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Forbes R, Hockett P, Leterrier Q, Lausten R. Efficient (∼10 %) generation of vacuum ultraviolet femtosecond pulses via four-wave mixing in hollow-core fibers. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:3178-3181. [PMID: 38824357 DOI: 10.1364/ol.524719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
We report the generation of the fifth harmonic of Ti:sapphire, at 160 nm, with more than 4 µJ of pulse energy and a pulse length of 37 fs with a 1 kHz repetition rate. The vacuum ultraviolet pulses are produced using four-wave difference frequency mixing in a He-filled stretched hollow-core fiber, driven by a pump at 267 nm and seeded at 800 nm. Guided by simulations using Luna.jl, we are able to optimize the process carefully. The result is a conversion efficiency of ∼10% from the 267 nm pump beam.
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2
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Hu J, Wang X, Liu X, Long Y, Bai P, Wu F, Zhang Z, Chen H, Yang X, Yang X, Qian J, Gui J, Xu Y, Leng Y. Angular dispersion compensation for ultra-broadband pulses by using a cascaded prism and hollow-core fiber configuration. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:37293-37302. [PMID: 36258320 DOI: 10.1364/oe.470545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report that the angular dispersion of the output pulses in a nonlinear process can be efficiently compensated by using a cascaded prism(s) and short hollow-core fiber (HCF) configuration. Here, the prism(s) is used to suppress the angular dispersion and transform it into spatial chirp, while the HCF is used for removing this spatial chirp and the residual angular dispersion, which can also significantly improve the beam quality. The feasibility of this novel method is numerically and experimentally investigated with the ultra-broadband idler pulses centered at 1250 nm wavelength and generated by an LBO crystal based non-collinear optical parametric amplifier. The proof-of-principle experiment shows that the angular dispersion can be effectively removed and ultra-broadband idler pulses with good spectral quality and spatial profile can be obtained. The total transmission efficiency in the experiment is around 67% and the measured M x2 and M y2 can reach 1.12 and 1.04, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported ultra-broadband angular dispersion compensation scheme combining prism(s) and HCF, which can remarkably eliminate the angular dispersion while simultaneously possesses high efficiency, good spectral and beam spatial quality.
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3
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Keil E, Malevich P, Hauer J. Achromatic frequency doubling of supercontinuum pulses for transient absorption spectroscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:39042-39054. [PMID: 34809275 DOI: 10.1364/oe.442400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present achromatic frequency doubling of supercontinuum pulses from a hollow core fiber as a technique for obtaining tunable ultrashort pulses in the near UV and blue spectral range. Pulse energies are stable on a 1.1% level, averaged over 100 000 shots. By the use of conventional optics only, we compress a 0.2 µJ pulse at a center wavelength of 475 nm to a pulse duration of 12 fs, as measured by X-FROG. We test the capabilities of the approach by employing the ASHG-pulses as a pump in a transient absorption experiment on β-carotene in solution.
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4
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Fan G, Carpeggiani PA, Tao Z, Coccia G, Safaei R, Kaksis E, Pugzlys A, Légaré F, Schmidt BE, Baltuška A. 70 mJ nonlinear compression and scaling route for an Yb amplifier using large-core hollow fibers. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:896-899. [PMID: 33577542 DOI: 10.1364/ol.412296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we investigate the energy-scaling rules of hollow-core fiber (HCF)-based nonlinear pulse propagation and compression merged with high-energy Yb-laser technology, in a regime where the effects such as plasma disturbance, optical damages, and setup size become important limiting parameters. As a demonstration, 70 mJ 230 fs pulses from a high-energy Yb laser amplifier were compressed down to 40 mJ 25 fs by using a 2.8-m-long stretched HCF with a core diameter of 1 mm, resulting in a record peak power of 1.3 TW. This work presents a critical advance of a high-energy pulse (hundreds of mJ level) nonlinear interactions platform based on high energy sub-ps Yb technology with considerable applications, including driving intense THz, X-ray pulses, Wakefield acceleration, parametric wave mixing and ultraviolet generation, and tunable long-wavelength generation via enhanced Raman scattering.
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5
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Lekosiotis A, Belli F, Brahms C, Travers JC. Generation of broadband circularly polarized deep-ultraviolet pulses in hollow capillary fibers. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:5648-5651. [PMID: 33057249 DOI: 10.1364/ol.400362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an efficient scheme for the generation of broadband, high-energy, circularly polarized femtosecond laser pulses in the deep ultraviolet through seeded degenerate four-wave mixing in stretched gas-filled hollow capillary fibers. Pumping and seeding with circularly polarized 35 fs pulses centered at 400 nm and 800 nm, respectively, we generate idler pulses centered at 266 nm with 27 µJ of energy and over 95% spectrally averaged ellipticity. Even higher idler energies and broad spectra (27 nm bandwidth) can be obtained at the cost of reduced ellipticity. Our system can be scaled in average power and used in different spectral regions, including the vacuum ultraviolet.
