 20° to inferior 16°) were measured using a custom-made Hartmann-Shack wavefront peripheral sensor. Refractive error, higher order aberrations, point spread function (PSF), and Strehl ratio were compared among these groups prior to and after the surgical procedures, respectively. RESULTS All types of surgical procedures achieved an almost plano refraction in the central retina. This was also the case in the peripheral retina for the three types of laser refractive surgeries. However, residual peripheral relative hyperopic defocus was observed after ICL implantation. In all groups prior to the surgery, PSFs showed increasing distortion with eccentricity and arrow-like shape pointing toward the central fovea in the periphery in diagonals. Degradation of the PSFs was diminished by all three types of laser refractive surgeries, whereas ICL implantation made the peripheral distortion more prominent. CONCLUSIONS Although ICL implantation produced a similar impact on refractive correction and objective optical quality in the central vision compared with other laser refractive surgeries, its outcome on the peripheral optics is different. The impact of this difference on visual performance deserves notice and warrants further investigation. [J Refract Surg. 2023;39(1):40-47.].
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang S, Zhang H, Li L, Yang X, Li S, Li X. Effect of treatment zone decentration on axial length growth after orthokeratology. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:986364. [PMID: 36340764 PMCID: PMC9630831 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.986364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the effect of treatment zone (TZ) decentration on axial length growth (ALG) in adolescents after wearing the orthokeratology lenses (OK lenses). Materials and methods This retrospective clinical study selected 251 adolescents who were fitted OK lenses at the Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University (Tianjin, China) from January 2018–December 2018 and wore them continuously for >12 months. The age of the subjects was 8–15 years, spherical equivalent (SE): −1.00 to −5.00 diopter (D), and astigmatism ≤ 1.50 D. The corneal topography were recorded at baseline and 1-, 6-, and 12-month visits, and the axial length (AL) were recorded at baseline and 6-, 12-month visits. The data of the right eye were collected for statistical analysis. Results The subjects were divided into three groups according to the decentration distance of the TZ after wearing lenses for 1 month: 56 cases in the mild (<0.5 mm), 110 in the moderate (0.5–1.0 mm), and 85 in the severe decentration group (>1.0 mm). A significant difference was detected in the ALG between the three groups after wearing lenses for 6 and 12 months (F = 10.223, P < 0.001; F = 13.380, P < 0.001, respectively). Among these, the 6- and 12-month ALG of the mild decentration group was significantly higher than that of the other two groups. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that age, baseline SE, and 1-month decentration distance associated with the 12-month ALG (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion The decentration of the TZ of the OK lens affected the growth of the AL in adolescents, i.e., the greater the decentration, the slower the ALG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Zhang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital Optometric Center, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital Optometric Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital Optometric Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Hospital Optometric Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shumao Li
- Tianjin Eye Hospital Optometric Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xuan Li,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Papadogiannis P, Romashchenko D, Vedhakrishnan S, Persson B, Lindskoog Pettersson A, Marcos S, Lundström L. Foveal and peripheral visual quality and accommodation with multifocal contact lenses. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2022; 39:B39-B49. [PMID: 36215526 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.450195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Multifocal contact lenses are increasingly popular interventions for controlling myopia. This study presents the short-term effects of multifocal contact lenses on foveal and peripheral vision. The MiSight contact lenses designed to inhibit myopia progression and the 1-Day Acuvue Moist contact lenses designed for presbyopia were investigated. The MiSight produced similar foveal results to spectacles despite the increased astigmatism and coma. The MiSight also reduced the low-contrast resolution acuity in the periphery, despite no clear change in relative peripheral refraction. When compared with spectacles, Acuvue Moist decreased accommodative response and reduced foveal high- and low-contrast resolution acuity, whereas peripheral thresholds were more similar to those of spectacles. The most likely treatment property for myopia control by the MiSight is the contrast reduction in the peripheral visual field and the changed accommodation.
