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Sun T, Piao D. Diffuse photon remission associated with the center-illuminated-area-detection geometry. II. Approach to the time-domain model. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:3880-3891. [PMID: 37706697 DOI: 10.1364/ao.478322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
This part proposes a model of time-dependent diffuse photon remission for the center-illuminated-area-detection (CIAD) geometry, by virtue of area integration of the radially resolved time-dependent diffuse photon remission formulated with the master-slave dual-source scheme demonstrated in Part I for steady-state measurements. The time-domain model is assessed against Monte Carlo (MC) simulations limiting to only the Heyney-Greenstein scattering phase function for CIAD of physical scales and medium properties relevant to single-fiber reflectance (SfR) and over a 2 ns duration, in compliance with the timespan of the only experimental report of SfR demonstrated with a 50 µm gradient index fiber. The time-domain model-MC assessments are carried out for an absorption coefficient ranging three orders of magnitude over [0.001,0.01,0.1,1]m m -1 at a fixed scattering, and a reduced scattering coefficient ranging three orders of magnitude over [0.01,0.1,1,10]m m -1 at a fixed absorption, among others. Photons of shorter and longer propagation times, relative to the diameter of the area of collection, respond differently to the scattering and absorption changes. Limited comparisons of MC between CIAD and a top-hat geometry as the idealization of SfR reveal that the time-domain photon remissions of the two geometries differ appreciably in only the early arriving photons.
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2
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Sun T, Piao D. Diffuse photon remission associated with the center-illuminated-area-detection geometry: Part I, an approach to the steady-state model. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:9143-9153. [PMID: 36607047 DOI: 10.1364/ao.468342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse photon remission associated with the center-illuminated-area-detection (CIAD) geometry has been useful for non-contact sensing and may inform single-fiber reflectance (SfR). This series of work advances model approaches that help enrich the understanding and applicability of the photon remission by CIAD. The general approach is to derive the diffuse photon remission by the area integration of the radially resolved diffuse reflectance while limiting the analysis to a medium exhibiting only the Heyney-Greenstein (HG) scattering phase function. Part I assesses the steady-state photon remission in CIAD over a reduced scattering scaled diameter of μ s ' d a r e a ∈[0.5×10-3,103] that covers the range extensively modeled for SfR. The corresponding radially resolved diffuse reflectance is obtained by concatenating an empirical expression for the semi-ballistic region near the point-of-illumination and a formula utilizing a master-slave dual-source scheme over the semi-diffusive to a diffusive regime while being constrained by an extrapolated zero-boundary condition. The terminal algebraic photon remission is examined against Monte Carlo simulations for an absorption coefficient over [0.001,1]m m -1, a reduced scattering coefficient over [0.01,1000]m m -1, a HG scattering anisotropy factor within [0.5,0.95], and a diameter of the area of collection ranging [50,1000]µm. The algebraic model is also applied to phantom data acquired over a ∼2c m non-contact CIAD configuration and with a 200 µm SfR probe. The model approach will be extended in a subsequent work towards the time-of-flight characteristics of CIAD.
