1
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Loyez M, Fasseaux H, Lobry M, Wattiez R, Caucheteur C. Insulin biotrapping using plasmofluidic optical fiber chips: A benchmark. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 254:116189. [PMID: 38507927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Plasmonic optical fiber-based biosensors are currently in their early stages of development as practical and integrated devices, gradually making their way towards the market. While the majority of these biosensors operate using white light and multimode optical fibers (OFs), our approach centers on single-mode OFs coupled with tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) in the near-infrared wavelength range. Our objective is to enhance surface sensitivity and broaden sensing capabilities of OF-based sensors to develop in situ sensing with remote interrogation. In this study, we comprehensively assess their performance in comparison to the gold-standard plasmonic reference, a commercial device based on the Kretschmann-Raether prism configuration. We present their refractive index sensitivity and their capability for insulin sensing using a dedicated microfluidics approach. By optimizing a consistent surface biotrapping methodology, we elucidate the dynamic facets of both technologies and highlight their remarkable sensitivity to variations in bulk and surface properties. The one-to-one comparison between both technologies demonstrates the reliability of optical fiber-based measurements, showcasing similar experimental trends obtained with both the prismatic configuration and gold-coated TFBGs, with an even enhanced limit of detection for the latter. This study lays the foundation for the detection of punctual molecular interactions and opens the way towards the detection of spatially and temporally localized events on the surface of optical probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Médéric Loyez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000, Belgium; Electromagnetism and Telecom. Department, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000, Belgium.
| | - Hadrien Fasseaux
- Electromagnetism and Telecom. Department, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000, Belgium
| | - Maxime Lobry
- Electromagnetism and Telecom. Department, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000, Belgium
| | - Ruddy Wattiez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000, Belgium
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2
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Bekmurzayeva A, Nurlankyzy M, Abdossova A, Myrkhiyeva Z, Tosi D. All-fiber label-free optical fiber biosensors: from modern technologies to current applications [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:1453-1473. [PMID: 38495725 PMCID: PMC10942689 DOI: 10.1364/boe.515563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Biosensors are established as promising analytical tools for detecting various analytes important in biomedicine and environmental monitoring. Using fiber optic technology as a sensing element in biosensors offers low cost, high sensitivity, chemical inertness, and immunity to electromagnetic interference. Optical fiber sensors can be used in in vivo applications and multiplexed to detect several targets simultaneously. Certain configurations of optical fiber technology allow the detection of analytes in a label-free manner. This review aims to discuss recent advances in label-free optical fiber biosensors from a technological and application standpoint. First, modern technologies used to build label-free optical fiber-based sensors will be discussed. Then, current applications where these technologies are applied are elucidated. Namely, examples of detecting soluble cancer biomarkers, hormones, viruses, bacteria, and cells are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Bekmurzayeva
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Marzhan Nurlankyzy
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Albina Abdossova
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhuldyz Myrkhiyeva
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Daniele Tosi
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
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3
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Mahani FF, Mokhtari A, Berini P. Plasmonic Biosensor on the End-Facet of a Dual-Core Single-Mode Optical Fiber. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050558. [PMID: 37232919 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Optical biosensors target widespread applications, such as drug discovery, medical diagnostics, food quality control, and environmental monitoring. Here, we propose a novel plasmonic biosensor on the end-facet of a dual-core single-mode optical fiber. The concept uses slanted metal gratings on each core, interconnected by a metal stripe biosensing waveguide to couple the cores via the propagation of surface plasmons along the end facet. The scheme enables operation in transmission (core-to-core), thereby eliminating the need to separate the reflected light from the incident light. Importantly, this simplifies and reduces the cost of the interrogation setup because a broadband polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler or circulator is not required. The proposed biosensor enables remote sensing because the interrogation optoelectronics can be located remotely. In vivo biosensing and brain studies are also enabled because the end-facet can be inserted into a living body, once properly packaged. It can also be dipped into a vial, precluding the need for microfluidic channels or pumps. Bulk sensitivities of 880 nm/RIU and surface sensitivities of 1 nm/nm are predicted under spectral interrogation using cross-correlation analysis. The configuration is embodied by robust and experimentally realizable designs that can be fabricated, e.g., using metal evaporation and focused ion beam milling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Fouladi Mahani
- Optical and RF Communication Systems (ORCS) Lab, Electrical Engineering Department, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7616913439, Iran
| | - Arash Mokhtari
- Optical and RF Communication Systems (ORCS) Lab, Electrical Engineering Department, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7616913439, Iran
| | - Pierre Berini
