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Kumar S, Iadicicco A, Kim S, Tosi D, Marques C. Introduction to the feature issue: Advances in Optical Biosensors for Biomedical Applications. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3183-3190. [PMID: 38855687 PMCID: PMC11161368 DOI: 10.1364/boe.527613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The feature issue of Biomedical Optics Express titled "Advances in Optical Biosensors for Biomedical Applications" presents a comprehensive collection of cutting-edge optical biosensor research. With the growing demand for sensitive, label-free, and real-time detection of biological analytes, optical biosensors have emerged as important devices in a wide range of biomedical applications, including medical diagnostics, bioanalysis, and personalised healthcare. This collection of 26 papers highlights recent advances and innovations in the development, design, and implementation of optical biosensors. The feature issue serves as an opportunity for disseminating ground-breaking findings, promoting new ideas, and inspiring further developments in optical biosensors for medical applications. The authors provide breakthrough technology, innovative approaches, and practical clinical applications that have the potential to revolutionize healthcare and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh 522302, India
| | - Agostino Iadicicco
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Seunghyun Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Daniele Tosi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nazarbayev University, 010000 Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Carlos Marques
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Physics Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Lugo MC, Saito M, Kitamura M, Ide Y, Koide S, Mayama S. Imaging and Quantitative Analysis on the Etching of Diatom Frustules via Digital Holographic Microscopy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1106-1111. [PMID: 38154034 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Frustules, whose length spans from a few micrometers to more than a hundred micrometers, have been the subject of various modifications to improve their physical properties because of their complex porous silica structure. However, three-dimensional measurements of these changes can be challenging because of the complex 3D architecture and limitations of known methods. In this study, we present a new method that applies digital holographic microscopy (DHM) to analyze controlled etched frustules and observe real-time degradation of frustules at the single-cell level. Frustules obtained from Craspedostauros sp. diatoms were etched in 1 N NaOH for 5 min at 25 and 60 °C, respectively, and the frustule's valve was analyzed using DHM. DHM uses a combination of holography and tomography to reconstruct a 3D refractive index image of the frustule. Measurements of the width, volume, and surface area are achieved. Results showed that at 60 °C of etching, a significant difference with the unetched frustule was observed for all measurements but with high fluctuation values. Finally, real-time observation of the degradation of the frustule is observed when immersed in a high concentration of NaOH. This is the first time the real-time etching of the frustule is observed at the single-cell level. This research provides an easy estimation of the 3D measurements of frustules that may provide new fundamental information and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Christine Lugo
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Masaki Kitamura
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuki Ide
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Shinji Koide
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mayama
- Tokyo Diatomology Lab, 2-3-2 Nukuikitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-0015, Japan
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Gilic M, Ghobara M, Reissig L. Tuning SERS Signal via Substrate Structuring: Valves of Different Diatom Species with Ultrathin Gold Coating. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13101594. [PMID: 37242011 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The discovered light modulation capabilities of diatom silicious valves make them an excellent toolkit for photonic devices and applications. In this work, a reproducible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement was achieved with hybrid substrates employing diatom silica valves coated with an ultrathin uniform gold film. Three structurally different hybrid substrates, based on the valves of three dissimilar diatom species, have been compared to elucidate the structural contribution to SERS enhancement. The comparative analysis of obtained results showed that substrates containing cylindrical Aulacoseira sp. valves achieved the highest enhancement, up to 14-fold. Numerical analysis based on the frequency domain finite element method was carried out to supplement the experimental results. Our results demonstrate that diatom valves of different shapes can enhance the SERS signal, offering a toolbox for SERS-based sensors, where the magnitude of the enhancement depends on valve geometry and ultrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gilic
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohamed Ghobara
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Louisa Reissig
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Cvjetinovic J, Luchkin SY, Statnik ES, Davidovich NA, Somov PA, Salimon AI, Korsunsky AM, Gorin DA. Revealing the static and dynamic nanomechanical properties of diatom frustules—Nature's glass lace. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5518. [PMID: 37015973 PMCID: PMC10073200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractDiatoms are single cell microalgae enclosed in silica exoskeletons (frustules) that provide inspiration for advanced hybrid nanostructure designs mimicking multi-scale porosity to achieve outstanding mechanical and optical properties. Interrogating the structure and properties of diatoms down to nanometer scale leads to breakthrough advances reported here in the nanomechanical characterization of Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis diatom pure silica frustules, as well as of air-dried and wet cells with organic content. Static and dynamic mode Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and in-SEM nanoindentation revealed the peculiarities of diatom response with separate contributions from material nanoscale behavior and membrane deformation of the entire valve. Significant differences in the nanomechanical properties of the different frustule layers were observed. Furthermore, the deformation response depends strongly on silica hydration and on the support from the internal organic content. The cyclic loading revealed that the average compliance of the silica frustule is 0.019 m/N and increases with increasing number of cycles. The structure–mechanical properties relationship has a direct impact on the vibrational properties of the frustule as a complex micrometer-sized mechanical system. Lessons from Nature’s nanostructuring of diatoms open up pathways to new generations of nano- and microdevices for electronic, electromechanical, photonic, liquid, energy storage, and other applications.
