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Will T, Guan J, Salter PS, Booth MJ. Trimming laser-written waveguides through overwriting. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:28006-28016. [PMID: 32988081 DOI: 10.1364/oe.400623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond laser direct writing is widely used to create waveguide circuits for optical processing in applications including communications, astrophotonics, simulation and quantum information processing. The properties of these waveguide circuits can be sensitive to the fabrication conditions, meaning that noticeable variability can be present in nominally identical manufactured components. One potential solution to this problem is the use of device trimming, whereby additional laser fabrication is applied to optimise the optical properties of a device based upon measurement feedback. We show how this approach can be used in the manufacture of directional couplers by overwriting the laser-written structure to alter the coupling ratios.
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Flamini F, Spagnolo N, Sciarrino F. Photonic quantum information processing: a review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2019; 82:016001. [PMID: 30421725 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aad5b2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photonic quantum technologies represent a promising platform for several applications, ranging from long-distance communications to the simulation of complex phenomena. Indeed, the advantages offered by single photons do make them the candidate of choice for carrying quantum information in a broad variety of areas with a versatile approach. Furthermore, recent technological advances are now enabling first concrete applications of photonic quantum information processing. The goal of this manuscript is to provide the reader with a comprehensive review of the state of the art in this active field, with a due balance between theoretical, experimental and technological results. When more convenient, we will present significant achievements in tables or in schematic figures, in order to convey a global perspective of the several horizons that fall under the name of photonic quantum information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Flamini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
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Kokkoniemi R, Ollikainen T, Lake RE, Saarenpää S, Tan KY, Kokkala JI, Dağ CB, Govenius J, Möttönen M. Flux-tunable phase shifter for microwaves. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14713. [PMID: 29116119 PMCID: PMC5676951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a magnetic-flux-tunable phase shifter for propagating microwave photons, based on three equidistant superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) on a transmission line. We experimentally implement the phase shifter and demonstrate that it produces a broad range of phase shifts and full transmission within the experimental uncertainty. Together with previously demonstrated beam splitters, this phase shifter can be utilized to implement arbitrary single-qubit gates for qubits based on propagating microwave photons. These results complement previous demonstrations of on-demand single-photon sources and detectors, and hence assist in the pursuit of an all-microwave quantum computer based on propagating photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roope Kokkoniemi
- QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland.
| | - Tuomas Ollikainen
- QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Russell E Lake
- QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado, 80305, USA
| | - Sakari Saarenpää
- QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Kuan Y Tan
- QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Janne I Kokkala
- QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Ceren B Dağ
- QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
- Physics Department, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1040, USA
| | - Joonas Govenius
- QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Mikko Möttönen
- QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
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Basiri-Esfahani S, Myers CR, Armin A, Combes J, Milburn GJ. Integrated quantum photonic sensor based on Hong-Ou-Mandel interference. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:16008-16023. [PMID: 26193575 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.016008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Photonic-crystal-based integrated optical systems have been used for a broad range of sensing applications with great success. This has been motivated by several advantages such as high sensitivity, miniaturization, remote sensing, selectivity and stability. Many photonic crystal sensors have been proposed with various fabrication designs that result in improved optical properties. In parallel, integrated optical systems are being pursued as a platform for photonic quantum information processing using linear optics and Fock states. Here we propose a novel integrated Fock state optical sensor architecture that can be used for force, refractive index and possibly local temperature detection. In this scheme, two coupled cavities behave as an "effective beam splitter". The sensor works based on fourth order interference (the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect) and requires a sequence of single photon pulses and consequently has low pulse power. Changes in the parameter to be measured induce variations in the effective beam splitter reflectivity and result in changes to the visibility of interference. We demonstrate this generic scheme in coupled L3 photonic crystal cavities as an example and find that this system, which only relies on photon coincidence detection and does not need any spectral resolution, can estimate forces as small as 10(-7) Newtons and can measure one part per million change in refractive index using a very low input power of 10(-10)W. Thus linear optical quantum photonic architectures can achieve comparable sensor performance to semiclassical devices.
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