- Department of Physics, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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Gaur DS, Purohit A, Mishra SK, Mishra AK. An Interplay between Lossy Mode Resonance and Surface Plasmon Resonance and Their Sensing Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090721. [PMID: 36140106 PMCID: PMC9496224 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Conducting metal oxide (CMO) supports lossy mode resonance (LMR) at the CMO-dielectric interface, whereas surface plasmon resonance (SPR) occurs at the typical plasmonic metal-dielectric interface. The present study investigates these resonances in the bi-layer (ITO + Ag) and tri-layer (ITO + Ag + ITO) geometries in the Kretschmann configuration of excitation. It has been found that depending upon the layer thicknesses one resonance dominates the other. In particular, in the tri-layer configuration of ITO + Ag + ITO, the effect of the thickness variation of the sandwiched Ag layer is explored and a resonance, insensitive to the change in the sensing medium refractive index (RI), has been reported. Further, the two kinds of RI sensing probes and the supported resonances have been characterized and compared in terms of sensitivity, detection accuracy and figure of merit. These studies will not only be helpful in gaining a better understanding of underlying physics but may also lead to the realization of biochemical sensing devices with a wider spectral range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deependra Singh Gaur
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Ankit Purohit
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Satyendra Kumar Mishra
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
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5
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Sypabekova M, Amantayeva A, Vangelista L, González-Vila Á, Caucheteur C, Tosi D. Ultralow Limit Detection of Soluble HER2 Biomarker in Serum with a Fiber-Optic Ball-Tip Resonator Assisted by a Tilted FBG. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:309-316. [PMID: 36785571 PMCID: PMC9885947 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
An optical-fiber biosensor has been developed for the detection of the breast cancer biomarker soluble human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (sHER2). The sensor was fabricated by combining a tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) with a ball resonator, allowing us to achieve an excellent sensitivity compared to other optical-fiber-based sensors. The sensor exhibits a resonance comb excited by the TFBG and the spectral profile of the ball resonator. The detection of sHER2 at extremely low concentrations was carried out by tracking the amplitude change of selected resonances. The therapeutic anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody Trastuzumab has been used to functionalize the biosensor with silane surface chemistry. The sensor features a sensitivity of 4034 dB/RIU with a limit of detection (LoD) in buffer and in a 1/10 diluted serum of 151.5 ag/mL and 3.7 pg/mL, respectively. At relatively high protein concentrations (64 ng/mL) binding to sHER (7.36 dB) as compared to control proteins (below 0.7 dB) attested the high specificity of sHER2 detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzhan Sypabekova
- Nazarbayev
University School of Medicine, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- Nazarbayev
University School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- Baylor
Research and Innovative Collaborative, Baylor
University, 100 Research
Pkwy, Waco, Texas 76704, United States
| | - Aida Amantayeva
- Nazarbayev
University School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Luca Vangelista
- Nazarbayev
University School of Medicine, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Álvaro González-Vila
- Electromagnetism
and Telecommunication Department, University
of Mons, Boulevard Dolez 31, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Christophe Caucheteur
- Electromagnetism
and Telecommunication Department, University
of Mons, Boulevard Dolez 31, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Daniele Tosi
- Nazarbayev
University School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- National
Laboratory Astana, Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, 010000 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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6
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Alwahib AA, Saleh MA, Abdulrazzaq MJ. Enhancing the sensing behavior of a reduced graphene magnetite-based plasmonic optical fiber sensor. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:6110-6118. [PMID: 36256222 DOI: 10.1364/ao.458564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The D-shaped optical fiber is a base for the magnetite-based graphene nanocomposite (rGO/Fe3O4) for a Pb heavy metal sensing layer. The designed sensor was studied under the effects of rapid annealing, water circulation, and plasmonic tuning. Various annealing temperatures (100°C, 200°C, 300°C, and 400°C) were investigated. The effect of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) temperature on the transmission results were found at a short wavelength of 300 nm and a minimum point of ∼380nm. The bandgap energy was verified between 2.3 and 3.17 eV for 100°C and 400°C, respectively. The sensor results show modification toward a short wavelength by increasing the rapid annealing temperature. Compared with furnace methods, the transmittance shift of the plasmonic effect showed the best performance under the influence of RTA. RTA at 300°C and 400°C offered an acceptable degree of stability at the beginning (1-50 min). The best performance of the proposed sensor was improved by introducing a circulating liquid chamber into the initial design. The resonance shifts due to Pb ion concentration (5, 10, and 15 ppm) were studied for transmission and wavelength shifts. The sensor shift was enhanced by using a free space polarizer controller attached to the second design. The results give detection and sensing potential in the visible range at a possible remarkable response time. The figure of merit was 62.5 a.u., and the maximum sensitivity was 1 a.u./ppm by using a polarizer controller. This article presents the optical characterizations of plasmonic sensor-based rGO/Fe3O4 for detecting Pb ions and enhancing the resonance shift. RTA for composite material and water circulation associated with D-shaped optical fiber enhances response time and stability designed using a polarizer controller.
