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High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) Method for Identification of Meloxicam and Piroxicam. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10020394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is an advantageous, modern analytical technique based on the principles of thin-layer chromatography (TLC), which provides essential benefits, such as improved sample application, better and faster separation, and less mobile phase usage. The aim of this work was to develop a simple and rapid HPTLC method that could be used for the identification of meloxicam and piroxicam. Methods: HPTLC. An analysis was carried out using silica gel 60 F254 glass TLC plates and as the mobile phase: hexane: ethyl acetate: glacial acetic acid, in a ratio of 65:30:5 v/v/v. For the standard solution preparation, ethanol was used. Front: 60 mm. Detection was performed at 366 nm. Results: The Rf value for meloxicam was 0.81 and the Rf value for piroxicam was 0.57. The proposed method can be used in the detection of the analyzed compounds in very low concentrations. It was established that the detection limit of meloxicam was 0.04 μg per band and that of piroxicam was 0.05 μg per band. It was also established that the quantitation limit of meloxicam was 0.12 μg per band and that of piroxicam was 0.15 μg per band. Conclusions: The proposed method is simple, sensitive, stable, cost effective, and eco-friendly. It could be used in research or for routine quality control purposes.
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Dhanalakshmi N, Priya T, Thennarasu S, Sivanesan S, Thinakaran N. Synthesis and electrochemical properties of environmental free l-glutathione grafted graphene oxide/ZnO nanocomposite for highly selective piroxicam sensing. J Pharm Anal 2021; 11:48-56. [PMID: 33717611 PMCID: PMC7930633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and reliable strategy was proposed to engineer the glutathione grafted graphene oxide/ZnO nanocomposite (glutathione-GO/ZnO) as electrode material for the high-performance piroxicam sensor. The prepared glutathione-GO/ZnO nanocomposite was well characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The novel nanocomposite modified electrode showed the highest electrocatalytic activity towards piroxicam (oxidation potential is 0.52 V). Under controlled experimental parameters, the proposed sensor exhibited good linear responses to piroxicam concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 500 μM. The detection limit and sensitivity were calculated as 1.8 nM and 0.2 μA/μM·cm2, respectively. Moreover, it offered excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and long-term stability and can effectively ignore the interfering candidates commonly existing in the pharmaceutical tablets and human fluids even at a higher concentration. Finally, the reported sensor was successfully employed to the direct determination of piroxicam in practical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Dhanalakshmi
- Environmental Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T. Priya
- Environmental Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Thennarasu
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Thiruchirapalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Sivanesan
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, AC Tech, Anna University, Chennai, 25, India
| | - N. Thinakaran
- Environmental Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Araujo EDO, Rosa AM, Amaral MSD, Sversut RA, Baroni ACDM, Oliveira LCSD, Kassab NM. Stability-indicating HPLC-DAD method for the simultaneous determination of fluoroquinolone in combination with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in pharmaceutical formulation. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902019000417758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Mostafa GAE, Al-Dosseri AS, Al-Badr AA. Piroxicam. PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS, AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2019; 45:199-474. [PMID: 32164968 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive profile of piroxicam including the nomenclatures, formulae, elemental composition, appearance, uses and applications. The methods which were utilized for the preparation of the drug substance and their respective schemes are outlined. The physical characteristics of the drug including the ionization constant, solubility, x-ray powder diffraction pattern, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal behavior and spectroscopic studies are described. The methods which were used for the analysis of the drug substance in bulk drug and/or in pharmaceutical formulations including the compendial, spectrophotometric, electrochemical and the chromatographic methods are reported. The stability, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, drug evaluation, comparison, in addition to compiled reviews on the drug substance are involved. Finally, more than four hundred and fifty references are listed at the end of this profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal A E Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Al-Dosseri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Badr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Muszyńska B, Dąbrowska M, Starek M, Żmudzki P, Lazur J, Pytko-Polończyk J, Opoka W. Lentinula edodes Mycelium as Effective Agent for Piroxicam Mycoremediation. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:313. [PMID: 30846979 PMCID: PMC6393367 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollution of the environment with inorganic and organic substances is one of the main problems in the world. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct researches for effective methods of biodegradation of xenobiotics, including drugs whose unmetabolized forms are introduced into the environment, especially into water. One possible solution to this problem may be the use of white rot fungi, such as Lentinula edodes. This is an edible species used in medicine because of its beneficial anti-cancer, hypocholesterolemic, hypotensive, hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects. Due to the fact that the mycelium of L. edodes produces enzymes with oxidizing properties that can degrade xenobiotics. The aim of the work was verification if in vitro cultures of L. edodes can be used for bioremediation of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug: piroxicam. For this purpose, the in vitro culture of L. edodes was derived and the mycelial cultures of this species enriched with piroxicam were analyzed. The biodegradation pathway of piroxicam by L. edodes mycelium was carried out by the UPLC/MS/MS method. The degradation process of piroxicam was found to affect primarily the linker between the thiazine and the piperidine ring, leading to its oxidation and cleavage. Additionally, oxidation of the benzothiazine moiety was observed, leading to hydroxylation and oxidation of the phenyl ring as well as oxidation of the thiazine ring leading to partial or complete removal of the sulfonamide moiety. It seems that the degradation process led finally to 2-hydroxybenozquinone, which may be further oxidized to inorganic compounds. What's more, concentration of piroxicam in in vitro cultures of L. edodes was not correlated with effectiveness of biodegradation of this compound - on each experimental series, the level of degradation was the same. The results confirm the possibility of using the investigated L. edodes mycelium for remediation of piroxicam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Dąbrowska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Starek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Żmudzki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jan Lazur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Włodzimierz Opoka
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Cioroiu BI, Grigoriu IC, Cioroiu ME, Niculaua M, Lupuleasa R, Lazar MI. Determination of Degradation Products of Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride, Lidocaine and Piroxicam in a Semi-Topical Formulation: MS–MS Confirmation of Unknown Impurities. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:902-11. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Tiťa B, Măruťoiu O, Tiťa D, Măruťoiu C, Soran M, Moldovan Z. Separation and identification of some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs using TLC and HPLC-MS. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2012. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.25.2012.6.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Starek M, Łaskawski S, Dąbrowska M. Identification and quantitative determination of nabumetone in pharmaceutical preparations by TLC-densitometry. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2011. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.24.2011.6.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ferenczi-Fodor K, Végh Z, Renger B. Impurity profiling of pharmaceuticals by thin-layer chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:2722-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Starek M, Krzek J, Tarsa M. TLC-densitometric method for quantification of oxaprozin and its degradation products in pharmaceutical preparations. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.23.2010.4.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Starek M, Rejdych M. Densitometric analysis of celecoxib, etoricoxib and valdecoxib in pharmaceutical preparations. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2009. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.22.2009.6.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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