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Chau YFC, Chang HE, Huang PS, Wu PC, Lim CM, Chiang LM, Wang TJ, Chao CTC, Kao TS, Shih MH, Chiang HP. Enhanced photoluminescence and shortened lifetime of DCJTB by photoinduced metal deposition on a ferroelectric lithography substrate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6173. [PMID: 35418622 PMCID: PMC9007977 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10303-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The photodeposition of metallic nanostructures onto ferroelectric surfaces could enable new applications based on the assembly of molecules and patterning local surface reactivity by enhancing surface field intensity. DCJTB (4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-t-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4H-pyran) is an excellent fluorescent dye and dopant material with a high quantum efficiency used for OLED displays on the market. However, how to raise the photoluminescence (PL) and reduce the lifetime of DCJTB in a substrate remain extraordinary challenges for its application. Here, we demonstrate a tunable ferroelectric lithography plasmon-enhanced substrate to generate photo-reduced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and achieve enhanced PL with a shortened lifetime depending on the substrate's annealing time. The enhanced PL with shortened lifetimes can attribute to the localized electromagnetic (EM) wave produced by the nanotextured AgNPs layers' surface and gap plasmon resonances. The simulation is based on the three-dimensional finite element method to explain the mechanism of experimental results. Since the absorption increases, the remarkable enhanced PL of DCJTB can attain in the fabricated periodically proton exchanged (PPE) lithium niobate (LiNbO3) substrate. Furthermore, the proposed fabrication method demonstrates to help tune the surface EM wave distribution in the substrate, which can simultaneously achieve the significantly shortened lifetime and high PL intensity of DCJTB in the substrate. Compared with the un-annealed substrate, the PL intensity of DCJTB in the assembly metallic nanostructures is enhanced 13.70 times, and the PL's lifetime is reduced by 12.50%, respectively. Thus, the fabricated substrate can be a promising candidate, verifying chemically patterned ferroelectrics' satisfaction as a PL-active substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Fong Chou Chau
- Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Hao-En Chang
- Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Sheng Huang
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pin Chieh Wu
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chee Ming Lim
- Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Li-Ming Chiang
- Department of Photonics & Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzyy-Jiann Wang
- Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Ting Chou Chao
- Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsung Sheng Kao
- Department of Photonics & Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Min-Hsiung Shih
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hai-Pang Chiang
- Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202, Taiwan, ROC.
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Fabrication and Characterization of a Metallic-Dielectric Nanorod Array by Nanosphere Lithography for Plasmonic Sensing Application. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9121691. [PMID: 31779222 PMCID: PMC6956078 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a periodic metallic–dielectric nanorod array which consists of Si nanorods coated with 30 nm Ag thin film set in a hexagonal configuration is fabricated and characterized. The fabrication procedure is performed by using nanosphere lithography with reactive ion etching, followed by Ag thin-film deposition. The mechanism of the surface and gap plasmon modes supported by the fabricated structure is numerically demonstrated by the three-dimensional finite element method. The measured and simulated absorptance spectra are observed to have a same trend and a qualitative fit. Our fabricated plasmonic sensor shows an average sensitivity of 340.0 nm/RIU when applied to a refractive index sensor ranging from 1.0 to 1.6. The proposed substrates provide a practical plasmonic nanorod-based sensing platform, and the fabrication methods used are technically effective and low-cost.