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6
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Ultraviolet Transient Absorption Spectrometer with Sub-20-fs Time Resolution. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8060989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Gibney E. Optics: Leading lights. Nature 2015; 518:154-7. [DOI: 10.1038/518154a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Montz Z, Ishaaya AA. Dual-bandgap hollow-core photonic crystal fibers for third harmonic generation. OPTICS LETTERS 2015; 40:56-59. [PMID: 25531607 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present two novel hybrid photonic structures made of silica that possess two well-separated frequency bandgaps. The addition of interstitial air holes in a precise location and size allows these bandgaps to open with a ratio of ∼3 between their central frequencies at the air line ck(z)/w=1, thus fulfilling the basic guidance condition for third harmonic generation in hollow-core fibers. In addition, these designs may serve for high-power laser delivery of two well-separated wavelengths, such as visible and near infrared.
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9
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Varillas RB, Candeo A, Viola D, Garavelli M, De Silvestri S, Cerullo G, Manzoni C. Microjoule-level, tunable sub-10 fs UV pulses by broadband sum-frequency generation. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:3849-52. [PMID: 24978753 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.003849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a scheme for the generation of tunable few-optical-cycle UV pulses based on sum-frequency generation between a broadband visible pulse and a narrowband pulse ranging from the visible to the near-IR. This configuration generates broadband UV pulses tunable from 0.3 to 0.4 μm, with energy up to 1.5 μJ. By exploiting nonlinear phase transfer, transform-limited pulse durations are achieved. Full characterization of the UV pulse spectral phase is obtained by two-dimensional spectral shearing interferometry, which is here extended to the UV spectral range. We demonstrate clean 8.4 fs UV pulses.
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10
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Sapaev U, Husakou A, Herrmann J. Combined action of the bound-electron nonlinearity and the tunnel-ionization current in low-order harmonic generation in noble gases. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:25582-25591. [PMID: 24150398 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.025582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We study numerically low-order harmonic generation in noble gases pumped by intense femtosecond laser pulses in the tunneling ionization regime. We analyze the influence of the phase-mismatching on this process, caused by the generated plasma, and study in dependence on the pump intensity the origin of harmonic generation arising either from the bound-electron nonlinearity or the tunnel-ionization current. It is shown that in argon the optimum pump intensity of about 100 TW/cm² leads to the maximum efficiency, where the main contribution to low-order harmonics originates from the bound-electron third and fifth order susceptibilities, while for intensities higher than 300 TW/cm² the tunnel-ionization current plays the dominant role. Besides, we predict that VUV pulses at 133 nm can be generated with relatively high efficiency of about 1.5 × 10⁻³ by 400 nm pump pulses.
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11
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Sapaev UK, Babushkin I, Herrmann J. Quasi-phase-matching for third harmonic generation in noble gases employing ultrasound. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:22753-22762. [PMID: 23037426 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.022753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We study a novel method of quasi-phase-matching for third harmonic generation in a gas cell using the periodic modulation of the gas pressure and thus of the third order nonlinear coefficient in the axial direction created by an ultrasound wave. Using a comprehensive numerical model we describe the quasi-phase matched third harmonic generation of UV (at 266 nm) and VUV pulses (at 133 nm) by using pump pulses at 800 nm and 400 nm, respectively, with pulse energy in the range from 3 mJ to 1 J. In addition, using chirped pump pulses, the generation of sub-20-fs VUV pulses without the necessity for an external chirp compensation is predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- U K Sapaev
- Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear optics and Fast Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Str 2a, Berlin D-12489, Germany
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12
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West BA, Moran AM. Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy in the Ultraviolet Wavelength Range. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:2575-81. [PMID: 26295877 DOI: 10.1021/jz301048n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Coherent two-dimensional (2D) spectroscopies conducted at visible and infrared wavelengths are having a transformative impact on the understanding of numerous processes in condensed phases. The extension of 2D spectroscopy to the ultraviolet spectral range (2DUV) must contend with several challenges, including the attainment of adequate laser bandwidth, interferometric phase stability, and the suppression of undesired nonlinearities in the sample medium. Solutions to these problems are motivated by the study of a wide range of biological systems whose lowest-frequency electronic resonances are found in the UV. The development of 2DUV spectroscopy also makes possible the attainment of new insights into elementary chemical reaction dynamics (e.g., electrocyclic ring opening in cycloalkenes). Substantial progress has been made in both the implementation and application of 2DUV spectroscopy in the past several years. In this Perspective, we discuss 2DUV methodology, review recent applications, and speculate on what the future will hold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brantley A West
- †Department of Physics and Astronomy and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Andrew M Moran
