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Vaughan M, García-Porta N, Tabernero J, Gantes-Nuñez J, Artal P, Pardhan S. Ocular effects of exposure to low-humidity environment with contact lens wear: A pilot study. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2024; 44:718-726. [PMID: 38551074 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the ocular effects of exposure to a low-humidity environment with and without contact lens (CL) wear using various non-invasive tests. METHODS Fourteen habitual soft CL wearers were exposed to controlled low humidity (5% relative humidity [RH]) in an environmental chamber for 90 min on two separate occasions. First, when wearing their habitual spectacles and then, on a separate visit, when wearing silicone hydrogel CLs that were fitted specifically for this purpose. All participants had adapted to the new CL prior to data collection. Three non-invasive objective measurements were taken at each visit: blinking rate, objective ocular scatter (measured using the objective scatter index) and ocular surface cooling rate (measured using a long-wave infrared thermal camera). At each visit, measurements were taken before the exposure in comfortable environmental conditions (RH: 45%), and after exposure to environmental stress (low humidity, RH: 5%). RESULTS CL wearers showed increased blinking rate (p < 0.005) and ocular scatter (p = 0.03) but similar cooling rate of the ocular surface (p = 0.08) when compared with spectacle wear in comfortable environmental conditions. The exposure to low humidity increased the blinking rate significantly with both types of corrections (p = 0.01). Interestingly, ocular scatter (p = 0.96) and cooling rate (p = 0.73) were not significantly different before and after exposure to low humidity. There were no significant two-way interactions between correction and exposure in any of the measurements. CONCLUSIONS CLs significantly increased the blinking rate, which prevented a quick degradation of the tear film integrity as it was refreshed more regularly. It is hypothesised that the increased blinking rate in CL wearers aids in maintaining ocular scatter quality and cooling rate when exposed to a low-humidity environment. These results highlight the importance of blinking in maintaining tear film stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Vaughan
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nery García-Porta
- Applied Physics Department, Optics and Optometry Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
- Institute of Materials (iMATUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
| | - Juan Tabernero
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Electromagnetism and Electronics, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Artal
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Centro de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Campus Espinardo, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Shahina Pardhan
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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Micheletti E, El-Nimri NW, Weinreb RN, Liu JHK. Relative Stability of Regional Facial and Ocular Temperature Measurements in Healthy Individuals. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:15. [PMID: 36580323 PMCID: PMC9804027 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.12.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Non-contact measurement of facial temperature using infrared thermography has been used for mass screening of body temperature during a pandemic. We investigated the relative stability of temperature measurement in different facial regions of healthy individuals. Methods Twenty healthy subjects underwent two experiments. In the first experiment, subjects washed their faces with a 20°C wet towel for 1 minute. Temperature changes compared to baseline in the forehead, cornea, inner canthus, and outer canthus were determined using an infrared camera for 10 minutes. In the second experiment, lubricating eye drops at 20°C were instilled over one eye. Temperature changes in the same regions of interest were monitored for 5 minutes. Results Baseline temperatures before face washing in the forehead and cornea, inner canthus, and outer canthus of the right eye were 33.4°C ± 0.8°C (mean ± SD), 33.3°C ± 0.8°C, 34.3°C ± 0.7°C, and 32.8°C ± 0.7°C, respectively. Reductions in temperature due to face washing were most significant for the forehead and least significant for the cornea. One minute after face washing, the corresponding changes were -2.8°C ± 0.6°C, -0.3°C ± 0.6°C, -0.6°C ± 0.7°C, and -0.9°C ± 0.7°C for the forehead, cornea, inner canthus, and outer canthus, respectively. After administering the eye drops, no significant temperature changes were observed. Conclusions When facial temperature was exogenously cooled, the cornea had the most stable temperature readings. Translational Relevance When using infrared thermography to screen facial temperature, the measurement of corneal temperature is probably a better representative if the stability of temperature readings is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Micheletti
- Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nevin W. El-Nimri
- Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert N. Weinreb
- Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John H. K. Liu
- Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Mucoadhesive brinzolamide-loaded nanofibers for alternative glaucoma treatment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 180:48-62. [PMID: 36167272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advances in the field of pharmaceutical materials and technology, topical administration remains a method of choice for the treatment of eye diseases such as glaucoma, with eye drops being a leading dosage form. Their main disadvantage is a very short drug residence time and thus poor drug bioavailability, leading to the necessity of continuous repeated dosing. Mucoadhesive electrospun nanofibers are promising candidates for overcoming these challenges, while still benefiting from topical ocular administration. As an alternative for eye drops, a nanofibrous drug delivery system (DDS) for the delivery of brinzolamide (BRZ), based on β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and polycaprolactone (PCL), was designed. The results showed β-CD/BRZ guest-host interactions, successful drug incorporation into the nanofibers, and the possibility of more accurate dosing in comparison with the control eye drops. Drug permeation through sheep corneas was almost linear in time, achieving therapeutic concentrations in the receptor medium, and mucoadhesion to sheep eye mucosa was relatively high in case of formulations with high HPC content. All formulations were biocompatible, their mechanical properties were sufficient to handle them without caution and UV irradiation was suitable to reduce bioburden of the fibers matrix, yet no antibacterial properties of BRZ were observed.