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7
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Zhu T, Loyez M, Chah K, Caucheteur C. Partially gold-coated tilted FBGs for enhanced surface biosensing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:16518-16529. [PMID: 36221493 DOI: 10.1364/oe.458548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To date, there is clear experimental evidence that gold-coated tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) are highly sensitive plasmonic biosensors that provide temperature-compensated detection of analytes at concentrations in the picomolar range. As most optical biosensors, they bring an evanescent wave in the surrounding medium, which makes them sensitive to both surface refractive index variations (= the useful biosensing signal) and to bulk refractive index changes (= the non-useful signal for biosensing). This dual sensitivity makes them prone to drift. In this work, we study partially gold-coated TFBGs around their cross-section. These gratings present the ability to discriminate both volume and surface refractive index changes, which is interesting in biosensing to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio. The effects induced in the TFBGs transmitted amplitude spectra were analyzed for surrounding refractive index (SRI) changes in the range 1.3360-1.3370. Then, the gold film was biofunctionalized with human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) aptamers using thiol chemistry. The detection of HER2 proteins (a relevant cancer biomarker) at 10-9 g/mL, 10-8 g/mL and 10-6 g/mL demonstrated the advantage to identify environmental perturbations through the bare area of the TFBGs, which is left not functionalized. The non-specific drifts that could exist in samples are eliminated and a wavelength shift only related to the surface modification is obtained.
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8
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Optimization of Cladding Diameter for Refractive Index Sensing in Tilted Fiber Bragg Gratings. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22062259. [PMID: 35336430 PMCID: PMC8953173 DOI: 10.3390/s22062259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This work presents an experimental investigation of the effect of chemical etching on the refractive index (RI) sensitivity of tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs). Hydrofluoric acid (HF) was used stepwise in order to reduce the optical fiber diameter from 125 µm to 13 µm. After each etching step, TFBGs were calibrated using two ranges of RI solutions: the first one with high RI variation (from 1.33679 RIU to 1.37078 RIU) and the second with low RI variation (from 1.34722 RIU to 1.34873 RIU). RI sensitivity was analyzed in terms of wavelength shift and intensity change of the grating resonances. The highest amplitude sensitivities obtained are 1008 dB/RIU for the high RI range and 8160 dB/RIU for the low RI range, corresponding to the unetched TFBG. The highest wavelength sensitivities are 38.8 nm/RIU for a fiber diameter of 100 µm for the high RI range, and 156 nm/RIU for a diameter of 40 µm for the small RI range. In addition, the effect of the etching process on the spectral intensity of the cladding modes, their wavelength separation and sensor linearity (R2) were studied as well. As a result, an optimization of the etching process is provided, so that the best trade-off between sensitivity, intensity level, and fiber thickness can be obtained.
