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Volova LT, Kotelnikov GP, Shishkovsky I, Volov DB, Ossina N, Ryabov NA, Komyagin AV, Kim YH, Alekseev DG. 3D Bioprinting of Hyaline Articular Cartilage: Biopolymers, Hydrogels, and Bioinks. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2695. [PMID: 37376340 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The musculoskeletal system, consisting of bones and cartilage of various types, muscles, ligaments, and tendons, is the basis of the human body. However, many pathological conditions caused by aging, lifestyle, disease, or trauma can damage its elements and lead to severe disfunction and significant worsening in the quality of life. Due to its structure and function, articular (hyaline) cartilage is the most susceptible to damage. Articular cartilage is a non-vascular tissue with constrained self-regeneration capabilities. Additionally, treatment methods, which have proven efficacy in stopping its degradation and promoting regeneration, still do not exist. Conservative treatment and physical therapy only relieve the symptoms associated with cartilage destruction, and traditional surgical interventions to repair defects or endoprosthetics are not without serious drawbacks. Thus, articular cartilage damage remains an urgent and actual problem requiring the development of new treatment approaches. The emergence of biofabrication technologies, including three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, at the end of the 20th century, allowed reconstructive interventions to get a second wind. Three-dimensional bioprinting creates volume constraints that mimic the structure and function of natural tissue due to the combinations of biomaterials, living cells, and signal molecules to create. In our case-hyaline cartilage. Several approaches to articular cartilage biofabrication have been developed to date, including the promising technology of 3D bioprinting. This review represents the main achievements of such research direction and describes the technological processes and the necessary biomaterials, cell cultures, and signal molecules. Special attention is given to the basic materials for 3D bioprinting-hydrogels and bioinks, as well as the biopolymers underlying the indicated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa T Volova
- Research and Development Institute of Biotechnologies, Samara State Medical University, Chapayevskaya St. 89, 443099 Samara, Russia
| | - Gennadiy P Kotelnikov
- Research and Development Institute of Biotechnologies, Samara State Medical University, Chapayevskaya St. 89, 443099 Samara, Russia
| | - Igor Shishkovsky
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Dmitriy B Volov
- Research and Development Institute of Biotechnologies, Samara State Medical University, Chapayevskaya St. 89, 443099 Samara, Russia
| | - Natalya Ossina
- Research and Development Institute of Biotechnologies, Samara State Medical University, Chapayevskaya St. 89, 443099 Samara, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Ryabov
- Research and Development Institute of Biotechnologies, Samara State Medical University, Chapayevskaya St. 89, 443099 Samara, Russia
| | - Aleksey V Komyagin
- Research and Development Institute of Biotechnologies, Samara State Medical University, Chapayevskaya St. 89, 443099 Samara, Russia
| | - Yeon Ho Kim
- RokitHealth Care Ltd., 9, Digital-ro 10-gil, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08514, Republic of Korea
| | - Denis G Alekseev
- Research and Development Institute of Biotechnologies, Samara State Medical University, Chapayevskaya St. 89, 443099 Samara, Russia
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Lü G, Wu R, Wang B, Li L, Li Y, Li X, He H, Wang X, Kuang L. SPTLC2 ameliorates chondrocyte dysfunction and extracellular matrix metabolism disturbance in vitro and in vivo in osteoarthritis. Exp Cell Res 2023; 425:113524. [PMID: 36828166 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Disturbances in chondrocyte extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism in osteoarthritis (OA) are a major cause of OA and potentially lead to personal disability, placing a huge burden on society. Chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM catabolism have a major role in the OA process. Firstly, bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in OA, and serine palmitoyltransferase subunit 2 (SPTLC2) was chosen, which had high-level expression in the OA cartilage tissues and OA chondrocytes. Overexpression and knockdown of SPTLC2 were achieved in OA chondrocytes and normal chondrocytes respectively to study the effect of SPTLC2 upon ECM metabolism of chondrocytes. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured using MTT and flow cytometry analyses; SPTLC2 overexpression enhanced the OA chondrocyte viability and decreased apoptotic rate. In addition, Western blot detection of ECM-related factors (Collagen I, Collage II, MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13) revealed that SPTLC2 overexpression promoted the expression of collagens (Collagen I and Collage II) and suppressed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13) level. In contrast, SPTLC2 knockdown in normal chondrocytes showed opposite effects on cell viability, apoptosis, and ECM degeneration. The articular cartilage of OA rats was transfected with lentivirus overexpressing SPTLC2; HE and Safranin-O fast green demonstrated that SPTLC2 overexpression could alleviate chondrocyte injuries and slow down the development of OA. In conclusion, SPTLC2 plays a role in OA and may be a potential target gene for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Lü
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China
| | - Ren Wu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China
| | - Yunchao Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China
| | - Haoyu He
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China
| | - Lei Kuang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China.
