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Fan Y, Zhang C, Gao Z, Zhou W, Hou Y, Zhou Z, Yao J, Zhao YS. Randomly Induced Phase Transformation in Silk Protein-Based Microlaser Arrays for Anticounterfeiting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102586. [PMID: 34477249 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anticounterfeiting labels based on physical unclonable functions (PUFs) exhibit high security with unreplicable code outputs, making them an ideal platform to realize unbreakable anticounterfeiting. Although various schemes are proposed for PUF labels, the utilization of natural randomness suffers from unpredictable signal extraction sites, which poses a challenge to efficient and convenient authentication for practical anticounterfeiting applications. Here, a covert optical PUF-based cryptographic protocol from silk protein-based microlaser (SML) arrays that possess hidden randomness of lasers for unclonable lasing signals as well as a defined location for efficient identification is proposed. The initial SMLs are patterned by casting laser dye-doped regenerated silk fibroin solution, resulting in a uniform microlaser array with regulated positions. With the SML array as substrate, random methanol microdroplets are stochastically sprayed on the SML array, which eventually induces uneven lasing signal changes of the patterned microlasers. The treated SML array possesses the deterministic readout sites of laser signals and unrepeatable signal distribution characteristics, which can guarantee efficient authentication and high security when serving as an anticounterfeiting label.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Fan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunhuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhenhua Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yue Hou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhonghao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Anderson BR, Kuzyk MG. Imaging studies of photodegradation and self-healing in anthraquinone derivative dye-doped PMMA. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:28154-28164. [PMID: 33290464 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05426g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We study photodegradation and self-healing of nine different anthraquinone-derivatives doped into PMMA using transmission imaging microscopy in search of structure-property relationships of the underlying mechanisms. We find that seven of the nine anthraquinone derivatives display partially reversible photodegradation, with 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (Dantron/Chrysazin) having the best photostability and recovery characteristics of all dyes tested in this study. Based on these measurements we predict that a sample of 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone doped into PMMA with a concentration of 9 g l-1 will have a record setting irreversible inverse quantum efficiency of Bε = 4.56 × 109. Additionally, by considering the performance of the different anthraquinone derivatives and their structures, we develop three rules-of-thumb to qualitatively predict the photostability and recovery characteristics of anthraquinone derivatives. These rules-of-thumb will help guide future experiments and molecular modeling in discerning the underlying mechanisms of reversible photodegradation. Finally, we compare our results for disperse orange 11 dye-doped PMMA to the extended Correlated Chromophore Domain Model (eCCDM). While the eCCDM correctly predicts the behavior of the reversible decay component, it fails to correctly predict the behavior of the irreversible degradation component. This implies further modifications to the eCCDM are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Anderson
- Applied Sciences Laboratory, Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99210-1495, USA.
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Christianson ND, Lu Y, Dawson NJ. Recovery of photodegraded rhodamine 6g in ester-containing polymer matrices. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2865-2874. [PMID: 31612900 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00243j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-healing, rhodamine 6g, dye-doped polymers are reported. The amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) photodegrades after repeated exposure to 532 nm laser light at 10 Hz. Recovery of the ASE signal is observed in dye-doped thermoplastic polyurethane and glycol-modified poly(ethylene terephthalate); both polymers contain repeating ester groups in their backbone. The polymer ester groups are hypothesized to mediate the full recovery of rhodamine 6g from a photodegraded state. A small amount of ASE recovery after photodegradation is observed in dye-doped poly(vinyl alcohol), >98% hydrolyzed, where conversion of rhodamine 6g from a long-lived dark state contributes to the majority of the increased ASE signal in poly(vinyl alcohol) while small amounts of recovery from interactions with residual acetate groups are also possible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yunli Lu
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, USA
| | - Nathan J Dawson
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, USA and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hawaii Pacific University, Honolulu, USA and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, USA.