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Liaw JW, Wu HY, Huang CC, Kuo MK. Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence of Silver Island Associated with Silver Nanoparticle. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:26. [PMID: 26779917 PMCID: PMC4715017 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1247-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The coupling plasmon of a hybrid nanostructure, silver island (SI) associated with silver nanoparticle (SNP), on metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) was studied theoretically. We used the multiple multipole method to analyze the plasmon-mediated enhancement factor on the fluorescence of a molecule immobilized on SNP and located in the gap zone between SI and SNP; herein, the SI was modeled as an oblate spheroid. Numerical results show that the enhancement factor of the hybrid nanostructure is higher than that of a SNP or a SI alone due to the coupled gap mode. This finding is in agreement with the previous experimental results. In addition, the plasmon band of the structure is broadband and tunable, which can be red-shifted and broadened by flattening or enlarging SI. Based on this property, the hybrid nanostructure can be tailored to obtain the optimal enhancement factor on a specific molecule according to its excitation spectrum. Moreover, we found that there is an induced optical force allowing SNP be attracted by SI. Consequently, the gap is reduced gradually to perform a stronger MEF effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiunn-Woei Liaw
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
- Medical Physics Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yu Wu
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chuan Huang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Kuen Kuo
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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Chou Chau YF, Chou Chao CT, Rao JY, Chiang HP, Lim CM, Lim RC, Voo NY. Tunable Optical Performances on a Periodic Array of Plasmonic Bowtie Nanoantennas with Hollow Cavities. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:411. [PMID: 27644237 PMCID: PMC5028369 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1636-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We propose a design method to tune the near-field intensities and absorption spectra of a periodic array of plasmonic bowtie nanoantennas (PBNAs) by introducing the hollow cavities inside the metal nanostructures. The numerical method is performed by finite element method that demonstrates the engineered hollow PBNAs can tune the optical spectrum in the range of 400-3000 nm. Simulation results show the hollow number is a key factor for enhancing the cavity plasmon resonance with respect to the hotspot region in PBNAs. The design efforts primarily concentrate on shifting the operation wavelength and enhancing the local fields by manipulating the filling dielectric medium, outline film thickness, and hollow number in PBNAs. Such characteristics indicate that the proposed hollow PBNAs can be a potential candidate for plasmonic enhancers and absorbers in multifunctional opto-electronic biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Fong Chou Chau
- Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Negara Brunei Darussalam
| | | | - Jhin-Yu Rao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chien Hsin University of Science and Technology, No. 229, Jianxing Rd, Zhongli City, Taoyuan County, 32097, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Pang Chiang
- Institute of Optoelectronic Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202, Taiwan.
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Chee Ming Lim
- Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Negara Brunei Darussalam
| | - Ren Chong Lim
- Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Negara Brunei Darussalam
| | - Nyuk Yoong Voo
- Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Negara Brunei Darussalam
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Huang HJ, Zhen SY, Li PY, Tzeng SD, Chiang HP. Confined migration of induced hot electrons in Ag/graphene/TiO 2 composite nanorods for plasmonic photocatalytic reaction. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:15603-15608. [PMID: 27410833 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.015603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Confined migration of hot electrons is presented in nanorods of layered Ag/graphene/TiO2 structure for highly efficient plasmonic photocatalytic water treatment. The light-illuminating titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanorods provide a large amount of high-energy hot electrons for the generation of highly-active superoxide radical (*O2 -) that leads to the degradation of organics in water. Comparison between photocatalytic processing efficiency by photocatalysts with various composite materials were presented based on the preferred propagation path of induced hot electrons that leads to generation of *O2 -. The best results done by Ag/graphene/TiO2 nanorods showed that the sandwiched layer of graphene on TiO2 nanorods collects the induced hot electrons and results in high efficiency photocatalytic reaction.
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Fateixa S, Nogueira HIS, Trindade T. Hybrid nanostructures for SERS: materials development and chemical detection. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:21046-71. [PMID: 25960180 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01032b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on recent developments in hybrid and nanostructured substrates for SERS (surface-enhanced Raman scattering) studies. Thus substrates composed of at least two distinct types of materials, in which one is a SERS active metal, are considered here aiming at their use as platforms for chemical detection in a variety of contexts. Fundamental aspects related to the SERS effect and plasmonic behaviour of nanometals are briefly introduced. The materials described include polymer nanocomposites containing metal nanoparticles and coupled inorganic nanophases. Chemical approaches to tailor the morphological features of these substrates in order to get high SERS activity are reviewed. Finally, some perspectives for practical applications in the context of chemical detection of analytes using such hybrid platforms are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fateixa
- Department of Chemistry-CICECO University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Tseng ML, Chang CM, Cheng BH, Wu PC, Chung KS, Hsiao MK, Huang HW, Huang DW, Chiang HP, Leung PT, Tsai DP. Multi-level surface enhanced Raman scattering using AgOx thin film. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:24460-24467. [PMID: 24150290 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.024460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ag nanostructures with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activities have been fabricated by applying laser-direct writing (LDW) technique on silver oxide (AgOx) thin films. By controlling the laser powers, multi-level Raman imaging of organic molecules adsorbed on the nanostructures has been observed. This phenomenon is further investigated by atomic-force microscopy and electromagnetic calculation. The SERS-active nanostructure is also fabricated on transparent and flexible substrate to demonstrate our promising strategy for the development of novel and low-cost sensing chip.
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