- †Department of Physics and Astronomy and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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West BA, Womick JM, Moran AM. Interplay between vibrational energy transfer and excited state deactivation in DNA components. J Phys Chem A 2012; 117:5865-74. [PMID: 22920964 DOI: 10.1021/jp306799e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond laser spectroscopies are used to examine a thymine family of systems chosen to expose the interplay between excited state deactivation and two distinct vibrational energy transfer (VET) pathways: (i) VET from the base to the deoxyribose ring; (ii) VET between neighboring units in a dinucleotide. We find that relaxation in the ground electronic state accelerates markedly as the molecular sizes increase from the nucleobase to the dinucleotide. This behavior directly reflects growth in the density of vibrational quantum states on the substituent of the base. Excited state lifetimes are studied at temperatures ranging from 100 to 300 K to characterize the thermal fluctuations that connect the Franck-Condon geometries and the conical intersections leading back to the ground state. An Arrhenius analysis yields an approximate excited state energy barrier of 13 meV in the thymine dinucleotide. In addition, we find that the transfer of vibrational energy from the base to the substituent suppresses thermal fluctuations across this energy barrier. The possibility that the solvent viscosity imposes friction on the reaction coordinate is examined by comparing thymine and adenine systems. Experiments suggest that the solvent viscosity has little effect on barrier crossing dynamics in thymine because the conical intersection is accessed through relatively small out-of-plane atomic displacements. Overall, we conclude that the transfer of vibrational quanta from thymine to the deoxyribose ring couples significantly to the internal conversion rate, whereas the neighboring unit in the dinucleotide serves as a secondary heat bath. In natural DNA, it follows that (local) thermal fluctuations in the geometries of subunits involving the base and deoxyribose ring are most important to this subpicosecond relaxation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brantley A West
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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14
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Zaitsu SI, Imasaka T. Control of quantum pathways for the generation of continuous-wave Raman sidebands. OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 19:24298-24307. [PMID: 22109456 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.024298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The generation of a multifrequency continuous-wave laser through stimulated Raman scattering and phase-matched four-wave mixing in a medium-filled optical cavity is demonstrated. Three different quantum pathways for the four-wave mixing, two of them degenerate and one of them nondegenerate, can be excited independently by tuning the intracavity dispersion. The results suggest that phase-matched Raman sidebands were generated on the longer wavelength side as well as on the shorter wavelength side, which can be used for the Fourier synthesis of a train of ultrashort optical pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichi Zaitsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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15
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West BA, Womick JM, Moran AM. Influence of temperature on thymine-to-solvent vibrational energy transfer. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:114505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3628451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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West BA, Womick JM, Moran AM. Probing ultrafast dynamics in adenine with mid-UV four-wave mixing spectroscopies. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:8630-7. [PMID: 21756005 DOI: 10.1021/jp204416m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Heterodyne-detected transient grating (TG) and two-dimensional photon echo (2DPE) spectroscopies are extended to the mid-UV spectral range in this investigation of photoinduced relaxation processes of adenine in aqueous solution. These experiments are the first to combine a new method for generating 25 fs laser pulses (at 263 nm) with the passive phase stability afforded by diffractive optics-based interferometry. We establish a set of conditions (e.g., laser power density, solute concentration) appropriate for the study of dynamics involving the neutral solute. Undesired solute photoionization is shown to take hold at higher peak powers of the laser pulses. Signatures of internal conversion and vibrational cooling dynamics are examined using TG measurements with signal-to-noise ratios as high as 350 at short delay times. In addition, 2DPE line shapes reveal correlations between excitation and emission frequencies in adenine, which reflect electronic and nuclear relaxation processes associated with particular tautomers. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of techniques that will hold many advantages for the study of biomolecules whose lowest-energy electronic resonances are found in the mid-UV (e.g., DNA bases, amino acids).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brantley A West
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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17
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Nold J, Hölzer P, Joly NY, Wong GKL, Nazarkin A, Podlipensky A, Scharrer M, Russell PSJ. Pressure-controlled phase matching to third harmonic in Ar-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. OPTICS LETTERS 2010; 35:2922-2924. [PMID: 20808370 DOI: 10.1364/ol.35.002922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report tunable third-harmonic generation (THG) in an Ar-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, pumped by broadband <2 microJ, 30 fs pulses from an amplified Ti:sapphire laser system. The overall dispersion is precisely controlled by balancing the negative dielectric susceptibility of the waveguide against the positive susceptibility of the gas. We demonstrate THG to a higher-order guided mode and show that the phase-matched UV wavelength is tunable by adjusting the gas pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nold
