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Meng X, Du Y, Wu W, Joseph NB, Deng X, Wang J, Ma J, Shi Z, Liu B, Ma Y, Yue F, Zhong N, Xiang PH, Zhang C, Duan CG, Narayan A, Sun Z, Chu J, Yuan X. Giant Superlinear Power Dependence of Photocurrent Based on Layered Ta 2 NiS 5 Photodetector. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2300413. [PMID: 37116118 PMCID: PMC10369293 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Photodetector based on two-dimensional (2D) materials is an ongoing quest in optoelectronics. 2D photodetectors are generally efficient at low illuminating power but suffer severe recombination processes at high power, which results in the sublinear power-dependent photoresponse and lower optoelectronic efficiency. The desirable superlinear photocurrent is mostly achieved by sophisticated 2D heterostructures or device arrays, while 2D materials rarely show intrinsic superlinear photoresponse. This work reports the giant superlinear power dependence of photocurrent based on multilayer Ta2 NiS5 . While the fabricated photodetector exhibits good sensitivity (3.1 mS W-1 per □) and fast photoresponse (31 µs), the bias-, polarization-, and spatial-resolved measurements point to an intrinsic photoconductive mechanism. By increasing the incident power density from 1.5 to 200 µW µm-2 , the photocurrent power dependence varies from sublinear to superlinear. At higher illuminating conditions, prominent superlinearity is observed with a giant power exponent of γ = 1.5. The unusual photoresponse can be explained by a two-recombination-center model where density of states of the recombination centers (RC) effectively closes all recombination channels. The photodetector is integrated into camera for taking photos with enhanced contrast due to superlinearity. This work provides an effective route to enable higher optoelectronic efficiency at extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yuhan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Nesta Benno Joseph
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Xing Deng
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jinjin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jianwen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zeping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Binglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yuanji Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Fangyu Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ni Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ping-Hua Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chun-Gang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Awadhesh Narayan
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Zhenrong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Junhao Chu
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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Guess M, Zavanelli N, Yeo WH. Recent Advances in Materials and Flexible Sensors for Arrhythmia Detection. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15030724. [PMID: 35160670 PMCID: PMC8836661 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Arrhythmias are one of the leading causes of death in the United States, and their early detection is essential for patient wellness. However, traditional arrhythmia diagnosis by expert evaluation from intermittent clinical examinations is time-consuming and often lacks quantitative data. Modern wearable sensors and machine learning algorithms have attempted to alleviate this problem by providing continuous monitoring and real-time arrhythmia detection. However, current devices are still largely limited by the fundamental mismatch between skin and sensor, giving way to motion artifacts. Additionally, the desirable qualities of flexibility, robustness, breathability, adhesiveness, stretchability, and durability cannot all be met at once. Flexible sensors have improved upon the current clinical arrhythmia detection methods by following the topography of skin and reducing the natural interface mismatch between cardiac monitoring sensors and human skin. Flexible bioelectric, optoelectronic, ultrasonic, and mechanoelectrical sensors have been demonstrated to provide essential information about heart-rate variability, which is crucial in detecting and classifying arrhythmias. In this review, we analyze the current trends in flexible wearable sensors for cardiac monitoring and the efficacy of these devices for arrhythmia detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Guess
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (M.G.); (N.Z.)
- Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Nathan Zavanelli
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (M.G.); (N.Z.)
- Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Woon-Hong Yeo
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (M.G.); (N.Z.)
- Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Neural Engineering Center, Institute for Materials, Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-385-5710
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Woo S, Ryu G, Kang SS, Kim TS, Hong N, Han JH, Chu RJ, Lee IH, Jung D, Choi WJ. High-Performance Flexible InAs Thin-Film Photodetector Arrays with Heteroepitaxial Growth Using an Abruptly Graded In xAl 1-xAs Buffer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55648-55655. [PMID: 34779602 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Current infrared thermal image sensors are mainly based on planar firm substrates, but the rigid form factor appears to restrain the versatility of their applications. For wearable health monitoring and implanted biomedical sensing, transfer of active device layers onto a flexible substrate is required while controlling the high-quality crystalline interface. Here, we demonstrate high-detectivity flexible InAs thin-film mid-infrared photodetector arrays through high-yield wafer bonding and a heteroepitaxial lift-off process. An abruptly graded InxAl1-xAs (0.5 < x < 1) buffer was found to drastically improve the lift-off interface morphology and reduce the threading dislocation density twice, compared to the conventional linear grading method. Also, our flexible InAs photodetectors showed excellent optical performance with high mechanical robustness, a peak room-temperature specific detectivity of 1.21 × 109 cm-Hz1/2/W at 3.4 μm, and excellent device reliability. This flexible InAs photodetector enabled by the heteroepitaxial lift-off method shows promise for next-generation thermal image sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwan Woo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02481, South Korea
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Geunhwan Ryu
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Soo Seok Kang
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Tae Soo Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Namgi Hong
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Han
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Rafael Jumar Chu
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
- Division of Nano and Information Technology, KIST School at University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - In-Hwan Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02481, South Korea
| | - Daehwan Jung
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
- Division of Nano and Information Technology, KIST School at University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Won Jun Choi
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
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Patel RP, Pataniya PM, Patel M, Sumesh CK. WSe 2crystals on paper: flexible, large area and broadband photodetectors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:505202. [PMID: 34525463 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac26fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The paper-based photodetector has recently captivated a great deal of attention in various opto-electronics applications because of facile, cost effective and green synthesis. Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides materials are promising for photodetection under the broad spectral range. In this work, we have fabricated paper-based device by rubbing the tungsten di-selenide (WSe2) crystals on paper substrate. Low-cost, facile and green synthesis technique was employed to make a high-performance paper-based WSe2photodetector. Paper-based photodetector was fabricated via non-toxic simply rubbing process of WSe2nanosheets on low-cost bio-degradable paper. The photodetector shows good responsivity of 72.5 μA W-1and detectivity at around 2.4 × 107Jones at very low bias (1.0 V) at wavelength of 780 nm, respectively. Due to good photo-absorption strength, photodetector exhibits excellent photo-response over wide wavelength range from visible to near infrared. This device also shows very good flexibility with a stable photo-response. This device shows a general and reliable study for the design of photodetectors that is eco-friendly and cost-effective. Overall studied results of the fabricated device indicate that they have the ability to be used in large-scale preparation of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul P Patel
- Department of Physical Sciences, P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - Pratik M Pataniya
- Department of Physical Sciences, P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - Meswa Patel
- Department of Physical Sciences, P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - C K Sumesh
- Department of Physical Sciences, P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Changa, Gujarat, India
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