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Song Z, Shen Y, Xu N, Hong T, Zhu H, Wang Z, Tang S, Zhang Y, Chen H, Deng S. Dependence of Ultrafast Electron Emission Characteristics of Graphene Cold Cathode on Femtosecond Photoexcitation Polarization Angle. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:34001-34009. [PMID: 38961569 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafast electron pulses, generated through femtosecond photoexcitation in nanocathode materials, introduce high-frequency characteristics and ultrahigh temporal-spatial resolution to vacuum micro-nano electronic devices. To advance the development of ultrafast electron sources sensitive to polarized light, we propose an ultrafast pulsed electron source based on a vertical few-layer graphene cold cathode. This source exhibits selective electron emission properties for varying polarization angles, with high switching ratios of 277 (at 0°) and 235 (at 90°). The electron emission of the graphene evolves from cosine to sine as the polarization angle increases from 0° to 90°. The variation of electron emission current with polarization angle is intrinsically related to light absorption, local field enhancement, and photothermal conversion efficiency. A physical mechanism model and semiempirical expression were presented to reveal the MPP and PTE mechanisms at different polarization angles. This tunable conversion between mechanisms indicates potential applications in tunable ultrafast optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Ningsheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Tianzeng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hai Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Shaozhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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Zukerstein M, Levy Y. Enhancement of the spectral broadening efficiency for circular polarization states in the high absorption regime for Gaussian and doughnut-shaped beams in fused silica. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:16295-16302. [PMID: 37157711 DOI: 10.1364/oe.485881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally investigate the spectral broadening in fused silica in the multiphoton absorption regime. Under standard conditions of laser irradiation, linear polarization of laser pulses is more advantageous for supercontinuum generation. However, with high non-linear absorption, we observe more efficient spectral broadening for circular polarizations for both Gaussian and doughnut-shaped beams. The multiphoton absorption in fused silica is studied by measuring the total transmission of laser pulses and by the intensity dependence of the self-trapped exciton luminescence observation. The strong polarization dependence of multiphoton transitions fundamentally affects the broadening of the spectrum in solids.
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Qi P, Qian W, Guo L, Xue J, Zhang N, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Lin L, Sun C, Zhu L, Liu W. Sensing with Femtosecond Laser Filamentation. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:7076. [PMID: 36146424 PMCID: PMC9504994 DOI: 10.3390/s22187076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond laser filamentation is a unique nonlinear optical phenomenon when high-power ultrafast laser propagation in all transparent optical media. During filamentation in the atmosphere, the ultrastrong field of 1013-1014 W/cm2 with a large distance ranging from meter to kilometers can effectively ionize, break, and excite the molecules and fragments, resulting in characteristic fingerprint emissions, which provide a great opportunity for investigating strong-field molecules interaction in complicated environments, especially remote sensing. Additionally, the ultrastrong intensity inside the filament can damage almost all the detectors and ignite various intricate higher order nonlinear optical effects. These extreme physical conditions and complicated phenomena make the sensing and controlling of filamentation challenging. This paper mainly focuses on recent research advances in sensing with femtosecond laser filamentation, including fundamental physics, sensing and manipulating methods, typical filament-based sensing techniques and application scenarios, opportunities, and challenges toward the filament-based remote sensing under different complicated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Qi
- Institute of Modern Optics, Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wenqi Qian
- Institute of Modern Optics, Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lanjun Guo
- Institute of Modern Optics, Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jiayun Xue
- Institute of Modern Optics, Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute of Modern Optics, Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuezheng Wang
- Institute of Modern Optics, Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Institute of Modern Optics, Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zeliang Zhang
- Institute of Modern Optics, Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lie Lin
- Institute of Modern Optics, Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Changlin Sun
- Institute of Modern Optics, Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
- National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Liguo Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Institute of Modern Optics, Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
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Li D, Chang J, Li D, Ji L, Liang W, Xu L, Zhang L, Xi T, Hao Z. Intense vector supercontinuum radiation from femtosecond filamentation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:17567-17576. [PMID: 36221576 DOI: 10.1364/oe.457333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intense vector supercontinuum (SC) radiation with spatial polarization is obtained by using 800nm femtosecond vector laser beams in the air. The SC generated by azimuthally, radially, cylindrically polarized beams, and higher-order vector beams are investigated, respectively. The results show that the SC generated by vector beams is greatly enhanced compared to that by a Gaussian beam. The energy density of SC radiation reaches the order of 1µJ/nm in a bandwidth of 258 nm from 559 nm to 817 nm and 0.1 µJ/nm from 500 nm to 559 nm. Furthermore, by checking the polarization distribution of SC in different wavelengths from visible to near-infrared bands, we find that the SC maintains nearly the same polarization distribution as pump pulses. This work provides an effective and convenient way to generate powerful SC vector beams which may facilitate potential applications including optical communication, micro/nano-fabrication, and super-resolution microscopy.
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