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Jadhav P, Gokarna V, Deshpande V, Vavia P. Bioavailability Enhancement of Olmesartan Medoxomil Using Hot-Melt Extrusion: In-Silico, In-Vitro, and In-Vivo Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:254. [PMID: 32888102 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) an antihypertensive molecule with poor solubility and poor bioavailability (26% when taken orally) was selected as a model drug. Herein, rationale development of amorphous solid dispersion with hot-melt extrusion of poorly bioavailable OLM was carried out with the aid of quality by design (QbD), in-silico, in-vitro, and in-vivo evaluations. Polymer selection commenced with the selection of thermoplastic water-soluble polymers with the compatible processing temperature window as per the thermal behavior of OLM. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations as well assisted in the selection of a carrier. Promising dissolution enhancement was observed with the help of Kollidon VA-64 (VA-64) as a carrier. Optimization of the formulation was executed using the QbD approach with design of experiment as a statistical optimization tool. Interactions between VA-64 and OLM on the atomic level were studied with the help of atomistic MD simulations. Characterization of the optimized extrudates were carried out with scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, in-vitro dissolution study, and in-vivo pharmacokinetic studies. Molecular-level mixing of OLM with VA-64 resulted into glass solution formation which rapidly dissolves (28 times in-vitro dissolution enhancement) in GI tract fluids and instantly gets absorbed into blood circulation. In-vivo pharmacokinetic studies performed in Sprague-Dawley rats reflected superior bioavailability (201.60%) with a significant increase in the Cmax with short Tmax through amorphization of OLM. The in-silico results were in agreement with the observed results of in-vitro dissolution studies and in-vivo pharmacokinetic study.
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Abstract
Olmesartan is an angiotensin receptor blockers with actions similar to those of losartan; it is used for the treatment of high blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels for this reason blood can flow more easily. It could be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive drugs. This chapter gives a comprehensive profile of olmesartan, containing detailed nomenclature, formulae, elemental analysis, and appearance of the drug. In addition this chapter also describes several methods of synthesis and usage of the olmesartan. The profile covers the physicochemical properties including pKa value, solubility, X-ray powder diffraction, melting point, and procedures of analysis (compendial, spectroscopic, electrochemical, and chromatographic techniques of analysis). Comprehensive pharmacology is also presented (pharmacological actions, therapeutic uses and dosing, interactions, and adverse effects and precautions). Eighty references were given as a proof of the above-mentioned studies.
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Haq N, Iqbal M, Alanazi FK, Alsarra IA, Shakeel F. Applying green analytical chemistry for rapid analysis of drugs: Adding health to pharmaceutical industry. ARAB J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Muszalska I, Sobczak A, Dołhań A, Jelińska A. Analysis of Sartans: a review. J Pharm Sci 2013; 103:2-28. [PMID: 24227012 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The risk of cardiovascular diseases is closely related to hypertension, high cholesterol levels, and diabetes. When these risk factors appear together they are referred to as a metabolic syndrome. In the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, a combination of antihypertensive, hypolipemiant, and antidiabetic drugs is often applied. Diuretics (chlortalidone, hydrochlorothiazide, etc.) and angiotensin II receptors antagonist (sartans) are used to control hypertension, whereas statins (fluvastatin, simvastatin, etc.) are used to reduce cholesterol levels. This review is concerned with methods for the analysis of sartans in various matrices, such as pharmaceutical formulations, environmental and biological samples, and discusses the current status of stability studies of sartans . It also presents analytical methods for the simultaneous determination of sartans, diuretics, and statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Muszalska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, Poznań, 60-780, Poland