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3
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Nakagawa H, Aramaki T, Kondo S, Kuroda J. Collagen9a1c localizes to collagen fibers called actinotrichia in zebrafish fins. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2023; 2023:10.17912/micropub.biology.000747. [PMID: 37090155 PMCID: PMC10119692 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Teleost fish fins are supported by spear-shaped collagen crystals called actinotrichia. Actinotrichia are distributed radially at the distal end of the fins and thought to be necessary for proper formation of the fin and fin-bones. We previously reported that collagen9a1c ( col9a1c ) gene product is essential for the regular arrangement of actinotrichia using col9a1c -knockout zebrafish. Here, we examined the localization pattern of the EGFP-tagged Col9a1c protein in the fins to understand its role in the arrangement of actinotrichia. We found that EGFP-Col9a1c specifically localizes to actinotrichia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hibiki Nakagawa
- Graduate school of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Aramaki
- Graduate school of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kondo
- Graduate school of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Junpei Kuroda
- Graduate school of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Correspondence to: Junpei Kuroda (
)
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RGD-Functionalized Hydrogel Supports the Chondrogenic Commitment of Adipose Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Gels 2022; 8:gels8060382. [PMID: 35735726 PMCID: PMC9222613 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is known to have limited intrinsic self-healing capacity when a defect or a degeneration process occurs. Hydrogels represent promising biomaterials for cell encapsulation and injection in cartilage defects by creating an environment that mimics the cartilage extracellular matrix. The aim of this study is the analysis of two different concentrations (1:1 and 1:2) of VitroGel® (VG) hydrogels without (VG-3D) and with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motifs, (VG-RGD), verifying their ability to support chondrogenic differentiation of encapsulated human adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (hASCs). We analyzed the hydrogel properties in terms of rheometric measurements, cell viability, cytotoxicity, and the expression of chondrogenic markers using gene expression, histology, and immunohistochemical tests. We highlighted a shear-thinning behavior of both hydrogels, which showed good injectability. We demonstrated a good morphology and high viability of hASCs in both hydrogels. VG-RGD 1:2 hydrogels were the most effective, both at the gene and protein levels, to support the expression of the typical chondrogenic markers, including collagen type 2, SOX9, aggrecan, glycosaminoglycan, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and to decrease the proliferation marker MKI67 and the fibrotic marker collagen type 1. This study demonstrated that both hydrogels, at different concentrations, and the presence of RGD motifs, significantly contributed to the chondrogenic commitment of the laden hASCs.
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Highly Porous Type II Collagen-Containing Scaffolds for Enhanced Cartilage Repair with Reduced Hypertrophic Cartilage Formation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9060232. [PMID: 35735475 PMCID: PMC9220058 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9060232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to regenerate damaged cartilage capable of long-term performance in an active joint remains an unmet clinical challenge in regenerative medicine. Biomimetic scaffold biomaterials have shown some potential to direct effective cartilage-like formation and repair, albeit with limited clinical translation. In this context, type II collagen (CII)-containing scaffolds have been recently developed by our research group and have demonstrated significant chondrogenic capacity using murine cells. However, the ability of these CII-containing scaffolds to support improved longer-lasting cartilage repair with reduced calcified cartilage formation still needs to be assessed in order to elucidate their potential therapeutic benefit to patients. To this end, CII-containing scaffolds in presence or absence of hyaluronic acid (HyA) within a type I collagen (CI) network were manufactured and cultured with human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro under chondrogenic conditions for 28 days. Consistent with our previous study in rat cells, the results revealed enhanced cartilage-like formation in the biomimetic scaffolds. In addition, while the variable chondrogenic abilities of human MSCs isolated from different donors were highlighted, protein expression analysis illustrated consistent responses in terms of the deposition of key cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Specifically, CI/II-HyA scaffolds directed the greatest cell-mediated synthesis and accumulation in the matrices of type II collagen (a principal cartilage ECM component), and reduced deposition of type X collagen (a key protein associated with hypertrophic cartilage formation). Taken together, these results provide further evidence of the capability of these CI/II-HyA scaffolds to direct enhanced and longer-lasting cartilage repair in patients with reduced hypertrophic cartilage formation.