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9
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Vidal M, Soares MS, Loyez M, Costa FM, Caucheteur C, Marques C, Pereira SO, Leitão C. Relevance of the Spectral Analysis Method of Tilted Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Biosensors: A Case-Study for Heart Failure Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:2141. [PMID: 35336312 PMCID: PMC8954114 DOI: 10.3390/s22062141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Optical fiber technology has rapidly progressed over the years, providing valuable benefits for biosensing purposes such as sensor miniaturization and the possibility for remote and real-time monitoring. In particular, tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) are extremely sensitive to refractive index variations taking place on their surface. The present work comprises a case-study on the impact of different methods of analysis applied to decode spectral variations of bare and plasmonic TFBGs during the detection of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), a heart failure biomarker, namely by following the most sensitive mode, peaks of the spectral envelopes, and the envelopes' crossing point and area. Tracking the lower envelope resulted in the lowest limits of detection (LOD) for bare and plasmonic TFBGs, namely, 0.75 ng/mL and 0.19 ng/mL, respectively. This work demonstrates the importance of the analysis method on the outcome results, which is crucial to attain the most reliable and sensitive method with lower LOD sensors. Furthermore, it makes the scientific community aware to take careful attention when comparing the performance of different biosensors in which different analysis methods were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Vidal
- Physics Department & I3N, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.V.); (M.S.S.); (F.M.C.); (C.M.); (S.O.P.)
| | - Maria Simone Soares
- Physics Department & I3N, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.V.); (M.S.S.); (F.M.C.); (C.M.); (S.O.P.)
| | - Médéric Loyez
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunication Department, University of Mons, 31 Bld Dolez, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (M.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Florinda M. Costa
- Physics Department & I3N, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.V.); (M.S.S.); (F.M.C.); (C.M.); (S.O.P.)
| | - Christophe Caucheteur
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunication Department, University of Mons, 31 Bld Dolez, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (M.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Carlos Marques
- Physics Department & I3N, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.V.); (M.S.S.); (F.M.C.); (C.M.); (S.O.P.)
| | - Sónia O. Pereira
- Physics Department & I3N, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.V.); (M.S.S.); (F.M.C.); (C.M.); (S.O.P.)
| | - Cátia Leitão
- Physics Department & I3N, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.V.); (M.S.S.); (F.M.C.); (C.M.); (S.O.P.)
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10
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Optical Fiber Ball Resonator Sensor Spectral Interrogation through Undersampled KLT: Application to Refractive Index Sensing and Cancer Biomarker Biosensing. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21206721. [PMID: 34695934 PMCID: PMC8537289 DOI: 10.3390/s21206721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Optical fiber ball resonators based on single-mode fibers in the infrared range are an emerging technology for refractive index sensing and biosensing. These devices are easy and rapid to fabricate using a CO2 laser splicer and yield a very low finesse reflection spectrum with a quasi-random pattern. In addition, they can be functionalized for biosensing by using a thin-film sputtering method. A common problem of this type of device is that the spectral response is substantially unknown, and poorly correlated with the size and shape of the spherical device. In this work, we propose a detection method based on Karhunen−Loeve transform (KLT), applied to the undersampled spectrum measured by an optical backscatter reflectometer. We show that this method correctly detects the response of the ball resonator in any working condition, without prior knowledge of the sensor under interrogation. First, this method for refractive index sensing of a gold-coated resonator is applied, showing 1594 RIU−1 sensitivity; then, this concept is extended to a biofunctionalized ball resonator, detecting CD44 cancer biomarker concentration with a picomolar-level limit of detection (19.7 pM) and high specificity (30–41%).
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Bekmurzayeva A, Ashikbayeva Z, Myrkhiyeva Z, Nugmanova A, Shaimerdenova M, Ayupova T, Tosi D. Label-free fiber-optic spherical tip biosensor to enable picomolar-level detection of CD44 protein. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19583. [PMID: 34599251 PMCID: PMC8486867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99099-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased level of CD44 protein in serum is observed in several cancers and is associated with tumor burden and metastasis. Current clinically used detection methods of this protein are time-consuming and use labeled reagents for analysis. Therefore exploring new label-free and fast methods for its quantification including its detection in situ is of importance. This study reports the first optical fiber biosensor for CD44 protein detection, based on a spherical fiber optic tip device. The sensor is easily fabricated from an inexpensive material (single-mode fiber widely used in telecommunication) in a fast and robust manner through a CO2 laser splicer. The fabricated sensor responded to refractive index change with a sensitivity of 95.76 dB/RIU. The spherical tip was further functionalized with anti-CD44 antibodies to develop a biosensor and each step of functionalization was verified by an atomic force microscope. The biosensor detected a target of interest with an achieved limit of detection of 17 pM with only minor signal change to two control proteins. Most importantly, concentrations tested in this work are very broad and are within the clinically relevant concentration range. Moreover, the configuration of the proposed biosensor allows its potential incorporation into an in situ system for quantitative detection of this biomarker in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Bekmurzayeva
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan.
