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Mountain RV, Zhu Y, Pickett OR, Lussier AA, Goldstein JM, Roffman JL, Bidlack FB, Dunn EC. Association of Maternal Stress and Social Support During Pregnancy With Growth Marks in Children's Primary Tooth Enamel. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2129129. [PMID: 34751761 PMCID: PMC8579236 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.29129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Exposure to maternal psychosocial stressors during the prenatal and perinatal periods can have major long-term mental health consequences for children. However, valid and inexpensive biomarkers are currently unavailable to identify children who have been exposed to psychosocial stress and the buffers of stress exposure. OBJECTIVE To assess whether a growth mark in tooth enamel, the neonatal line, is associated with exposure to prenatal and perinatal maternal psychosocial factors. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective cohort study used exfoliated primary canine teeth and epidemiological survey data from 70 children enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a birth cohort based in Bristol, England. Exfoliated teeth were collected from children at 5 to 7 years of age. Data were collected from January 1, 1991, to December 31, 1998, and were analyzed from January 1, 2019, to August 10, 2021. EXPOSURES Four types of prenatal and perinatal maternal psychosocial factors were studied: stressful life events, psychopathological history, neighborhood disadvantage, and social support. Data were collected from mailed-in questionnaires completed during and shortly after pregnancy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Neonatal line width measured within 3 portions of the tooth crown (the cuspal, middle, and innermost third) in exfoliated primary canines. RESULTS A total of 70 children (34 of 70 [48.7%] male; 63 of 67 [94.0%] White) were studied. Most children were born full term (57 [83.8%]) and to mothers of typical child-bearing age (60 [88.2%]). Neonatal lines were wider in the canines of children born to mothers who self-reported severe lifetime depression (β = 3.35; 95% CI, 1.48-5.23; P = .001), any lifetime psychiatric problems (β = 2.66; 95% CI, 0.92-4.41; P = .003), or elevated anxiety or depressive symptoms at 32 weeks' gestation (β = 2.29; 95% CI, 0.38-4.20; P = .02). By contrast, neonatal lines were narrower in children born to mothers who self-reported high social support shortly after birth (β = -2.04; 95% CI, -3.70 to -0.38; P = .02). The magnitude of these associations was large, up to 1.2 SD unit differences, and persisted after adjusting for other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study, neonatal line width was associated with exposure to maternal perinatal psychosocial factors. Replication and validation of these findings can further evaluate teeth as possible new biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca V. Mountain
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Yiwen Zhu
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Olivia R. Pickett
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Alexandre A. Lussier
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Jill M. Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Innovation Center on Sex Differences in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Joshua L. Roffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Felicitas B. Bidlack
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erin C. Dunn
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
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The Role of GH/IGF Axis in Dento-Alveolar Complex from Development to Aging and Therapeutics: A Narrative Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051181. [PMID: 34066078 PMCID: PMC8150312 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The GH/IGF axis is a major regulator of bone formation and resorption and is essential to the achievement of normal skeleton growth and homeostasis. Beyond its key role in bone physiology, the GH/IGF axis has also major pleiotropic endocrine and autocrine/paracrine effects on mineralized tissues throughout life. This article aims to review the literature on GH, IGFs, IGF binding proteins, and their respective receptors in dental tissues, both epithelium (enamel) and mesenchyme (dentin, pulp, and tooth-supporting periodontium). The present review re-examines and refines the expression of the elements of the GH/IGF axis in oral tissues and their in vivo and in vitro mechanisms of action in different mineralizing cell types of the dento-alveolar complex including ameloblasts, odontoblasts, pulp cells, cementoblasts, periodontal ligament cells, and jaw osteoblasts focusing on cell-specific activities. Together, these data emphasize the determinant role of the GH/IGF axis in physiological and pathological development, morphometry, and aging of the teeth, the periodontium, and oral bones in humans, rodents, and other vertebrates. These advancements in oral biology have elicited an enormous interest among investigators to translate the fundamental discoveries on the GH/IGF axis into innovative strategies for targeted oral tissue therapies with local treatments, associated or not with materials, for orthodontics and the repair and regeneration of the dento-alveolar complex and oral bones.