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Günther-Scharowsky-Strasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Rivera CA, Bradforth SE, Tempea G. Gires-Tournois interferometer type negative dispersion mirrors for deep ultraviolet pulse compression. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:18615-18624. [PMID: 20940753 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.018615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Typical femtosecond pulse compression of deep ultraviolet radiation consists of prism or diffraction grating pair chirp compensation but, both techniques introduce higher-order dispersion, spatial-spectral beam distortion and poor transmission. While negatively chirped dielectric mirrors have been used to compress near infrared and visible pulses to <10 fs, there has been no extension of this technique below 300 nm. We demonstrate the use of Gires-Tournois interferometer (GTI) negative dispersion multilayer dielectric mirrors designed for pulse compression in the deep ultraviolet region. GTI mirror designs are more robust than chirped mirrors and, can provide sufficient bandwidth for the compression of sub-30-fs pulses in the UV wavelength range. Compression of a 5 nm (FWHM) pulse centered between 266 and 271 nm to 30 fs has been achieved with less pulse broadening due to high-order dispersion and no noticeable spatial deformation, thereby improving the resolution of ultrafast techniques used to study problems such as fast photochemical reaction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
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19
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Darginavicius J, Tamosauskas G, Piskarskas A, Dubietis A. Generation of 30-fs ultraviolet pulses by four-wave optical parametric chirped pulse amplification. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:16096-16101. [PMID: 20720994 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.016096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report on the generation of approximately 30-fs ultraviolet pulses with approximately 10 microJ energy by means of four-wave optical parametric chirped pulse amplification in fused silica. The four-wave optical parametric amplifier is pumped by the second-harmonic of the Ti:sapphire laser and is seeded by visible broadband chirped signal pulses. The idler pulses are produced in the ultraviolet by four-wave mixing and are compressed in a medium with normal group velocity dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Darginavicius
- Department of Quantum Electronics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 9, bldg.3, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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20
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Liu J, Kobayashi T. Generation and amplification of tunable multicolored femtosecond laser pulses by using cascaded four-wave mixing in transparent bulk media. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2010; 10:4296-341. [PMID: 22399882 PMCID: PMC3292121 DOI: 10.3390/s100504296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 04/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We have reviewed the generation and amplification of wavelength-tunable multicolored femtosecond laser pulses using cascaded four-wave mixing (CFWM) in transparent bulk media, mainly concentrating on our recent work. Theoretical analysis and calculations based on the phase-matching condition could explain well the process semi-quantitatively. The experimental studies showed: (1) as many as fifteen spectral up-shifted and two spectral down-shifted sidebands were obtained simultaneously with spectral bandwidth broader than 1.8 octaves from near ultraviolet (360 nm) to near infrared (1.2 μm); (2) the obtained sidebands were spatially separated well and had extremely high beam quality with M(2) factor better than 1.1; (3) the wavelengths of the generated multicolor sidebands could be conveniently tuned by changing the crossing angle or simply replacing with different media; (4) as short as 15-fs negatively chirped or nearly transform limited 20-fs multicolored femtosecond pulses were obtained when one of the two input beams was negatively chirped and the other was positively chirped; (5) the pulse energy of the sideband can reach a μJ level with power stability better than 1% RMS; (6) broadband two-dimensional (2-D) multicolored arrays with more than ten periodic columns and more than ten rows were generated in a sapphire plate; (7) the obtained sidebands could be simultaneously spectra broadened and power amplified in another bulk medium by using cross-phase modulation (XPM) in conjunction with four-wave optical parametric amplification (FOPA). The characterization showed that this is interesting and the CFWM sidebands generated by this novel method have good enough qualities in terms of power stability, beam quality, and temporal features suited to various experiments such as ultrafast multicolor time-resolved spectroscopy and multicolor-excitation nonlinear microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry and Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Chofugaoka 1-5-1, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan; E-Mail:
- International Cooperative Research Project (ICORP), Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry and Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Chofugaoka 1-5-1, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan; E-Mail:
- International Cooperative Research Project (ICORP), Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadakami 2-6, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Wang Z, Liu J, Li R, Xu Z. Wavefront control to generate ultraviolet supercontinuum by filamentation of few-cycle laser pulses in argon. OPTICS LETTERS 2010; 35:163-165. [PMID: 20081955 DOI: 10.1364/ol.35.000163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We numerically demonstrated the filamentation dynamics of a 6 fs, 800 nm pulse focused in argon at atmospheric pressure by a zone plate and a concave mirror. In comparison with a concave mirror, the zone plate has a frequency-dependent focal length and can be used to control the wavefront of the laser beam in the frequency domain. A separate supercontinuum in the ultraviolet region extending from 250 to 300 nm and peaked at ~280 nm can be generated by using a proper zone plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 800-211, Shanghai 201800, China
