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Tian H, Zhu R, Li R, Xing S, Schibli TR, Minoshima K. Broadband, high-power optical frequency combs covering visible to near-infrared spectral range. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:538-541. [PMID: 38300053 DOI: 10.1364/ol.514182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Optical frequency combs (OFCs) have become essential tools in a wide range of metrological and scientific research fields. However, in the reported literature, OFCs that cover the visible spectral range have a limited bandwidth and pulse energy. These drawbacks limit their potential applications, such as high-signal-to-noise ratio spectroscopic measurements. In this work, we demonstrate a broadband, high-power optical frequency comb covering the visible to near-infrared range (550 nm to 900 nm) with a high average power of approximately 300 mW. This is accomplished by the power scaling of optical pulses from a fully stabilized Er:fiber comb, coherent spectral broadening and finally the utilization of a PPLN's χ(2) nonlinearity. The broadband, high-power, fully stabilized visible OFCs showcased in this work offer reliable laser sources for high-precision spectroscopic measurements, imaging, and comparisons of optical clocks.
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Sugiyama Y, Kashimura T, Kashimoto K, Akamatsu D, Hong FL. Precision dual-comb spectroscopy using wavelength-converted frequency combs with low repetition rates. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2549. [PMID: 36781885 PMCID: PMC9925804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29734-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision spectroscopy contributed significantly to the development of quantum mechanics in its early stages. In the twenty-first century, precision spectroscopy has played an important role in several fields, including fundamental physics, precision measurement, environmental monitoring, and medical diagnostics. An optical frequency comb is indispensable in determining the frequency axis in precision spectroscopy and it is useful as a light source for spectroscopy. Dual-comb spectroscopy uses two frequency combs with slightly different repetition rates and has the potential to surpass conventional Fourier-transform infrared spectrometers. The resolution of dual-comb spectroscopy is limited by the frequency spacing of the comb components, that is, the repetition rate of the comb. We demonstrate dual-comb spectroscopy in the visible-wavelength region using wavelength-converted frequency combs from Er-doped fiber combs. The repetition rates of the combs are relatively low at 19.8 MHz, resulting in relatively high resolution in the dual-comb spectroscopy. The observed spectral shape in dual-comb spectroscopy agrees well with the fitting result based on the hyperfine structure of molecular iodine. The realized dual-comb spectroscopy using wavelength-converted Er-doped fiber combs is reliable (maintenance free) and applicable in other experiments at visible wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Sugiyama
- grid.268446.a0000 0001 2185 8709Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-Ku, Yokohama, 240-8501 Japan
| | - Tsubasa Kashimura
- grid.268446.a0000 0001 2185 8709Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-Ku, Yokohama, 240-8501 Japan
| | - Keiju Kashimoto
- grid.268446.a0000 0001 2185 8709Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-Ku, Yokohama, 240-8501 Japan
| | - Daisuke Akamatsu
- grid.268446.a0000 0001 2185 8709Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-Ku, Yokohama, 240-8501 Japan
| | - Feng-Lei Hong
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-Ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan.
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The development and application of dual-comb spectroscopy in analytical chemistry. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Deng Z, Liu Y, Zhu Z, Luo D, Gu C, Zuo Z, Xie G, Li W. Achieving Precise Spectral Analysis and Imaging Simultaneously with a Mode-Resolved Dual-Comb Interferometer. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:3166. [PMID: 34063563 PMCID: PMC8124379 DOI: 10.3390/s21093166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a scheme providing precise spectral analysis and surface imaging, simultaneously, based on a high-coherence dual-comb interferometer. With two tightly phase-locking frequency combs, we demonstrate a high-coherence dual-comb interferometer (DCI) covering 188 to 195 THz (1538.5 to 1595.7 nm) with comb-tooth resolution and a max spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 159.7. The combination of the high-coherence dual-comb spectrometer and a reference arm simultaneously enables gas absorption spectroscopy and for the absolute distance information to be obtained in one measurement. As a demonstration, we measure the spectrum of CO2 and CO. From the same interferograms, we demonstrate that distance measurement, by time-of-flight (TOF), can be resolved with an rms precision of 0.53 μm after averaging 140 images and a measurement time of 1 s. Finally, we demonstrate that non-contact surface imaging, using 2D mechanical scanning, reaches lateral resolution of 40 μm. The longitudinal precision is 0.68 μm with a measurement time of 0.5 s. It verifies that DCS has the potential to be applied in standoff detection, environmental pollution monitors, and remote sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (C.G.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.)