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Zhannat Ashikbayeva
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Zhuldyz Myrkhiyeva
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Aigerim Nugmanova
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Madina Shaimerdenova
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Takhmina Ayupova
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Daniele Tosi
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
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12
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Shallow-Tapered Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for Dual Refractive Index and Temperature Sensing. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21113635. [PMID: 34073669 PMCID: PMC8197150 DOI: 10.3390/s21113635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we present a gold-coated shallow-tapered chirped fiber Bragg grating (stCFBG) for dual refractive index (RI) and temperature sensing. The stCFBG has been fabricated on a 15-mm long chirped FBG, by tapering a 7.29-mm region with a waist of 39 μm. The spectral analysis shows two distinct regions: a pre-taper region, in which the stCFBG is RI-independent and can be used to detect thermal changes, and a post-taper region, in which the reflectivity increases significantly when the RI increments. We estimate the RI and thermal sensitivities as 382.83 dB/RIU and 9.893 pm/°C, respectively. The cross-talk values are low (−1.54 × 10−3 dB/°C and 568.1 pm/RIU), which allows an almost ideal separation between RI and thermal characteristics. The stCFBG is a compact probe, suitable for long-term and temperature-compensated biosensing and detection of chemical analytes.
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13
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Fiber Optic Refractive Index Sensors Based on a Ball Resonator and Optical Backscatter Interrogation. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20216199. [PMID: 33143287 PMCID: PMC7662276 DOI: 10.3390/s20216199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we introduced fabrication and interrogation of simple and highly sensitive fiber-optic refractive index (RI) sensors based on ball resonators built on the tip of single-mode fibers. The probes have been fabricated through a CO2 fiber splicer, with a fast (~600 s) and repeatable method. The ball resonator acted as a weak interferometer with a return loss below −50 dB and was interrogated with an optical backscatter reflectometer measuring the reflection spectrum. The ball resonators behaved as weak interferometers with a shallow fringe and a spectrum that appeared close to a random signal, and RI sensitivity could be measured either through wavelength shift or amplitude change. In this work, we reported four samples having sensitivity ranges 48.9–403.3 nm/RIU and 256.0–566.2 dB/RIU (RIU = refractive index unit). Ball resonators appeared as a sensitive and robust platform for RI sensing in liquid and can be further functionalized for biosensing.
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14
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Sypabekova M, Aitkulov A, Blanc W, Tosi D. Reflector-less nanoparticles doped optical fiber biosensor for the detection of proteins: Case thrombin. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112365. [PMID: 32729497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A miniature biosensing platform based on MgO-based nanoparticle doped optical fiber was developed for the biomolecule detection. The technology used a single mode fiber with MgO-based nanoparticles doped core. The detection was based on collecting the Rayleigh backscattering signatures with increased gain upon the etching of the fiber 1-2 mm away from the tip. The shift from the backscattered signal with the maximum value of the cross-correlation was used to report the results. The sensor exhibited a sensitivity range from 0.75 nm/refractive index unit up to 19.63 nm/refractive index unit for a refractive index range from 1.3329 up to 1.37649. The deposition of the thin gold layer increased the overall sensitivity of the biosensor by 3.7 times for the etched part of the fiber with diameter 8-9 μm. The proposed biosensor was tested for the detection of thrombin molecule concentrations ranging from 0.625 μg/ml to 20 μg/ml. Thiol modified DNA specific aptamers were used to functionalize the gold coated surface of the fiber for the detection. The sensor showed detectable sensitivity and specificity as compared to the other control proteins. The proposed biosensing platform could be multiplexed and can be used in vivo for the detection in clinical settings due to its miniature size, biocompatibility of silica glass and reflector less set up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzhan Sypabekova
- National Laboratory Astana, Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan; Nazarbayev University, School of Medicine, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
| | - Arman Aitkulov
- Nazarbayev University, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Wilfried Blanc
- Université Côte d'Azur, INPHYNI-CNRS UMR 7010, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice, France
| | - Daniele Tosi
- National Laboratory Astana, Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan; Nazarbayev University, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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15
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Cai S, Pan H, González-Vila Á, Guo T, Gillan DC, Wattiez R, Caucheteur C. Selective detection of cadmium ions using plasmonic optical fiber gratings functionalized with bacteria. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:19740-19749. [PMID: 32672244 DOI: 10.1364/oe.397505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Environmental monitoring and potable water control are key applications where optical fiber sensing solutions can outperform other technologies. In this work, we report a highly sensitive plasmonic fiber-optic probe that has been developed to determine the concentration of cadmium ions (Cd2+) in solution. This original sensor was fabricated by immobilizing the Acinetobacter sp. around gold-coated tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs). To this aim, the immobilization conditions of bacteria on the gold-coated optical fiber surface were first experimentally determined. Then, the coated sensors were tested in vitro. The relative intensity of the sensor response experienced a change of 1.1 dB for a Cd2+ concentration increase from 0.1 to 1000 ppb. According to our test procedure, we estimate the experimental limit of detection to be close to 1 ppb. Cadmium ions strongly bind to the sensing surface, so the sensor exhibits a much higher sensitivity to Cd2+ than to other heavy metal ions such as Pb2+, Zn2+ and CrO42- found in contaminated water, which ensures a good selectivity.