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Fan X, Wu X, Trevisan Franca De Lima L, Stehbens S, Punyadeera C, Webb R, Hamilton B, Ayyapann V, McLauchlan C, Crawford R, Zheng M, Xiao Y, Prasadam I. The deterioration of calcified cartilage integrity reflects the severity of osteoarthritis-A structural, molecular, and biochemical analysis. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22142. [PMID: 35032407 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101449r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The calcified cartilage zone (CCZ) is a thin interlayer between the hyaline articular cartilage and the subchondral bone and plays an important role in maintaining the joint homeostasis by providing biological and mechanical support from unmineralized cartilage to the underlying mineralized subchondral bone. The hallmark of CCZ characteristics in osteoarthritis (OA) is less well known. The aim of our study is to evaluate the structural, molecular, and biochemical composition of CCZ in tissues affected by primary knee OA and its relationship with disease severity. We collected osteochondral tissue samples stratified according to disease severity, from 16 knee OA patients who underwent knee replacement surgery. We also used meniscectomy-induced rat samples to confirm the pathophysiologic changes of human samples. We defined the characteristics of the calcified cartilage layer using a combination of morphological, biochemical, proteomic analyses on laser micro-dissected tissue. Our results demonstrated that the Calcium/Phosphate ratio is unchanged during the OA progression, but the calcium-binding protein and cadherin binding protein, as well as carbohydrate metabolism-related proteins, undergo significant changes. These changes were further accompanied by thinning of the CCZ, loss of collagen and proteoglycan content, the occurrence of the endochondral ossification, neovasculature, loss of the elastic module, loss of the collagen direction, and increase of the tortuosity indicating an altered structural and mechanical properties of the CCZ in OA. In conclusion, our results suggest that the calcified cartilage changes can reflect the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Fan
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Samantha Stehbens
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard Webb
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brett Hamilton
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vijay Ayyapann
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Connor McLauchlan
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ross Crawford
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Minghao Zheng
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yin Xiao
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Indira Prasadam
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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7
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Yu L, Lin YL, Yan M, Li T, Wu EY, Zimmel K, Qureshi O, Falck A, Sherman KM, Huggins SS, Hurtado DO, Suva LJ, Gaddy D, Cai J, Brunauer R, Dawson LA, Muneoka K. Hyaline cartilage differentiation of fibroblasts in regeneration and regenerative medicine. Development 2022; 149:274141. [PMID: 35005773 PMCID: PMC8917415 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Amputation injuries in mammals are typically non-regenerative; however, joint regeneration is stimulated by BMP9 treatment, indicating the presence of latent articular chondrocyte progenitor cells. BMP9 induces a battery of chondrogenic genes in vivo, and a similar response is observed in cultures of amputation wound cells. Extended cultures of BMP9-treated cells results in differentiation of hyaline cartilage, and single cell RNAseq analysis identified wound fibroblasts as BMP9 responsive. This culture model was used to identify a BMP9-responsive adult fibroblast cell line and a culture strategy was developed to engineer hyaline cartilage for engraftment into an acutely damaged joint. Transplanted hyaline cartilage survived engraftment and maintained a hyaline cartilage phenotype, but did not form mature articular cartilage. In addition, individual hypertrophic chondrocytes were identified in some samples, indicating that the acute joint injury site can promote osteogenic progression of engrafted hyaline cartilage. The findings identify fibroblasts as a cell source for engineering articular cartilage and establish a novel experimental strategy that bridges the gap between regeneration biology and regenerative medicine. Summary:In vivo articular cartilage regeneration serves as a model to develop novel approaches for engineering cartilage to repair damaged joints and identifies fibroblasts as a BMP9-inducible chondroprogenitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yu-Lieh Lin
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mingquan Yan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Emily Y. Wu
- Dewpoint Therapeutics, 6 Tide Street, Suite 300, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Katherine Zimmel
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Osama Qureshi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Alyssa Falck
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Kirby M. Sherman
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shannon S. Huggins
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Daniel Osorio Hurtado
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Larry J. Suva
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Dana Gaddy
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - James Cai
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Regina Brunauer
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Lindsay A. Dawson
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ken Muneoka
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Intini C, Lemoine M, Hodgkinson T, Casey S, Gleeson JP, O'Brien FJ. A highly porous type II collagen containing scaffold for the treatment of cartilage defects enhances MSC chondrogenesis and early cartilaginous matrix deposition. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:970-983. [DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01417j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The combination of type II collagen (CII) and hyaluronic acid (HyA) resulted in the development of a CII-containing scaffold with improved chondrogenic benefits for simple and effective “off-the-shelf” application for enhanced cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Intini