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Mansouri K, Gillmann K, Rao HL, Szurman P, Weinreb RN. Measurement of intraocular temperature in glaucoma: week-day and seasonal fluctuations. Br J Ophthalmol 2022:bjophthalmol-2021-320495. [PMID: 35443998 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-320495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate long-term intraocular temperature (IOT) variations in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) using an intraocular telemetric sensor. METHODS This prospective, open-label, multicentre observational study analysed the IOT variations in 22 eyes of 22 patients with POAG. All enrolled patients underwent implantation of an intraocular pressure (IOP) sensor during cataract surgery. The telemetric system uses a built-in temperature sensor to control measured IOP for temperature. Each time a patient measures their IOP, both the IOP and IOT are recorded in the reader device. Patients were instructed to self-measure their IOP as often as desired, but at least four times daily. Recorded readings were retrieved and analysed using mixed effect models and pairwise comparisons using Bonferroni correction to assess the statistical significance of average IOT variations between each individual weekday and calendar month. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 67.8±6.8 years and 36.4% were women. A total of 132 745 readings over 21 102 measurement-days were obtained. On average, IOT was significantly higher on Sundays (34.57°C; 95% CI 34.37 to 34.78) than on any other day of the week (p<0.001). Mean IOT on other weekdays ranged from 34.48°C to 34.51°C. Over the year, IOT followed a clear seasonal pattern, reaching its maximum in July (34.8°C; 95% CI 34.56 to 34.97) and its minimum in January (34.4°C; 95% CI 34.15 to 34.56; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the feasibility of continual and long-term measurement of IOT using intraocular sensors. The results show significant short-term and long-term fluctuations of IOT. Research is warranted to understand the impact of IOT variations on IOP, ocular perfusion and glaucoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaweh Mansouri
- Swiss Visio, Montchoisi Clinic, Glaucoma Research Centre, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland .,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Kevin Gillmann
- Swiss Visio, Montchoisi Clinic, Glaucoma Research Centre, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland.,Glaucoma Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Harsha Laxmana Rao
- Glaucoma, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India.,University Eye Clinic Maastricht, University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Peter Szurman
- Department für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tubingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Robert N Weinreb
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Leshno A, Stern O, Barkana Y, Kapelushnik N, Singer R, Prat DL, Cohen G, Ben-David G, Abrahami D, Huna-Baron R, Skaat A. Ocular surface temperature differences in glaucoma. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:1518-1524. [PMID: 34105387 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211023723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accumulating evidence suggests that neuroinflammation and immune response are part of the sequence of pathological events leading to optic nerve damage in glaucoma. Changes in tissue temperature due to inflammation can be measured by thermographic imaging. We investigated the ocular surface temperature (OST) profile of glaucomatous eyes to better understand the pathophysiology of these conditions. METHODS Subjects diagnosed with glaucoma (primary open angle glaucoma [POAG] or pseudo exfoliation glaucoma [PXFG]) treated at the Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center (11/2019-11/2020.) were recruited. Healthy subjects with no ocular disease served as controls. The Therm-App thermal imaging camera was used for OST acquisition. Room and body temperatures were recorded, and the mean temperatures of the medial cantus, lateral cantus, and cornea were calculated with image processing software. RESULTS Thermographic images were obtained from 52 subjects (52 eyes: 25 POAG and 27 PXFG) and 66 controls (66 eyes). Eyes with glaucoma had a significantly higher OST compared to controls (mean 0.9 ± 0.3°C, p < 0.005). The difference between the two groups remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, intraocular pressure (IOP) and room and body temperatures. Lens status and topical IOP-lowering medication did not significantly affect OST. A subgroup analysis revealed that the OST was higher among eyes with POAG compared to eyes with PXFG, but not significantly. CONCLUSIONS Differences in the OST between glaucomatous and normal eyes strengthens current thinking that inflammation affects the pathophysiology of glaucoma. Longitudinal studies are warranted to establish the prognostic value of thermographic evaluations in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Leshno
- The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Sheba Talpiot Medical Leadership Program
| | - Ori Stern
- The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yaniv Barkana
- The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noa Kapelushnik
- The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Reut Singer
- The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daphna Landau Prat
- The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Sheba Talpiot Medical Leadership Program
| | - Gal Cohen
- The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gil Ben-David
- The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dor Abrahami
- The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ruth Huna-Baron
- The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alon Skaat
