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Hao Y, Yang S, Ling C, Gao Y, Liao Y, Yao Z, Li Z. Ultralarge Pixel Array Photothermal Film based on 3D Self-Suspended Microbridge Structure for Infrared Scene Projection. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2208262. [PMID: 36799189 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Infrared emitter is highly desirable for applications in infrared imaging and infrared stealth technology. It is also a core device in infrared scene generation. Light-driven photothermal film has attracted considerable interest due to its outstanding photothermal properties and easy fabrication. However, the existing photothermal films suffer from low photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) as well as small sizes. The improvement of the PCE is usually achieved at the expense of dynamic frame rate. Here, this work designs and fabricates a photothermal film based on 3D self-suspended microbridge structure. Silicon (Si) microbridges are introduced into each microstructure to manipulate the thermal conductivity of the films. By optimizing the parameters of the Si microbridges, the high PCE and fast frame rate are both achieved. Moreover, the 3D structure microbridge film is 4-inch in diameter, forming an ultralarge array with over 2200 × 2200 pixels. Finally, a high PCE infrared scene projector is realized based on this photothermal film. A visible image is projected on the film, the 3D-microstructured photothermal film absorbs the visible light and emits an infrared image same as the visible one with high resolution and fast frame rate due to the excellent photothermal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Suhui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chen Ling
- Center for Information Research, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yanze Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yingqi Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhaozhao Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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Wei J, MacLeod Carey D, Halet JF, Kahlal S, Saillard JY, Muñoz-Castro A. From 8- to 18-Cluster Electrons Superatoms: Evaluation via DFT Calculations of the Ligand-Protected W@Au 12(dppm) 6 Cluster Displaying Distinctive Electronic and Optical Properties. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:3047-3055. [PMID: 36734972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The iconic W@Au12 icosahedral bare cluster reaches the favorable closed-shell superatomic electron configuration 1S2 1P6 1D10, making it an 18-cluster electron (18-ce) superatom. Here, we pursue the evaluation of a ligand-protected counterpart based on the construction of a fully phosphine-protected [W@Au12(dppm)6] cluster strongly related to the characterized [Au13(dppm)6]5+ homometallic counterpart. The later cluster has the same total number of valence electrons as the former but is considered an 8-ce superatom with 1S2 1P6 configuration. The fundamental differences between 8- and 18-ce species are investigated. The character of the frontier orbitals varies from 1P/1D in the 8-ce case to a 1D/ligand for 18-ce species, enabling an efficient charge transfer toward the ligands upon irradiation, being interesting for electron injection in optoelectronic devices and black absorbers applications. Excited-state properties are also revisited, showing different geometrical and electronic structure variations between 8- and 18-ce species. Moreover, the continuum between the 8- and 18-ce limits has been explored by varying the nature of the encapsulated dopant between group 6 and group 11. The transition between the 8- and 18-ce counts can be formally situated between Pt (8-ce) and Ir (18-ce). Thus, 18-ce derivatives obtained as doped counterparts of homometallic gold clusters can introduce useful alternatives to achieve different properties in related structural motifs, which can be further explored owing to their extension of the well-established versatility of current gold nanoclusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Wei
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR) - UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, CNRS, F-35000Rennes, France
| | - Desmond MacLeod Carey
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, Santiago7500912, Chile
| | - Jean-François Halet
- CNRS-Saint-Gobain-NIMS, IRL 3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba305-0044, Japan
| | - Samia Kahlal
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR) - UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, CNRS, F-35000Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Yves Saillard
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR) - UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, CNRS, F-35000Rennes, France
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Bellavista 7, Santiago8420524, Chile
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Zhang J, Li D, Li Z, Wang X, Yang S. Demonstration of thermal modulation using nanoscale and microscale structures for ultralarge pixel array photothermal transducers. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2021; 7:102. [PMID: 34917394 PMCID: PMC8642404 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00315-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Large-pixel-array infrared emitters are attractive in the applications of infrared imaging and detection. However, the array scale has been restricted in traditional technologies. Here, we demonstrated a light-driven photothermal transduction approach for an ultralarge pixel array infrared emitter. A metal-black coating with nanoporous structures and a silicon (Si) layer with microgap structures were proposed to manage the thermal input and output issues. The effects of the nanoscale structures in the black coating and microscale structures in the Si layer were investigated. Remarkable thermal modulation could be obtained by adjusting the nanoscale and microscale structures. The measured stationary and transient results of the fabricated photothermal transducers agreed well with the simulated results. From the input view, due to its wide spectrum and high absorption, the black coating with nanoscale structures contributed to a 5.6-fold increase in the temperature difference compared to that without the black coating. From the output view, the microgap structures in the Si layer eliminated the in-plane thermal crosstalk. The temperature difference was increased by 340% by modulating the out-of-plane microstructures. The proposed photothermal transducer had a rising time of 0.95 ms and a falling time of 0.53 ms, ensuring a fast time response. This method is compatible with low-cost and mass manufacturing and has promising potential to achieve ultralarge-array pixels beyond ten million.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinying Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, 314001 Jiaxing, P. R. China
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Defang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, 314001 Jiaxing, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Suhui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, P. R. China
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Munir NB, Mahan JR, Doan LC, Vinh NQ, Priestley KJ. Gold-black manufacture, microstructure, and optical characterization. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:6857-6868. [PMID: 34613167 DOI: 10.1364/ao.430686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A previous contribution formulates a first-principle dipole antenna theory for predicting the polarization-sensitive directional spectral absorptance of gold-black in the near infrared. The current contribution chronicles a successful effort to validate that theory. After a brief review of gold-black history, we describe in some detail the design and construction of a vapor-deposition cell for laying down gold-black coatings on a mirrorlike gold substrate. The microstructure of 4- and 8-µm-thick coatings is revealed using scanning electron microscopy. An automated bench-level reflectometer has been used to measure the in-plane bidirectional reflectivity of the gold-black coatings in the visible (532 nm) and near-infrared (800 nm) for p and s polarization. Measurements are reported over incident zenith angles ranging between 10 and 50 deg. Results obtained using the apparatus are consistent with the dipole antenna theory in this range of incident zenith angles.
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