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
| | - Mark Lemoine
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
| | - Tom Hodgkinson
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
| | - Sarah Casey
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
| | - John P. Gleeson
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Fraunhofer Project Centre for Embedded Bioanalytical Systems, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Fergal J. O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2, Ireland
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Mechanical Cues: Bidirectional Reciprocity in the Extracellular Matrix Drives Mechano-Signalling in Articular Cartilage. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413595. [PMID: 34948394 PMCID: PMC8707858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition and organisation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly the pericellular matrix (PCM), in articular cartilage is critical to its biomechanical functionality; the presence of proteoglycans such as aggrecan, entrapped within a type II collagen fibrillar network, confers mechanical resilience underweight-bearing. Furthermore, components of the PCM including type VI collagen, perlecan, small leucine-rich proteoglycans—decorin and biglycan—and fibronectin facilitate the transduction of both biomechanical and biochemical signals to the residing chondrocytes, thereby regulating the process of mechanotransduction in cartilage. In this review, we summarise the literature reporting on the bidirectional reciprocity of the ECM in chondrocyte mechano-signalling and articular cartilage homeostasis. Specifically, we discuss studies that have characterised the response of articular cartilage to mechanical perturbations in the local tissue environment and how the magnitude or type of loading applied elicits cellular behaviours to effect change. In vivo, including transgenic approaches, and in vitro studies have illustrated how physiological loading maintains a homeostatic balance of anabolic and catabolic activities, involving the direct engagement of many PCM molecules in orchestrating this slow but consistent turnover of the cartilage matrix. Furthermore, we document studies characterising how abnormal, non-physiological loading including excessive loading or joint trauma negatively impacts matrix molecule biosynthesis and/or organisation, affecting PCM mechanical properties and reducing the tissue’s ability to withstand load. We present compelling evidence showing that reciprocal engagement of the cells with this altered ECM environment can thus impact tissue homeostasis and, if sustained, can result in cartilage degradation and onset of osteoarthritis pathology. Enhanced dysregulation of PCM/ECM turnover is partially driven by mechanically mediated proteolytic degradation of cartilage ECM components. This generates bioactive breakdown fragments such as fibronectin, biglycan and lumican fragments, which can subsequently activate or inhibit additional signalling pathways including those involved in inflammation. Finally, we discuss how bidirectionality within the ECM is critically important in enabling the chondrocytes to synthesise and release PCM/ECM molecules, growth factors, pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteolytic enzymes, under a specified load, to influence PCM/ECM composition and mechanical properties in cartilage health and disease.
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10
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Mantripragada V, Gao W, Piuzzi N, Hoemann C, Muschler G, Midura R. Comparative Assessment of Primary Osteoarthritis Progression Using Conventional Histopathology, Polarized Light Microscopy, and Immunohistochemistry. Cartilage 2021; 13:1494S-1510S. [PMID: 32659115 PMCID: PMC8808935 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520938455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of collagen orientation and arrangement in articular cartilage can improve our understanding of primary osteoarthritis (OA) progression and targeted therapies. Our goal was to determine if polarized light microscopy (PLM) for collagen organization is useful in identifying early primary OA features in comparison to current standard histopathological methods. DESIGN Osteochondral specimens from 90 total knee arthroplasty patients with relatively preserved lateral femoral condyle were scored using (1) histological-histochemical grading system (HHGS); (2) Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI); (3) PLM-Changoor system for repair cartilage, scores ranging between 0 (totally disorganized cartilage) and 5 (healthy adult cartilage); and (4) new PLM system for primary OA cartilage with superficial zone PLM (PLM-SZ) and deep zone PLM (PLM-DZ) scores, each ranging between 0 (healthy adult SZ and DZ collagen organization) and 4 (total loss of collagen organization). Serial sections were stained for collagen I and II antibodies. Spearman correlation coefficients (rs) were determined. RESULTS The associations between: (1) PLM-Changoor and HHGS or OARSI were weak (rs = -0.36) or moderate (rs = -0.56); (2) PLM-SZ and HHGS or OARSI were moderate (rs = 0.46 or rs = 0.53); and (3) PLM-DZ and HHGS or OARSI were poor (rs = 0.31 or rs = 0.21), respectively. Specimens exhibiting early and mild OA (HHGS < 5 and OARSI < 8.6) had PLM-SZ and PLM-DZ scores between 0 and 4 and between 0 and 3, respectively, and indicated new histopathological features not currently considered by HHGS/OARSI. CONCLUSIONS PLM was effective at identifying early SZ and DZ collagen alterations that were not evident in the traditional scoring systems. Incorporating PLM scores and/or additional HHGS/OARSI features can help improve characterization of early primary OA cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- V.P. Mantripragada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA,V.P. Mantripragada, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH
44195, USA.
