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Chen S, Niu R, Gao Y, Zhou W, Liu K, Wang Y, Song Y, Zhang X. Ultrafast nonlinear absorption with multiple transformations and transient dynamics of gold nanobipyramids. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:47485-47496. [PMID: 36558676 DOI: 10.1364/oe.468299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The process and condition of saturable absorption (SA) and reverse saturable absorption (RSA) of ultrafast nonlinear optics in metal nanoparticles are essential for applications including light generation, amplification, modulation, and switching. Here, we first discover and explore the multiple transformations (SA-RSA-SA) of ultrafast nonlinear absorption behavior of metal nanoparticles in femtosecond pulses. Correspondingly, the energy level model and fitting formula of multiple transformations are established to illustrate the process of optical response. The femtosecond transient absorption spectra provide information about their ultrafast dynamics process and vibrational mode, which further reveals the multiple transformation mechanisms of nonlinear absorption in gold nanobipyramids (Au-NBPs). Furthermore, Au-NBPs exhibit a significantly higher SA modulation depth up to 42% in the femtosecond, which is much higher than the reported values of other nanomaterials. Our results indicate that Au-NBPs can be used as broadband ultrafast Q-switching and mode-locking, and the conversion offers new opportunities for metal nanostructures in applications of optical switching.
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Zhang B, Sato R, Tanaka M, Takeda Y. Spectral dependence of third-order susceptibility of Au triangular nanoplates. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13855. [PMID: 32807869 PMCID: PMC7431854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We experimentally investigated the spectral dependence of the third-order susceptibility [Formula: see text] of Au triangular nanoplates in a broad wavelength region (400-1,000 nm). Complex shaped plasmonic nanoparticles provide a promising route to achieve control of their optical properties at the nanoscale. However, little is known about the effects of geometrical parameters to the optical nonlinearities and underlying mechanisms of the plasmon modes. Here, we obtained the [Formula: see text] of Au triangular nanoplates featuring a narrow plasmon resonance that is tunable in the visible and near-IR regions. This work demonstrates that the plasmonic triangular nanoplates simultaneously shows self-focusing and -defocusing, and saturable and reverse-saturable absorption properties at specific wavelength regions. Maximum amplitudes of real and imaginary components are - 6.8 × 10-18 m2/V2 at 668 nm and - 6.7 × 10-18 m2/V2 at 646 nm, respectively. Spectral dependence of the quantity [Formula: see text] enables comparison between different shaped plasmonic NPs to boost active plasmonic applications performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyi Zhang
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan. .,Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute of Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0003, Japan.
| | - Rodrigo Sato
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute of Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0003, Japan
| | - Miyoko Tanaka
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute of Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0003, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Takeda
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan. .,Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute of Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0003, Japan.
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Wang X, Yao L, Chen X, Dai H, Wang M, Zhang L, Ni Y, Xiao L, Han JB. Gap-Induced Giant Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity and Long Electron Relaxation Time in Random-Distributed Gold Nanorod Arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:32469-32474. [PMID: 31409071 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The third-order optical nonlinearities and the hot electron relaxation time (τ) of random-distributed gold nanorods arrays on glass (R-GNRA) have been investigated by using Z-scan and optical Kerr effect (OKE) techniques. Large third-order optical susceptibility (χ(3)) with the value of 2.5 × 10-6 esu has been obtained around the plamsonic resonance peak under the excitation power intensity of 0.1 GW/cm2. Further decrease of the excitation power intensity down to 0.3 MW/cm2 will lead to the significant increase of χ(3) up to 6.4 × 10-4 esu. The OKE results show that the relaxation time of R-GNRA around the plasmonic peak is 13.9 ± 0.4 ps, which is more than 4 times longer than those of the individual gold nanostructures distributed in water solutions. The Finite-difference time domain simulations demonstrate that this large enhancement of χ(3) and slow down of τ are caused by the gap-induced large local field enhancement of GNRs dimers in R-GNRA. These significant results offer great opportunities for plasmonic nanostructures in applications of photonic and photocatalytic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics , Wenhua College , Wuhan 430074 , P. R. China
| | - Linhua Yao
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaodie Chen
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Dai
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , P. R. China
| | - Mingshan Wang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , P. R. China
| | - Luman Zhang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , P. R. China
| | - Yun Ni
- School of Mathematics and Physics , Wenhua College , Wuhan 430074 , P. R. China
| | - Lixia Xiao
- School of Mathematics and Physics , Wenhua College , Wuhan 430074 , P. R. China
| | - Jun-Bo Han
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , P. R. China
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Chen S, Niu R, Wu W, Kong D, Gao Y. Wavelength-dependent nonlinear absorption and ultrafast dynamics process of Au triangular nanoprisms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:18146-18156. [PMID: 31252762 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.018146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The nonlinear absorption and ultrafast dynamics process of Au triangular nanoprisms were investigated by using broadband (ranging from 550 to 700 nm) nanosecond Z-scan measurements and femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption spectrum, respectively. We found that Au triangular nanoprisms exhibit saturation absorption (SA) at low excitation intensities. With the increase of incident intensity, a switch from SA to reverse saturation absorption (RSA) occurs. Photo-dynamics process was found to be a double-exponential energy relaxation with a fast and a slow decay component. Interestingly, when probe wavelength is away from the plasma resonance peak, the decay of relaxation also shows the modulation due to the vibration mode of the coherent excitation.