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Lévy Statistics and the Glassy Behavior of Light in Random Fiber Lasers. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/app7070644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Dhakal P, Kuzyk MG. Molecular structure and reversible photodegradation in anthraquinone dyes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hung ST, Bhuyan A, Schademan K, Steverlynck J, McCluskey MD, Koeckelberghs G, Clays K, Kuzyk MG. Spectroscopic studies of the mechanism of reversible photodegradation of 1-substituted aminoanthraquinone-doped polymers. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:114902. [PMID: 27004896 DOI: 10.1063/1.4943963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of reversible photodegradation of 1-substituted aminoanthraquinones doped into poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene is investigated. Time-dependent density functional theory is employed to predict the transition energies and corresponding oscillator strengths of the proposed reversibly and irreversibly damaged dye species. Ultraviolet-visible and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy are used to characterize which species are present. FTIR spectroscopy indicates that both dye and polymer undergo reversible photodegradation when irradiated with a visible laser. These findings suggest that photodegradation of 1-substituted aminoanthraquinones doped in polymers originates from interactions between dyes and photoinduced thermally degraded polymers, and the metastable product may recover or further degrade irreversibly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ting Hung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2814, USA
| | - Ankita Bhuyan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2814, USA
| | - Kyle Schademan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2814, USA
| | - Joost Steverlynck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Matthew D McCluskey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2814, USA
| | - Guy Koeckelberghs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Koen Clays
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2814, USA
| | - Mark G Kuzyk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2814, USA
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Anderson BR, Hung ST, Kuzyk MG. Imaging studies of temperature dependent photodegradation and self-healing in disperse orange 11 dye-doped polymers. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:024901. [PMID: 27421424 DOI: 10.1063/1.4955201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using confocal transmission imaging microscopy, we measure the temperature dependence of photodegradation and self-healing in disperse orange 11 (DO11) dye-doped (poly)methyl-methacrylate (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS). In both dye-doped polymers, an increase in sample temperature results in a greater photodegradation rate and degree of degradation, while also resulting in a slower recovery rate and larger recovery fraction. These results confirm the temperature dependence predictions of the modified correlated chromophore domain model (mCCDM) [B. R. Anderson and M. G. Kuzyk, Phys. Rev. E 89, 032601 (2014)]. Additionally, using quantitative fitting of the imaging data for DO11/PMMA, we determine the domain density parameter to be ρ = 1.19 (±0.25) × 10(-2) and the domain free energy advantage to be λ = 0.282 ± 0.015 eV, which are within the uncertainty of the values previously determined using amplified spontaneous emission as the probe method [S. K. Ramini et al., Polym. Chem. 4, 4948 (2013)]. Finally, while we find photodegradation and self-healing of DO11/PS to be qualitatively consistent with the mCCDM, we find that it is quantitatively incompatible with the mCCDM as recovery in DO11/PS is found to behave as a stretched (or double) exponential as a function of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Anderson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2814, USA
| | - Sheng-Ting Hung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2814, USA
| | - Mark G Kuzyk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2814, USA
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Wan W, Huang W, Pu D, Qiao W, Ye Y, Wei G, Fang Z, Zhou X, Chen L. High performance organic distributed Bragg reflector lasers fabricated by dot matrix holography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:31926-31935. [PMID: 26698984 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.031926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) polymer lasers fabricated using dot matrix holography. Pairs of distributed Bragg reflector mirrors with variable mirror separations are fabricated and a novel energy transfer blend consisting of a blue-emitting conjugated polymer and a red-emitting one is spin-coated onto the patterned substrate to complete the device. Under optical pumping, the device emits sing-mode lasing around 622 nm with a bandwidth of 0.41 nm. The working threshold is as low as 13.5 μJ/cm² (~1.68 kW/cm²) and the measured slope efficiency reaches 5.2%. The distributed feedback (DFB) cavity and the DBR cavity resonate at the same lasing wavelength while the DFB laser shows a much higher threshold. We further show that flexible DBR lasers can be conveniently fabricated through the UV-imprinting technique by using the patterned silica substrate as the mold. Dot matrix holography represents a versatile approach to control the number, the size, the location and the orientation of DBR mirrors, thus providing great flexibility in designing DBR lasers.
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