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16
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Lobry M, Loyez M, Hassan EM, Chah K, DeRosa MC, Goormaghtigh E, Wattiez R, Caucheteur C. Multimodal plasmonic optical fiber grating aptasensor. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:7539-7551. [PMID: 32225979 DOI: 10.1364/oe.385747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) are now a well-established technology in the scientific literature, bringing numerous advantages, especially for biodetection. Significant sensitivity improvements are achieved by exciting plasmon waves on their metal-coated surface. Nowadays, a large part of advances in this topic relies on new strategies aimed at providing sensitivity enhancements. In this work, TFBGs are produced in both single-mode and multimode telecommunication-grade optical fibers, and their relative performances are evaluated for refractometry and biosensing purposes. TFBGs are biofunctionalized with aptamers oriented against HER2 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2), a relevant protein biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis. In vitro assays confirm that the sensing performances of TFBGs in multimode fiber are higher or identical to those of their counterparts in single-mode fiber, respectively, when bulk refractometry or surface biosensing is considered. These observations are confirmed by numerical simulations. TFBGs in multimode fiber bring valuable practical assets, featuring a reduced spectral bandwidth for improved multiplexing possibilities enabling the detection of several biomarkers.
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17
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Loyez M, Hassan EM, Lobry M, Liu F, Caucheteur C, Wattiez R, DeRosa MC, Willmore WG, Albert J. Rapid Detection of Circulating Breast Cancer Cells Using a Multiresonant Optical Fiber Aptasensor with Plasmonic Amplification. ACS Sens 2020; 5:454-463. [PMID: 31967461 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), which are responsible for metastasis in several forms of cancer, represents an important goal in oncological diagnosis and treatment. These cells remain extremely challenging to detect, despite numerous previous studies, due to their low concentration (1-10 cells/mL of blood). In this work, an all-fiber plasmonic aptasensor featuring multiple narrowband resonances in the near-infrared wavelength range was developed to detect metastatic breast cancer cells. To this aim, specific aptamers against mammaglobin-A were selected and immobilized as receptors on the sensor surface. In vitro assays confirm that the label-free and real-time detection of cancer cells [limit of detection (LOD) of 49 cells/mL] occurs within 5 min, while the additional use of functionalized gold nanoparticles allows a 2-fold amplification of the biosensor response. Differential measurements on selected optical resonances were used to process the sensor response, and results were confirmed by microscopy. The detection of only 10 cancer cells/mL was achieved with relevant specificity against control cells and with quick response time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Médéric Loyez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, University of Mons, Champ de Mars 6, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Eman M. Hassan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Maxime Lobry
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunications Department, University of Mons, Boulevard Dolez 31, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Electronics, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Christophe Caucheteur
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunications Department, University of Mons, Boulevard Dolez 31, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Ruddy Wattiez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, University of Mons, Champ de Mars 6, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Maria C. DeRosa
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - William G. Willmore
- Institute of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Jacques Albert
- Department of Electronics, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
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18
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Sypabekova M, Korganbayev S, González-Vila Á, Caucheteur C, Shaimerdenova M, Ayupova T, Bekmurzayeva A, Vangelista L, Tosi D. Functionalized etched tilted fiber Bragg grating aptasensor for label-free protein detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 146:111765. [PMID: 31606689 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An aptasensor based on etched tilted fiber Bragg grating (eTFBG) is developed on a single-mode optical fiber targeting biomolecule detection. TFBGs were chemically etched using hydrofluoric acid (HF) to partially remove the fiber cladding. The sensor response was coarsely interrogated, resulting on a sensitivity increase from 1.25 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) at the beginning of the process, up to 23.38 nm/RIU at the end of the etching, for a RI range from 1.3418 to 1.4419 RIU. The proposed aptasensor showed improved RI sensitivity as compared to the unetched TFBG, without requiring metal depositions on the fiber surface or polarization control during the measurements. The proposed sensor was tested for the detection of thrombin-aptamer interactions based on silane-coupling surface chemistry, with thrombin concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 40 nM. Functionalized eTFBGs provided a competitive platform for biochemical interaction measurements, showing sensitivity values ranging from 2.3 to 3.3 p.m./nM for the particular case of thrombin detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzhan Sypabekova