| | - W. Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - N.S. Piuzzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C.D. Hoemann
- Department of Bioengineering, George
Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - G.F. Muschler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - R.J. Midura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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11
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Nakagawa H, Kuroda J, Aramaki T, Kondo S. Mechanical role of actinotrichia in shaping the caudal fin of zebrafish. Dev Biol 2021; 481:52-63. [PMID: 34537221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spear-like collagen complexes, known as actinotrichia, underlie the epidermal cell layer in the tip of teleost fins and are known to contribute toward fin formation; however, their specific role remains largely unclear. In this study, we investigated of actinotrichia in the role of caudal fin formation by generating collagen9a1c (col9a1c)-knockout zebrafish. Although actinotrichia were initially produced normally and aligned correctly in the knockout fish, the number of actinotrichia decreased as the fish grew and their alignment became disordered. Simultaneously, the fin tip gradually shortened in the dorsal-ventral direction and the entire fin became oval-shaped, while the fin-rays rarely bifurcated and instead underwent fusion, suggesting that actinotrichia are essential for spreading fins dorsoventrally. Furthermore, the epithelial cells that are usually thinly spread in normal fish became spherical in the knockout fish, reducing the area covered by each cell and thus the area of the fin tip. Together, these findings suggest that the tight alignment of actinotrichia provides physical support in the dorsal-ventral direction that allows caudal fins to expand in a triangular-shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hibiki Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Junpei Kuroda
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Aramaki
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kondo
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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12
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Zhang M, Wang M, Wang H, Zhang Y, Li Z, Feng Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liao Y, Wang W, Fang Q, Chen J. Decreased Expression of Heat Shock Protein 47 Is Associated with T-2 Toxin and Low Selenium-Induced Matrix Degradation in Cartilages of Kashin-Beck Disease. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:944-954. [PMID: 32591934 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests a role of type II collagen in Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) degeneration. We aimed to assess the abnormal expression of heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) which is associated with a decrease in type II collagen and an increase in cartilage degradation in KBD. Hand phalange cartilages were collected from KBD and healthy children. Rats were administered with T-2 toxin under the selenium (Se)-deficient diet. ATDC5 cells were seeded on bone matrix gelatin to construct engineered cartilaginous tissue. C28/I2 and ATDC5 cells and engineered tissue were exposed to different concentrations of T-2 toxin with or without Se. Cartilage degeneration was determined through histological evaluation. The distribution and expression of type II collagen and HSP47 were investigated through immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and real-time PCR. KBD cartilages showed increased chondronecrosis and extracellular matrix degradation in deep zone with decreased type II collagen and HSP47 expression. The low-Se + T-2 toxin animal group showed a significantly lower type II collagen expression along with decreased HSP47 expression. Decreased type II collagen and HSP47 in C28/I2 and ATDC5 cells induced by T-2 toxin showed a dose-dependent manner. Hyaline-like cartilage with zonal layers was developed in engineered cartilaginous tissues, with decreased type II collagen and HSP47 expression found in T-2 toxin-treated group. Se-supplementation partially antagonized the inhibitory effects of T-2 toxin in chondrocytes and cartilages. HSP47 plays a role in the degenerative changes of KBD and associated with T-2 toxin-induced decreased type II collagen expression, further promoting matrix degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengying Wang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengzheng Li
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiping Feng
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinan Liu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yucheng Liao
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Fang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinghong Chen
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in National Health Commission of PR of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
- The Institute of Endemic Diseases, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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13
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Zhu C, Wu W, Qu X. Mesenchymal stem cells in osteoarthritis therapy: a review. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:448-461. [PMID: 33594303 PMCID: PMC7868850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease that generally occurs worldwide with pain and disability. The progression is slow, and it is mostly diagnosed midlife and often disturbs the knees, hips, feet, hands, and spine. Sex, age, obesity, occupation, and hereditary factors are risk factors that increase the opportunity for OA. Physical examinations involving X-rays and MRI, joint fluid analysis and blood tests are common tools for the diagnosis of OA. Interventions including exercise, manual therapy, lifestyle modification, and medication can help relieve pain and maintain mobility in the affected joints, yet none of the therapies enables the promotion of regeneration of degenerated tissues. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising source for the treatment of OA due to their multipotency for differentiation into chondrocytes and their ability to modulate the immune system. Herein, we review the pathogenesis and treatment of OA and address the current status of MSCs as a novel potential therapeutic agent in OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongtao Zhu