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Lanka P, Francis KJ, Kruit H, Farina A, Cubeddu R, Sekar SKV, Manohar S, Pifferi A. Optical signatures of radiofrequency ablation in biological tissues. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6579. [PMID: 33753778 PMCID: PMC7985316 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85653-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate monitoring of treatment is crucial in minimally-invasive radiofrequency ablation in oncology and cardiovascular disease. We investigated alterations in optical properties of ex-vivo bovine tissues of the liver, heart, muscle, and brain, undergoing the treatment. Time-domain diffuse optical spectroscopy was used, which enabled us to disentangle and quantify absorption and reduced scattering spectra. In addition to the well-known global (1) decrease in absorption, and (2) increase in reduced scattering, we uncovered new features based on sensitive detection of spectral changes. These absorption spectrum features are: (3) emergence of a peak around 840 nm, (4) redshift of the 760 nm deoxyhemoglobin peak, and (5) blueshift of the 970 nm water peak. Treatment temperatures above 100 °C led to (6) increased absorption at shorter wavelengths, and (7) further decrease in reduced scattering. This optical behavior provides new insights into tissue response to thermal treatment and sets the stage for optical monitoring of radiofrequency ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Lanka
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Kalloor Joseph Francis
- Multi-Modality Medical Imaging Group, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Hindrik Kruit
- Multi-Modality Medical Imaging Group, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Farina
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | - Srirang Manohar
- Multi-Modality Medical Imaging Group, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Pifferi
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
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Kamanli AF, Çetinel G. Comparison of pulse and super pulse radiation modes’ singlet oxygen production effect in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (AmPDT). Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Time-Gated Single-Photon Detection in Time-Domain Diffuse Optics: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10031101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This work reviews physical concepts, technologies and applications of time-domain diffuse optics based on time-gated single-photon detection. This particular photon detection strategy is of the utmost importance in the diffuse optics field as it unleashes the full power of the time-domain approach by maximizing performances in terms of contrast produced by a localized perturbation inside the scattering medium, signal-to-noise ratio, measurement time and dynamic range, penetration depth and spatial resolution. The review covers 15 years of theoretical studies, technological progresses, proof of concepts and design of laboratory systems based on time-gated single-photon detection with also few hints on other fields where the time-gated detection strategy produced and will produce further impact.
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Kamanli AF, Çetinel G, Yıldız MZ. A New handheld singlet oxygen detection system (SODS) and NIR light source based phantom environment for photodynamic therapy applications. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 29:101577. [PMID: 31711998 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging treatment modality in various areas such as cancer treatment and disinfection. The photosensitizer and oxygen have crucial roles for effective PDT treatment. The quantitative evaluation of singlet oxygen, which is a gold standard for monitoring effective treatment, remains as an important problem for PDT. However, low quantum yield and low life span of the singlet oxygen make the system expensive, unnecessarily large and unadaptable for clinical usage. In our study, a new mobile singlet oxygen detection system (SODS) was designed to detect singlet oxygen illumination during PDT and a new singlet oxygen phantom environment was constituted to test the designed SODS system. The singlet oxygen phantom environment composed of fast switching led driver & microcontroller and led light source (1200-1300 nm radiation). The elements of the singlet oxygen detection system are optic filter and collimation, avalanche photodiode transimpedance amplifier, differential amplifier and a signal processing block. According to the performance evaluation of the system on the phantom environment, the presented SODS can measure the illuminations at 1270 nm wavelength between 10 ns and 15 µs timespans. The results showed that the proposed system might be a good candidate for clinical PDT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Furkan Kamanli
- Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Turkey.
| | - Gökçen Çetinel
- Sakarya University, Faculty of Engineering, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Zahid Yıldız
- Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Turkey
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7
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Sekar SKV, Pacheco A, Martella P, Li H, Lanka P, Pifferi A, Andersson-Engels S. Solid phantom recipe for diffuse optics in biophotonics applications: a step towards anatomically correct 3D tissue phantoms. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:2090-2100. [PMID: 31061772 PMCID: PMC6484985 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.002090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We present a tissue mimicking optical phantom recipe to create robust well tested solid phantoms. The recipe consists of black silicone pigment (absorber), silica microspheres (scatterer) and silicone rubber (SiliGlass, bulk material). The phantom recipe was characterized over a broadband spectrum (600-1100 nm) for a wide range of optical properties (absorption 0.1-1 cm-1, reduced scattering 5-25 cm-1) that are relevant to human organs. The results of linearity show a proper scaling of optical properties as well as the absence of coupling between the absorber and scatterer at different concentrations. A reproducibility of 4% among different preparations was obtained, with a similar grade of spatial homogeneity. Finally, a 3D non-scattering mock-up phantom of an infant torso made with the same recipe bulk material (SiliGlass) was presented to project the futuristic aspect of our work that is 3D printing human organs of biomedical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Pacheco
- Biophotonics@Tyndall, IPIC, Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Physics, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Pierluigi Martella