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León-Valencia A, Briceño S, Reinoso C, Vizuete K, Debut A, Caetano M, González G. Photochemical Reduction of Silver Nanoparticles on Diatoms. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030185. [PMID: 36976234 PMCID: PMC10054479 DOI: 10.3390/md21030185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the photochemical reduction method was used at 440 or 540 nm excitation wavelengths to optimize the deposition of silver nanoparticles on the diatom surface as a potential DNA biosensor. The as-synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), fluorescence microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Our results revealed a 5.5-fold enhancement in the fluorescence response of the nanocomposite irradiated at 440 nm with DNA. The enhanced sensitivity comes from the optical coupling of the guided-mode resonance of the diatoms and the localized surface plasmon of the silver nanoparticles interacting with the DNA. The advantage of this work involves the use of a low-cost green method to optimize the deposition of plasmonic nanoparticles on diatoms as an alternative fabrication method for fluorescent biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián León-Valencia
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Sarah Briceño
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Carlos Reinoso
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Karla Vizuete
- Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolqui, Quito 171103, Ecuador
| | - Alexis Debut
- School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Manuel Caetano
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Gema González
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (G.G.)
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Ghobara M, Oschatz C, Fratzl P, Reissig L. Numerical Analysis of the Light Modulation by the Frustule of Gomphonema parvulum: The Role of Integrated Optical Components. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:nano13010113. [PMID: 36616023 PMCID: PMC9823621 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Siliceous diatom frustules present a huge variety of shapes and nanometric pore patterns. A better understanding of the light modulation by these frustules is required to determine whether or not they might have photobiological roles besides their possible utilization as building blocks in photonic applications. In this study, we propose a novel approach for analyzing the near-field light modulation by small pennate diatom frustules, utilizing the frustule of Gomphonema parvulum as a model. Numerical analysis was carried out for the wave propagation across selected 2D cross-sections in a statistically representative 3D model for the valve based on the finite element frequency domain method. The influences of light wavelength (vacuum wavelengths from 300 to 800 nm) and refractive index changes, as well as structural parameters, on the light modulation were investigated and compared to theoretical predictions when possible. The results showed complex interference patterns resulting from the overlay of different optical phenomena, which can be explained by the presence of a few integrated optical components in the valve. Moreover, studies on the complete frustule in an aqueous medium allow the discussion of its possible photobiological relevance. Furthermore, our results may enable the simple screening of unstudied pennate frustules for photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ghobara
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cathleen Oschatz
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter Fratzl
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Louisa Reissig
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Study on Biogenic Spindle-Shaped Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles by Pseudostaurosira trainorii in Field of Laser Desorption/Ionization Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911713. [PMID: 36233015 PMCID: PMC9570197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanostructures-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (NALDI-MS) is gaining attention for the analysis of a wide range of molecules. In this present investigation, Pseudostaurosira trainorii mediated biosynthesized iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been utilized as nanostructures assisting ionization and desorption for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). The chain forming diatom, P. trainorii showed efficiency in the production of IONPs against 0.01 M Fe+3 (pH 2) aqueous solution at the intracellular and extracellular level. The whole biomass and external media turned dark orange in color after 3 days of reaction with Fe3+ solution. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images illustrated that the surface of Fe3+ exposed frustules of P. trainorii were entirely covered by synthesized nanostructures contrasting with the natural surface ornamentation of control cells. The IONPs loaded frustules also exhibited catalytic properties by decolorizing yellow colored nitrophenol after 3 h of reaction. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images confirmed that the produced particles are spindle-shaped with ~50–70 nm length and ~10–30 nm width. The biogenic IONPs were utilized as an inorganic matrix in LDI-MS and showed high sensitivity towards small molecules as glucose, alanine and triacylglycerols at nano- and picomolar level per spot, respectively. The presented biocompatible technique offers new perspectives in nanobiotechnology for the production of spindle-shaped IONPs that can be applied in future for the preparation of NALDI plates.
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Ferraro P, Li Y, Miccio L, Shui L, Zhang Y. Biological Cells as Natural Biophotonic Devices: Fundamental and Applications-introduction to the feature issue. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:5571-5573. [PMID: 36425638 PMCID: PMC9664888 DOI: 10.1364/boe.475704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This feature issue of Biomedical Optics Express presents a cross-section of interesting and emerging work of relevance to the use of biological cells or microorganisms in optics and photonics. The technologies demonstrated here aim to address challenges to meeting the optical imaging, sensing, manipulating and therapy needs in a natural or even endogenous manner. This collection of 15 papers includes the novel results on designs of optical systems or photonic devices, image-assisted diagnosis and treatment, and manipulation or sensing methods, with applications for both ex vivo and in vivo use. These works portray the opportunities for exploring the field crossing biology and photonics in which a natural element can be functionalized for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Ferraro
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems «E. Caianiello», Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Yuchao Li
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, 511443 Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisa Miccio
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems «E. Caianiello», Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lingling Shui
- School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, 511443 Guangzhou, China
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