- The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Erichev VP, Kosova DV, Kozlova IV. [Thermography of ocular surface tissues in the assessment of aseptic postoperative inflammation]. Vestn Oftalmol 2020; 136:15-18. [PMID: 33084274 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202013606115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the thermographic parameters of ocular surface tissues in various types of anti-glaucoma operations. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 70 patients with glaucoma (140 eyes) and 28 patients (56 eyes) with cataract and planned phacoemulsification. All patients underwent dynamic infrared thermography of the eye surface to evaluate the aseptic inflammatory response before and after surgery. RESULTS The increase in the temperature of the ocular surface tissues was longer after penetrating glaucoma surgery than after the non-penetrating type, which indicates a more prolonged inflammatory aseptic reaction in response to surgical intervention. CONCLUSION The obtained results allow the development of a rational tactic of preoperative drug preparation and more effective postoperative management.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Erichev
- Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Kosova
- Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Kozlova
- Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
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7
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Bertens CJF, Martino C, van Osch MC, Lataster A, Dias AJAA, van den Biggelaar FJHM, Tuinier R, Nuijts RMMA, Gijs M. Design of the ocular coil, a new device for non-invasive drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 150:120-130. [PMID: 32173602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Eye drops and ointments are the most prescribed methods for ocular drug delivery. However, due to low drug bioavailability, rapid drug elimination, and low patient compliance there is a need for improved ophthalmic drug delivery systems. This study provides insights into the design of a new drug delivery device that consists of an ocular coil filled with ketorolac loaded PMMA microspheres. Nine different ocular coils were created, ranging in wire diameter and coiled outer diameter. Based on its microsphere holding capacity and flexibility, one type of ocular coil was selected and used for further experiments. No escape of microspheres was observed after bending the ocular coil at curvature which reflect the in vivo situation in human upon positioning in the lower conjunctival sac. Shape behavior and tissue contact were investigated by computed tomography imaging after inserting the ocular coil in the lower conjunctival fornix of a human cadaver. Thanks to its high flexibility, the ocular coil bends along the circumference of the eye. Because of its location deep in the fornix, it appears unlikely that in vivo, the ocular coil will interfere with eye movements. In vitro drug release experiments demonstrate the potential of the ocular coil as sustained drug delivery device for the eye. We developed PMMA microspheres with a 26.5 ± 0.3 wt% ketorolac encapsulation efficiency. After 28 days, 69.9% ± 5.6% of the loaded ketorolac was released from the ocular coil when tested in an in vitro lacrimal system. In the first three days high released dose (48.7% ± 5.4%) was observed, followed by a more gradually release of ketorolac. Hence, the ocular coil seems a promising carrier for ophthalmic drugs delivery in the early postoperative time period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J F Bertens
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht University, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Chemelot Institute for Science and Technology (InSciTe), Gaetano Martinolaan 63-65, 6229 GS Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Chiara Martino
- Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), Department of Chemical Engineering & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (icms) and Chemistry, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Chemelot Institute for Science and Technology (InSciTe), Gaetano Martinolaan 63-65, 6229 GS Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marty C van Osch
- Maastricht University, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Chemelot Institute for Science and Technology (InSciTe), Gaetano Martinolaan 63-65, 6229 GS Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Arno Lataster
- Maastricht University, Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Aylvin J A A Dias
- Chemelot Institute for Science and Technology (InSciTe), Gaetano Martinolaan 63-65, 6229 GS Maastricht, the Netherlands; Eyegle bv., Gerbergaplantsoen 11, 6226 DR Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Frank J H M van den Biggelaar
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht University, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Chemelot Institute for Science and Technology (InSciTe), Gaetano Martinolaan 63-65, 6229 GS Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Remco Tuinier
- Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), Department of Chemical Engineering & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (icms) and Chemistry, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Rudy M M A Nuijts
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht University, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Chemelot Institute for Science and Technology (InSciTe), Gaetano Martinolaan 63-65, 6229 GS Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marlies Gijs
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht University, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Chemelot Institute for Science and Technology (InSciTe), Gaetano Martinolaan 63-65, 6229 GS Maastricht, the Netherlands
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García-Porta N, Gantes-Nuñez FJ, Tabernero J, Pardhan S. Characterization of the ocular surface temperature dynamics in glaucoma subjects using long-wave infrared thermal imaging: publisher's note. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2019; 36:1584. [PMID: 31503854 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.36.001584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This publisher's note corrects the funding section in J. Opt. Soc. Am. A36, 1015 (2019)JOAOD61084-752910.1364/JOSAA.36.001015.
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