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Li C, Du Y, Chen H, Han X, Wu W, Kong X, Zhang C, Yuan X. Transmission infrared micro-spectroscopic study of individual human hair. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2023; 28:116501. [PMID: 37937254 PMCID: PMC10627096 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.11.116501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Significance Understanding the optical transmission property of human hair, especially in the infrared regime, is vital in physical, clinical, and biomedical research. However, the majority of infrared spectroscopy on human hair is performed in the reflection mode, which only probes the absorptance of the surface layer. Aim The direct transmission spectrum of individual hair without horizontal cut offers a rapid and non-destructive test of the hair cortex but is less investigated experimentally due to the small size and strong absorption of the hair. Approach In this work, we conduct a transmission infrared micro-spectroscopic study on individual human hair with the help of Fourier-transform infrared microscope experimentally. Its high spatial resolution of infrared micro-spectroscopy further allows the comparison among different regions of hair. The geometry effect of the internal hair structure is also quantified using the finite-element simulation, which supports the experimental results. Results By utilizing direct measurements of the transmission spectrum using a Fourier-transform infrared microscope, the human hair is found to display prominent band filtering behavior. In a case study of adult-onset Still's disease, the corresponding infrared transmission exhibits systematic variations of spectral weight as the disease evolves. Conclusions Our work implies that the variation of spectral weight may relate to the disordered microscopic structure variation of the hair cortex during an inflammatory attack. Our work reveals the potential of hair infrared transmission spectrum in tracing the variation of hair cortex retrospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Fudan University, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Ultrasound and Department of General Practice, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhan Du
- East China Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Shanghai, China
| | - Haonan Chen
- Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics & Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxin Han
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Department of General Practice, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- East China Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiufang Kong
- Fudan University, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics & Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Yuan
- East China Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Shanghai, China
- East China Normal University, School of Physics and Electronic Science, Shanghai, China
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Shinzawa H, Turner B, Mizukado J, Kazarian SG. Protein hydration in living cells probed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic imaging. Analyst 2017; 142:2475-2483. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an00337d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
FT-IR spectra of a HEK cell were analyzed with 2D disrelation mapping to reveal molecular states of water and protein hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Shinzawa
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Imperial College London
- UK
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Japan
| | - B. Turner
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Imperial College London
- UK
| | - J. Mizukado
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Japan
| | - S. G. Kazarian
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Imperial College London
- UK
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Marcott C, Lo M, Kjoller K, Fiat F, Baghdadli N, Balooch G, Luengo GS. Localization of human hair structural lipids using nanoscale infrared spectroscopy and imaging. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 68:564-569. [PMID: 25014600 DOI: 10.1366/13-07328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy have been combined in a single instrument (AFM-IR) capable of producing IR spectra and absorption images at a sub-micrometer spatial resolution. This new device enables human hair to be spectroscopically characterized at levels not previously possible. In particular, it was possible to determine the location of structural lipids in the cuticle and cortex of hair. Samples of human hair were embedded, cross-sectioned, and mounted on ZnSe prisms. A tunable IR laser generating pulses of the order of 10 ns was used to excite sample films. Short duration thermomechanical waves, due to infrared absorption and resulting thermal expansion, were studied by monitoring the resulting excitation of the contact resonance modes of the AFM cantilever. Differences are observed in the IR absorbance intensity of long-chain methylene-containing functional groups between the outer cuticle, middle cortex, and inner medulla of the hair. An accumulation of structural lipids is clearly observed at the individual cuticle layer boundaries. This method should prove useful in the future for understanding the penetration mechanism of substances into hair as well as elucidating the chemical nature of alteration or possible damage according to depth and hair morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis Marcott
- Light Light Solutions, LLC, P.O. Box 81486, Athens, GA 30608-1484, USA
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Pudney PDA, Bonnist EYM, Mutch KJ, Nicholls R, Rieley H, Stanfield S. Confocal Raman spectroscopy of whole hairs. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 67:1408-1416. [PMID: 24359655 DOI: 10.1366/13-07086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the application of Raman spectroscopy to whole hair fibers. Previously this has proved difficult because the hairs are relatively opaque, and spatial resolution diminishes with depth because of the change in refractive index. A solution is to couple confocal Raman with multivariate curve resolution (MCR) data analysis, which separates spectral differences with depth despite this reduction in resolution. Initially, it is shown that the cuticle can be separated from the cortex, showing the differences in the proteins, which can then be plotted as a function of depth, with the cuticle factor being seen only at the surface as expected. Hairs that had been treated in different ways, e.g., by bleaching, treatment with the active molecule resorcinol followed by rinsing and treatment with a full hair care product, were also examined. In all cases, changes to the hair are identified and are associated with specific parts of the fiber. Since the hair fiber is kept intact, it can be repeatedly treated and measured, hence multistep treatment processes can be followed. This method expands the potential use of Raman spectroscopy in hair research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D A Pudney
- Unilever Discover, Colworth Laboratory, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ UK
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Kazarian SG, Ewing AV. Applications of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging to tablet dissolution and drug release. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:1207-21. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.801452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Kazarian SG, Chan KLA. ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging: recent advances and applications to biological systems. Analyst 2013; 138:1940-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an36865c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Chan KLA, Kazarian SG. Correcting the Effect of Refraction and Dispersion of Light in FT-IR Spectroscopic Imaging in Transmission through Thick Infrared Windows. Anal Chem 2012; 85:1029-36. [DOI: 10.1021/ac302846d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. L. Andrew Chan
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sergei G. Kazarian
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Kinetics and equilibrium of solute diffusion into human hair. Ann Biomed Eng 2012; 40:2719-26. [PMID: 22777125 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-012-0610-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The uptake kinetics of five molecules by hair has been measured and the effects of pH and physical chemical properties of molecules were investigated. A theoretical model is proposed to analyze the experimental data. The results indicate that the binding affinity of solute to hair, as characterized by hair-water partition coefficient, scales to the hydrophobicity of the solute and decreases dramatically as the pH increases to the dissociation constant. The effective diffusion coefficient of solute depended not only on the molecular size as most previous studies suggested, but also on the binding affinity as well as solute dissociation. It appears that the uptake of molecules by hair is due to both hydrophobic interaction and ionic charge interaction. Based on theoretical considerations of the cellular structure, composition and physical chemical properties of hair, quantitative-structure-property-relationships (QSPR) have been proposed to predict the hair-water partition coefficient (PC) and the effective diffusion coefficient (D (e)) of solute. The proposed QSPR models fit well with the experimental data. This paper could be taken as a reference for investigating the adsorption properties for polymeric materials, fibres, and biomaterials.
