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Michallek F, Ulas ST, Poddubnyy D, Proft F, Schneider U, Hermann KGA, Dewey M, Diekhoff T. Fractal analysis of perfusion imaging in synovitis: a novel imaging biomarker for grading inflammatory activity based on assessing angiogenesis. RMD Open 2022; 8:rmdopen-2021-002078. [PMID: 35149603 PMCID: PMC8845323 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2021-002078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The mutual and intertwined dependence of inflammation and angiogenesis in synovitis is widely acknowledged. However, no clinically established tool for objective and quantitative assessment of angiogenesis is routinely available. This study establishes fractal analysis as a novel method to quantitatively assess inflammatory activity based on angiogenesis in synovitis. Methods First, we established a pathophysiological framework for synovitis including fractal analysis of software perfusion phantoms, which allowed to derive explainability with a known and controllable reference standard for vascular structure. Second, we acquired MRI datasets of patients with suspected rheumatoid arthritis of the hand, and three imaging experts independently assessed synovitis analogue to Rheumatoid Arthritis MRI Scoring (RAMRIS) criteria. Finally, we performed fractal analysis of dynamic first-pass perfusion MRI in vivo to evaluate angiogenesis in relation to inflammatory activity with RAMRIS as reference standard. Results Fractal dimension (FD) achieved highly significant discriminability for different degrees of inflammatory activity (p<0.01) in software phantoms with known ground-truth of angiogenic structure. FD indicated increasingly chaotic perfusion patterns with increasing grades of inflammatory activity (Spearman’s ρ=0.94, p<0.001). In 36 clinical patients, fractal analysis quantitatively and objectively discriminated individual RAMRIS scores (p≤0.05). Area under the receiver-operating curve was 0.84 (95% CI 0.7 to 0.89) for fractal analysis when considering RAMRIS as ground-truth. Fractal analysis additionally identified angiogenesis in cases where RAMRIS underestimated inflammatory activity. Conclusions Based on angiogenesis and perfusion pathophysiology, fractal analysis non-invasively enables comprehensive, objective and quantitative characterisation of inflammatory angiogenesis with subjective and qualitative RAMRIS as reference standard. Further studies are required to establish the clinical value of fractal analysis for diagnosis, prognostication and therapy monitoring in inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Michallek
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sevtap Tugce Ulas
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denis Poddubnyy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology (including Nutrition Medicine), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Proft
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology (including Nutrition Medicine), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Udo Schneider
- Department of Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kay-Geert A Hermann
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Dewey
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Diekhoff
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Ioussoufovitch S, Cohen DJF, Milej D, Diop M. Compressed sensing time-resolved spectrometer for quantification of light absorbers in turbid media. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:6442-6460. [PMID: 34745748 PMCID: PMC8547999 DOI: 10.1364/boe.433427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved (TR) spectroscopy is well-suited to address the challenges of quantifying light absorbers in highly scattering media such as living tissue; however, current TR spectrometers are either based on expensive array detectors or rely on wavelength scanning. Here, we introduce a TR spectrometer architecture based on compressed sensing (CS) and time-correlated single-photon counting. Using both CS and basis scanning, we demonstrate that-in homogeneous and two-layer tissue-mimicking phantoms made of Intralipid and Indocyanine Green-the CS method agrees with or outperforms uncompressed approaches. Further, we illustrate the superior depth sensitivity of TR spectroscopy and highlight the potential of the device to quantify absorption changes in deeper (>1 cm) tissue layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seva Ioussoufovitch
- Western University, Faculty of Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Collaborative Training Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research, Bone & Joint Institute, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - David Jonathan Fulop Cohen
- Western University, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Department of Medical Biophysics, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Daniel Milej
- Western University, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Department of Medical Biophysics, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, 268 Grosvenor St., London, N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Mamadou Diop
- Western University, Faculty of Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Collaborative Training Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research, Bone & Joint Institute, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Western University, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Department of Medical Biophysics, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5C1, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, 268 Grosvenor St., London, N6A 4V2, Canada
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Ioussoufovitch S, Morrison LB, Desjardins L, Hadway JA, Lawrence KS, Lee TY, Beier F, Diop M. Quantification of joint blood flow by dynamic contrast-enhanced near-infrared spectroscopy: application to monitoring disease activity in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-10. [PMID: 31939225 PMCID: PMC6983648 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.1.015003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Significance Current guidelines for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management recommend early treatment with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). However, DMARD treatment fails in 30% of patients and current monitoring methods can only detect failure after 3 to 6 months of therapy. Aim We investigated whether joint blood flow (BF), quantified using dynamic contrast-enhanced time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy, can monitor disease activity and treatment response in a rat model of RA. Approach Ankle joint BF was measured every 5 days in eight rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) and four healthy controls. Arthritis was allowed to progress for 20 days before rats with AIA were treated with a DMARD once every 5 days until day 40. Results Time and group had separate significant main effects on joint BF; however, there was no significant interaction between time and group despite a notable difference in average joint BF on day 5. Comparison of individual blood flow measures between rats with AIA and control group animals did not reveal a clear response to treatment. Conclusions Joint BF time courses could not distinguish between rats with AIA and study controls. Heterogeneous disease response and low temporal frequency of BF measurements may have been important study limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seva Ioussoufovitch
- Western University, Bone and Joint Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura B. Morrison
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lise Desjardins
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Hadway
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Keith St. Lawrence
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, London, Ontario, Canada
- Western University, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Biophysics, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ting-Yim Lee
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, London, Ontario, Canada
- Western University, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Biophysics, London, Ontario, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Imaging Program, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frank Beier
- Western University, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mamadou Diop
- Western University, Bone and Joint Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, London, Ontario, Canada
- Western University, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Biophysics, London, Ontario, Canada
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van der Putten MA, Brewer JM, Harvey AR. Multispectral oximetry of murine tendon microvasculature with inflammation. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:2896-2905. [PMID: 28663914 PMCID: PMC5480437 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.002896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel multispectral imaging technique for localised measurement of vascular oxygen saturation (SO2) in vivo. Annular back-illumination is generated using a Schwarzchild-design reflective objective. Analysis of multispectral data is performed using a calibration-free oximetry algorithm. This technique is applied to oximetry in mice to measure SO2 in microvasculature supplying inflamed tendon tissue in the hind leg. Average SO2 for controls was 94.8 ± 7.0 % (N = 6), and 84.0 ± 13.5 % for mice with inflamed tendon tissue (N = 6). We believe this to be the first localised measurement of hypoxia in tendon microvasculature due to inflammation. Quantification of localised SO2 is important for the study of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, where hypoxia is thought to play a role in pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James M. Brewer
- Institute for Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ,
UK
| | - Andrew R. Harvey
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ,
UK
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