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Rigo B, Bateman A, Lee J, Kim H, Lee Y, Romero L, Jang YC, Herbert R, Yeo WH. Soft implantable printed bioelectronic system for wireless continuous monitoring of restenosis. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 241:115650. [PMID: 37717424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a prominent cause of coronary artery disease and broader cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death worldwide. Angioplasty and stenting is a common treatment, but in-stent restenosis, where the artery re-narrows, is a frequent complication. Restenosis is detected through invasive procedures and is not currently monitored frequently for patients. Here, we report an implantable vascular bioelectronic device using a newly developed miniaturized strain sensor via microneedle printing methods. A capillary-based printing system achieves high-resolution patterning of a soft, capacitive strain sensor. Ink and printing parameters are evaluated to create a fully printed sensor, while sensor design and sensing mechanism are studied to enhance sensitivity and minimize sensor size. The sensor is integrated with a wireless vascular stent, offering a biocompatible, battery-free, wireless monitoring system compatible with conventional catheterization procedures. The vascular sensing system is demonstrated in an artery model for monitoring restenosis progression. Collectively, the artery implantable bioelectronic system shows the potential for wireless, real-time monitoring of various cardiovascular diseases and stent-integrated sensing/treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rigo
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Allison Bateman
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jimin Lee
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Hyeonseok Kim
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Yunki Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory Musculoskeletal Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Institute for Materials, Neural Engineering Center, and Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Lissette Romero
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; School of Industrial Design, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Young C Jang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory Musculoskeletal Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Institute for Materials, Neural Engineering Center, and Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Robert Herbert
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Woon-Hong Yeo
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Institute for Materials, Neural Engineering Center, and Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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Jenne S, Zappe H. Multiwavelength tissue-mimicking phantoms with tunable vessel pulsation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2023; 28:045003. [PMID: 37077500 PMCID: PMC10109273 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.4.045003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance For the development and routine characterization of optical devices used in medicine, tissue-equivalent phantoms mimicking a broad spectrum of human skin properties are indispensable. Aim Our work aims to develop a tissue-equivalent phantom suitable for photoplethysmography applications. The phantom includes the optical and mechanical properties of the three uppermost human skin layers (dermis, epidermis, and hypodermis, each containing different types of blood vessels) plus the ability to mimic pulsation. Approach While the mechanical properties of the polydimethylsiloxane base material are adjusted by different mixing ratios of a base and curing agent, the optical properties are tuned by adding titanium dioxide particles, India ink, and synthetic melanin in different concentrations. The layered structure of the phantom is realized using a doctor blade technique, and blood vessels are fabricated using molding wires of different diameters. The tissue-mimicking phantom is then integrated into an artificial circulatory system employing piezo-actuated double diaphragm pumps for testing. Results The optical and mechanical properties of human skin were successfully replicated. The diameter of the artificial blood vessels is linearly dependent on pump actuation, and the time-dependent expansion profile of real pulse forms were mimicked. Conclusions A tissue equivalent phantom suitable for the ex-vivo testing of opto-medical devices was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Jenne
- University of Freiburg, Department of Microsystems Engineering—IMTEK, Gisela and Erwin Sick Chair of Micro-Optics, Freiburg, Germany
- Address all correspondence to Sophie Jenne,
| | - Hans Zappe
- University of Freiburg, Department of Microsystems Engineering—IMTEK, Gisela and Erwin Sick Chair of Micro-Optics, Freiburg, Germany
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Herbert R, Elsisy M, Rigo B, Lim HR, Kim H, Choi C, Kim S, Ye SH, Wagner WR, Chun Y, Yeo WH. Fully implantable batteryless soft platforms with printed nanomaterial-based arterial stiffness sensors for wireless continuous monitoring of restenosis in real time. NANO TODAY 2022; 46:101557. [PMID: 36855693 PMCID: PMC9970263 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2022.101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a common cause of coronary artery disease and a significant factor in broader cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death. While implantation of a stent is a prevalent treatment of coronary artery disease, a frequent complication is restenosis, where the stented artery narrows and stiffens. Although early detection of restenosis can be achieved by continuous monitoring, no available device offers such capability without surgeries. Here, we report a fully implantable soft electronic system without batteries and circuits, which still enables continuous wireless monitoring of restenosis in real-time with a set of nanomembrane strain sensors in an electronic stent. The low-profile system requires minimal invasive implantation to deploy the sensors into a blood vessel through catheterization. The entirely printed, nanomaterial-based set of soft membrane strain sensors utilizes a sliding mechanism to offer enhanced sensitivity and detection of low strain while unobtrusively integrating with an inductive stent for passive wireless sensing. The performance of the soft sensor platform is demonstrated by wireless monitoring of restenosis in an artery model and an ex-vivo study in a coronary artery of ovine hearts. The capacitive sensor-based artery implantation system offers unique advantages in wireless, real-time monitoring of stent treatments and arterial health for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Herbert
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Moataz Elsisy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Bruno Rigo
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Hyo-Ryoung Lim
- Major of Human Biocovergence, Division of Smart Healthcare, College of Information Technology and Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Kim
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Chanyeong Choi
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Seungil Kim
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Departments of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Sang-Ho Ye
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Departments of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - William R. Wagner
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Departments of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Youngjae Chun
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Woon-Hong Yeo
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering at the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Institute for Materials, Neural Engineering Center, Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Wang J, Liu K, Sun Q, Ni X, Ai F, Wang S, Yan Z, Liu D. Diaphragm-based optical fiber sensor for pulse wave monitoring and cardiovascular diseases diagnosis. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900084. [PMID: 31219245 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Arterial pulse wave has been considered as a vital sign in assessment of cardiovascular diseases. Noninvasive pulse sensor with compact structure, immunity to electro-magnetic interference and high sensitivity is the research focus in recent years. While, optical fiber biosensor is a competitive option to meet these needs. Here, a diaphragm-based optical fiber pulse sensor was proposed to achieve high-precision radial pulse wave monitoring. A wearable device was developed, composed of a sports wristband and an aluminum diaphragm-based optical fiber sensor tip of only 1 cm in diameter, which was highly sensitive to the weak acoustic signal. In particular, coherent phase detection was adopted to improve detection signal-to-noise ratio, so as to recover the high-fidelity pulse waveforms. A clinical experiment was carried out to detect and morphological analyze the pulse waveforms of four subjects, the results of which preliminarily demonstrated the feasibility of pulse diagnosis method. The proposed pulse fiber sensor provides a comfortable way for pulse diagnosis, which is promising in early cardiovascular diseases indicating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, and National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kewei Liu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, and National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhen Sun
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, and National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Ni
- Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Ai
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, and National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Senmao Wang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, and National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Yan
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, and National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Deming Liu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, and National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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