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Chen GY, Piantedosi F, Otten D, Kang YQ, Zhang WQ, Zhou X, Monro TM, Lancaster DG. Femtosecond-laser-written Microstructured Waveguides in BK7 Glass. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10377. [PMID: 29991701 PMCID: PMC6039443 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a deficiency of low-loss microstructured waveguides that can be fabricated with a single laser-pass to minimize stress build-up, which can enable enhanced functionality and higher compactness for integrated optical devices. We demonstrate, for the first time, a series of multi-ring claddings each with a pair of cores in BK7 glass. Each waveguide was fabricated using only a single laser-pass at 1 MHz pulse repetition rate, 5 mm/s translation speed, 250 fs pulse width, over a set of pulse energies. We obtained the lowest-reported propagation loss of 0.062 dB/cm, measured at 1155 nm wavelength from the waveguide written with 340 nJ pulse energy. The maximum observed numerical aperture is 0.020, measured at 1155 nm wavelength from the waveguide written with 620 nJ pulse energy. Such waveguides could be incorporated in integrated Raman laser platforms for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Y Chen
- Laser Physics and Photonic Devices Laboratories, School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia.
| | - Fiorina Piantedosi
- Laser Physics and Photonic Devices Laboratories, School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Dale Otten
- Laser Physics and Photonic Devices Laboratories, School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Yvonne Qiongyue Kang
- Laser Physics and Photonic Devices Laboratories, School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Wen Qi Zhang
- Laser Physics and Photonic Devices Laboratories, School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Tanya M Monro
- Laser Physics and Photonic Devices Laboratories, School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - David G Lancaster
- Laser Physics and Photonic Devices Laboratories, School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
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Bittner S, Bogomolny E, Dietz B, Miski-Oglu M, Richter A. Dielectric square resonator investigated with microwave experiments. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 90:052909. [PMID: 25493860 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.052909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed experimental study of the symmetry properties and the momentum space representation of the field distributions of a dielectric square resonator as well as the comparison with a semiclassical model. The experiments have been performed with a flat ceramic microwave resonator. Both the resonance spectra and the field distributions were measured. The momentum space representations of the latter evidenced that the resonant states are each related to a specific classical torus, leading to the regular structure of the spectrum. Furthermore, they allow for a precise determination of the refractive index. Measurements with different arrangements of the emitting and the receiving antennas were performed and their influence on the symmetry properties of the field distributions was investigated in detail, showing that resonances with specific symmetries can be selected purposefully. In addition, the length spectrum deduced from the measured resonance spectra and the trace formula for the dielectric square resonator are discussed in the framework of the semiclassical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bittner
- Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 8537, Institut d'Alembert FR 3242, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, F-94235 Cachan, France
| | - E Bogomolny
- Université Paris-Sud, LPTMS, CNRS UMR 8626, Orsay, F-91405, France
| | - B Dietz
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Miski-Oglu
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Richter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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Lafargue C, Lebental M, Grigis A, Ulysse C, Gozhyk I, Djellali N, Zyss J, Bittner S. Localized lasing modes of triangular organic microlasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 90:052922. [PMID: 25493873 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.052922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated experimentally the ray-wave correspondence in organic microlasers of various triangular shapes. Triangular billiards are of interest since they are the simplest cases of polygonal billiards and the existence and properties of periodic orbits in triangles are not yet fully understood. The microlasers with symmetric shapes that were investigated exhibited states localized on simple periodic orbits, and their lasing characteristics like spectra and far-field distributions could be well explained by the properties of the periodic orbits. Furthermore, asymmetric triangles that do not feature simple periodic orbits were studied. Their lasing properties were found to be more complicated and could not be explained by periodic orbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lafargue
- Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 8537, Institut d'Alembert FR 3242, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-94235 Cachan, France
| | - M Lebental
- Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 8537, Institut d'Alembert FR 3242, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-94235 Cachan, France
| | - A Grigis
- Laboratoire Analyse, Géométrie et Applications, CNRS UMR 7539, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, 99 avenue J. B. Clément, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - C Ulysse
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Nanostructures, CNRS UPR20, Route de Nozay, F-91460 Marcoussis, France
| | - I Gozhyk
- Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 8537, Institut d'Alembert FR 3242, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-94235 Cachan, France
| | - N Djellali
- Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 8537, Institut d'Alembert FR 3242, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-94235 Cachan, France
| | - J Zyss
- Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 8537, Institut d'Alembert FR 3242, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-94235 Cachan, France
| | - S Bittner
- Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 8537, Institut d'Alembert FR 3242, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-94235 Cachan, France
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Fukushima T, Sunada S, Harayama T, Sakaguchi K, Tokuda Y. Lowest-order axial and ring mode lasing in confocal quasi-stadium laser diodes. APPLIED OPTICS 2012; 51:2515-2520. [PMID: 22614468 DOI: 10.1364/ao.51.002515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the lasing modes of quasi-stadium laser diodes that have confocal cavity geometries, with stripe electrode contacts formed either along the cavity axis or a diamond-shaped trajectory. It was clearly demonstrated that by using narrow electrode contact patterns of 2 μm width, the lowest-order axial and ring modes were excited selectively. On the other hand, the second-lowest-order axial and ring modes were excited by using broad electrode patterns of 14 μm width. Experimentally obtained far-field patterns for lasers with broad and narrow electrode contact patterns agree very well with the simulation results obtained using an extended Fox-Li mode calculation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Fukushima
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Okayama Prefectural University, Soja, Okayama, Japan. ‐pu.ac.jp
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