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Ilango K, Shiji Kumar PS. Application of a Stability-Indicating HPTLC Method for Simultaneous Quantitative Determination of Olmesartan Medoxomil and Hydrochlorothiazide in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2013; 2013:363741. [PMID: 24319604 PMCID: PMC3835193 DOI: 10.1155/2013/363741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, precise, sensitive, economical, and validated high performance thin layer chromatographic method is developed for simultaneous quantification of olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide in combined tablet dosage form. The method used amlodipine as internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separations were achieved on silica gel 60 F254 plates using toluene-methanol-ethyl acetate-acetone (2.5 : 1 : 0.5 : 2, v/v/v/v) as mobile phase. Densitometric analysis was carried out in the reflectance mode at 258 nm. Calibration curves were linear over a range of 80-480 ng/band for olmesartan medoxomil and 25-150 ng/band for hydrochlorothiazide. The detection and quantification limits were found to be 18.12 and 56.35 ng/band for olmesartan medoxomil and 6.31 and 18.56 ng/band for hydrochlorothiazide, respectively. Intra- and interassay precision provided relative standard deviations lower than 2% for both analytes. Recovery from 99.60 to 101.22% for olmesartan medoxomil and 98.30 to 99.32% for hydrochlorothiazide show good accuracy. Both the drugs were also subjected to acid, alkali, oxidation, heat, and photodegradation studies. The degradation products obtained were well resolved from pure drugs with significantly different R f values. As the method could effectively separate the drugs from their degradation products, it can be used for stability-indicating analysis. Validation of the method was carried out as per international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaliappan Ilango
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India
| | - Pushpangadhan S. Shiji Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jamia Salafiya Pharmacy College, Pulikkal, Malappuram, Kerala 673 637, India
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Patel J, Kevin G, Patel A, Raval M, Sheth N. Development of the UV spectrophotometric method of Olmesartan medoxomil in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulation and stress degradation studies. Pharm Methods 2013; 2:36-41. [PMID: 23781428 PMCID: PMC3658033 DOI: 10.4103/2229-4708.81092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, sensitive, specific, spectrophotometric method was developed for the detection of Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. The optimum conditions for the analysis of the drug were established. OLM was subjected to stress degradation under different conditions recommended by the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). The samples so generated were used for degradation studies using the developed method. The λmax of the OLM was found to be 257 nm. The method exhibited high sensitivity, with linearity, in the 2 to 20 μg/ml range. The lower limit of detection and the limit of quantification were found to be 1.012 μg/ml and 3.036 μg/ml, respectively. All the calibration curves demonstrated a linear relationship between the absorbance and concentration, with the correlation coefficient higher than 0.99. The regression equation of the curve was Y = 0.0579x + 0.0006. The precision of the method was found to be 40.043 ± 0.067 against the label claim of 40 mg. The percentage recovery was found to be 101.32 ± 0.452. The sample solution was stable for up to two hours. Hence, it could be concluded that the proposed method would be suitable for the analysis of OLM in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaydeep Patel
- Atmiya Institute of Pharmacy, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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Rahman MM, Khan SB, Faisal M, Rub MA, Al-Youbi AO, Asiri AM. Electrochemical determination of olmesartan medoxomil using hydrothermally prepared nanoparticles composed SnO2-Co3O4 nanocubes in tablet dosage forms. Talanta 2012; 99:924-31. [PMID: 22967644 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Low-dimensional nanoparticles composed SnO(2)-Co(3)O(4) nanocubes (NCs) were prepared by a hydrothermal method using reducing agents. The doped nanomaterials were investigated by UV/vis, powder X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. They were deposited on a silver electrode (AgE, surface area, 0.0216 cm(2)) to give a drug sensor with a fast response towards Olmesartan medoxomil (OSM) in 0.1 mol L(-1) phosphate buffer-phases. The sensor also exhibits higher sensitivity, long-term stability, and enhanced electrochemical response. The calibration plot is linear (r(2)=0.9948) over the 0.28 nmol L(-1)-1.4 μM OSM concentration range. The sensitivity is ~2.083 μA cm(-2) mmol L(-1) and the detection limit is 0.17 nmol L(-1) (at an SNR of 3). We discuss the possible potential uses of this nanoparticles doped semiconductor NCs in terms of drug sensing, which could also be employed for the determination of drugs in quality control of formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Rahman
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, P.O. Box 80203, Saudi Arabia.
