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Pirone D, Bianco V, Miccio L, Memmolo P, Psaltis D, Ferraro P. Beyond fluorescence: advances in computational label-free full specificity in 3D quantitative phase microscopy. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 85:103054. [PMID: 38142647 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.103054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite remarkable progresses in quantitative phase imaging (QPI) microscopes, their wide acceptance is limited due to the lack of specificity compared with the well-established fluorescence microscopy. In fact, the absence of fluorescent tag prevents to identify subcellular structures in single cells, making challenging the interpretation of label-free 2D and 3D phase-contrast data. Great effort has been made by many groups worldwide to address and overcome such limitation. Different computational methods have been proposed and many more are currently under investigation to achieve label-free microscopic imaging at single-cell level to recognize and quantify different subcellular compartments. This route promises to bridge the gap between QPI and FM for real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Pirone
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vittorio Bianco
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lisa Miccio
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Pasquale Memmolo
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Demetri Psaltis
- EPFL, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Optics Laboratory, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pietro Ferraro
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
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Lee M, Jeong H, Lee C, Lee MJ, Delmo BR, Heo WD, Shin JH, Park Y. High-resolution assessment of multidimensional cellular mechanics using label-free refractive-index traction force microscopy. Commun Biol 2024; 7:115. [PMID: 38245624 PMCID: PMC10799850 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05788-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
A critical requirement for studying cell mechanics is three-dimensional assessment of cellular shapes and forces with high spatiotemporal resolution. Traction force microscopy with fluorescence imaging enables the measurement of cellular forces, but it is limited by photobleaching and a slow acquisition speed. Here, we present refractive-index traction force microscopy (RI-TFM), which simultaneously quantifies the volumetric morphology and traction force of cells using a high-speed illumination scheme with 0.5-Hz temporal resolution. Without labelling, our method enables quantitative analyses of dry-mass distributions and shear (in-plane) and normal (out-of-plane) tractions of single cells on the extracellular matrix. When combined with a constrained total variation-based deconvolution algorithm, it provides 0.55-Pa shear and 1.59-Pa normal traction sensitivity for a 1-kPa hydrogel substrate. We demonstrate its utility by assessing the effects of compromised intracellular stress and capturing the rapid dynamics of cellular junction formation in the spatiotemporal changes in non-planar traction components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moosung Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Institute for Functional Matter and Quantum Technologies, Universität Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hyuntae Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Chaeyeon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Mahn Jae Lee
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Benedict Reve Delmo
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Won Do Heo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury (KIB), KAIST, Jaejeo, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
| | - Jennifer H Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- Tomocube Inc., Daejeon, 34109, South Korea.
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