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Liu F, Hu H, Zhao D, Liu F, Zhao M. Goos-Hänchen shift in cryogenic defect photonic crystals composed of superconductor HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302142. [PMID: 38722957 PMCID: PMC11081385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
We explore theoretically Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift around the defect mode in superconducting defective photonic crystals (PCs) in cryogenic environment. The defective PCs are constructed by alternating semiconductors and superconductors. A defect mode arises in the photonic bandgap and sensitively depends on environment temperature and hydrostatic pressure. Reflection and transmission coefficient phases make an abruptly jump at the defect mode and giant GH shifts have been achieved around this mode. The maximum GH shift can get as high as 103λ (incident wavelength), which could be modulated by the values of temperature and hydrostatic pressure. This study may be utilized for pressure- or temperature-sensors in cryogenic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmei Liu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Intelligent Control, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Fanghua Liu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Intelligent Control, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhao
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Intelligent Control, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
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Zheng H, Zheng Y, Ouyang M, Fan H, Dai Q, Liu H, Wu L. Electromagnetically induced transparency enabled by quasi-bound states in the continuum modulated by epsilon-near-zero materials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:7318-7331. [PMID: 38439415 DOI: 10.1364/oe.517111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Highly tunable electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with high-quality-factor (Q-factor) excited by combining with the quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BIC) resonances is crucial for many applications. This paper describes all-dielectric metasurface composed of silicon cuboid etched with two rectangular holes into a unit cell and periodically arranged on a SiO2 substrate. By breaking the C2 rotational symmetry of the unit cell, a high-Q factor EIT and double quasi-BIC resonant modes are excited at 1224.3, 1251.9 and 1299.6 nm with quality factors of 7604, 10064 and 15503, respectively. We show that the EIT resonance is caused by destructive interference between magnetic dipole resonances and quasi-BIC dominated by electric quadrupole. Toroidal dipole (TD) and electric quadrupole (EQ) dominate the other two quasi-BICs. The EIT window can be successfully modulated with transmission intensity from 90% to 5% and modulation depths ranging from -17 to 24 dB at 1200-1250 nm by integrating the metasurface with an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material indium tin oxide (ITO) film. Our findings pave the way for the development of applications such as optical switches and modulators with many potential applications in nonlinear optics, filters, and multichannel biosensors.
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Asiri S, Wang LG. Controlling the Goos-Hänchen shift in a double prism structure using three-level Raman gain medium. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22780. [PMID: 38123654 PMCID: PMC10733373 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50254-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We propose a scheme to control the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift of TE and TM reflected light beams in a double-prism structure, where a three-level Raman gain medium is filling the gap between the two prisms. We find that it is possible to control the GH shift in this structure by externally adjusting the optical properties of the Raman gain atomic medium while the gap width between the two prisms is fixed. Inspired by recent successful implementation of the double-prism configuration with an air gap to measure the GH shift, we expected that our proposal to control the GH shift can be achieved experimentally and used in different potential applications of the GH shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Asiri
- Institute of Quantum Technologies and Advanced Computing, KACST, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Li-Gang Wang
- School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Liu J, Chen C, Li X, Li J, Dong D, Liu Y, Fu Y. Tunable dual quasi-bound states in continuum and electromagnetically induced transparency enabled by the broken material symmetry in all-dielectric compound gratings. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:4347-4356. [PMID: 36785405 DOI: 10.1364/oe.479755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dual quasi-bound states in continuum (quasi-BICs) enabled by the broken geometric symmetry offer an effective way to design high-quality photonic devices, yet challenged by tunable functionalities. Here we employ the material asymmetry originating from the tunable material property of phase-change materials to design quasi-BICs in all-dielectric compound gratings. We find the even and odd quasi-BICs are modulated by the geometric and material asymmetries, respectively, and this effect is ensured by two different types of structural symmetries in the compound structure. Particularly, tunable electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be achieved by modulating the material asymmetry. Furthermore, we systematically design the compound gratings consisting of the phase-change material of Sb2Se3 to demonstrate tunable dual quasi-BICs and EITs. Analytical calculations and numerical simulations are performed to verify these findings. Our work provides a promising way to enhance the flexibility of realizing quasi-BICs, which may boost tunable applications in nanodevices assisted by quasi-BICs.