- Biophotonics@Tyndall, IPIC, Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Haiyang Li
- Biophotonics@Tyndall, IPIC, Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, China
| | - Pranav Lanka
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Pifferi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefan Andersson-Engels
- Biophotonics@Tyndall, IPIC, Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Physics, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland
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8
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Behera A, Di Sieno L, Pifferi A, Martelli F, Mora AD. Instrumental, optical and geometrical parameters affecting time-gated diffuse optical measurements: a systematic study. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:5524-5542. [PMID: 30460145 PMCID: PMC6238916 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.005524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In time-domain diffuse optics the sensitivity to localized absorption changes buried inside a diffusive medium depends strongly on the interplay between instrumental, optical and geometrical parameters, which can hinder the theoretical advantages of novel measurement strategies like the short source-detector distance approach. Here, we present a study based on experimental measurements and simulations to comprehensively evaluate the effect of all different parameters. Results are evaluated exploiting standardized figures of merit, like contrast and contrast-to-noise ratio, to quantify the system sensitivity to deep localized absorption perturbations. Key findings show that the most critical hardware parameter is the memory effect which ultimately limits the dynamic range. Further, a choice of the source-detector distance around 10 mm seems to be a good compromise to compensate non-idealities in practical systems still preserving the advantages of short distances. This work provides both indications for users about the best measurement conditions and strategies, and for technology developers to identify the most crucial hardware features in view of next generation diffuse optics systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Behera
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Di Sieno
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Pifferi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martelli
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alberto Dalla Mora
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Pagliazzi M, Sekar SKV, Di Sieno L, Colombo L, Durduran T, Contini D, Torricelli A, Pifferi A, Mora AD. In vivo time-gated diffuse correlation spectroscopy at quasi-null source-detector separation. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:2450-2453. [PMID: 29856401 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.002450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate time domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy at quasi-null source-detector separation by using a fast time-gated single-photon avalanche diode without the need of time-tagging electronics. This approach allows for increased photon collection, simplified real-time instrumentation, and reduced probe dimensions. Depth discriminating, quasi-null distance measurement of blood flow in a human subject is presented. We envision the miniaturization and integration of matrices of optical sensors of increased spatial resolution and the enhancement of the contrast of local blood flow changes.
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10
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Scheibelhofer O, Wahl PR, Larchevêque B, Chauchard F, Khinast JG. Spatially Resolved Spectral Powder Analysis: Experiments and Modeling. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 72:521-534. [PMID: 29336587 DOI: 10.1177/0003702817749839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the behavior of light in granular media is necessary for determining the sample size, shape, and weight when probing using fiber optic setups. This is required for a correct estimate of the active pharmaceutical ingredient content in a pharmaceutical blend via near-infrared spectroscopy. Several strategies to describe the behavior of light in granular and turbid media exist. A common approach is the Monte-Carlo simulation of individual photons and their description using mean free path lengths for scattering and absorption. In this work, we chose a complementary method by approximating these parameters via real physical counterparts, i.e., the particle size, shape, and density and the resulting chord lengths. Additionally, the wavelength dependence of refractive indices is incorporated. The obtained results were compared with those obtained in an experimental setup that included the SAM-Spec Felin probe head by Indatech for detecting spatially resolved spectra of samples. Our method facilitates the interpretation of the acquired experimental results by contrasting the optical response, the physical particle attributes, and the simulation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto Scheibelhofer
- 1 130347 Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz , Austria
| | - Patrick R Wahl
- 1 130347 Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz , Austria
| | | | | | - Johannes G Khinast
- 1 130347 Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz , Austria
- 3 27253 Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz , Austria
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11
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Di Sieno L, Boetti NG, Dalla Mora A, Pugliese D, Farina A, Konugolu Venkata Sekar S, Ceci-Ginistrelli E, Janner D, Pifferi A, Milanese D. Towards the use of bioresorbable fibers in time-domain diffuse optics. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018. [PMID: 28635027 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In the last years bioresorbable materials are gaining increasing interest for building implantable optical components for medical devices. In this work we show the fabrication of bioresorbable optical fibers designed for diffuse optics applications, featuring large core diameter (up to 200 μm) and numerical aperture (0.17) to maximize the collection efficiency of diffused light. We demonstrate the suitability of bioresorbable fibers for time-domain diffuse optical spectroscopy firstly checking the intrinsic performances of the setup by acquiring the instrument response function. We then validate on phantoms the use of bioresorbable fibers by applying the MEDPHOT protocol to assess the performance of the system in measuring optical properties (namely, absorption and scattering coefficients) of homogeneous media. Further, we show an ex-vivo validation on a chicken breast by measuring the absorption and scattering spectra in the 500-1100 nm range using interstitially inserted bioresorbable fibers. This work represents a step toward a new way to look inside the body using optical fibers that can be implanted in patients. These fibers could be useful either for diagnostic (e. g. for monitoring the evolution after surgical interventions) or treatment (e. g. photodynamic therapy) purposes. Picture: Microscopy image of the 100 μm core bioresorbable fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Di Sieno
