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De la Torre I MH, Mendoza Santoyo F, Flores M JM, Hernandez-M MDS. Gabor's holography: seven decades influencing optics [Invited]. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:B225-B236. [PMID: 35201144 DOI: 10.1364/ao.443556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dennis Gabor's seminal idea of a simple all-optical setup aimed at reconstructing the object wavefront stored on a photographic plate gave birth a little over seven decades ago to the field of holography. In 1971 Gabor obtained the Nobel Prize in Physics for this invention. Still, the road in the early days after his two first papers on the subject was one full of obstacles, so his scientific and engineering contemporaries put his idea to rest for more than 10 years, until the invention of the laser. This fact made his holographic concept take off to new and unsuspected applications. This invited review paper is a homage to Dennis Gabor's 50th anniversary of his Nobel Prize accolade. For this purpose, the review departs from the typical common route, i.e., those written following a timeline fashion, and instead is written with the intent to cover only a few of the holography applications in optics while scanning the electromagnetic spectrum. In doing this, the authors are aware that other invited papers for this special issue will tackle other subjects not dealt with in this review non-timeline paper.
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Hagemann J, Vassholz M, Hoeppe H, Osterhoff M, Rosselló JM, Mettin R, Seiboth F, Schropp A, Möller J, Hallmann J, Kim C, Scholz M, Boesenberg U, Schaffer R, Zozulya A, Lu W, Shayduk R, Madsen A, Schroer CG, Salditt T. Single-pulse phase-contrast imaging at free-electron lasers in the hard X-ray regime. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2021; 28:52-63. [PMID: 33399552 PMCID: PMC7842230 DOI: 10.1107/s160057752001557x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) have opened up unprecedented opportunities for time-resolved nano-scale imaging with X-rays. Near-field propagation-based imaging, and in particular near-field holography (NFH) in its high-resolution implementation in cone-beam geometry, can offer full-field views of a specimen's dynamics captured by single XFEL pulses. To exploit this capability, for example in optical-pump/X-ray-probe imaging schemes, the stochastic nature of the self-amplified spontaneous emission pulses, i.e. the dynamics of the beam itself, presents a major challenge. In this work, a concept is presented to address the fluctuating illumination wavefronts by sampling the configuration space of SASE pulses before an actual recording, followed by a principal component analysis. This scheme is implemented at the MID (Materials Imaging and Dynamics) instrument of the European XFEL and time-resolved NFH is performed using aberration-corrected nano-focusing compound refractive lenses. Specifically, the dynamics of a micro-fluidic water-jet, which is commonly used as sample delivery system at XFELs, is imaged. The jet exhibits rich dynamics of droplet formation in the break-up regime. Moreover, pump-probe imaging is demonstrated using an infrared pulsed laser to induce cavitation and explosion of the jet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hagemann
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron – DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malte Vassholz
- Institute for X-ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hannes Hoeppe
- Institute for X-ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Osterhoff
- Institute for X-ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Juan M. Rosselló
- Third Institute of Physics, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert Mettin
- Third Institute of Physics, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Seiboth
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron – DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schropp
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron – DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Möller
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Jörg Hallmann
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Chan Kim
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Ulrike Boesenberg
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Robert Schaffer
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Alexey Zozulya
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Wei Lu
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Roman Shayduk
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Anders Madsen
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Christian G. Schroer
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron – DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department Physik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Salditt
- Institute for X-ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Zürch M, Spielmann C. Extreme ultraviolet digital in-line holography using a tabletop source. APPLIED OPTICS 2015; 54:5992-5997. [PMID: 26193143 DOI: 10.1364/ao.54.005992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Digital in-line holography (DIH) offers fast, lensless, and aberration-free imaging with diffraction-limited resolution and inherently combines phase- and amplitude-contrast imaging, as well as three-dimensional imaging. Extending this technique to shorter wavelengths allows increasing the achievable spatial and phase-contrast resolution, as well as accessing material parameters not accessible in the optical domain. In this paper, we report on DIH experiments conducted with a coherent tabletop ultrafast high harmonic source operated at 38 nm wavelength. Applying a twin-image-free reconstruction scheme optimized for highly absorbing samples, we were able to demonstrate the phase-contrast imaging of silicon nitride sheets of 15 nm thickness and the use of the strong absorption of extreme ultraviolet in matter for amplitude-contrast imaging of thin films with spatial resolution below 1 μm. High-resolution morphology determination in combination with phase-contrast imaging is of special importance in thin-film characterization and applications arising thereof.
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Heine R, Gorniak T, Nisius T, Christophis C, Pettitt M, Staier F, Wilhein T, Rehbein S, Grunze M, Rosenhahn A. Digital in-line X-ray holography with zone plates. Ultramicroscopy 2011; 111:1131-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gorniak T, Heine R, Mancuso AP, Staier F, Christophis C, Pettitt ME, Sakdinawat A, Treusch R, Guerassimova N, Feldhaus J, Gutt C, Grübel G, Eisebitt S, Beyer A, Gölzhäuser A, Weckert E, Grunze M, Vartanyants IA, Rosenhahn A. X-ray holographic microscopy with zone plates applied to biological samples in the water window using 3rd harmonic radiation from the free-electron laser FLASH. OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 19:11059-11070. [PMID: 21716334 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.011059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The imaging of hydrated biological samples - especially in the energy window of 284-540 eV, where water does not obscure the signal of soft organic matter and biologically relevant elements - is of tremendous interest for life sciences. Free-electron lasers can provide highly intense and coherent pulses, which allow single pulse imaging to overcome resolution limits set by radiation damage. One current challenge is to match both the desired energy and the intensity of the light source. We present the first images of dehydrated biological material acquired with 3rd harmonic radiation from FLASH by digital in-line zone plate holography as one step towards the vision of imaging hydrated biological material with photons in the water window. We also demonstrate the first application of ultrathin molecular sheets as suitable substrates for future free-electron laser experiments with biological samples in the form of a rat fibroblast cell and marine biofouling bacteria Cobetia marina.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gorniak
- Applied Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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