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Kwak MJ, Chae KS, Kim JN, Whang KY, Kim Y. Dietary effects of melatonin on growth performance by modulation of protein bioavailability and behavior in early weaned rats and pigs. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 65:1053-1064. [PMID: 37969335 PMCID: PMC10640933 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin, which is produced from tryptophan, exerts various biological functions, including the regulation of circadian rhythm, sedative agents, and antioxidant ability. Therefore, we conducted two experiments with early-weaned rats and pigs to investigate the antioxidant and sedative effects of melatonin. In the rat experiment, a total of 42 rats (21 days old) were used, and the antioxidant capacity was determined. Next, we used 120 early-weaned piglets (21 days old) to conduct a 5-week experiment to evaluate the reductive effect of melatonin on energy-wasting movement, including roaming and fight states. Dietary melatonin supplementation significantly improved growth in both rats and pigs compared to the control groups. Additionally, rats fed a melatonin-supplemented diet showed advanced antioxidant capacity with a decrease in hepatic malondialdehyde concentration compared to rats fed a basal diet. Moreover, dietary melatonin ingestion increased resting and feeding behaviors and reduced roaming and fight behaviors during Days 8-21 compared to the control diet group. Collectively, early weaned animals given dietary melatonin supplementation showed improved growth through upregulation of hepatic antioxidant capacity and minimization of energy-wasting behavior, including roaming and fight states, after pigs' social hierarchy establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jin Kwak
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology
and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National
University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyeong Su Chae
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life
Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841,
Korea
| | - Jong Nam Kim
- Department of Food Science &
Nutrition, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Whang
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life
Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841,
Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology
and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National
University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Zhang XY, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Liu ZF, Wei BB, Feng XS. Melatonin in different food samples: Recent update on distribution, bioactivities, pretreatment and analysis techniques. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112272. [PMID: 36596183 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) plays a significant role on maintaining the basic physiological functions and regulating various metabolic processes in plentiful organisms. Recent years have witnessed an increase in MLT's share in global market with its affluent functions. However, the worrisome quality issues and inappropriate or excessive application of MLT take place inevitably. In addition, its photosensitive properties, oxidation, complex substrate concentration and trace levels leave exact detection of MLT doubly difficult. Therefore, it is essential to exploit precise, sensitive and stable extraction and detection methods to resolve above questions. In this study, we reviewed the distribution and bioactivities of MLT and conducted a comprehensive overview of the developments of pretreatment and analysis methods for MLT in food samples since 2010. Commonly used pretreatment methods for MLT include not only traditional techniques, but also novel ones, such as solid-phase extraction, QuEChERS, microextraction by packed sorbent, solid phase microextraction, liquid phase microextraction, and so on. Analysis methods include liquid chromatography coupled with different detectors, GC methods, capillary electrophoresis, sensors, and so on. The advantages and disadvantages of different techniques have been compared and the development tendency was prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021 China
| | - Zhi-Fei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Bin-Bin Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Evaluation of different internal standardization approaches for the quantification of melatonin in cell culture samples by multiple heart-cutting two dimensional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1663:462752. [PMID: 34954534 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We evaluate here different analytical strategies for the chromatographic separation and determination of N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine (MEL) and its oxidative metabolites N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK), N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK) and cyclic 3-hydroxymelatonin (c3OHM) in cell culture samples. Two dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) in the multiple heart-cutting mode was compared with regular 1D chromatographic separations of MEL and its oxidative metabolites. Our results showed that the use of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as mobile phase modifier was required to obtain a satisfactory resolution and peak shapes particularly for c3OHM. As TFA is not compatible with ESI ionization the application of the MHC mode was mandatory for a proper chromatographic separation. We evaluate also different internal standardization approaches based on the combined use of a surrogate standard (5-methoxytryptophol) and an internal standard (6-methoxytryptamine) for MEL quantification in cell culture samples obtaining unsatisfactory results both by 1D- and 2D-LC-ESI-MS/MS (from 9 ± 2 to 186 ± 38%). We demonstrate that only the application of isotope dilution Mass Spectrometry through the use of an in house synthesized 13C isotopically labelled analogue provided quantitative MEL recoveries both by using 1D- and 2D-LC-ESI-MS/MS (99±1 and 98±1. Respectively) in androgen-insensitive human prostate carcinoma PC3 cells.