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Raj S, Kumari KS, Rao AN, Reddy IU, Raju MN. DEVELOPMENT OF A STABILITY-INDICATING UPLC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF OLMESARTAN MEDOXOMIL AND ITS DEGRADATION PRODUCTS IN ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENT AND DOSAGE FORMS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.615091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Raj
- a Department of Chemistry , Osmania University , Hyderabad , India
| | - K. Siva Kumari
- b Research and Development, Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories , Hyderabad , India
| | - A. Narasimha Rao
- b Research and Development, Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories , Hyderabad , India
| | - I. Ugandhar Reddy
- b Research and Development, Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories , Hyderabad , India
| | - M. Naga Raju
- b Research and Development, Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories , Hyderabad , India
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Ramadan NK, Mohamed AO, Shawky SE, Salem MY. Different stability-indicating chromatographic techniques for the determination of netobimin. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2012; 2012:754650. [PMID: 22567566 PMCID: PMC3335307 DOI: 10.1155/2012/754650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Two simple, accurate, and sensitive methods were developed for the determination of netobimin in the presence of its degradation product. Method (A) was an HPLC method, performed on C18 column using acetonitrile/methanol/0.01 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate (56 : 14 : 30 by volume) as a mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. Detection was performed at 254 nm. Method (B) was a TLC method, using silica gel 60 F(254) plates; the optimized mobile phase was toluene/methanol/chloroform/ammonium hydroxide (5 : 4 : 6 : 0.1 by volume). The spots were scanned densitometrically at 346 nm. Linearity ranges were 1-10 μg/mL for method (A) and 0.5-5 μg/band for method (B), and the mean percentage recoveries were 99.3 ± 0.7% and 99.7 ± 0.7% for methods (A) and (B), respectively. The proposed methods were found to be specific for netobimin in the presence of up to 90% of its degradation product. Statistical comparison between the results obtained by these methods and the manufacturer method was done, and no significance difference was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrin K. Ramadan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Giza 11562, Egypt
| | - Afaf O. Mohamed
- Analytical Chemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), 6 Abu Hazem Street, Pyramids Avenue, P.O. Box 29, 35521, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, 13174 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara E. Shawky
- Analytical Chemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), 6 Abu Hazem Street, Pyramids Avenue, P.O. Box 29, 35521, Egypt
| | - Maissa Y. Salem
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Giza 11562, Egypt
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Prekodravac B, Damm M, Kappe CO. Microwave-assisted forced degradation using high-throughput microtiter platforms. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:867-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Moussa B, Mohamed M, Youssef N. Simultaneous densitometric TLC analysis of olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide in the tablet dosage form. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2011. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.24.2011.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bajerski L, Rossi RC, Dias CL, Bergold AM, Fröehlich PE. Development and validation of a discriminating in vitro dissolution method for a poorly soluble drug, olmesartan medoxomil: comparison between commercial tablets. AAPS PharmSciTech 2010; 11:637-44. [PMID: 20373150 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-010-9421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A dissolution test for tablets containing 40 mg of olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) was developed and validated using both LC-UV and UV methods. After evaluation of the sink condition, dissolution medium, and stability of the drug, the method was validated using USP apparatus 2, 50 rpm rotation speed, and 900 ml of deaerated H(2)O + 0.5% sodium lauryl sulfate (w/v) at pH 6.8 (adjusted with 18% phosphoric acid) as the dissolution medium. The model-independent method using difference factor (f(1)) and similarity factor (f(2)), model-dependent method, and dissolution efficiency were employed to compare dissolution profiles. The kinetic parameters of drug release were also investigated. The obtained results provided adequate dissolution profiles. The developed dissolution test was validated according to international guidelines. Since there is no monograph for this drug in tablets, the dissolution method presented here can be used as a quality control test for OLM in this dosage form, especially in a batch to batch evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Gilpin
- Brehm Research Laboratory University Park, Wright State University, Fairborn, Ohio 45324-2031, USA
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