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Shi J, Zhao J, Zhang H, Fu Y, Qin L, Zhao Y, Feng Y, Chen D, Wang Z. Signal enhancement of the gas detection based on quartz-enhanced photothermal spectroscopy technology. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:27176-27187. [PMID: 39538561 DOI: 10.1364/oe.521916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents an improved gas sensor based on the dual-excitation of quartz-enhanced photothermal spectroscopy (QEPTS) using a single quartz tuning fork (QTF) for signal detection. The silver coating on one side of the QTF was chemically etched to increase the laser power interacted with QTF for QEPTS signal excitation. By etching the silver coating on one side of QTF, the reflection structure between the silver coating of the other side of QTF and the external flat mirror was established. The device uses an absorption gas cell with an optical range length of 3 m, making the laser beam interact with the gas more completely and posing more gas concentration information. Acetylene was selected as the target gas to verify the performance of the sensor. The experimental results show that the signal amplitude with a flat mirror was 1.41 times that without a flat mirror, and 2.47 times that of traditional QEPTS sensor. The system has a minimum detection limit (MDL) of 1.10 ppmv, corresponding to a normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficient (NNEA) of 7.14 × 10-9 cm-1·W·Hz-1/2. Allan variance analysis results show that when the integration time is 700 s, the MDL of the system is 0.21 ppmv. The proposed gas sensor can play an important role on detecting trace gas in many fields.
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Guo M, Chen K, Li C, Xu L, Zhang G, Wang N, Li C, Ma F, Gong Z, Yu Q. High-Sensitivity Silicon Cantilever-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Analyzer with Low Gas Consumption. Anal Chem 2022; 94:1151-1157. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Guo
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Ke Chen
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Guangyin Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Fengxiang Ma
- Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Zhenfeng Gong
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Qingxu Yu
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
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Zhang H, Jin W, Hu M, Hu M, Liang J, Wang Q. Investigation and Optimization of a Line-Locked Quartz Enhanced Spectrophone for Rapid Carbon Dioxide Measurement. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:5225. [PMID: 34372464 PMCID: PMC8347373 DOI: 10.3390/s21155225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a rapid quartz enhanced spectrophone for carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement, in which the laser wavelength was tightly locked to a CO2 absorption line and a custom quartz tuning fork (QTF) operating at 12.5 kHz was employed. The intrinsic QTF oscillation-limited response time, as well as the optimal feedback interval, was experimentally investigated. By tightly locking the laser to the R(16) transition of CO2, we obtained a stable laser operation with its center wavelength variation kept within 0.0002 cm-1, merely three times the laser linewidth. The reported CO2 sensor achieved a detection limit of 7 ppm, corresponding to a normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficient (NNEA) of 4.7 × 10-9 W·cm-1·Hz-1/2, at a response time of 0.5 s. The detection limit can be further improved to 0.45 ppm at an integration time of 270 s, illustrating a good system stability. This spectrophone enables the realization of compact and fast-response gas sensors for many scenarios, where CO2 concentration from sub-ppm to hundreds of thousands of ppm is expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (H.Z.); (Mengpeng Hu); (Mai Hu); (J.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenling Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tunable Laser, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China;
| | - Mengpeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (H.Z.); (Mengpeng Hu); (Mai Hu); (J.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (H.Z.); (Mengpeng Hu); (Mai Hu); (J.L.)
| | - Jingqiu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (H.Z.); (Mengpeng Hu); (Mai Hu); (J.L.)
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (H.Z.); (Mengpeng Hu); (Mai Hu); (J.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Liu L, Huan H, Li W, Mandelis A, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhang X, Yin X, Wu Y, Shao X. Highly sensitive broadband differential infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy with wavelet denoising algorithm for trace gas detection. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2021; 21:100228. [PMID: 33365230 PMCID: PMC7749430 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Enhancement of trace gas detectability using photoacoustic spectroscopy requires the effective suppression of strong background noise for practical applications. An upgraded infrared broadband trace gas detection configuration was investigated based on a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer equipped with specially designed T-resonators and simultaneous differential optical and photoacoustic measurement capabilities. By using acetylene and local air as appropriate samples, the detectivity of the differential photoacoustic mode was demonstrated to be far better than the pure optical approach both theoretically and experimentally, due to the effectiveness of light-correlated coherent noise suppression of non-intrinsic optical baseline signals. The wavelet domain denoising algorithm with the optimized parameters was introduced in detail to greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio by denoising the incoherent ambient interference with respect to the differential photoacoustic measurement. The results showed enhancement of sensitivity to acetylene from 5 ppmv (original differential mode) to 806 ppbv, a fivefold improvement. With the suppression of background noise accomplished by the optimized wavelet domain denoising algorithm, the broadband differential photoacoustic trace gas detection was shown to be an effective approach for trace gas detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Liu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China
- Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave and Photoacoustic Technologies (CADIPT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada
- School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Huiting Huan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China
- Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave and Photoacoustic Technologies (CADIPT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada
- School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China
| | - Andreas Mandelis
- Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave and Photoacoustic Technologies (CADIPT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada
- School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Le Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China
| | - Xueshi Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China
| | - Xukun Yin
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China
| | - Xiaopeng Shao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China
- Corresponding author at: School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China.
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