- Laser Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyNo. 157 Jinbi Road, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural UniversityNo. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaowen Qu
- Laser Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyNo. 157 Jinbi Road, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
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14
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Yang G, Sun S, Wang J, Li W, Wang X, Yuan L, Li S. S-Allylmercaptocysteine Targets Nrf2 in Osteoarthritis Treatment Through NOX4/NF-κB Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4533-4546. [PMID: 33149551 PMCID: PMC7604485 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s258973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to explore the potential role and mechanism of garlic-derived S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC), the major water-soluble fraction of garlic, in osteoarthritis (OA) both in vivo and in vitro. Methods The effect of SAMC in a surgical-induced OA model was examined by X-ray, staining, ELISA, and immunoblotting. Then the key role of Nrf2 by SAMC treatment in IL-1β stimulated chondrocytes in vitro was determined by gene-knockdown technique. Results SAMC could stabilize the extracellular matrix (ECM) by decreasing metalloproteinase (MMPs) expression to suppress type II collagen degradation in OA rats. The inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, were elevated in OA, which could be down-regulated by SAMC treatment. This effect was parallel with NF-κB signaling inhibition by SAMC. As oxidative stress has been shown to participate in the inflammatory pathways in OA conditions, the key regulator Nrf2 in redox-homeostasis was evaluated in SAMC-treated OA rats. Nrf2 and its down-stream gene NQO-1 were activated in the SAMC-treated group, accompanied by NAD(P)H oxidases 4 (NOX4) expression down-regulated. As a result, the toxic lipid peroxidation byproduct 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) was reduced in articular cartilage. In IL-1β-stimulated primary rat chondrocytes, which could mimic OA in vitro, SAMC could ameliorate collagen destruction, inhibit inflammation, and maintain redox-homeostasis. Interestingly, after Nrf2 gene knockdown by adenovirus, the protective effect of SAMC in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes disappeared. Conclusion Overall, our study demonstrated that SAMC targeted Nrf2 to protect OA both in vivo and in vitro, which would be a new pharmaceutical way for OA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shui Sun
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianquan Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Siying Li
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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15
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Firner S, Zaucke F, Heilig J, de Marées M, Willwacher S, Brüggemann GP, Niehoff A. Impact of knee joint loading on fragmentation of serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1710-1718. [PMID: 31944379 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of mechanical knee joint loading on the fragmentation pattern of serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). Ten healthy men ran with knee orthoses that were passive or active (+30.9 N·m external flexion moments) on a treadmill (30 minute; v = 2.2 m/s). Lower-limb mechanics, serum COMP levels, and fragmentation patterns (baseline; 0, 0.5, 1, 2 hours postrunning) were analyzed. Running with active orthoses enhanced knee flexion moments, ankle dorsiflexion, and knee flexion angles (P < .05). There was an increase in serum COMP (+25%; pre: 8.9 ± 2.4 U/l; post: 10.7 ± 1.9 U/l, P = .001), COMP pentamer/tetramer (+88%; 1.88 ± 0.81, P = .007), trimer (+209%; 3.09 ± 2.65, P = .005), and monomer (+78%; 1.78 ± 0.85, P = .007) after running with passive orthoses and in serum COMP (+41%; pre: 8.5 ± 2.7 U/l; post: 11.3 ± 2.1 U/l, P < .001), COMP pentamer/tetramer (+57%; 1.57 ± 0.39, P = .007), trimer (+86%; 1.86 ± 0.47, P = .005), and monomer (+19%; 1.19 ± 0.34, P = .114) after running with active orthoses. Increased fragmentation might indicate COMP release from cartilage while running. Interestingly, 0.5 h up to 2 hours after running with passive orthoses, trimer (0.5 hour: 2.73 ± 3.40, P = .029; 2 hours: 2.33 ± 2.88, P = .037), and monomer (0.5 hour: 2.23 ± 2.33, P = .007; 1 hour: 2.55 ± 1.96, P = .012; 2 hours: 2.65 ± 2.50, P = .009) increased while after running with active orthoses, pentamer/tetramer (1 hour: 0.79 ± 0.28, P = .029), and trimer (1 hour: 0.63 ± 0.14, P = .005; 2 hours: 0.68 ± 0.34, P = .047) decreased. It seems that COMP degradation and clearance vary depending on joint loading characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Firner
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Juliane Heilig
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus de Marées
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Faculty of Sport Science, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Steffen Willwacher
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gert-Peter Brüggemann
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Niehoff
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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16
