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Cao J, Fu Y, Wang T, Li H, Xu H. Air-laser-based coherent Raman spectroscopy of atmospheric molecules in a filamentary plasma grating. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:4308-4311. [PMID: 37582019 DOI: 10.1364/ol.496658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Coherent Raman spectroscopy (CRS) with air-laser-based hybrid femtosecond/picosecond (fs/ps) pulses has shown promising potential for remote detection and surveillance of atmospheric species with high temporal and frequency resolution. Here, to enhance the sensitivity and extend the detection distance, we generate the CRS spectra of air molecules in situ in a filamentary plasma grating, and show that the grating can efficiently enhance the intensities of the coherent vibrational Raman lines of N2, O2, and N2 + by 2-3 orders of magnitude at an extended distance. By examining the intensities of the Raman lines, fs-pulsed supercontinuum, and ps-pulsed air laser produced under different grating conditions, we reveal that the optimization of the Raman lines is achieved by the dynamic balance between the supercontinuum-induced vibrational coherence and air-laser-induced polarization of the air species.
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2
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Li D, Xi T, Zhang L, Tao H, Gao X, Lin J, Hao Z. Interference-induced filament array in fused silica. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:23910-23919. [PMID: 29041341 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.023910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
One- and two-dimensional filament arrays are obtained in fused silica by using two and three interfered femtosecond laser beams, respectively. By modulating the number, cross angle, and azimuth of the beams, the dimension, period, orientation, and geometry of the filament-array can be controlled. The multiple beams interference method provides a convenient and effective method to generate and control the filament array in optical media with multiple degrees of freedom but without any external pulse modulation or focal element.
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He B, Nan J, Li M, Yuan S, Zeng H. Terahertz modulation induced by filament interaction. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:967-970. [PMID: 28248343 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.000967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrated that nonlinear filament interaction could spectrally modulate terahertz (THz) radiation generated from asymmetric two-color filaments. It was the spatial plasma density modulation in plasma channels that induced the THz spectral modulation. As a result of optical manipulation of electron density in the filamentary plasma gratings, the proportion of high-frequency THz spectra increased, while that of low-frequency THz spectra decreased, indicating that the increase of free electron density in the filamentary plasma grating brought about THz frequency upshifts.
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Clerici M, Hu Y, Lassonde P, Milián C, Couairon A, Christodoulides DN, Chen Z, Razzari L, Vidal F, Légaré F, Faccio D, Morandotti R. Laser-assisted guiding of electric discharges around objects. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1400111. [PMID: 26601188 PMCID: PMC4640611 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1400111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Electric breakdown in air occurs for electric fields exceeding 34 kV/cm and results in a large current surge that propagates along unpredictable trajectories. Guiding such currents across specific paths in a controllable manner could allow protection against lightning strikes and high-voltage capacitor discharges. Such capabilities can be used for delivering charge to specific targets, for electronic jamming, or for applications associated with electric welding and machining. We show that judiciously shaped laser radiation can be effectively used to manipulate the discharge along a complex path and to produce electric discharges that unfold along a predefined trajectory. Remarkably, such laser-induced arcing can even circumvent an object that completely occludes the line of sight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Clerici
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique–Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
- Corresponding author. E-mail: (M.C.); (R.M.)
| | - Yi Hu
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique–Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Philippe Lassonde
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique–Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Carles Milián
- Centre de Physique Théorique CNRS, École Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Arnaud Couairon
- Centre de Physique Théorique CNRS, École Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Demetrios N. Christodoulides
- College of Optics, Center for Research and Education in Optics and Lasers, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Zhigang Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Luca Razzari
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique–Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - François Vidal
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique–Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - François Légaré
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique–Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Daniele Faccio
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Roberto Morandotti
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique–Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Corresponding author. E-mail: (M.C.); (R.M.)
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Panagiotopoulos P, Papazoglou DG, Couairon A, Tzortzakis S. Controlling high-power autofocusing waves with periodic lattices. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:4958-4961. [PMID: 25121918 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.004958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We show numerically that by using radial symmetric lattices, the focal spot characteristics and filament peak intensity of high-power autofocusing waves can be controlled. The lattice induced diffraction is able to isolate the main on-axis peak and control the focus position. In addition, at higher power the lattice can control and stabilize the peak intensity of the filament over an extended distance.
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Zhou H, Li W, Wang D, Shi L, Ding L, Zeng H. Dissociative recombination in ultraviolet filamentary plasma gratings. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:10968-10974. [PMID: 24921794 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.010968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigated collisions of nitrogen and argon gas mixture with energetic electrons accelerated by Bragg incident intense infrared femtosecond laser pulses in ultraviolet filamentary plasma gratings. Significant decrease of fluorescence spectra of argon atoms were observed when a small amount of nitrogen gas was mixed with argon gas that facilitated observable argon-nitrogen collisions. We experimentally measured the fluorescence emission from the argon and nitrogen gas mixture under different driving pulse energies, the fluorescence decay dynamics after the impact excitation, as well as the fluorescence intensity dependence on the nitrogen and argon pressures. The experimental measurements were based on the electron acceleration and its subsequent impact with the gas mixture in the filamentary plasma gratings, which was essential for the observation of the dominant dissociative recombination in the gas mixture.
