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Gurbanov AV, Andrade MA, Martins LMDRS, Mahmudov KT, Pombeiro AJL. Water-soluble Al( iii), Fe( iii) and Cu( ii) formazanates: synthesis, structure, and applications in alkane and alcohol oxidations. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06211e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, structure and catalytic performance of water-soluble Al(iii), Fe(iii) and Cu(ii) formazanates in the oxidation of cyclohexane and cyclohexanol to the coresponding organic products are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atash V. Gurbanov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, Baku State University, Z. Xalilov Str. 23, Az 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Marta A. Andrade
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luísa M. D. R. S. Martins
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Kamran T. Mahmudov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, Baku State University, Z. Xalilov Str. 23, Az 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Armando J. L. Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Research Institute of Chemistry, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
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2
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Ortíz C, Moraca F, Laverriere M, Jordan A, Hamilton N, Comini MA. Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase from Trypanosomes: Selectivity for Steroids and Chemical Validation in Bloodstream Trypanosoma brucei. Molecules 2021; 26:E358. [PMID: 33445584 PMCID: PMC7826790 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) fulfills an essential role in cell physiology by catalyzing the production of NADPH+ and of a precursor for the de novo synthesis of ribose 5-phosphate. In trypanosomatids, G6PDH is essential for in vitro proliferation, antioxidant defense and, thereby, drug resistance mechanisms. So far, 16α-brominated epiandrosterone represents the most potent hit targeting trypanosomal G6PDH. Here, we extended the investigations on this important drug target and its inhibition by using a small subset of androstane derivatives. In Trypanosoma cruzi, immunofluorescence revealed a cytoplasmic distribution of G6PDH and the absence of signal in major organelles. Cytochemical assays confirmed parasitic G6PDH as the molecular target of epiandrosterone. Structure-activity analysis for a set of new (dehydro)epiandrosterone derivatives revealed that bromination at position 16α of the cyclopentane moiety yielded more potent T. cruzi G6PDH inhibitors than the corresponding β-substituted analogues. For the 16α brominated compounds, the inclusion of an acetoxy group at position 3 either proved detrimental or enhanced the activity of the epiandrosterone or the dehydroepiandrosterone derivatives, respectively. Most derivatives presented single digit μM EC50 against infective T. brucei and the killing mechanism involved an early thiol-redox unbalance. This data suggests that infective African trypanosomes lack efficient NADPH+-synthesizing pathways, beyond the Pentose Phosphate, to maintain thiol-redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ortíz
- Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
| | - Francesca Moraca
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Marc Laverriere
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomus (IIB-INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET), Av. General Paz 5445, INTI, San Martín 1650, Pcia de Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Allan Jordan
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK; (A.J.); (N.H.)
| | - Niall Hamilton
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK; (A.J.); (N.H.)
| | - Marcelo A. Comini
- Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
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3
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Kabir E, Mu G, Momtaz DA, Bryce NA, Teets TS. Formazanate Complexes of Bis-Cyclometalated Iridium. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11672-11683. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Evanta Kabir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Ge Mu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - David A. Momtaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Noah A. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Thomas S. Teets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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4
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Kabir E, Patel D, Clark K, Teets TS. Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Properties of Electronically Modified Cycloplatinated Formazanate Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:10906-10917. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evanta Kabir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Dhruti Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Kevin Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Thomas S. Teets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway. G6PD is the main source of the essential cellular reductant, NADPH. The purpose of this review is to describe the biochemistry of G6PD and NADPH, cellular factors that regulate G6PD, normal physiologic roles of G6PD, and the pathogenic role altered G6PD/NADPH plays in kidney disease. RECENT FINDINGS NADPH is required for many essential cellular processes such as the antioxidant system, nitric oxide synthase, cytochrome p450 enzymes, and NADPH oxidase. Decreased G6PD activity and, as a result, decreased NADPH level have been associated with diabetic kidney disease, altered nitric oxide production, aldosterone-mediated endothelial dysfunction, and dialysis-associated anemia. Increased G6PD activity is associated with all cancers including kidney cancer. Inherited G6PD deficiency is the most common mutation in the world that is thought to be a relatively mild disorder primarily associated with anemia. Yet, intriguing studies have shown an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus in G6PD-deficient people. It is not known if G6PD-deficient people are at more risk for other diseases. SUMMARY Much more research needs to be done to determine the role of altered G6PD activity (inherited or acquired) in the pathogenesis of kidney disease.