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Yao LH, Zhang JP, Dai HW, Wang MS, Zhang LM, Wang X, Han JB. Plasmon-enhanced versatile optical nonlinearities in a Au-Ag-Au multi-segmental hybrid structure. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:12695-12703. [PMID: 29946608 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02938e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A Au-Ag-Au multi-segmental hybrid structure has been synthesized by using an electrodeposition method based on an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane. The third-order optical nonlinearities, second harmonic generation (SHG) and photoluminescence (PL) properties containing ultrafast supercontinuum generation and plasmon mediated thermal emission have been investigated. Significant optical enhancements have been obtained near surface plasmon resonance wavelength in all the abovementioned nonlinear processes. Comparative studies between the Au-Ag-Au multi-segmental hybrid structure and the corresponding single-component Au and Ag hybrid structures demonstrate that the Au-Ag-Au multi-segmental hybrid structure has much larger optical nonlinearities than its counterparts. These results demonstrate that the Au-Ag-Au hybrid structure is a promising candidate for applications in plasmonic devices and enhancement substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hua Yao
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and Department of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China.
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Wu J, Xiang D, Hajisalem G, Lin FC, Huang JS, Kuo CH, Gordon R. Probing the acoustic vibrations of complex-shaped metal nanoparticles with four-wave mixing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:23747-23754. [PMID: 27828211 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.023747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We probe the acoustic vibrations of silver nanoprisms and gold nano-octahedrons in aqueous solution with four-wave mixing. The nonlinear optical response shows two acoustic vibrational modes: an in-plane mode of nanoprisms with vertexial expansion and contraction; an extensional mode of nano-octahedrons with longitudinal expansion and transverse contraction. The particles were also analyzed with electron microscopy and the acoustic resonance frequencies were then calculated by the finite element analysis, showing good agreement with experimental observations. The experimental mode frequencies also fit with theoretical approximations, which show an inverse dependence of the mode frequency on the edge length, for both nanoprisms and nano-octahedrons. This technique is promising for in situ monitoring of colloidal growth.
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Ma ZW, Chi C, Yu Y, Zhong ZQ, Yao LH, Zhou ZK, Wang X, Han YB, Han JB. Near-UV-enhanced broad-band large third-order optical nonlinearity in aluminum nanorod array film with sub-10 nm gaps. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:5387-5394. [PMID: 29092362 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.005387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures with sub-10 nm gaps possess intense electric field enhancements, leading to their high reputation for exploring various functional applications at nanoscale. Till now, although large amounts of efforts have been devoted into investigation of such structures, few works were emphased on the nonlinear optical properties in near-ultraviolet (UV) region. Here, by combining sputtering technique and an optimized anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template growing method, we obtain aluminum (Al) nanorod array film (NRAF) with average rod diameter and gap size of 50 and 7 nm, respectively. The Al-NRAF exhibits large third-order optical nonlinear susceptibility (χ(3)) and high figure of merit (χ(3)/α) over a broad wavelength range from 360 to 900 nm, and reaches their maximums at the shortest measured wavelength. In addition, comparisons with Au-NRAF and Ag-NRAF samples further confirm that Al-NRAF has better nonlinear optical properties in the blue and near-UV wavelength regions. These results indicate that Al nanostructures are promising candidates for nonlinear plasmonic applications at blue and near-UV wavelengths.