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Xiang L, Liu W, Wei Z, Meng H, Liu H, Guo J, Zhi Y, Huang Z, Li H, Wang F. Strong enhancement of Goos-Hänchen shift through the resonant optical tunneling effect. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:47338-47349. [PMID: 36558664 DOI: 10.1364/oe.476166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The resonant optical tunneling effect (ROTE) originates from the frustrated total reflection effect because unique transmission characteristics are used to study high-sensitivity sensors. In this study, we theoretically demonstrated that choosing a suitable transmission gap made it possible for the ROTE structure based on hexagonal boron nitride and graphene to obtain a large Goos-Hänchen shift as high as tens of thousands of times the incident wavelength at a specific incident angle. The amplitude of the Goos-Hänchen shift was found to be sensitive to the central layer thickness but was also modulated by the tunneling gap on both sides. In addition, adjusting the chemical potential and relaxation time of the graphene sheets could alter the Goos-Hänchen shift. Our work provides a new way to explore the Goos-Hänchen effect and opens the possibility for the application of high-precision measurement technology based on the ROTE.
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Liu D, Liang C, Deng D, Wang G, Zhang L. Asymmetric spin splitting of Laguerre-Gaussian beams in chiral PT-symmetric metamaterials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:41821-41831. [PMID: 36366648 DOI: 10.1364/oe.475024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We systematically study the spin Hall effect of light (SHEL) in chiral PT-symmetric metamaterials when Laguerre Gaussian beams (LG beams) are incident and discover that cross-polarization (rs p, rp s) and intrinsic orbital angular momentum (IOAM) result in an asymmetric splitting of left-spin circularly polarized (LCP) light and right-spin circularly polarized (RCP) light. Additionally, there are spin Hall shift peaks near |rpp | ≪ |rss | (rs s and rp p are Fresnel reflection coefficients). Altering the topological charge number ℓ, the chiral parameter κ, the dimensionless frequency M, and the incident angle θ may also influence the asymmetric spin splitting and displacement peak. We believe that this research will provide new ways to manipulate and enhance the asymmetric spin splitting of light and provide new applications for spin photonic devices.
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Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the nonreciprocity of reflection in parity-time−symmetric (PT-symmetric) Cantor photonic crystals (PCs). Two one-dimensional PCs abiding by the Cantor sequence are PT-symmetric about the center. The PT symmetry and defect cavities in Cantor PCs can induce optical fractal states which are transmission modes. Subsequently, the left and right reflectionless states are located on both sides of a transmission peak. The invisible effect depends on the incident direction and the invisible wavelength can be modulated by the gain–loss factor. This study has potential applications in tunable optical reflectors and invisible cloaks.
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Han P, Li W, Zhou Y, Jiang S, Chang X, Huang A, Zhang H, Xiao Z. Giant and tunable Goos-Hänchen shift with a high reflectance induced by PT-symmetry in atomic vapor. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:30436-30448. [PMID: 34614773 DOI: 10.1364/oe.432082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Goos-Hänchen (GH) shifts of light beams reflected from conventional passive optical systems could be enhanced using the Brewster angle effect or resonance effect, but the maximum GH shift is located at the reflectance minima, which is difficult for experimental detection. In this paper, we present an efficient and flexible scheme to realize complex parity-time (PT)-symmetric periodic optical potentials (complex crystals) in helium atomic vapor. The GH shifts of probe light reflected from the complex crystal are theoretically investigated and large GH shifts could be obtained inside the high-reflection band. When the complex crystal is operated near the coherent perfect absorption-laser point, the maximum GH shift of probe light is exactly located at the reflectance peak. Moreover, the GH shifts could be easily controlled by adjusting the intensity of control light.
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Zheng Z, Zhu Y, Duan J, Qin M, Wu F, Xiao S. Enhancing Goos-Hänchen shift based on magnetic dipole quasi-bound states in the continuum in all-dielectric metasurfaces. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:29541-29549. [PMID: 34615062 DOI: 10.1364/oe.438180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metasurface-mediated bound states in the continuum (BIC) provides a versatile platform for light manipulation at the subwavelength dimension with diverging radiative quality factor and extreme optical localization. In this work, we theoretically propose the magnetic dipole quasi-BIC resonance in asymmetric silicon nanobar metasurfaces to realize giant Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift enhancement by more than three orders of wavelength. In sharp contrast to GH shift based on the Brewster dip or transmission-type resonance, the maximum GH shift here is located at the reflection peak with unity reflectance, which can be conveniently detected in the experiment. By adjusting the asymmetric parameter of metasurfaces, the Q-factor and GH shift can be modulated accordingly. More interestingly, it is found that GH shift exhibits an inverse quadratic dependence on the asymmetric parameter. Furthermore, we theoretically design an ultrasensitive environmental refractive index sensor based on the quasi-BIC enhanced GH shift, with a maximum sensitivity of 1.5×107 μm/RIU. Our work not only reveals the essential role of BIC in engineering the basic optical phenomena but also suggests the way for pushing the performance limits of optical communication devices, information storage, wavelength division de/multiplexers, and ultrasensitive sensors.