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Yu P. Microprobing the molecular spatial distribution and structural architecture of feed-type sorghum seed tissue (Sorghum Bicolor L.) using the synchrotron radiation infrared microspectroscopy technique. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2011; 18:790-801. [PMID: 21862861 PMCID: PMC3161819 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049511023727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Sorghum seed (Sorghum bicolor L.) has unique degradation and fermentation behaviours compared with other cereal grains such as wheat, barley and corn. This may be related to its cell and cell-wall architecture. The advanced synchrotron radiation infrared microspectroscopy (SR-IMS) technique enables the study of cell or living cell biochemistry within cellular dimensions. The objective of this study was to use the SR-IMS imaging technique to microprobe molecular spatial distribution and cell architecture of the sorghum seed tissue comprehensively. High-density mapping was carried out using SR-IMS on beamline U2B at the National Synchrotron Light Source (Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY, USA). Molecular images were systematically recorded from the outside to the inside of the seed tissue under various chemical functional groups and their ratios [peaks at ∼1725 (carbonyl C=O ester), 1650 (amide I), 1657 (protein secondary structure α-helix), 1628 (protein secondary structure β-sheet), 1550 (amide II), 1515 (aromatic compounds of lignin), 1428, 1371, 1245 (cellulosic compounds in plant seed tissue), 1025 (non-structural CHO, starch granules), 1246 (cellulosic material), 1160 (CHO), 1150 (CHO), 1080 (CHO), 930 (CHO), 860 (CHO), 3350 (OH and NH stretching), 2960 (CH(3) anti-symmetric), 2929 (CH(2) anti-symmetric), 2877 (CH(3) symmetric) and 2848 cm(-1) (CH(2) asymmetric)]. The relative protein secondary structure α-helix to β-sheet ratio image, protein amide I to starch granule ratio image, and anti-symmetric CH(3) to CH(2) ratio image were also investigated within the intact sorghum seed tissue. The results showed unique cell architecture, and the molecular spatial distribution and intensity in the sorghum seed tissue (which were analyzed through microprobe molecular imaging) were generated using SR-IMS. This imaging technique and methodology has high potential and could be used for scientists to develop specific cereal grain varieties with targeted food and feed quality, and can also be used to monitor the degree of grain maturity, grain damage, the fate of organic contaminants and the effect of chemical treatment on plant and grain seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqiang Yu
- College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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Singh B, Umapathy S. Effect of SDS on human hair: Study on the molecular structure and morphology. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2011; 4:315-323. [PMID: 20815023 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201000072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a model study to understand the effect of surfactants on the physicochemical properties of human hair. FT-IR ATR spectroscopy has been employed to understand the chemical changes induced by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on human scalp hair. In particular, the SDS induced changes in the secondary structure of protein present in the outer protective layer of hair, i.e. cuticle, have been investigated. Conformational changes in the secondary structure of protein were studied by curve fitting of the amide I band after every phase of SDS treatment. It has been found that SDS brings rearrangements in the protein backbone conformations by transforming β -sheet structure to random coil and β -turn. Additionally, AFM and SEM studies were carried out to understand the morphological changes induced on the hair surface. SEM and AFM images demonstrated the rupture and partial erosion of cuticle sublayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawana Singh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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Chan KLA, Niu X, deMello AJ, Kazarian SG. Generation of Chemical Movies: FT-IR Spectroscopic Imaging of Segmented Flows. Anal Chem 2011; 83:3606-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac200497a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. L. Andrew Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - X. Niu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A. J. deMello
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - S. G. Kazarian
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Direct Observation of Pitch Gradient in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Film Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2009. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2009.30.7.1625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Palombo F, Danoux CB, Weinberg PD, Kazarian SG. Measurement of drug and macromolecule diffusion across atherosclerotic rabbit aorta ex vivo by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2009; 14:044008. [PMID: 19725720 DOI: 10.1117/1.3174395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion of two model drugs-benzyl nicotinate and ibuprofen-and the plasma macromolecule albumin across atherosclerotic rabbit aorta was studied ex vivo by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) imaging. Solutions of these molecules were applied to the endothelial surface of histological sections of the aortic wall that were sandwiched between two impermeable surfaces. An array of spectra, each corresponding to a specific location in the section, was obtained at various times during solute diffusion into the wall and revealed the distribution of the solutes within the tissue. Benzyl nicotinate in Ringer's solution showed higher affinity for atherosclerotic plaque than for apparently healthy tissue. Transmural concentration profiles for albumin demonstrated its permeation across the section and were consistent with a relatively low distribution volume for the macromolecule in the middle of the wall. The ability of albumin to act as a drug carrier for ibuprofen, otherwise undetected within the tissue, was demonstrated by multivariate subtraction image analysis. In conclusion, ATR-FTIR imaging can be used to study transport processes in tissue samples with high spatial and temporal resolution and without the need to label the solutes under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Palombo
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Technology, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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