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Song I, Ahn J, Ahn H, Lee SH, Mei J, Kotov NA, Oh JH. Helical polymers for dissymmetric circularly polarized light imaging. Nature 2023; 617:92-99. [PMID: 37138111 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Control of the spin angular momentum (SAM) carried in a photon provides a technologically attractive element for next-generation quantum networks and spintronics1-5. However, the weak optical activity and inhomogeneity of thin films from chiral molecular crystals result in high noise and uncertainty in SAM detection. Brittleness of thin molecular crystals represents a further problem for device integration and practical realization of chiroptical quantum devices6-10. Despite considerable successes with highly dissymmetric optical materials based on chiral nanostructures11-13, the problem of integration of nanochiral materials with optical device platforms remains acute14-16. Here we report a simple yet powerful method to fabricate chiroptical flexible layers via supramolecular helical ordering of conjugated polymer chains. Their multiscale chirality and optical activity can be varied across the broad spectral range by chiral templating with volatile enantiomers. After template removal, chromophores remain stacked in one-dimensional helical nanofibrils producing a homogeneous chiroptical layer with drastically enhanced polarization-dependent absorbance, leading to well-resolved detection and visualization of SAM. This study provides a direct path to scalable realization of on-chip detection of the spin degree of freedom of photons necessary for encoded quantum information processing and high-resolution polarization imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inho Song
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jaeyong Ahn
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyuk Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jianguo Mei
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Nicholas A Kotov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biointerface Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Joon Hak Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Cai J, Zhang W, Xu L, Hao C, Ma W, Sun M, Wu X, Qin X, Colombari FM, de Moura AF, Xu J, Silva MC, Carneiro-Neto EB, Gomes WR, Vallée RAL, Pereira EC, Liu X, Xu C, Klajn R, Kotov NA, Kuang H. Polarization-sensitive optoionic membranes from chiral plasmonic nanoparticles. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:408-416. [PMID: 35288671 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01079-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic effects differentiating absorption of right and left circularly polarized photons in thin films of chiral materials are typically prohibitively small for their direct photocurrent observation. Chiral metasurfaces increase the electronic sensitivity to circular polarization, but their out-of-plane architecture entails manufacturing and performance trade-offs. Here, we show that nanoporous thin films of chiral nanoparticles enable high sensitivity to circular polarization due to light-induced polarization-dependent ion accumulation at nanoparticle interfaces. Self-assembled multilayers of gold nanoparticles modified with L-phenylalanine generate a photocurrent under right-handed circularly polarized light as high as 2.41 times higher than under left-handed circularly polarized light. The strong plasmonic coupling between the multiple nanoparticles producing planar chiroplasmonic modes facilitates the ejection of electrons, whose entrapment at the membrane-electrolyte interface is promoted by a thick layer of enantiopure phenylalanine. Demonstrated detection of light ellipticity with equal sensitivity at all incident angles mimics phenomenological aspects of polarization vision in marine animals. The simplicity of self-assembly and sensitivity of polarization detection found in optoionic membranes opens the door to a family of miniaturized fluidic devices for chiral photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, China
- Beijing Computational Science Research Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Liguang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Changlong Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Maozhong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xian Qin
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Felippe Mariano Colombari
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Jiahui Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Rafal Klajn
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Nicholas A Kotov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Michigan Institute for Translational Nanotechnology, Ypsilanti, MI, USA.
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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3
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Strait JH, Holland G, Zhu W, Zhang C, Ilic BR, Agrawal A, Pacifici D, Lezec HJ. Revisiting the Photon-Drag Effect in Metal Films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:053903. [PMID: 31491313 PMCID: PMC6767616 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.053903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The photon-drag effect, the rectified current in a medium induced by conservation of momentum of absorbed or redirected light, is a unique probe of the detailed mechanisms underlying radiation pressure. We revisit this effect in gold, a canonical Drude metal. We discover that the signal for p-polarized illumination in ambient air is affected in both sign and magnitude by adsorbed molecules, opening previous measurements for reinterpretation. Further, we show that the intrinsic sign of the photon-drag effect is contrary to the prevailing intuitive model of direct momentum transfer to free electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared H. Strait
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Glenn Holland
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Wenqi Zhu
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
- Maryland Nanocenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
- Maryland Nanocenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Bojan R. Ilic
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Amit Agrawal
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
- Maryland Nanocenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Domenico Pacifici
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
- School of Engineering and Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906
| | - Henri J. Lezec
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
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Akbari M, Gao J, Yang X. Generation of transverse photo-induced voltage in plasmonic metasurfaces of triangle holes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:21194-21203. [PMID: 30119423 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.021194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally and numerically demonstrate the transverse electrical response produced by circularly-polarized light with normal incidence observed as transverse photo-induced voltage across the plasmonic metasurface made of triangle holes. The measured transverse photo-induced voltage is consistent with the calculated acting force on electrons in the metasurface by using the Maxwell's stress tensor. The polarity of voltage reverses as the incident spin (light helicity) switches from right-handed circular polarization to left-handed circular polarization. The origin of the spin-dependent voltage sign is the broken symmetries of the electric and magnetic fields in the triangle hole due to the opposite circular polarizations. The demonstrated results open up many opportunities in further investigating the second-order nonlinear optical effects of metamaterials and metasurfaces, and developing applications in high-speed photodetectors, polarimeters, and optical sensors.
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Proscia NV, Moocarme M, Chang R, Kretzschmar I, Menon VM, Vuong LT. Control of photo-induced voltages in plasmonic crystals via spin-orbit interactions. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:10402-10411. [PMID: 27409864 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.010402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
There is wide interest in understanding and leveraging the nonlinear plasmon-induced potentials of nanostructured materials. We investigate the electrical response produced by spin-polarized light across a large-area bottom-up assembled 2D plasmonic crystal. Numerical approximations of the Lorentz forces provide quantitative agreement with our experimentally-measured DC voltages. We show that the underlying mechanism of the spin-polarized voltages is a gradient force that arises from asymmetric, time-averaged hotspots, whose locations shift with the chirality of light. Finally, we formalize the role of spin-orbit interactions in the shifted intensity patterns and significantly advance our understanding of the physical phenomena, often related to the spin Hall effect of light.
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