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Grevenstein D, Heilig J, Dargel J, Oppermann J, Eysel P, Brochhausen C, Niehoff A. COMP in the Infrapatellar Fat Pad-Results of a Prospective Histological, Immunohistological, and Biochemical Case-Control Study. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:747-758. [PMID: 31696983 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) involves several structures and molecules in the joint, which interact in a pathophysiological process. One of these molecules is the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). Elevated COMP levels in the synovial fluid as well as in the serum have been described in OA patients. However, this has not been described in the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) tissue before. In this prospective trial, we collected 14 IPFPs from patients with high-grade OA (mean age 63.8 ± 17.6 years) who underwent total knee replacement (OA group) and from 11 healthy patients (mean age 33.7 ± 14.8 years) who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (control group). The presence of macrophages (CD68 and CD206) and proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β [IL-1β] and IL-6) was analyzed. Histological and immunohistological examinations as well as immunoblotting analysis for COMP, leptin, and matrix-metalloproteinase-3 were performed. The IPFPs of both the OA and control group consisted of adipose tissue and fibrous tissue, and the fibrous tissue showed higher score values than the adipose tissue for COMP staining (intensity as well as stained area) in both groups. Although COMP could be detected in most samples, leptin expression was found only in single specimens. COMP could be detected mostly in the fibrous tissue portion of the IPFP. We speculate that it is involved in a remodeling process taking place in the IPFP during OA. Presence of leptin was irregular in immunohistology, and the control group showed higher scores in case of presence. Interestingly, immunoblotting could detect leptin in all analyzed samples. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society J Orthop Res 38:747-758, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Grevenstein
- Department for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Juliane Heilig
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Dargel
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Departement for Orthopedic Surgery, St. Josefs-Hospital, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Johannes Oppermann
- Department for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peer Eysel
- Department for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Anja Niehoff
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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17
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Vasilceac FA, Marqueti RDC, Neto IVDS, Nascimento DDC, Souza MCD, Durigan JLQ, Mattiello SM. Resistance training decreases matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity in quadriceps tendon in a rat model of osteoarthritis. Braz J Phys Ther 2020; 25:147-155. [PMID: 32276877 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that induces peri-articular tissue degradation. OA induces an imbalance between synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix components in favor of catabolic events, promoting pathological remodeling and involving degradative enzymes, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects of 8-weeks resistance training (RT) on MMP-2 activity in the quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon in an OA model. METHODS Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: Control, Exercise, Sham, Sham with Exercise, OA, and OA with Exercise (OAE). The OA model was performed by anterior cruciate ligament transection surgery on the left knee. The 8-week RT consisted of climbing a 1.1-m vertical ladder three times per week with progressive weights secured to the animals' tails. MMP-2 activity was analyzed by zymography. RESULTS The OAE group displayed lower pro, intermediate, and active MMP-2 activity in the quadriceps tendon compared with the OA group (p<0.05). For the patellar tendon, there was no significant difference between the OAE group compared with the other groups (p>0.05) for pro, intermediate, and active MMP-2 activity. Moreover, MMP-2 activity differed between tissues, the OA and OAE groups presented lower pro, intermediate, and active MMP-2 activity in the quadriceps tendon compared to the patellar tendon. CONCLUSION RT induced down-regulated MMP-2 activity in the quadriceps tendon. RT is a potential therapeutic approach to minimize the deleterious effects of extracellular matrix degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Augusto Vasilceac
- Graduate Program of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Marqueti
- Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
| | - Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto
- Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Dahan da Cunha Nascimento
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Centro Universitário do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Mariana Carvalho de Souza
- Graduate Program of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Quaglioti Durigan
- Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Stela Márcia Mattiello
- Graduate Program of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Sebag J. Vitreous and Vision Degrading Myodesopsia. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 79:100847. [PMID: 32151758 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Macromolecules comprise only 2% of vitreous, yet are responsible for its gel state, transparency, and physiologic function(s) within the eye. Myopia and aging alter collagen and hyaluronan association causing concurrent gel liquefaction and fibrous degeneration. The resulting vitreous opacities and collapse of the vitreous body during posterior vitreous detachment are the most common causes for the visual phenomenon of vitreous floaters. Previously considered innocuous, the vitreous opacities that cause floaters sometimes impact vision by profoundly degrading contrast sensitivity function and impairing quality-of-life. While many people adapt to vitreous floaters, clinically significant cases can be diagnosed with Vision Degrading Myodesopsia based upon echographic assessment of vitreous structure and by measuring contrast sensitivity function. Perhaps due to the ubiquity of floaters, the medical profession has to date largely ignored the plight of those with Vision Degrading Myodesopsia. Improved diagnostics will enable better disease staging and more accurate identification of severe cases that merit therapy. YAG laser treatments may occasionally be slightly effective, but vitrectomy is currently the definitive cure. Future developments will usher in more informative diagnostic approaches as well as safer and more effective therapeutic strategies. Improved laser treatments, new pharmacotherapies, and possibly non-invasive optical corrections are exciting new approaches to pursue. Ultimately, enhanced understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of Vision Degrading Myodesopsia should result in prevention, the ultimate goal of modern Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sebag