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Nadia G Boetti
- Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Via P. C. Boggio 61, 10138, Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Dalla Mora
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Diego Pugliese
- Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia and INSTM research unit, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Farina
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Edoardo Ceci-Ginistrelli
- Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia and INSTM research unit, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Janner
- Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia and INSTM research unit, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Antonio Pifferi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniel Milanese
- Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia and INSTM research unit, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Via alla Cascata, 56/C, 38123 Trento, Italy
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Pifferi A, Contini D, Mora AD, Farina A, Spinelli L, Torricelli A. New frontiers in time-domain diffuse optics, a review. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:091310. [PMID: 27311627 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.9.091310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The recent developments in time-domain diffuse optics that rely on physical concepts (e.g., time-gating and null distance) and advanced photonic components (e.g., vertical cavity source-emitting laser as light sources, single photon avalanche diode, and silicon photomultipliers as detectors, fast-gating circuits, and time-to-digital converters for acquisition) are focused. This study shows how these tools could lead on one hand to compact and wearable time-domain devices for point-of-care diagnostics down to the consumer level and on the other hand to powerful systems with exceptional depth penetration and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pifferi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, ItalybIstituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Davide Contini
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Alberto Dalla Mora
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Andrea Farina
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spinelli
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Alessandro Torricelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, ItalybIstituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
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13
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Boso G, Ke D, Korzh B, Bouilloux J, Lange N, Zbinden H. Time-resolved singlet-oxygen luminescence detection with an efficient and practical semiconductor single-photon detector. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:211-24. [PMID: 26819830 PMCID: PMC4722905 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In clinical applications, such as PhotoDynamic Therapy, direct singlet-oxygen detection through its luminescence in the near-infrared range (1270 nm) has been a challenging task due to its low emission probability and the lack of suitable single-photon detectors. Here, we propose a practical setup based on a negative-feedback avalanche diode detector that is a viable alternative to the current state-of-the art for different clinical scenarios, especially where geometric collection efficiency is limited (e.g. fiber-based systems, confocal microscopy, scanning systems etc.). The proposed setup is characterized with Rose Bengal as a standard photosensitizer and it is used to measure the singlet-oxygen quantum yield of a new set of photosensitizers for site-selective photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Boso
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, Chemin de Pinchat 22, Genève 4, CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Damei Ke
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, Genève 4, CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Boris Korzh
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, Chemin de Pinchat 22, Genève 4, CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Jordan Bouilloux
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, Genève 4, CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Lange
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, Genève 4, CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Hugo Zbinden
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, Chemin de Pinchat 22, Genève 4, CH-1211, Switzerland
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14
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Mora AD, Martinenghi E, Contini D, Tosi A, Boso G, Durduran T, Arridge S, Martelli F, Farina A, Torricelli A, Pifferi A. Fast silicon photomultiplier improves signal harvesting and reduces complexity in time-domain diffuse optics. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:13937-46. [PMID: 26072763 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.013937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We present a proof of concept prototype of a time-domain diffuse optics probe exploiting a fast Silicon PhotoMultiplier (SiPM), featuring a timing resolution better than 80 ps, a fast tail with just 90 ps decay time-constant and a wide active area of 1 mm2. The detector is hosted into the probe and used in direct contact with the sample under investigation, thus providing high harvesting efficiency by exploiting the whole SiPM numerical aperture and also reducing complexity by avoiding the use of cumbersome fiber bundles. Our tests also demonstrate high accuracy and linearity in retrieving the optical properties and suitable contrast and depth sensitivity for detecting localized inhomogeneities. In addition to a strong improvement in both instrumentation cost and size with respect to legacy solutions, the setup performances are comparable to those of state-of-the-art time-domain instrumentation, thus opening a new way to compact, low-cost and high-performance time-resolved devices for diffuse optical imaging and spectroscopy.