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Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:159-167. [PMID: 29496266 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
For many years various tetrazolium salts and their formazan products have been employed in histochemistry and for assessing cell viability. For the latter application, the most widely used are 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and 5-cyano-2,3-di-(p-tolyl)-tetrazolium chloride (CTC) for viability assays of eukaryotic cells and bacteria, respectively. In these cases, the nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide (NAD(P)H) coenzyme and dehydrogenases from metabolically active cells reduce tetrazolium salts to strongly colored and lipophilic formazan products, which are then quantified by absorbance (MTT) or fluorescence (CTC). More recently, certain sulfonated tetrazolium, which give rise to water-soluble formazans, have also proved useful for cytotoxicity assays. We describe several aspects of the application of tetrazolium salts and formazans in biomedical cell biology research, mainly regarding formazan-based colorimetric assays, cellular reduction of MTT, and localization and fluorescence of the MTT formazan in lipidic cell structures. In addition, some pharmacological and labeling perspectives of these compounds are also described.
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Miller A, Nagy C, Knapp B, Laengle J, Ponweiser E, Groeger M, Starkl P, Bergmann M, Wagner O, Haschemi A. Exploring Metabolic Configurations of Single Cells within Complex Tissue Microenvironments. Cell Metab 2017; 26:788-800.e6. [PMID: 28889950 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past years, plenty of evidence has emerged illustrating how metabolism supports many aspects of cellular function and how metabolic reprogramming can drive cell differentiation and fate. Here, we present a method to assess the metabolic configuration of single cells within their native tissue microenvironment via the visualization and quantification of multiple enzymatic activities measured at saturating substrate conditions combined with subsequent cell type identification. After careful validation of the approach and to demonstrate its potential, we assessed the intracellular metabolic configuration of different human immune cell populations in healthy and tumor colon tissue. Additionally, we analyzed the intercellular metabolic relationship between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts in a breast cancer tissue array. This study demonstrates that the determination of metabolic configurations in single cells could be a powerful complementary tool for every researcher interested to study metabolic networks in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Miller
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Csörsz Nagy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Knapp
- Department of Statistics, Protein Informatics Group, University of Oxford, OX13SY Oxford, UK
| | - Johannes Laengle
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Ponweiser
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marion Groeger
- Core Facility Imaging, Skin and Endothelium Research Division, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Starkl
- CeMM-Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine I, Laboratory of Infection Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bergmann
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Oswald Wagner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Arvand Haschemi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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8
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Koyama S, Nishi S, Tokuda M, Uemura M, Ishikawa Y, Seya T, Chow S, Ise Y, Hatada Y, Fujiwara Y, Tsubouchi T. Electrical Retrieval of Living Microorganisms from Cryopreserved Marine Sponges Using a Potential-Controlled Electrode. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 17:678-92. [PMID: 26242755 PMCID: PMC4540769 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a novel electrical retrieval method (ER method) for living sponge-associated microorganisms from marine sponges frozen at -80 °C. A -0.3-V vs. Ag/AgCl constant potential applied for 2 h at 9 °C induced the attachment of the sponge-associated microorganisms to an indium tin oxide/glass (ITO) or a gallium-doped zinc oxide/glass (GZO) working electrode. The electrically attached microorganisms from homogenized Spirastrella insignis tissues had intact cell membranes and showed intracellular dehydrogenase activity. Dead microorganisms were not attracted to the electrode when the homogenized tissues were autoclaved for 15 min at 121 °C before use. The electrically attached microorganisms included cultivable microorganisms retrieved after detachment from the electrode by application of a 9-MHz sine-wave potential. Using the ER method, we obtained 32 phyla and 72 classes of bacteria and 3 archaea of Crenarchaeota thermoprotei, Marine Group I, and Thaumarchaeota incertae sedis from marine sponges S. insignis and Callyspongia confoederata. Employment of the ER method for extraction and purification of the living microorganisms holds potential of single-cell cultivation for genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome analyses of bioactive compounds producing sponge-associated microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumihiro Koyama
- Department of Marine Biodiversity Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan,
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9
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Barbon SM, Price JT, Reinkeluers PA, Gilroy JB. Substituent-Dependent Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Triarylformazanate Boron Difluoride Complexes. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:10585-93. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5016912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department
of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials
Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond
St. N., London, Ontario Canada, N6A 5B7
| | - Jacquelyn T. Price
- Department
of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials
Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond
St. N., London, Ontario Canada, N6A 5B7
| | - Pauline A. Reinkeluers
- Department
of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials
Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond
St. N., London, Ontario Canada, N6A 5B7
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department
of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials
Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond
St. N., London, Ontario Canada, N6A 5B7
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10
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Barbon SM, Reinkeluers PA, Price JT, Staroverov VN, Gilroy JB. Structurally Tunable 3-Cyanoformazanate Boron Difluoride Dyes. Chemistry 2014; 20:11340-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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11
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Computational determination of binding structures and free energies of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase with novel steroid inhibitors. J Mol Graph Model 2014; 51:168-72. [PMID: 24929815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the first and the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), catalyzes the oxidation of G6P to 6-phosphogluconolactone and the reduction of NADP(+) to NADPH. Its key role in cancer promotes the development of a potent and selective inhibitor that might increase cancer cell death when combined with radiotherapy. In the present study, we investigated the detailed binding modes and binding free energies for G6PD interacting with a promising series of recently developed inhibitors, i.e., the steroid derivatives, by performing molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and binding free energy calculations. The docking indicates that the inhibitors occupy the binding sites of both G6P and NADP(+). The calculated binding free energies on the basis of the MD-simulated enzyme-inhibitor complexes are in good agreement with the experimental activity data for all of the examined inhibitors. The valuable insights into the detailed enzyme-inhibitor binding including the important intermolecular interactions, e.g., the hydrogen bond interaction and the hydrophobic interaction, have been provided. The computational results provide new insights into future rational design of more potent inhibitors of G6PD as a treatment for cancer.
