1
|
Su ZY, Siak PY, Lwin YY, Cheah SC. Epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: current insights and future outlook. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:919-939. [PMID: 38430391 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10176-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is characterised by its remarkable geographical and ethnic distribution. The interplay between genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections is indicated in the development of NPC. Exposure to tobacco smoking, dietary factors, and inhalants has been associated with the risk of NPC. Genetic association studies have revealed NPC-associated susceptibility loci, including genes involved in immune responses, xenobiotic metabolism, genome maintenance, and cell cycle regulation. EBV exposure timing and strain variation might play a role in its carcinogenicity, although further investigations are required. Other factors including medical history and oral hygiene have been implicated in NPC. Prevention strategies, including primary prevention and secondary prevention through early detection, are vital in reducing mortality and morbidity of NPC. The current review discusses the global and regional distribution of NPC incidences, the risk factors associated with NPC, and the public health implications of these insights. Future investigations should consider international, large-scale prospective studies to elucidate the mechanisms underlying NPC pathogenesis and develop individualized interventions for NPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yi Su
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, 71010 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Pui Yan Siak
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, 71010 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Yu Yu Lwin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar
| | - Shiau-Chuen Cheah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, 71010 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen R, Luo T, Nie J, Chu Y. Blood cancer diagnosis using hyperspectral imaging combined with the forward searching method and machine learning. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:3885-3892. [PMID: 37503555 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00787a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Hyperspectral imaging (HSI), a widely used biosensing technique, has been applied to tumor detection. Rapid, accurate, and low-cost detection of blood cancer using hyperspectral technology remains a challenge. We developed a new method to discriminate blood cancer using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and the forward searching method (FSM). Four commonly used classification models are applied for four types of blood cancer spectra recognition. The support vector machine (SVM) model with the highest recognition accuracy (94.5%) combined with HSI achieves high-precision tumor identification. For higher recognition accuracy and lower hardware barriers, based on the selection probabilities of spectral lines calculated by a multi-objective atomic orbital search method, the FSM is proposed for HSI feature selection. With the proposed method, the wavelength band range of the spectrum is reduced by at least 50%. Compared with the traditional dimensionality reduction methods, the FSM can obtain a higher accuracy rate with lower hardware requirements. These results show that our proposed method can achieve non-invasive rapid screening of blood cancers with lower hardware requirements. Therefore, HSI assisted with FSM and SVM hybrid models can be a powerful and promising tool for blood cancer detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riheng Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grids Operation and Control on Multi-Power Sources Area, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, 422000, China.
| | - Ting Luo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grids Operation and Control on Multi-Power Sources Area, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, 422000, China.
| | - Junfei Nie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grids Operation and Control on Multi-Power Sources Area, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, 422000, China.
| | - Yanwu Chu
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610209, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pan A, Truong TN, Su YH, Dao DY. Circulating Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Potential Application in Resource-Limited Settings. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:676. [PMID: 36832164 PMCID: PMC9954913 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the world's third most lethal cancers. In resource-limited settings (RLS), up to 70% of HCCs are diagnosed with limited curative treatments at an advanced symptomatic stage. Even when HCC is detected early and resection surgery is offered, the post-operative recurrence rate after resection exceeds 70% in five years, of which about 50% occur within two years of surgery. There are no specific biomarkers addressing the surveillance of HCC recurrence due to the limited sensitivity of the available methods. The primary goal in the early diagnosis and management of HCC is to cure disease and improve survival, respectively. Circulating biomarkers can be used as screening, diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers to achieve the primary goal of HCC. In this review, we highlighted key circulating blood- or urine-based HCC biomarkers and considered their potential applications in resource-limited settings, where the unmet medical needs of HCC are disproportionately highly significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Pan
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Thai N. Truong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Campus in Thanh Hoa, Hanoi Medical University, Thanh Hoa 40000, Vietnam
| | - Ying-Hsiu Su
- Department of Translational Medical Science, The Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA
| | - Doan Y Dao
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center of Excellence for Liver Disease in Vietnam, Johns Hopkins University of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo L, Hunag W, Zheng W, Chen F, Wang W, Zhang D, Hu Z, Chu Y. Indirect quantitative analysis of soluble solid content in citrus by the leaves using hyperspectral imaging combined with machine learning. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:491-497. [PMID: 35200888 DOI: 10.1364/ao.440669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the effect of bagging on fruit growth, non-destructive and in situ soluble solid content (SSC) in citrus detection remains a challenge. In this work, a new method for accurately quantifying SSC in citrus using hyperspectral imaging of citrus leaves was proposed. Sixty-five Ehime Kashi No. 28 citruses with surrounding leaves picked at two different times were picked for the experiment. Using the principal components analysis combined with Gaussian process regression model, the correlation coefficients of prediction-real value by citrus and its leaves in cross-validation were 0.972 and 0.986, respectively. In addition, the relationship between citrus leaves and SSC content was further explored, and the possible relationship between chlorophyll in leaves and SSC of citrus was analyzed. Comparing the quantitative analysis results by citrus and its leaves, the results show that the proposed method is a non-destructive and reliable method for determining the SSC by citrus leaves and has broad application prospects in indirect detection of citrus.