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Kamran F, Abildgaard OHA, Subash AA, Andersen PE, Andersson-Engels S, Khoptyar D. Computationally effective solution of the inverse problem in time-of-flight spectroscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:6937-6945. [PMID: 25836913 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.006937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Photon time-of-flight (PTOF) spectroscopy enables the estimation of absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of turbid media by measuring the propagation time of short light pulses through turbid medium. The present investigation provides a comparison of the assessed absorption and reduced scattering coefficients from PTOF measurements of intralipid 20% and India ink-based optical phantoms covering a wide range of optical properties relevant for biological tissues and dairy products. Three different models are used to obtain the optical properties by fitting to measured temporal profiles: the Liemert-Kienle model (LKM), the diffusion model (DM) and a white Monte-Carlo (WMC) simulation-based algorithm. For the infinite space geometry, a very good agreement is found between the LKM and WMC, while the results obtained by the DM differ, indicating that the LKM can provide accurate estimation of the optical parameters beyond the limits of the diffusion approximation in a computational effective and accurate manner. This result increases the potential range of applications for PTOF spectroscopy within industrial and biomedical applications.
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Time-Domain Diffuse Optical Imaging of Tissue by Non-contact Scanning. SPRINGER SERIES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-14929-5_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Mazurenka M, Di Sieno L, Boso G, Contini D, Pifferi A, Mora AD, Tosi A, Wabnitz H, Macdonald R. Non-contact in vivo diffuse optical imaging using a time-gated scanning system. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 4:2257-68. [PMID: 24156081 PMCID: PMC3799683 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.002257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report on the design and first in vivo tests of a novel non-contact scanning imaging system for time-domain near-infrared spectroscopy. Our system is based on a null source-detector separation approach and utilizes polarization-selective detection and a fast-gated single-photon avalanche diode to record late photons only. The in-vivo tests included the recording of hemodynamics during arm occlusion and two brain activation tasks. Localized and non-localized changes in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin concentration were detected for motor and cognitive tasks, respectively. The tests demonstrate the feasibility of non-contact imaging of absorption changes in deeper tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Mazurenka
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestr. 2-12, 10587, Berlin, Germany
| | - L. Di Sieno
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - G. Boso
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - D. Contini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - A. Pifferi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - A. Dalla Mora
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - A. Tosi
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - H. Wabnitz
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestr. 2-12, 10587, Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Macdonald
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestr. 2-12, 10587, Berlin, Germany
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Puszka A, Di Sieno L, Mora AD, Pifferi A, Contini D, Boso G, Tosi A, Hervé L, Planat-Chrétien A, Koenig A, Dinten JM. Time-resolved diffuse optical tomography using fast-gated single-photon avalanche diodes. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 4:1351-65. [PMID: 24009998 PMCID: PMC3756586 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.001351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We present the first experimental results of reflectance Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) performed with a fast-gated single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) coupled to a time-correlated single-photon counting system. The Mellin-Laplace transform was employed to process time-resolved data. We compare the performances of the SPAD operated in the gated mode vs. the non-gated mode for the detection and localization of an absorbing inclusion deeply embedded in a turbid medium for 5 and 15 mm interfiber distances. We demonstrate that, for a given acquisition time, the gated mode enables the detection and better localization of deeper absorbing inclusions than the non-gated mode. These results obtained on phantoms demonstrate the efficacy of time-resolved DOT at small interfiber distances. By achieving depth sensitivity with limited acquisition times, the gated mode increases the relevance of reflectance DOT at small interfiber distance for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Puszka
- CEA-LETI, Minatec Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Laura Di Sieno
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Alberto Dalla Mora
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Antonio Pifferi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Davide Contini
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Gianluca Boso
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 – I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Tosi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 – I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Lionel Hervé
- CEA-LETI, Minatec Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Anne Koenig
- CEA-LETI, Minatec Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean-Marc Dinten
- CEA-LETI, Minatec Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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