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Taverne MP, Zheng X, Chen YSJ, Morgan KA, Chen L, Palakkool NM, Rezaie D, Awachi H, Rarity JG, Hewak DW, Huang CC, Ho YLD. Conformal CVD-Grown MoS 2 on Three-Dimensional Woodpile Photonic Crystals for Photonic Bandgap Engineering. ACS APPLIED OPTICAL MATERIALS 2023; 1:990-996. [PMID: 37255502 PMCID: PMC10226160 DOI: 10.1021/acsaom.3c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To achieve the modification of photonic band structures and realize the dispersion control toward functional photonic devices, composites of photonic crystal templates with high-refractive-index material are fabricated. A two-step process is used: 3D polymeric woodpile templates are fabricated by a direct laser writing method followed by chemical vapor deposition of MoS2. We observed red-shifts of partial bandgaps at the near-infrared region when the thickness of deposited MoS2 films increases. A ∼10 nm red-shift of fundamental and high-order bandgap is measured after each 1 nm MoS2 thin film deposition and confirmed by simulations and optical measurements using an angle-resolved Fourier imaging spectroscopy system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike P.
C. Taverne
- Department
of Mathematics, Physics & Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
| | - Xu Zheng
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
| | - Yu-Shao Jacky Chen
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
| | - Katrina A. Morgan
- Optoelectronics
Research Centre, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, U.K.
| | - Lifeng Chen
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
| | - Nadira Meethale Palakkool
- Department
of Mathematics, Physics & Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
| | - Daniel Rezaie
- Department
of Mathematics, Physics & Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
| | - Habib Awachi
- Department
of Mathematics, Physics & Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
| | - John G. Rarity
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
| | - Daniel W. Hewak
- Optoelectronics
Research Centre, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, U.K.
| | - Chung-Che Huang
- Optoelectronics
Research Centre, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, U.K.
| | - Ying-Lung Daniel Ho
- Department
of Mathematics, Physics & Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
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Butt MA, Kazanskiy NL, Khonina SN, Voronkov GS, Grakhova EP, Kutluyarov RV. A Review on Photonic Sensing Technologies: Status and Outlook. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:568. [PMID: 37232929 PMCID: PMC10216520 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In contemporary science and technology, photonic sensors are essential. They may be made to be extremely resistant to some physical parameters while also being extremely sensitive to other physical variables. Most photonic sensors may be incorporated on chips and operate with CMOS technology, making them suitable for use as extremely sensitive, compact, and affordable sensors. Photonic sensors can detect electromagnetic (EM) wave changes and convert them into an electric signal due to the photoelectric effect. Depending on the requirements, scientists have found ways to develop photonic sensors based on several interesting platforms. In this work, we extensively review the most generally utilized photonic sensors for detecting vital environmental parameters and personal health care. These sensing systems include optical waveguides, optical fibers, plasmonics, metasurfaces, and photonic crystals. Various aspects of light are used to investigate the transmission or reflection spectra of photonic sensors. In general, resonant cavity or grating-based sensor configurations that work on wavelength interrogation methods are preferred, so these sensor types are mostly presented. We believe that this paper will provide insight into the novel types of available photonic sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikolay L. Kazanskiy
- Samara National Research University, 443086 Samara, Russia
- IPSI RAS—Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, 443001 Samara, Russia
| | - Svetlana N. Khonina
- Samara National Research University, 443086 Samara, Russia
- IPSI RAS—Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, 443001 Samara, Russia
| | - Grigory S. Voronkov
- Ufa University of Science and Technology, Z. Validi St. 32, 450076 Ufa, Russia
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Strongly Confining Light with Air-Mode Cavities in Inverse Rod-Connected Diamond Photonic Crystals. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12030303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional dielectric optical crystals with a high index show a complete photonic bandgap (PBG), blocking light propagation in all directions. We show that this bandgap can be used to trap light in low-index defect cavities, leading to strongly enhanced local fields. We compute the band structure and optimize the bandgap of an inverse 3D rod-connected diamond (RCD) structure, using the plane-wave expansion (PWE) method. Selecting a structure with wide bandgap parameters, we then add air defects at the center of one of the high-index rods of the crystal and study the resulting cavity modes by exciting them with a broadband dipole source, using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Various defect shapes were studied and showed extremely small normalized mode volumes (Veff) with long cavity storage times (quality factor Q). For an air-filled spherical cavity of radius 0.1 unit-cell, a record small-cavity mode volume of Veff~2.2 × 10−3 cubic wavelengths was obtained with Q~3.5 × 106.
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Zhang H, Liu YC, Wang C, Zhang N, Lu C. Hybrid photonic-plasmonic nano-cavity with ultra-high Q/V. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:4794-4797. [PMID: 32870859 DOI: 10.1364/ol.402781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Optical cavities with high figure of merit Q/V is essential to enhance the interaction of light and matter. Here, a hybrid photonic-plasmonic nano-cavity, consisting of an L3 photonic crystal nano-cavity and plasmonic bowtie nano-antennas, is proposed to have an ultrahigh figure of merit Q/V of 8.4×106(λ/n)-3, which is the highest value ever demonstrated for all previous works about L3-type photonic crystal nano-cavities. The value of Q/V is enhanced by more than 25 times compared to that in a bare L3 photonic crystal nano-cavity and is 60 times greater than plasmonic bowtie nano-antennas. As a result, the single-atom cooperativity parameter is improved by 26 times with respect to a bare L3 photonic crystal nano-cavity, and strong coupling between light and a single emitter is achieved. The proposed structure provides a new platform to achieve strong coupling between light and a single emitter, which holds great potential for applications in quantum optics, quantum information, and nonlinear optics.
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