- PI National Laboratory Astana, Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan; School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
| | - Sanzhar Korganbayev
- PI National Laboratory Astana, Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Álvaro González-Vila
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunication Department, University of Mons, Boulevard Dolez 31, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Christophe Caucheteur
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunication Department, University of Mons, Boulevard Dolez 31, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Madina Shaimerdenova
- PI National Laboratory Astana, Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Takhmina Ayupova
- PI National Laboratory Astana, Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Aliya Bekmurzayeva
- PI National Laboratory Astana, Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan; School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Luca Vangelista
- School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Daniele Tosi
- PI National Laboratory Astana, Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan; School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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19
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Sun Z, Zheng Y, Fu Y. Graphene-Based Spatial Light Modulator Using Metal Hot Spots. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12193082. [PMID: 31546624 PMCID: PMC6803854 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a graphene-based electric field enhancement structure achieved by several adjacent metal nanoribbons which form the hot spots of the electric field and thus promote the absorption of the single layered graphene below the hot spots. Based on the tunability of the graphene's Fermi level, the absorption rate can be modulated from near 100% to 35% under low electrostatic gating, leading to a 20 dB modulation depth of reflectance. Compared with the existing near infrared spatial light modulators such as optical cavities integrated with graphene and other structures utilizing patterned or highly doped graphene, our design has the advantages of strong optical field enhancement, low power dissipation and high modulation depth. The proposed electro-optic modulator has a promising potential for developing optical communication and exploiting big data interaction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanshan Sun
- College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410072, China.
| | - Yuejun Zheng
- College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410072, China.
| | - Yunqi Fu
- College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410072, China.
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20
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Cai S, González-Vila Á, Zhang X, Guo T, Caucheteur C. Palladium-coated plasmonic optical fiber gratings for hydrogen detection. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:4483-4486. [PMID: 31517912 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.004483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance excitation with tilted fiber Bragg gratings has been typically studied using gold films to target biochemical sensing applications. However, surface plasmons can be excited on other metal coatings as well. In this work, plasmonic optical fiber grating platforms are developed using palladium films. Since the optical properties of this metal differ from the ones of gold, simulations are carried out to define the optimal thickness. Due to the phase transition of palladium in the presence of hydrogen, intensity changes in the optical transmission of the devices are produced. It is demonstrated that these platforms can be used for hydrogen detection at concentrations way below the lower explosive limit.
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21
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Optical Fiber Gratings Immunoassays. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19112595. [PMID: 31181610 PMCID: PMC6603621 DOI: 10.3390/s19112595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Optical fibers are of growing interest for biosensing, especially for point-of-care and biomedical assays. Their intrinsic properties bestow them sought-after assets for the detection of low concentrations of analytes. Tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) photo-inscribed in the core of telecommunication-grade optical fibers are known to be highly-sensitive refractometers. In this work, we present different strategies to use them for label-free immunoassays. Bare, gold-sputtered, gold-electroless-plated (ELP) and hybrid configurations are biofunctionalized with antibodies, aiming at the detection of cancer biomarkers. We discuss the relative performances of the tested configurations and show that each leads to singular key features, which therefore drives their selection as a function of the target application. The most sensitive configuration presents a limit of detection of 10−12 g/mL in laboratory settings and was successfully used ex vivo in freshly resected lung tissues.
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22
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Pawar D, Kale SN. A review on nanomaterial-modified optical fiber sensors for gases, vapors and ions. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:253. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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