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Yuan JQ, Zhao B, Sun LS, Wu LT, Guo TJ, Kang M, Chen J. Optical super-resonance in a customized P T-symmetric system of hybrid interaction. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:24663-24673. [PMID: 34614817 DOI: 10.1364/oe.432105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the optical resonances in coupled meta-atoms with hybrid interaction pathways. One interaction pathway is the directly near-field coupling between the two meta-atoms. The other interaction pathway is via the continuum in a waveguide functioned as a common bus connecting them. We show that by properly introducing gain or loss into the meta-atoms, the hybrid optical system becomes parity-time (P T) symmetric, in which the effective coupling rate can be customized by manipulating the length of the waveguide. At the exact phase of the customized P T symmetry, the coupled meta-atoms support discrete super-resonant modes that can be observed from the transmission spectra as extremely sharp peaks. At an exception point where the eigenmodes coalesce, albeit the transmission curve is flat, a high-Q factor of the localized field in the meta-atoms can be obtained. Similarities of the super-resonance with the bound states in the continuum (BICs) are discussed. This investigation promotes our understanding about the ways in realizing high-Q optical resonance especially by manipulating the distributions of loss and gain via the concepts of P T and BICs. Many attractive applications are expected.
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Zhou Q, Fu Y, Huang L, Wu Q, Miroshnichenko A, Gao L, Xu Y. Geometry symmetry-free and higher-order optical bound states in the continuum. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4390. [PMID: 34282146 PMCID: PMC8290025 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Geometrical symmetry plays a significant role in implementing robust, symmetry-protected, bound states in the continuum (BICs). However, this benefit is only theoretical in many cases since fabricated samples' unavoidable imperfections may easily break the stringent geometrical requirements. Here we propose an approach by introducing the concept of geometrical-symmetry-free but symmetry-protected BICs, realized using the static-like environment induced by a zero-index metamaterial (ZIM). We find that robust BICs exist and are protected from the disordered distribution of multiple objects inside the ZIM host by its physical symmetries rather than geometrical ones. The geometric-symmetry-free BICs are robust, regardless of the objects' external shapes and material parameters in the ZIM host. We further show theoretically and numerically that the existence of those higher-order BICs depends only on the number of objects. By practically designing a structural ZIM waveguide, the existence of BICs is numerically confirmed, as well as their independence on the presence of geometrical symmetry. Our findings provide a way of realizing higher-order BICs and link their properties to the disorder of photonic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjia Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Fu
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics & Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics (NUAA), MIIT, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lujun Huang
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Qiannan Wu
- School of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Andrey Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Lei Gao
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yadong Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Material for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Liu R, Wang G, Deng D, Zhang T. Spin Hall effect of Laguerre-Gaussian beams in PT symmetric metamaterials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:22192-22201. [PMID: 34265989 DOI: 10.1364/oe.427869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spin Hall effect (SHE) of Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams reflected and transmitted in parity-time (PT) symmetric metamaterials are investigated near the coherent-perfect-absorption (CPA)-laser point and exceptional points (EPs). The numerical results show that large transverse shifts occur at the CPA-laser point regardless of the incident direction. But at EPs, the SHE increases at one side and disappears at the other side, thus achieving the intense SHE of the reflected light beams at the specified side incidence. In addition, it is found that Bragg oscillation can be generated by increasing the period number of PT symmetric metamaterial layers, thus increasing the number of formants in transverse displacement. In particular, the transverse shift peaks of the transmitted beams merge into a positive peak when the incident angle is close to 90∘ and does not change basically with the increasing of Im(ɛ), which can also be considered as a strong tolerance to the variation of Im(ɛ). This feature is expected to realize a new type of optoelectronic devices with anti-interference performance. These results provide a feasible path for the modulation of spin Hall effect of light (SHEL) and provide the possibility for the development of new nanophotonic devices.
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Tao J, Liu J, Dong D, Liu Y, Fu Y. Extraordinary wave modes in purely imaginary metamaterials beyond the critical angle. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:2874-2883. [PMID: 33726474 DOI: 10.1364/oe.415293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
When waves are incident from a high-index medium to a low one, total reflection occurs commonly for the incidence beyond the critical angle. However, this common sense is broken by a purely imaginary metamaterial (PIM), which also supports a real refraction index yet with pure loss and gain elements in their permittivity and permeability. We find that even beyond the critical angle of a lower-index PIM slab, some extraordinary wave modes including laser, anti-laser, perfect attenuator and perfect amplifier can appear. The general conditions of these wave modes are theoretically given out and the underlying mechanisms are revealed. Also, we study the influence of incident polarizations, geometric thickness and the parameters of the PIM slab on these extraordinary wave modes, with more wave propagation behaviors discovered.
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