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22
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Février S, Gérôme F, Labruyère A, Beaudou B, Humbert G, Auguste JL. Ultraviolet guiding hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. OPTICS LETTERS 2009; 34:2888-2890. [PMID: 19794757 DOI: 10.1364/ol.34.002888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present what we believe to be the first experimental demonstration of low-loss guiding of UV radiation in hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. The "kagomé" latticed fiber was designed to guide 0.355 microm wavelength radiation with approximately 2 dB/m loss. Moreover, an excellent agreement between modeling and experimental results was obtained. From this comparison it was inferred that propagation loss only arises from the lack of confinement, thereby indicating that such fibers may be designed for even shorter wavelengths where material loss prohibits the use of fused silica as a core material. As an example, a fiber was designed to be operated at 0.25 microm with 0.4 dB/m loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Février
- Xlim UMR 6172, CNRS-University of Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, France.
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Faccio D, Grün A, Bates PK, Chalus O, Biegert J. Optical amplification in the near-infrared in gas-filled hollow-core fibers. OPTICS LETTERS 2009; 34:2918-2920. [PMID: 19794767 DOI: 10.1364/ol.34.002918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate efficient optical parametric amplification and generation in a gas-filled hollow-core fiber of near-infrared pulses, peaked at 1.4 microm wavelength, with 5 microJ energy and 45 fs duration at the fiber output. Numerical simulations confirm that the OPA is phase matched through excitation of higher-order fiber modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Faccio
- ICFO-Institut de Ciènces Fotòniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.
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Zhao B, Jiang Y, Sueda K, Miyanaga N, Kobayashi T. Sub-15fs ultraviolet pulses generated by achromatic phase-matching sum-frequency mixing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:17711-17714. [PMID: 19907556 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.017711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A broadband ultraviolet pulse with a spectral width of 44 nm was generated by achromatic sum-frequency mixing of an 805-nm pulse and ultrabroadband visible pulse. Angular dispersion was introduced to achieve broadband phase matching by a prism pair. The UV pulse was compressed to 13.2 fs with another prism pair, with energy of 600 nJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhen Zhao
- International Cooperative Research Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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Wang Z, Liu J, Li R, Xu Z. Supercontinuum generation and pulse compression from gas filamentation of femtosecond laser pulses with different durations. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:13841-13850. [PMID: 19654790 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.013841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Self-compression and spectral supercontinuum (SC) generated by filamentation of femtosecond laser pulses with duration from 45 fs down to 6 fs in argon gas have been numerically investigated. A 45-fs pulse can be self-compressed into a few-cycle pulse with duration of 12 fs at the post-filamentation region. By properly employing a high-pass filter to select the broadening high-frequency spectra which are almost in phase, the pulse can be further shortened to about 7 fs. By contrast, a 6-fs pulse cannot be further self-compressed into a shorter pulse by filamentation although it can generate much broader SC extending from 200 nm to 1300 nm. It is also found that a separate and strong SC in the ultraviolet (UV) region extending from 220 nm to 300 nm and peaked at about 255 nm can be generated at proper propagation distances, which corresponds to a pulse with duration of about 5 fs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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26
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Lui J, Kobayashi T, Wang Z. Generation of broadband two-dimensional multicolored arrays in a sapphire plate. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:9226-9234. [PMID: 19466173 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.009226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Broadband 2-D multicolored arrays with more than ten periodic columns and more than ten rows were generated in a sapphire plate using two crossed femtosecond laser beams overlapping in time and space. These multicolored 2-D arrays were sensitive to rotation of the sapphire plate in the plane normal to the incident beams. The broadband spectrum, pulse duration less than 40fs, and less than 1%RMS power stability of the array signals make them well suited for various applications, for example multicolor pump-probe experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lui
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry and Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro- Communications, Chofugaoka 1-5-1, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
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27
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Beutler M, Ghotbi M, Noack F, Brida D, Manzoni C, Cerullo G. Generation of high-energy sub-20 fs pulses tunable in the 250-310 nm region by frequency doubling of a high-power noncollinear optical parametric amplifier. OPTICS LETTERS 2009; 34:710-712. [PMID: 19282907 DOI: 10.1364/ol.34.000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the generation of powerful sub-20 fs deep UV pulses with 10 microJ level energy and broadly tunable in the 250-310 nm range. These pulses are produced by frequency doubling a high-power noncollinear optical parametric amplifier and compressed by a pair of MgF2 prisms to an almost transform-limited duration. Our results provide a power scaling by an order of magnitude with respect to previous works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Beutler
- Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Berlin, Germany.
