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Lummen TTA, Lamb RJ, Berruto G, LaGrange T, Dal Negro L, García de Abajo FJ, McGrouther D, Barwick B, Carbone F. Imaging and controlling plasmonic interference fields at buried interfaces. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13156. [PMID: 27725670 PMCID: PMC5062594 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Capturing and controlling plasmons at buried interfaces with nanometre and femtosecond resolution has yet to be achieved and is critical for next generation plasmonic devices. Here we use light to excite plasmonic interference patterns at a buried metal–dielectric interface in a nanostructured thin film. Plasmons are launched from a photoexcited array of nanocavities and their propagation is followed via photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM). The resulting movie directly captures the plasmon dynamics, allowing quantification of their group velocity at ∼0.3 times the speed of light, consistent with our theoretical predictions. Furthermore, we show that the light polarization and nanocavity design can be tailored to shape transient plasmonic gratings at the nanoscale. This work, demonstrating dynamical imaging with PINEM, paves the way for the femtosecond and nanometre visualization and control of plasmonic fields in advanced heterostructures based on novel two-dimensional materials such as graphene, MoS2, and ultrathin metal films. Visualizing surface plasmon polaritons at buried interfaces has remained elusive. Here, the authors develop a methodology to study the spatiotemporal evolution of buried near-fields within complex heterostructures, enabling the characterization of the next generation of plasmonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom T A Lummen
- Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, ICMP, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raymond J Lamb
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Gabriele Berruto
- Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, ICMP, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas LaGrange
- Interdisciplinary Center for Electron Microscopy (CIME), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Dal Negro
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Photonics Center, Boston University, 8 Saint Mary's Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, 08860 Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Damien McGrouther
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - B Barwick
- Department of Physics, Trinity College, 300 Summit Street, Hartford, Connecticut 06106, USA
| | - F Carbone
- Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, ICMP, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Fitzgerald JPS, Word RC, Könenkamp R. Theoretical estimates of spherical and chromatic aberration in photoemission electron microscopy. Ultramicroscopy 2015; 160:252-255. [PMID: 26555325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We present theoretical estimates of the mean coefficients of spherical and chromatic aberration for low energy photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM). Using simple analytic models, we find that the aberration coefficients depend primarily on the difference between the photon energy and the photoemission threshold, as expected. However, the shape of the photoelectron spectral distribution impacts the coefficients by up to 30%. These estimates should allow more precise correction of aberration in PEEM in experimental situations where the aberration coefficients and precise electron energy distribution cannot be readily measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P S Fitzgerald
- Portland State University, Department of Physics, PO Box 751, Portland, OR 97207, United States.
| | - R C Word
- Portland State University, Department of Physics, PO Box 751, Portland, OR 97207, United States
| | - R Könenkamp
- Portland State University, Department of Physics, PO Box 751, Portland, OR 97207, United States
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Berini P, Bouhelier A, Garcia de Abajo J, Park N. Focus issue on surface plasmon photonics introduction. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:27286-27290. [PMID: 24216952 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.027286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The 6th International Conference on Surface Plasmon Photonics (SPP6) was held in Ottawa, Canada from May 26th to 31st, 2013. This independent series of biennial conferences is widely regarded as the premier series in the field, and the 6th edition maintained the tradition of excellence. This Focus Issue collects several papers related to research presented at SPP6, and although the number of papers it comprises is small compared to the total number of papers presented at the conference, the issue is representative and provides a good snapshot of the field at this point in time.
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