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Fan G, Han Y, Luo S, Li Y, Qu S, Wang Q, Gao R, Chen M, Han M. Mechanism for the photoreduction of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) to HAuCl4 and the dominating saturable absorption of Au colloids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:8993-9004. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04382d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Au nanoparticles are controllably photo-fabricated in ethanol by using poly(vinylpyrrolidone) as both reducing and protective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghua Fan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
- Department of Optoelectronic Science
| | - Yanhua Han
- Department of Optoelectronic Science
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai 264209
- China
| | - Suilian Luo
- School of Chemistry and Environment
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510000
- China
| | - Yutong Li
- Department of Optoelectronic Science
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai 264209
- China
| | - Shiliang Qu
- Department of Optoelectronic Science
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai 264209
- China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Optoelectronic Science
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai 264209
- China
| | - Renxi Gao
- Department of Optoelectronic Science
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai 264209
- China
| | - Minrui Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
| | - Min Han
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
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Zhou ZK, Xue J, Zheng Z, Li J, Ke Y, Yu Y, Han JB, Xie W, Deng S, Chen H, Wang X. A centimeter-scale sub-10 nm gap plasmonic nanorod array film as a versatile platform for enhancing light-matter interactions. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:15392-15403. [PMID: 26335388 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03960f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Strongly coupled plasmonic nanostructures with sub-10 nm gaps can enable intense electric field enhancements which greatly benefit the various light-matter interactions. From the point view of practical applications, such nanostructures should be of low-cost, facile fabrication and processing, large-scale with high-yield of the ultrasmall gaps, and easy for integration with other functional components. However, nowadays techniques for reliable fabrication of these nanostructures usually involve complex, time-consuming, and expensive lithography procedures, which are limited either by their low-throughput or the small areas obtained. On the other hand, so far most of the studies on the sub-10 nm gap nanostructures mainly focused on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering and high-harmonic generations, while leaving other nonlinear optical properties unexplored. In this work, using a scalable process without any lithography procedures, we demonstrated a centimeter-scale ordered plasmonic nanorod array film (PNRAF) with well-defined sub-10 nm interparticle gaps as a versatile platform for strongly enhanced light-matter interactions. Specifically, we showed that due to its plasmon-induced localized electromagnetic field enhancements, the Au PNRAF could exhibit extraordinary intrinsic multi-photon avalanche luminescence (MAPL) and nonlinear saturable absorption (SA). Furthermore, the PNRAF can be easily integrated with semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs) as well as wide bandgap semiconductors to strongly enhance their fluorescence and photocurrent response, respectively. Our method can be easily generalized to nanorod array films consisting of other plasmonic metals and even semiconductor materials, which can have multiple functionalities derived from different materials. Overall, the findings in our study have offered a potential strategy for design and fabrication of nanostructures with ultrasmall gaps for future photonic and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Kai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangzhou, China
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Controlling wave-vector of propagating surface plasmon polaritons on single-crystalline gold nanoplates. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13424. [PMID: 26302955 PMCID: PMC4548230 DOI: 10.1038/srep13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) propagating at metal nanostructures play an important role in breaking the diffraction limit. Chemically synthesized single-crystalline metal nanoplates with atomically flat surfaces provide favorable features compared with traditional polycrystalline metal films. The excitation and propagation of leaky SPPs on micrometer sized (10-20 μm) and thin (30 nm) gold nanoplates are investigated utilizing leakage radiation microscopy. By varying polarization and excitation positions of incident light on apexes of nanoplates, wave-vector (including propagation constant and propagation direction) distributions of leaky SPPs in Fourier planes can be controlled, indicating tunable SPP propagation. These results hold promise for potential development of chemically synthesized single-crystalline metal nanoplates as plasmonic platforms in future applications.
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