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28
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Babushkin IV, Noack F, Herrmann J. Generation of sub-5 fs pulses in vacuum ultraviolet using four-wave frequency mixing in hollow waveguides. OPTICS LETTERS 2008; 33:938-940. [PMID: 18451945 DOI: 10.1364/ol.33.000938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the potential of four-wave mixing in dielectric hollow waveguides for vacuum ultraviolet pulse generation with unprecedented short durations. Taking into account higher-order transverse modes and plasma effects we predict the generation of a 2.5 fs pulse at 160 nm using an intense 10 fs, 800 nm pulse and its weaker third harmonic at 267 nm, both coupled to the fundamental transverse mode. Excitation of higher transverse modes allows an increase of the signal energy (up to by a factor of 20) but with a pulse duration of 13 fs (compressible to 7.7 fs).
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Babushkin
- Max-Born-Institut for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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29
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Valtna H, Tamosauskas G, Dubietis A, Piskarskas A. High-energy broadband four-wave optical parametric amplification in bulk fused silica. OPTICS LETTERS 2008; 33:971-973. [PMID: 18451956 DOI: 10.1364/ol.33.000971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Efficient broadband four-wave optical parametric amplification in bulk Kerr medium (fused silica) is demonstrated by means of noncollinear phase matching and cylindrical focusing geometry without the onset of beam breakup and filamentation. Amplified signal energy as high as 180 microJ with 1 ps, 1.8 mJ pumping at 1,055 nm is achieved with pump-to-signal energy conversion close to 10%. More than 70 nm FWHM parametric gain bandwidth around 740 nm is demonstrated without imposing angular dispersion on the frequency components of the broadband seed signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Valtna
- Department of Quantum Electronics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Avenue 9, Bldg. 3, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
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30
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Bergé L, Skupin S. Sub-2 fs pulses generated by self-channeling in the deep ultraviolet. OPTICS LETTERS 2008; 33:750-752. [PMID: 18382539 DOI: 10.1364/ol.33.000750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The generation of sub-2 fs light pulses in the UV is numerically demonstrated, using frequency conversion in filamentation regime. Few-cycle pulses emitted at 266 nm keep their temporal shape over several tens of centimeters. Self-compression results from the interplay between Kerr self-focusing and a low-density plasma, which continuously defocuses the pulse over extended propagation ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bergé
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Application, CEA/DAM Ile de France, Bruyeres-le-Chatel, Arpajon cedex, France.