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Kim HS, Paik MJ, Seo C, Choi HD, Pack JK, Kim N, Ahn YH. Influences of exposure to 915-MHz radiofrequency identification signals on serotonin metabolites in rats: a pilot study. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 97:282-287. [PMID: 33135949 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1844336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The influences of radiofrequency electromagnetic exposure on animal health, particularly on serotonin metabolism, are not well-elucidated. In this in vivo study, we studied the influences of exposure to radiofrequency identification (RFID) signals on serotonin metabolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to sham (n = 10) and RFID-exposed (n = 12) groups. Rats in the RFID-exposed group were exposed to RFID signals at an average whole-body specific absorption rate of 2 W/kg for 8 h/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks. Before and after RFID exposure, 24-h urine was collected from each rat. Urinary tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and 5-methoxyindole-3-acetic acid concentrations were examined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and changes in the patterns of values were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Urinary levels of serotonin decreased by 20% (p = .041, Student's t-test) and 40% (p = .024, Student's t-test) in both the sham and RFID-exposed groups, respectively. The level of 5-methoxyindole-3-acetic acid decreased by 30% in the RFID-exposed group (p = .039, Student's t-test). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that exposure to RFID signals at a specific absorption rate of 2 W/kg is sufficient to alter serotonin metabolism in rats regardless of whether the exposure level is considered biohazardous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Sun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Jeong Paik
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Do Choi
- Radio Technology Research Department, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ki Pack
- Department of Radio Sciences and Engineering, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Kim
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwan Ahn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Manikandan PN, Dharuman V. Electrochemical Simultaneous Sensing of Melatonin, Dopamine and Acetaminophen at Platinum Doped and Decorated Alpha Iron Oxide. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Palinci Nagarajan Manikandan
- Molecular Electronics Lab; Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors; Alagappa University; Karaikudi - 630 003 India
| | - Venkataraman Dharuman
- Molecular Electronics Lab; Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors; Alagappa University; Karaikudi - 630 003 India
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Kim HS, Paik MJ, Lee YH, Lee YS, Choi HD, Pack JK, Kim N, Ahn YH. Eight hours of nocturnal 915 MHz radiofrequency identification (RFID) exposure reduces urinary levels of melatonin and its metabolite via pineal arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in male rats. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 91:898-907. [PMID: 26189731 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2015.1075075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the effects of whole-body exposure to the 915 MHz radiofrequency identification (RFID) on melatonin biosynthesis and the activity of rat pineal arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were exposed to RFID (whole-body specific absorption rate, 4 W/kg) for 8 h/day, 5 days/week, for weeks during the nighttime. Total volume of urine excreted during a 24-h period was collected after RFID exposure. Urinary melatonin and 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate (6-OHMS) was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. AANAT enzyme activity was measured using liquid biphasic dif-13 fusion assay. Protein levels and mRNA expression of AANAT was 14 measured by Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase 15 chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, respectively. RESULTS Eight hours of nocturnal RFID exposure caused a significant reduction in both urinary melatonin (p = 0. 003) and 6-OHMS (p = 0. 026). Activity, protein levels, and mRNA expression of AANAT were suppressed by exposure to RFID (p < 0. 05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that nocturnal RFID exposure can cause reductions in the levels of both urinary melatonin and 6-OHMS, possibly due to decreased melatonin biosynthesis via suppression of Aanat gene transcription in the rat pineal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Sun Kim
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon
| | - Man-Jeong Paik
- b College of Pharmacy , Sunchon National University , Sunchon
| | - Yu Hee Lee
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon ;,c Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences , Graduate School of Ajou University , Suwon
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- d Division of Life Science and Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy , Ewha Woman's University , Seoul
| | - Hyung Do Choi
- e Radio Technology Research Department , Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute , Daejeon
| | - Jeong-Ki Pack
- f Department of Radio Sciences and Engineering, College of Engineering , Chungnam National University , Daejeon
| | - Nam Kim
- g School of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Chungbuk National University , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwan Ahn
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon ;,c Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences , Graduate School of Ajou University , Suwon
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