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12
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Nettmann E, Fröhling A, Heeg K, Klocke M, Schlüter O, Mumme J. Development of a flow-fluorescence in situ hybridization protocol for the analysis of microbial communities in anaerobic fermentation liquor. BMC Microbiol 2013; 13:278. [PMID: 24304697 PMCID: PMC4235175 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-13-278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The production of bio-methane from renewable raw material is of high interest because of the increasing scarcity of fossil fuels. The process of biomethanation is based on the inter- and intraspecific metabolic activity of a highly diverse and dynamic microbial community. The community structure of the microbial biocenosis varies between different biogas reactors and the knowledge about these microbial communities is still fragmentary. However, up to now no approaches are available allowing a fast and reliable access to the microbial community structure. Hence, the aim of this study was to originate a Flow-FISH protocol, namely a combination of flow cytometry and fluorescence in situ hybridization, for the analysis of the metabolically active microorganisms in biogas reactor samples. With respect to the heterogenic texture of biogas reactor samples and to collect all cells including those of cell aggregates and biofilms the development of a preceding purification procedure was indispensable. RESULTS Six different purification procedures with in total 29 modifications were tested. The optimized purification procedure combines the use of the detergent sodium hexametaphosphate with ultrasonic treatment and a final filtration step. By this treatment, the detachment of microbial cells from particles as well as the disbandment of cell aggregates was obtained at minimized cell loss. A Flow-FISH protocol was developed avoiding dehydration and minimizing centrifugation steps. In the exemplary application of this protocol on pure cultures as well as biogas reactor samples high hybridization rates were achieved for commonly established domain specific oligonucleotide probes enabling the specific detection of metabolically active bacteria and archaea. Cross hybridization and autofluorescence effects could be excluded by the use of a nonsense probe and negative controls, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The approach described in this study enables for the first time the analysis of the metabolically active fraction of the microbial communities within biogas reactors by Flow-FISH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Nettmann
- APECS junior research group, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany.
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Koyama S, Konishi MA, Ohta Y, Miwa T, Hatada Y, Toyofuku T, Maruyama T, Nogi Y, Kato C, Tsubouchi T. Attachment and detachment of living microorganisms using a potential-controlled electrode. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2013; 15:461-75. [PMID: 23420537 PMCID: PMC3695320 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-013-9495-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We developed an electrical modulation method for attachment and detachment of microorganisms. Living microorganisms suspended in non-nutritive media such as PBS⁻ and artificial seawater were attracted by and selectively attached to indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass electrode regions to which a negative potential was applied. The microorganisms suspended in LB medium and glucose solution were not attracted to the ITO electrode. Dead microorganisms were not attracted to the ITO electrode. The living microorganisms were retrieved after detachment from the ITO electrode by application of a high-frequency triangular wave potential. When we applied this method to separate microorganisms from deep-sea sediment, bacteria belonging to 19 phyla and 23 classes were collected without undesirable high molecular weight contaminants such as humic acids. At the phylum and class level, respectively, 95 and 87 % of the phylotypes among electrically retrieved bacteria were common to the gene clones from the direct sediment DNA extraction. This technique is a novel useful method to prepare bacterial cells in a single population or a community for metagenomic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumihiro Koyama
- Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
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14
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Overexpression of G6PD is associated with poor clinical outcome in gastric cancer. Tumour Biol 2011; 33:95-101. [PMID: 22012600 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-011-0251-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the expression and significance of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in human gastric cancer progression and prognosis. Using immunohistochemistry and real-time RT-PCR assay, we identified abnormally elevated expression of G6PD in gastric cancer tissues compared to paired normal stomach mucosa tissues in 24 patients (p < 0.05). In order to investigate the correlations between G6PD and the clinicopathological features of gastric cancer, the expression of G6PD in 167 patients with gastric cancer were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the results showed that overexpression of G6PD was associated with the size of tumor (p = 0.039), depth of invasion (p = 0.039), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.044), distant metastasis (p = 0.003), TNM stage (p = 0.030), and survival rate (p = 0.010). Further, Cox multivariates analysis indicated that G6PD expression level was an independent prognostic factor for patients after radical resection (p = 0.013). In conclusion, overexpression of G6PD is closely related to progression of gastric cancer, and might be regarded as an independent predictor of poor prognosis for gastric cancer.