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31
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Cohen O, Popmintchev T, Gaudiosi DM, Murnane MM, Kapteyn HC. Unified microscopic-macroscopic formulation of high-order difference-frequency mixing in plasmas. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:043903. [PMID: 17358769 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.043903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigate high-order difference-frequency mixing in plasmas, taking into account the microscopic rescattering physics and propagation effects for the first time. We show that phase matching can occur over a broad frequency range, up to very high photon energies, and that it is confined to specific temporal and spatial windows. This gated phase matching mechanism is driven by the continuous phase slip between two driving fields and can be employed for manipulating the temporal, spatial, and spectral properties of high harmonic emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Cohen
- JILA, University of Colorado, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
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32
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Moskun AC, Jailaubekov AE, Bradforth SE, Tao G, Stratt RM. Rotational Coherence and a Sudden Breakdown in Linear Response Seen in Room-Temperature Liquids. Science 2006; 311:1907-11. [PMID: 16574863 DOI: 10.1126/science.1123738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Highly energized molecules normally are rapidly equilibrated by a solvent; this finding is central to the conventional (linear-response) view of how chemical reactions occur in solution. However, when a reaction initiated by 33-femtosecond deep ultraviolet laser pulses is used to eject highly rotationally excited diatomic molecules into alcohols and water, rotational coherence persists for many rotational periods despite the solvent. Molecular dynamics simulations trace this slow development of molecular-scale friction to a clearly identifiable molecular event: an abrupt liquid-structure change triggered by the rapid rotation. This example shows that molecular relaxation can sometimes switch from linear to nonlinear response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C Moskun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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33
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34
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Moskun AC, Bradforth SE. Photodissociation of ICN in polar solvents: Evidence for long lived rotational excitation in room temperature liquids. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1591726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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36
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Bartels RA, Wagner NL, Baertschy MD, Wyss J, Murnane MM, Kapteyn HC. Phase-matching conditions for nonlinear frequency conversion by use of aligned molecular gases. OPTICS LETTERS 2003; 28:346-348. [PMID: 12659439 DOI: 10.1364/ol.28.000346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Transient birefringence can be induced in a gas of anisotropic molecules by an intense polarized laser pulse. We propose to use this birefringence to phase match nonlinear optical frequency-conversion processes. The conditions for anisotropic phase matching are derived, and experimental conditions required for phase-matched third-harmonic generation in a gas-filled hollow-core fiber are presented. We show that these conditions are experimentally feasible over a significant parameter range, making possible a new type of nonlinear optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Bartels
- JILA and the Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA.
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37
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Nienhuys HK, Planken PC, van Santen RA, Bakker HJ. Generation of mid-infrared pulses by X(3) difference frequency generation in CaF(2) and BaF(2). OPTICS LETTERS 2001; 26:1350-1352. [PMID: 18049605 DOI: 10.1364/ol.26.001350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Tunable mid-IR pulses in the range 1300-4200 cm(-1) (7.7-2.4 microm) are generated through a phase-matched four-wave mixing process in ordinary mid-IR window materials such as CaF(2) and BaF(2) . In this process the difference frequency v(3)=2v(2)-v(1) is generated from pump fields v(1) and v(2) . The process can be phase matched to different frequencies by adjustment of the angle between the pump fields.
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38
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Misoguti L, Backus S, Durfee CG, Bartels R, Murnane MM, Kapteyn HC. Generation of broadband VUV light using third-order cascaded processes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:013601. [PMID: 11461465 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.013601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2000] [Revised: 02/01/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report the first demonstration of broadband VUV light generation through cascaded nonlinear wave mixing in a gas. Using a hollow-fiber geometry to achieve broad-bandwidth phase-matching, frequency conversion of ultrashort-pulse Ti:sapphire laser pulses from the visible into the deep UV around 200 and 160 nm is achieved. A new type of quasi-phase-matching is also observed in the VUV for the first time. Conversion using cascaded processes exhibits higher efficiencies, shorter pulse durations, and broader bandwidths than other schemes for generating light in the deep UV, and will enable many applications in science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Misoguti
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
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39
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Togashi T, Nabekawa N, Sekikawa T, Watanabe S. Generation of milliwatt narrow-bandwidth vacuum ultraviolet radiation by an all-solid-state tunable high-average-power laser system. OPTICS LETTERS 2001; 26:831-833. [PMID: 18040465 DOI: 10.1364/ol.26.000831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Generation of milliwatt narrow-bandwidth vacuum ultraviolet radiation by two-photon resonant four-wave mixing in Xe at 153 nm is demonstrated. The output of extreme ultraviolet radiation was at the microwatt level at 85 nm. For this demonstration, we developed an all-solid-state tunable 5-kHz Ti:sapphire laser system that produces 0.6-ns 0.7-GHz-bandwidth pulses at an average power of 32 W at the fundamental, 12 W at the second harmonic, and 6.3 W at the third harmonic.
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40
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The internal conversions of trans- and cis-1,3,5-hexatriene in cyclohexane solution studied with sub-50 fs UV pulses. Chem Phys Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(00)00493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Homoelle D, Gaeta AL. Nonlinear propagation dynamics of an ultrashort pulse in a hollow waveguide. OPTICS LETTERS 2000; 25:761-763. [PMID: 18064176 DOI: 10.1364/ol.25.000761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical investigation of the self-focusing dynamics of femtosecond pulses in a hollow waveguide. We show that transverse effects play an important role in these dynamics, even for pulses that are significantly below the critical power for self-focusing in free space, and that excitation of higher-order modes of the waveguide results in the spreading of the pulse in time. Inclusion of self-steepening and space-time focusing in our model is necessary for properly capturing the pulse dynamics.