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Durand M, Houard A, Lim K, Durécu A, Vasseur O, Richardson M. Study of filamentation threshold in zinc selenide. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:5852-5858. [PMID: 24663922 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.005852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of creating filaments with laser wavelengths ranging from 800 nm to 2.4 µm was investigated using an OPA laser system. Zinc Selenide's (ZnSe) unique characteristics - small band gap E(gZnSe)=2.67eV and positive dispersion for this wavelength range - are well suited for filamentation study where multi-photon absorption can be achieved with two to six photons.
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Kupfer R, Barmashenko B, Bar I. Computational modeling of laser-plasma interactions: pulse self-modulation and energy transfer between intersecting laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 88:013307. [PMID: 23944583 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.013307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The nonlinear interaction of intense femtosecond laser pulses with a self-induced plasma channel in air and the energy transfer between two intersecting laser pulses were simulated using the finite-difference time-domain particle-in-cell method. Implementation of a simple numerical code enabled modeling of various phenomena, including pulse self-modulation in the spatiotemporal and spectral domains, conical emission, and energy transfer between two intersecting laser beams. The mechanism for energy transfer was found to be related to a plasma waveguide array induced by Moiré patterns of the interfering electric fields. The simulation results provide a persuasive replication and explanation of previous experimental results, when carried out under comparable physical conditions, and lead to prediction of others. This approach allows us to further examine the effect of the laser and plasma parameters on the simulation results and to investigate the underlying physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Kupfer
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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Gao H, Chu W, Yu G, Zeng B, Zhao J, Wang Z, Liu W, Cheng Y, Xu Z. Femtosecond laser filament array generated with step phase plate in air. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:4612-4622. [PMID: 23481994 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.004612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond laser filament arrays are generated in air by using three kinds of step phase plates with π phase lag, namely, the semicircular phase plate (SCPP), the quarter-circle phase plate (QCPP) and eight-octant phase plate (EOPP). Experimental results and simulations show that filament arrays consisting of two, four and eight filaments, respectively, are produced by three phase plates. The transverse patterns of the filament arrays are determined by the geometrical shapes of the phase plates. At the same time, the separation distances are found to vary with the focal lengths of the used lenses. We further propose that by using an axicon, filament array in the form of ring shape could be realized while the lengths of the filaments could be significantly elongated at the same time. Our study has suggested a realistic method to generate filament array by the step phase plate with π phase lag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Key Laboratory of Optical Information Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China
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Durand M, Jarnac A, Liu Y, Prade B, Houard A, Tikhonchuk V, Mysyrowicz A. Dynamics of plasma gratings in atomic and molecular gases. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 86:036405. [PMID: 23031032 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.036405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The decay of the plasma grating formed at the intersection of two femtosecond filaments is measured in several molecular and atomic gases. The grating evolution is ruled by ambipolar diffusion in atomic gases and by a combination of ambipolar diffusion and collision-assisted free electron recombination in molecular gases. Electron diffusion and recombination coefficients are extracted for Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, N2, O2, CO2, and air at 1 bar.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Durand
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA ParisTech, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, 91761, Palaiseau, France
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Liu Z, Ding P, Shi Y, Lu X, Sun S, Liu X, Liu Q, Ding B, Hu B. Control of third harmonic generation by plasma grating generated by two noncollinear IR femtosecond filaments. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:8837-8847. [PMID: 22513594 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.008837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A plasma grating is formed by two femtosecond filaments, and the influence of probe filament on the plasma grating is shown. By using the plasma grating, the enhancement of the third harmonic (TH) generated from the probe filament is studied, and more than three orders of magnitude enhancement of TH generation is demonstrated as compared with that obtained from a single filament. The dependences of TH generation on the time delay, the spatial period of plasma grating, the relative polarization and the crossing position between the probe beam and the two pump beams are investigated. The spectral broadening of TH generated from the probe filament induced by the interaction between the probe filament and the plasma grating is also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoye Liu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
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Shi L, Li W, Wang Y, Lu X, Ding L, Zeng H. Generation of high-density electrons based on plasma grating induced Bragg diffraction in air. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:095004. [PMID: 21929249 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.095004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Efficient nonlinear Bragg diffraction was observed as an intense infrared femtosecond pulse was focused on a plasma grating induced by interference between two ultraviolet femtosecond laser pulses in air. The preformed electrons inside the plasma grating were accelerated by subsequent intense infrared laser pulses, inducing further collisional ionization and significantly enhancing the local electron density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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Panagiotopoulos P, Couairon A, Efremidis NK, Papazoglou DG, Tzortzakis S. Intense dynamic bullets in a periodic lattice. OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 19:10057-10062. [PMID: 21643264 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond filamentation inside a periodic lattice in air is numerically shown to form intense dynamic bullets. The long propagation distance of the bullet structure is primarily attributed to the effect of the lattice that regulates the competition between linear and nonlinear spatiotemporal effects in the region of normal dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Panagiotopoulos
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, PO Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece.
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