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (C.G.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.)
| | - Zhiwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (C.G.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.)
| | - Daping Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (C.G.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.)
| | - Chenglin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (C.G.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.)
| | - Zhong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (C.G.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.)
| | - Gehui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (C.G.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.)
| | - Wenxue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (C.G.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Abstract
Dual-comb spectroscopy has become a powerful spectroscopic technique in applications that rely on its broad spectral coverage combined with high frequency resolution capabilities. Experiments to date have primarily focused on detection and analysis of multiple gas species under semi-static conditions, with applications ranging from environmental monitoring of greenhouse gases to high-resolution molecular spectroscopy. Here, we utilize dual-comb spectroscopy to demonstrate broadband, high-resolution, and time-resolved measurements in a laser-induced plasma. As a demonstration, we simultaneously detect trace amounts of Rb and K in solid samples with a single laser ablation shot, with transitions separated by over 6 THz (13 nm) and spectral resolution sufficient to resolve isotopic and ground state hyperfine splittings of the Rb D2 line. This new spectroscopic approach offers the broad spectral coverage found in the powerful techniques of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) while providing the high-resolution and accuracy of cw laser-based spectroscopies. Dual-comb spectroscopy has become a valuable tool for broadband high-resolution measurements. Here Bergevin et al. apply this technique to a laser-induced plasma detecting different species in a solid sample with a spectral resolution sufficient to resolve hyperfine splitting of the Rb D2 line.
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Jung H, Guo X, Zhu N, Papp SB, Diddams SA, Tang HX. Phase-dependent interference between frequency doubled comb lines in a χ (2) phase-matched aluminum nitride microring. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:3747-3750. [PMID: 27519079 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.003747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical conversion with frequency combs is important for self-referencing and for generating shorter wavelength combs. Here we demonstrate efficient frequency comb doubling through the combination of second-harmonic generation (SHG) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) of an input comb with a high Q, phase-matched χ(2) microring resonator. Phase coherence of the SHG and SFG nonlinear conversion processes is confirmed by sinusoidal phase-dependent interference between frequency doubled comb lines.
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Abstract
Dual-comb spectroscopy is an emerging new spectroscopic tool that exploits the frequency resolution, frequency accuracy, broad bandwidth, and brightness of frequency combs for ultrahigh-resolution, high-sensitivity broadband spectroscopy. By using two coherent frequency combs, dual-comb spectroscopy allows a sample's spectral response to be measured on a comb tooth-by-tooth basis rapidly and without the size constraints or instrument response limitations of conventional spectrometers. This review describes dual-comb spectroscopy and summarizes the current state of the art. As frequency comb technology progresses, dual-comb spectroscopy will continue to mature and could surpass conventional broadband spectroscopy for a wide range of laboratory and field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- IAN CODDINGTON
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - NATHAN NEWBURY
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - WILLIAM SWANN
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
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Durán V, Tainta S, Torres-Company V. Ultrafast electrooptic dual-comb interferometry. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:30557-69. [PMID: 26698533 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dual-comb interferometry is a particularly compelling technique that relies on the phase coherence of two laser frequency combs for measuring broadband complex spectra. This method is rapidly advancing the field of optical spectroscopy and empowering new applications, from nonlinear microscopy to laser ranging. Up to now, most dual-comb interferometers were based on modelocked lasers, whose repetition rates have restricted the measurement speed to ~kHz. Here we demonstrate a dual-comb interferometer that is based on electrooptic frequency combs and measures consecutive complex spectra at an ultra-high refresh rate of 25 MHz. These results pave the way for novel scientific and metrology applications of frequency comb generators beyond the realm of molecular spectroscopy, where the measurement of ultrabroadband waveforms is of paramount relevance.
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Hébert NB, Boudreau S, Genest J, Deschênes JD. Coherent dual-comb interferometry with quasi-integer-ratio repetition rates. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:29152-60. [PMID: 25402154 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.029152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a generalized method for dual-comb interferometry that involves the use of two frequency combs with quasi-integer-ratio repetition rates. We use a 16.67 MHz comb to probe an 80-cm-long ring cavity and a 100 MHz comb to asynchronously sample its impulse response. The resulting signal can be seen as six time-multiplexed independent interferograms. We perform a deconvolution of the photodetector's impulse response to prevent any crosstalk between these multiplexed data sets. The measurement is then demultiplexed and corrected with referencing signals. We obtain a measurement with a spectral point spacing of 16.67 MHz and a spectral SNR of 55 dB by averaging 15,000 interferograms, corresponding to a measurement time of 500 s. Compared to conventional dual-comb spectroscopy, this generalized technique allows to either reduce the spectral point spacing or the acquisition time by changing the repetition rate of only one of the combs.
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Boudreau S, Genest J. Range-resolved vibrometry using a frequency comb in the OSCAT configuration. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:8101-8113. [PMID: 24718186 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.008101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two methods for performing range-resolved vibrometry measurements using frequency combs are presented. A modified correction algorithm taking into account the differences from the typical dual comb spectroscopic technique is developed. Results are presented showing the recovery of a human voice sample and other sounds from different vibrating surfaces, including a diffuse wall and a glass slab. When multiple surfaces are present, range selection makes it possible to select the surface from which the vibration is demodulated.
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