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Lee H, Shin J, Cho DH, Jung C, Sung D, Ahn K, Nam D, Kim S, Kim KS, Park SY, Fan J, Jiang H, Kang HC, Tono K, Yabashi M, Ishikawa T, Noh DY, Song C. Characterizing the intrinsic properties of individual XFEL pulses via single-particle diffraction. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:17-24. [PMID: 31868731 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519015443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With each single X-ray pulse having its own characteristics, understanding the individual property of each X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulse is essential for its applications in probing and manipulating specimens as well as in diagnosing the lasing performance. Intensive research using XFEL radiation over the last several years has introduced techniques to characterize the femtosecond XFEL pulses, but a simple characterization scheme, while not requiring ad hoc assumptions, to address multiple aspects of XFEL radiation via a single data collection process is scant. Here, it is shown that single-particle diffraction patterns collected using single XFEL pulses can provide information about the incident photon flux and coherence property simultaneously, and the X-ray beam profile is inferred. The proposed scheme is highly adaptable to most experimental configurations, and will become an essential approach to understanding single X-ray pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heemin Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Do Hyung Cho
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Chulho Jung
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Daeho Sung
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Kangwoo Ahn
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Daewoong Nam
- PAL-XFEL Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Sangsoo Kim
- PAL-XFEL Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- PAL-XFEL Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Sang Yeon Park
- PAL-XFEL Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Jiadong Fan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaidong Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Hyun Chol Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, South Korea
| | - Kensuke Tono
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | | | - Do Young Noh
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Changyong Song
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
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Juranic P, Tiedtke K, Owada S, Tanaka T, Jastrow U, Sorokin A, Patthey L, Mankowsky R, Degenhardt M, Arbelo Y, Arrell C, Smedley J, Bohon J, Follath R. Transmission measurement at the Bernina branch of the Aramis Beamline of SwissFEL. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:2081-2085. [PMID: 31721754 PMCID: PMC6853380 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519013237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The transmission of the optical components of the Bernina branch of the Aramis beamline at SwissFEL has been measured with an X-ray gas monitor from DESY and compared with a PSI gas detector upstream of the optical components. The transmission efficiencies of the Mo, Si and SiC mirror coatings of the Aramis beamline and the various other in-beam components were evaluated and compared with theoretical calculations, showing an agreement of 6% or better in all cases. The experiment has also shown the efficacy of the high-harmonic rejection mirrors at the Bernina branch of the Aramis beamline at SwissFEL, and characterized the transmission efficiency of the on-line spectrometer in the Aramis beamline. The theoretical transmission of the mirror coatings match the experimental data to within 7%. The accuracy of these measurements was checked against a radiative bolometer from a Japanese collaboration and found to agree to a level of 4% or better. Further comparisons with a diamond detector from a US-based inter-institute collaboration demonstrated a good agreement for the attenuator settings of the beamline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavle Juranic
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
- Correspondence e-mail:
| | - Kai Tiedtke
- DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shigeki Owada
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tanaka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), NMIJ, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Ulf Jastrow
- DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Luc Patthey
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - John Smedley
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Jen Bohon
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Rolf Follath
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
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Sorokin AA, Bican Y, Bonfigt S, Brachmanski M, Braune M, Jastrow UF, Gottwald A, Kaser H, Richter M, Tiedtke K. An X-ray gas monitor for free-electron lasers. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:1092-1100. [PMID: 31274432 PMCID: PMC6613123 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519005174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel X-ray gas monitor (XGM) has been developed which allows the measurement of absolute photon pulse energy and photon beam position at all existing and upcoming free-electron lasers (FELs) over a broad spectral range covering vacuum ultraviolet (VUV), extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft and hard X-rays. The XGM covers a wide dynamic range from spontaneous undulator radiation to FEL radiation and provides a temporal resolution of better than 200 ns. The XGM consists of two X-ray gas-monitor detectors (XGMDs) and two huge-aperture open electron multipliers (HAMPs). The HAMP enhances the detection efficiency of the XGM for low-intensity radiation down to 105 photons per pulse and for FEL radiation in the hard X-ray spectral range, while the XGMD operates in higher-intensity regimes. The relative standard uncertainty for measurements of the absolute photon pulse energy is well below 10%, and down to 1% for measurements of relative pulse-to-pulse intensity on pulses with more than 1010 photons per pulse. The accuracy of beam-position monitoring in the vertical and horizontal directions is of the order of 10 µm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A. Sorokin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Polytekhnicheskaya 26, 194021 St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Yilmaz Bican
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Bonfigt
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maciej Brachmanski
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Braune
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Fini Jastrow
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Gottwald
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestrasse 2–12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hendrik Kaser
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestrasse 2–12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Richter
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestrasse 2–12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Tiedtke
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
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