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42
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Fibich G, Gaeta AL. Critical power for self-focusing in bulk media and in hollow waveguides. OPTICS LETTERS 2000; 25:335-337. [PMID: 18059872 DOI: 10.1364/ol.25.000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We determine the threshold power for self-focusing collapse both in a bulk medium and in a hollow-core waveguide for various spatial profiles. We find that the threshold power for collapse in the waveguide is always equal to the lower-bound prediction for a bulk medium.
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43
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44
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Lejnine S, Durfee G, Murnane M, Kapteyn HC, Makarov VL, Langmore JP. Crosslinking of proteins to DNA in human nuclei using a 60 femtosecond 266 nm laser. Nucleic Acids Res 1999; 27:3676-84. [PMID: 10471736 PMCID: PMC148622 DOI: 10.1093/nar/27.18.3676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed appropriate conditions to use a laser with 60 femtosecond pulses, a frequency of 1 KHz and a wavelength of 266 nm to efficiently crosslink proteins to DNA in human nuclei for the purpose of using immunoprecipitation to study the binding of specific proteins to specific sequences of DNA under native conditions. Irradiation of nuclei for 30 min with 1-3 GW/cm(2)pulses crosslinked 10-12% of total protein to DNA. The efficiency of crosslinking was dose and protein specific. Histones H1 and H3 were crosslinked by 15 min of irradiation with 20-25% efficiency, at least 10 times more strongly than the other histones, consistent with experiments using conventional UV light. Irradiation for 15 min did not damage proteins, as assayed by SDS-PAGE of Ku-70 and histones. Although the same level of irradiation did not cause double-strand breaks, it did make the DNA partially insensitive to Eco RI restriction enzyme, probably through formation of thymidine dimers. Immuno-analysis of crosslinked nucleoprotein showed that Ku crosslinking to nuclear DNA is detectable only in the presence of breaks in the DNA, and that nucleosomes are bound to a significant fraction of the telomeric repeat (TTAGGG) (n).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lejnine
- Biophysics Research Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1055, USA
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45
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Durfee CG, Backus S, Kapteyn HC, Murnane MM. Intense 8-fs pulse generation in the deep ultraviolet. OPTICS LETTERS 1999; 24:697-699. [PMID: 18073827 DOI: 10.1364/ol.24.000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
By use of the recently developed technique of guided-wave frequency conversion, the generation of sub-10-fs light pulses in the UV has been demonstrated for what is believed to be the first time. Cross-phase modulation of the light in a hollow waveguide produced a bandwidth of 16 nm, with a center frequency of 270 nm, at 1 kHz. A simple grating pair was used to compress the pulses to a duration of 8 fs, as measured by self-diffraction frequency-resolved optical gating. In the experiment the compressed energy was greater than 1 muJ , with a peak power of >100 MW ; the technique can be scaled to higher energy. Further improvements should make it possible to generate pulses as short as approximately 3 fs with this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Durfee
- Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, 2200 Bonisteel Boulevard, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2099, USA
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46
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Zheltikov AM, Koroteev NI. Coherent four-wave mixing in excited and ionized gas media: four-photon spectrochronography, ellipsometry, and nonlinear-optical imaging of atoms and ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.3367/ufnr.0169.199904b.0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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47
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Dühr O, Nibbering ET, Korn G, Tempea G, Krausz F. Generation of intense 8-fs pulses at 400 nm. OPTICS LETTERS 1999; 24:34-36. [PMID: 18071399 DOI: 10.1364/ol.24.000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Frequency-doubled pulses from a sub-40-fs, 1-kHz Ti:sapphire amplifier system are spectrally broadened in an argon-filled hollow waveguide. Compression of the self-phase-modulated pulses is implemented with chirped mirrors and a prism pair, yielding 8-fs, 15-muJ pulses in the violet spectral range.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Dühr
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Rudower Chaussee 6, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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48
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Rundquist A, Durfee CG, Chang Z, Herne C, Backus S, Murnane MM, Kapteyn HC. Phase-matched generation of coherent soft X-rays. Science 1998; 280:1412-5. [PMID: 9603725 DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5368.1412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Phase-matched harmonic conversion of visible laser light into soft x-rays was demonstrated. The recently developed technique of guided-wave frequency conversion was used to upshift light from 800 nanometers to the range from 17 to 32 nanometers. This process increased the coherent x-ray output by factors of 10(2) to 10(3) compared to the non-phase-matched case. This source uses a small-scale (sub-millijoule) high repetition-rate laser and will enable a wide variety of new experimental investigations in linear and nonlinear x-ray science.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rundquist
- Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2099, USA
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49
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