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Garbacik ET, Korterik JP, Otto C, Herek JL, Offerhaus HL. Epi-detection of vibrational phase contrast coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:5814-5817. [PMID: 25361092 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.005814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a system for the phase-resolved epi-detection of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) signals in highly scattering and/or thick samples. With this setup, we measure the complex vibrational responses of multiple components in a thick, highly-scattering pharmaceutical tablet in real time and verify that the epi- and forward-detected information are in very good agreement.
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Alfonso-García A, Mittal R, Lee ES, Potma EO. Biological imaging with coherent Raman scattering microscopy: a tutorial. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:71407. [PMID: 24615671 PMCID: PMC4019423 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.7.071407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Coherent Raman scattering (CRS) microscopy is gaining acceptance as a valuable addition to the imaging toolset of biological researchers. Optimal use of this label-free imaging technique benefits from a basic understanding of the physical principles and technical merits of the CRS microscope. This tutorial offers qualitative explanations of the principles behind CRS microscopy and provides information about the applicability of this nonlinear optical imaging approach for biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richa Mittal
- University of California, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Eun Seong Lee
- Center for Nano-Bio Technology, Division of Convergence Technology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, 1 Doryong-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric O. Potma
- University of California, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California 92697
- Address all correspondence to: Eric O. Potma, E-mail:
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Moore Tibbetts K, Xing X, Rabitz H. Exploring control landscapes for laser-driven molecular fragmentation. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:144201. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4824153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Garbacik ET, Korterik JP, Otto C, Mukamel S, Herek JL, Offerhaus HL. Background-free nonlinear microspectroscopy with vibrational molecular interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:253902. [PMID: 22243075 PMCID: PMC3725272 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.253902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a method for performing nonlinear microspectroscopy that provides an intuitive and unified description of the various signal contributions, and allows the direct extraction of the vibrational response. Three optical fields create a pair of Stokes Raman pathways that interfere in the same vibrational state. Frequency modulating one of the fields leads to amplitude modulations on all of the fields. This vibrational molecular interferometry technique allows imaging at high speed free of nonresonant background, and is able to distinguish between electronic and vibrational contributions to the total signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik T. Garbacik
- Optical Sciences Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen P. Korterik
- Optical Sciences Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Otto
- Medical Cell BioPhysics Group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Herek
- Optical Sciences Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Herman L. Offerhaus
- Optical Sciences Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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Strachan CJ, Windbergs M, Offerhaus HL. Pharmaceutical applications of non-linear imaging. Int J Pharm 2011; 417:163-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Mukamel S, Biggs JD. Communication: Comment on the effective temporal and spectral resolution of impulsive stimulated Raman signals. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:161101. [PMID: 21528943 DOI: 10.1063/1.3581889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A compact correlation-function expression for time-resolved stimulated Raman signals, generated by combining a spectrally narrow (picosecond) with a broad (femtosecond) pulse, is derived using a closed time path loop diagrammatic technique that represents forward and backward time evolution of the vibrational wave function. We show that even though the external spectral and temporal parameters of the pulses may be independently controlled, the effective temporal and spectral resolution of the experiment may not exceed the fundamental bandwidth limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA.
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van Rhijn ACW, Jafarpour A, Jurna M, Offerhaus HL, Herek JL. Coherent control of vibrational transitions: discriminating molecules in mixtures. Faraday Discuss 2011; 153:227-35; discussion 293-319. [PMID: 22452083 DOI: 10.1039/c1fd00040c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Identifying complex molecules often entails detection of multiple vibrational resonances, especially in the case of mixtures. Phase shaping of broadband pump and probe pulses allows for the coherent superposition of several resonances, such that specific molecules can be detected directly and with high selectivity. Our particular implementation of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy and imaging employs broadband pump and probe fields in combination with a narrowband Stokes field. We describe our approach for combining spectral phase shaping and closed-loop optimization strategies to perform chemically-selective microscopy. To predict the optimal excitation profile we employ evolutionary algorithms that use the vibrational phase responses of five distinct molecules with overlapping resonances and investigate the effect of phase instability on the optimization. We have recently shown that modified polynomials and orthogonal rational functions can give rise to improved contours for CARS fitness landscapes. Now, by considering the landscapes associated with different basis sets, we introduce two figures of merit to quantitatively rank basis functions in terms of their "appropriateness" for modeling nonlinear phase-shaped processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C W van Rhijn
- Optical Sciences group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology (TNW), University of Twente, The Netherlands
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Jurna M, Garbacik ET, Korterik JP, Herek JL, Otto C, Offerhaus HL. Visualizing Resonances in the Complex Plane with Vibrational Phase Contrast Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering. Anal Chem 2010; 82:7656-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101453s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jurna
- Optical Sciences, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands, and Medical Cell BioPhysics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Erik T. Garbacik
- Optical Sciences, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands, and Medical Cell BioPhysics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen P. Korterik
- Optical Sciences, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands, and Medical Cell BioPhysics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer L. Herek
- Optical Sciences, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands, and Medical Cell BioPhysics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Otto
- Optical Sciences, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands, and Medical Cell BioPhysics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Herman L. Offerhaus
- Optical Sciences, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands, and Medical Cell BioPhysics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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