Collapse
|
10
|
Li X, Huang Y, Zhang J, Ding C, Chen Y, Chen H, Bao J. Treatment zone decentration promotes retinal reshaping in Chinese myopic children wearing orthokeratology lenses. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2022; 42:1124-1132. [PMID: 35598145 PMCID: PMC9544447 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether the treatment zone (TZ) decentration in orthokeratology (OK) lenses affects retinal expansion in Chinese children with myopia. METHODS Children aged 8 to 13 years (n = 30) were assessed over 13 months comprising 12 months of OK lens wear followed by discontinuation of lens wear for 1 month. Corneal topography was measured at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 13 months. TZ decentration of the OK lens was calculated, and subjects were subdivided into a small decentration group (group S) and a large decentration group (group L) based on the median value of the weighted average decentration (dave ). Central axial length (AL) and peripheral eye lengths (PELs) at the central retina, as well as 10°, 20° and 30° nasally and temporally were measured at 0 and 13 months under cycloplegia. Second-order polynomial (y = ax2 + bx + c) and linear fits (y = Kx + B) were applied to the peripheral relative eye length (PREL), and the coefficients 'a' and 'K' were used to describe the shape of the eye. RESULTS Mean AL growth for one year was 0.28 ± 0.17 mm. In a multiple linear regression model, AL elongation was related to the baseline age (β = -0.41, p = 0.01) and the dave (β = -0.37, p = 0.03) (R2 = 0.34, p = 0.002). When compared with smaller dave (0.45 ± 0.15 mm), a larger dave (0.89 ± 0.17 mm) was associated with slower ocular growth (central: 0.20 ± 0.13 mm vs. 0.35 ± 0.17 mm, p = 0.009; 10° nasal: 0.26 ± 0.18 mm vs. 0.45 ± 0.21 mm, p = 0.02; 10° temporal: 0.17 ± 0.14 mm vs. 0.32 ± 0.19 mm, p = 0.02) and more oblate retina shape ('a': -0.13 ± 0.02 vs. -0.14 ± 0.02, p = 0.02; Knasal : 0.35 ± 0.11 vs. 0.39 ± 0.09, p = 0.02; Ktemporal : -0.42 ± 0.08 vs. -0.46 ± 0.08, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Greater TZ decentration with the use of OK lenses was associated with slower axial growth and a more oblate retinal shape. TZ decentration caused local defocusing changes, which may inhibit myopic progression. These findings may have important implications for improving optical designs for myopia control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenglu Ding
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yunyun Chen
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Bao
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fernandez EJ, Sager S, Lin Z, Hao J, Roca J, Prieto PM, Yang Z, Lan W, Artal P. Instrument for fast whole-field peripheral refraction in the human eye. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:2947-2959. [PMID: 35774321 PMCID: PMC9203108 DOI: 10.1364/boe.457686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
An instrument for fast and objective measurement of the peripheral refraction in the human eye is presented. The apparatus permits the automatic estimation of both defocus and astigmatism at any retinal eccentricity by scanning a near infrared beam. The design includes a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor and a steering mirror, which operate in combination with a compounded eyepiece for wide field operation. The basic scanning protocol allows the estimation of refraction in a circular retinal patch of 50 deg diameter (±25 from central fixation) in 3 sec. Combined with additional fixation points, wider retinal fields can be sampled to achieve a whole field. The instrument underwent calibration and testing, and its performance for real eyes was assessed in 11 subjects of varying age and refraction. The results show high repeatability and precision. The instrument provides a new tool for the investigation of peripheral optics in the human eye.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique J Fernandez
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Centro de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica (CiOyN), Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30010 Murcia, Spain
- Voptica S.L., Parque Científico de Murcia, Ctra. de Madrid 388, Complejo de Espinardo - Edificio T, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Santiago Sager
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Centro de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica (CiOyN), Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30010 Murcia, Spain
- Voptica S.L., Parque Científico de Murcia, Ctra. de Madrid 388, Complejo de Espinardo - Edificio T, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Zhenghua Lin
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Centro de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica (CiOyN), Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30010 Murcia, Spain
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410000 Changsha, China
| | - Jiangdong Hao
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410000 Changsha, China
- Aier School of Optometry and Vision Science, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 437100 Xianning, China
| | - Javier Roca
- Voptica S.L., Parque Científico de Murcia, Ctra. de Madrid 388, Complejo de Espinardo - Edificio T, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro M Prieto
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Centro de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica (CiOyN), Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30010 Murcia, Spain
- Voptica S.L., Parque Científico de Murcia, Ctra. de Madrid 388, Complejo de Espinardo - Edificio T, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Zhikuang Yang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410000 Changsha, China
- Aier School of Optometry and Vision Science, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 437100 Xianning, China
| | - Weizhong Lan
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410000 Changsha, China
- Aier School of Optometry and Vision Science, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 437100 Xianning, China
| | - Pablo Artal
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Centro de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica (CiOyN), Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30010 Murcia, Spain
- Voptica S.L., Parque Científico de Murcia, Ctra. de Madrid 388, Complejo de Espinardo - Edificio T, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410000 Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li Q, Fang F. Retinal contour modelling to reproduce two-dimensional peripheral spherical equivalent refraction. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:3948-3964. [PMID: 34457391 PMCID: PMC8367254 DOI: 10.1364/boe.426413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction of the peripheral spherical equivalent refraction (SER) in the eye model is critical for investigations in myopia control. Based on the derivation of a linear relationship between SER and the vergence of the wavefront at exit pupil center, a computing method is proposed to locate the retinal points to reproduce the two-dimensional (2D) distribution of SER. The method is validated by reproducing SER maps measured on both emmetropic and myopic eyes in a realistic eye model based on measurement data. By fitting the retinal points to a general ellipsoid, the limited capability of the general ellipsoid model in reproducing the 2D map of SER is calculated and compared with original data. The high accuracy in SER reproduction and low time-cost of the proposed retinal-locating method can help significantly improve the precision and accuracy of customized wide-angle eye modelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Center of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT-Dublin), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Fengzhou Fang
- Center of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT-Dublin), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Laboratory of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|