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15
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Li D, Zhu Y, Tang Q, Lu H, Li H, Yang Y, Li Z, Tong S. A new G6PD knockdown tumor-cell line with reduced proliferation and increased susceptibility to oxidative stress. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2009; 24:81-90. [PMID: 19243250 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2008.0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) has been implicated in the regulation of cellular antioxidative mechanisms. Tumor cells often lose the balance of oxidation and antioxidation, but the role of G6PD in such an imbalance is still largely unknown. To investigate the related function of G6PD in tumor cells, we established a stable line of A375 human melanoma cells with G6PD gene knockdown by a shRNA lentiviral cloning and expression system. The A375-G6PDDelta cells displayed the stable GFP coexpression after repeated freeze-thaw cycles and multiple passages, accompanied by an 88.83% suppression of the endogenous G6PD expression and a 78.47% decrease in G6PD activity. In comparison with the A375-WT cells, they were characterized by a reduced proliferation with the MTT proliferation assay, a 25% decrease in colony-forming efficiency, and an up to 40% increase of apoptotic rate with flow cytometry analysis. When further challenged by diamide-induced oxidative stress, these cells showed that a median lethal dose (LD(50)) of 1.2 mM decreased from that of the A375-WT cells (1.8 mM), and levels of NADPH and GSH decreased by 2.4-, 8.8-fold, respectively, with a 7.3-fold increase of H(2)O(2), as those of A375-WT cells. These results demonstrated that A375-G6PDDelta is a new, stable G6PD-deficient human tumor cell line, and that silencing G6PD expression decreased tumor-cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis. In addition, G6PD gene knockdown rendered tumor cells more susceptible to diamide-induced oxidative stress. Together, our data support the important functions of G6PD in the regulation of cell growth and antioxidative capacity of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyi Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Kunming Medical University, 191 West Renmin Road, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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16
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Fujii Y, Hiraishi A. Combined Use of Cyanoditolyl Tetrazolium Staining and Flow Cytometry for Detection of Metabolically Active Bacteria in a Fed-batch Composting Process. Microbes Environ 2009; 24:57-63. [DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me08553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Fujii
- Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Akira Hiraishi
- Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology
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17
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Azizi AA, Kang SU, Freilinger A, Gruber-Olipitz M, Chen WQ, Yang JW, Hengstschläger M, Slavc I, Lubec G. Mitosis-Dependent Protein Expression in Neuroblastoma Cell Line N1E-115. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:3412-22. [DOI: 10.1021/pr800149p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo A. Azizi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sung-Ung Kang
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Freilinger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mariella Gruber-Olipitz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wei-Qiang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jae-Won Yang
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Hengstschläger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene Slavc
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gert Lubec
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Medical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18−20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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18
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Miccheli AT, Miccheli A, Di Clemente R, Valerio M, Coluccia P, Bizzarri M, Conti F. NMR-based metabolic profiling of human hepatoma cells in relation to cell growth by culture media analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2006; 1760:1723-31. [PMID: 17052856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2006.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2006] [Revised: 09/12/2006] [Accepted: 09/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic profiling is a metabolomic approach that allows the characterization of metabolic phenotypes under specific set of conditions. In the present paper we investigated the metabolism of sparse and high density cultures in relation to different cell growth phases. Changes in the metabolome were evaluated by using 1H-NMR spectroscopy, correlation map and Multivariate Data Analysis on the net balances of metabolites in the medium. This approach allowed us to identify two different metabolic profiles in relation to the cell growth phases in subconfluence and confluence cultures. The results have been interpreted on the basis of patterns of correlations obtained in the two physiological cell states. Cells almost arrested in G0/G1 phase by contact dependent growth inhibition underwent changes in the channeling of amino acids utilization from synthetic to energetic purpose and in anaplerosis/cataplerosis regulation of the TCA cycle.
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19
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Yoshida N, Fujii Y, Hiraishi A. A Modified Cyanoditolyl Tetrazolium Reduction Method for Differential Detection of Metabolically Active Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria. Microbes Environ 2006. [DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.21.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Yoshida
- Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Yasuyuki Fujii
- Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Akira Hiraishi
- Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology
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