- VMR Institute for Vitreous Macula Retina, Huntington Beach, CA, USA; Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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19
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Li P, Fleischhauer L, Nicolae C, Prein C, Farkas Z, Saller MM, Prall WC, Wagener R, Heilig J, Niehoff A, Clausen-Schaumann H, Alberton P, Aszodi A. Mice Lacking the Matrilin Family of Extracellular Matrix Proteins Develop Mild Skeletal Abnormalities and Are Susceptible to Age-Associated Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020666. [PMID: 31963938 PMCID: PMC7013758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrilins (MATN1, MATN2, MATN3 and MATN4) are adaptor proteins of the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), which bridge the collagen II and proteoglycan networks. In humans, dominant-negative mutations in MATN3 lead to various forms of mild chondrodysplasias. However, single or double matrilin knockout mice generated previously in our laboratory do not show an overt skeletal phenotype, suggesting compensation among the matrilin family members. The aim of our study was to establish a mouse line, which lacks all four matrilins and analyze the consequence of matrilin deficiency on endochondral bone formation and cartilage function. Matn1-4−/− mice were viable and fertile, and showed a lumbosacral transition phenotype characterized by the sacralization of the sixth lumbar vertebra. The development of the appendicular skeleton, the structure of the growth plate, chondrocyte differentiation, proliferation, and survival were normal in mutant mice. Biochemical analysis of knee cartilage demonstrated moderate alterations in the extractability of the binding partners of matrilins in Matn1-4−/− mice. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed comparable compressive stiffness but higher collagen fiber diameters in the growth plate cartilage of quadruple mutant compared to wild-type mice. Importantly, Matn1-4−/− mice developed more severe spontaneous osteoarthritis at the age of 18 months, which was accompanied by changes in the biomechanical properties of the articular cartilage. Interestingly, Matn4−/− mice also developed age-associated osteoarthritis suggesting a crucial role of MATN4 in maintaining the stability of the articular cartilage. Collectively, our data provide evidence that matrilins are important to protect articular cartilage from deterioration and are involved in the specification of the vertebral column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Lutz Fleischhauer
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
- Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Nicolae
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany;
| | - Carina Prein
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
| | - Zsuzsanna Farkas
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Maximilian Michael Saller
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Wolf Christian Prall
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany;
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Juliane Heilig
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Anja Niehoff
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hauke Clausen-Schaumann
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
- Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Paolo Alberton
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Attila Aszodi
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4400-55481
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Serum Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein in Late-Stage Osteoarthritis: Association with Clinical Features, Renal Function, and Cardiovascular Biomarkers. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9010268. [PMID: 31963737 PMCID: PMC7019234 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess associations between serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP) and phenotypic characteristics in late-stage hip and knee Osteoarthritis (OA) as well as its correlation with further serum markers of possible comorbidities in the Ulm Osteoarthritis Study. Moreover, the prognostic relevance of preoperative sCOMP concentrations for short-term functionality and pain outcomes after hip or knee joint replacement was explored. Preoperative serum samples and detailed information about the health status (i.e., WOMAC scores, Hannover Functionality Status (FFbH)) of 754 OA patients undergoing total joint replacement were included. Spearman rank-correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the relationships between sCOMP, other serum markers, and health outcomes. There was a significant positive association between sCOMP and markers of renal (cystatin C, creatinine, and eGFR) and cardiac (e.g., NT-proBNP) impairment. Since renal failure might cause accumulation of sCOMP, additional adjustment with eGFR was performed. Preoperative sCOMP levels in knee OA but not hip OA patients were positively associated with FFbH, WOMAC function sub-scale and total WOMAC scale as well as the post-operative WOMAC stiffness sub-scale six months after surgery. Our data clearly demonstrate an association between sCOMP and renal function as well as other confounding factors, which should be considered in future biomarker studies.
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