Collapse
|
5
|
Li J, Chen F, Huang G, Zhang S, Wang W, Tang Y, Chu Y, Yao J, Guo L, Jiang F. Identification of Graves' ophthalmology by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with machine learning method. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2021; 14:321-328. [PMID: 36637721 PMCID: PMC9743923 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-020-0978-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of the Graves' ophthalmology remains a significant challenge. We identified between Graves' ophthalmology tissues and healthy controls by using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with machine learning method. In this work, the paraffin-embedded samples of the Graves' ophthalmology were prepared for LIBS spectra acquisition. The metallic elements (Na, K, Al, Ca), non-metallic element (O) and molecular bands ((C-N), (C-O)) were selected for diagnosing Graves' ophthalmology. The selected spectral lines were inputted into the supervised classification methods including linear discriminant analysis (LDA), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (kNN), and generalized regression neural network (GRNN), respectively. The results showed that the predicted accuracy rates of LDA, SVM, kNN, GRNN were 76.33%, 96.28%, 96.56%, and 96.33%, respectively. The sensitivity of four models were 75.89%, 93.78%, 96.78%, and 96.67%, respectively. The specificity of four models were 76.78%, 98.78%, 96.33%, and 96.00%, respectively. This demonstrated that LIBS assisted with a nonlinear model can be used to identify Graves' ophthalmopathy with a higher rate of accuracy. The kNN had the best performance by comparing the three nonlinear models. Therefore, LIBS combined with machine learning method can be an effective way to discriminate Graves' ophthalmology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guangqian Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weiliang Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanwu Chu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jian Yao
- School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Lianbo Guo
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Fagang Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bao LH, Ji K, Li D, Liu SS, Song ZY, Xia GH. The biological function and diagnostic value of miR-762 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Chin Med Assoc 2021; 84:498-503. [PMID: 33742996 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low diagnostic efficiency and high metastasis and recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) result in bad survival. A novel diagnostic biomarker is of great importance for the improvement of NPC management. This study aimed to state the biological function and diagnostic values of miR-762 in NPC to provide a novel insight into the detection and therapy of NPC. METHODS The expression of miR-762 in NPC and healthy samples was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and its diagnostic value was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The functional roles of miR-762 in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC cells were assessed by CCK8 and Transwell assay. RESULTS The significant upregulation of miR-762 was observed in NPC serum compared with healthy controls, which was associated with the TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of NPC patients. The ROC curve showed that miR-762 could be a diagnostic biomarker for NPC with high accuracy and specificity. Additionally, miR-762 served as a tumor promoter, which could promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC. CONCLUSION The upregulation of miR-762 in NPC is associated with the disease progression and diagnosis of NPC. miR-762 might be involved in the tumor progression of NPC, which provides a potential therapeutic target for the treatment and management of NPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hao Bao
- Department of Otolaryngology Surgery, Beilun District People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
A plasma-image-assisted method for matrix effect correction in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1107:14-22. [PMID: 32200888 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The matrix effect is one of the main bottlenecks for the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique. In this work, image-assisted, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (IA-LIBS) based on the Lomakin-Scherbe formula was put forward as a correction to the matrix effect. The brightness and area information in the plasma image was extracted to correct the spectral line intensities among which the brightness information characterizes the plasma temperature, and the area information characterizes the ablative mass. To verify the feasibility of this method, the experiment was conducted on metal samples and pressed samples. The method was applied for quantitative analysis of copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg) in metal samples and chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn) in pressed samples. For the metal samples, after correcting the matrix effect by IA-LIBS, the determination coefficient R squared (R2) of Cu I 510.55 nm and Mg I 518.36 nm calibration curves were increased from 0.726 to 0.942 to 0.992 and 0.988, respectively. The root-mean-square-error of cross-validation (RMSECV) and the average relative error (ARE) decreased by 75.10% and 77.18%, respectively. For the pressed samples, R2 of Cr I 520.84 nm and Mn I 403.07 nm calibration curves corrected by IA-LIBS increased from 0.364 to 0.098 to 0.975 and 0.980; and RMSECV and ARE decreased by 77.88% and 83.83%, respectively. The experimental results showed that IA-LIBS had an obvious improvement on elimination of the matrix effect for the different samples and the different elements. Therefore, IA-LIBS will become a promising technology and will greatly promote the development of LIBS in various fields.
Collapse
|
8
|
Shen C, Chan ACS, Chung J, Williams DE, Hajimiri A, Yang C. Computational aberration correction of VIS-NIR multispectral imaging microscopy based on Fourier ptychography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:24923-24937. [PMID: 31510373 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.024923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to the chromatic dispersion properties inherent in all optical materials, even the best-designed multispectral objective will exhibit residual chromatic aberration. Here, we demonstrate a multispectral microscope with a computational scheme based on the Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) to correct these effects in order to render undistorted, in-focus images. The microscope consists of 4 spectral channels ranging from 405 nm to 1552 nm. After the computational aberration correction, it can achieve isotropic resolution enhancement as verified with the Siemens star sample. We image a flip-chip to show the promise of our system to conduct fault detection on silicon chips. This computational approach provides a cost-efficient strategy for high quality multispectral imaging over a broad spectral range.
Collapse
|