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Regulation of IGF-I by IGFBP3 and IGFBP5 during odontoblast differentiation in mice. J Oral Biosci 2019; 61:157-162. [PMID: 31400542 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although intracellular signaling pathways of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) related to the proliferation of dental pulp cells have been investigated, the switching mechanism from cell proliferation to differentiation during odontogenesis remains elusive. This study aimed to elucidate the role of IGF binding protein (IGFBP) 3 and 5 in regulation of IGF-I during odontoblast differentiation in mouse incisors. METHODS The detailed expression patterns of IGF-I, IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR), IGFBP3, and IGFBP5 together with that of an odontoblast differentiation marker, nestin, were examined by immunohistochemistry and/or in situ hybridization using paraffinized sections of TetOP-H2B-GFP mouse incisors at postnatal 4 weeks. RESULTS Undifferentiated dental papilla cells and preodontoblasts (preOB) showed intense IGF-I- and IGF-IRα-positive reactions, and the expression was observed in differentiated odontoblasts, such as immature odontoblasts (iOB) and mature odontoblasts (mOB). IGFBP3/Igfbp3 was transiently expressed in preOB and early iOB, and the intensity of expression gradually reduced with the progression of odontoblast differentiation. In contrast, immunohistochemical analysis for IGFBP5 identified a positive reaction in the undifferentiated dental papilla cells and differentiated odontoblasts, and the expression of Igfbp5 was reduced in the differentiated odontoblasts. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated the expression patterns of IGF-I, IGF-IR, IGFBP3, and IGFBP5 during odontoblast differentiation in mouse incisors. These results suggested that IGFBP3 regulates the transition from the proliferative to differentiation stage by inhibiting the action of IGF-I on the proliferation of dental papilla cells, and that IGFBP5 plays an important role in the maintenance of the differentiated odontoblasts during tooth development.
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Temple DH. Bioarchaeological evidence for adaptive plasticity and constraint: Exploring life‐history trade‐offs in the human past. Evol Anthropol 2018; 28:34-46. [DOI: 10.1002/evan.21754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H. Temple
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology George Mason University Fairfax Virginia
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Bronckers ALJJ, Jalali R, Lytton J. Reduced Protein Expression of the Na +/Ca 2++K +-Exchanger (SLC24A4) in Apical Plasma Membranes of Maturation Ameloblasts of Fluorotic Mice. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 100:80-86. [PMID: 27752731 PMCID: PMC5215084 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-016-0197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of forming enamel to fluoride results into formation of hypomineralized enamel. We tested whether enamel hypomineralization was caused by lower expression of the NCKX4/SLC24A4 Ca2+-transporter by ameloblasts. Three commercial antibodies against NCKX4 were tested on enamel organs of wild-type and Nckx4-null mice, one of which (a mouse monoclonal) was specific. This antibody gave a prominent staining of the apical plasma membranes of maturation ameloblasts, starting at early maturation. The layer of immuno-positive ameloblasts contained narrow gaps without immunostaining or with reduced staining. In fluorotic mouse incisors, the quantity of NCKX4 protein in ameloblasts as assessed by western blotting was not different from that in non-fluorotic ameloblasts. However, immunostaining of the apical plasma membranes of fluorotic ameloblasts was strongly reduced or absent suggesting that trafficking of NCKX4 to the apical membrane was strongly reduced. Exposure to fluoride may reduce NCKX4-mediated transport of Ca2+ by maturation stage ameloblasts which delays ameloblast modulation and reduces enamel mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L J J Bronckers
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - R Jalali
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Lytton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
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Abstract
Hypomineralization of developing enamel is associated with changes in ameloblast modulation during the maturation stage. Modulation (or pH cycling) involves the cyclic transformation of ruffle-ended (RE) ameloblasts facing slightly acidic enamel into smooth-ended (SE) ameloblasts near pH-neutral enamel. The mechanism of ameloblast modulation is not clear. Failure of ameloblasts of Cftr-null and anion exchanger 2 ( Ae2)-null mice to transport Cl- into enamel acidifies enamel, prevents modulation, and reduces mineralization. It suggests that pH regulation is critical for modulation and for completion of enamel mineralization. This report presents a review of the major types of transmembrane molecules that ameloblasts express to transport calcium to form crystals and bicarbonates to regulate pH. The type of transporter depends on the developmental stage. Modulation is proposed to be driven by the pH of enamel fluid and the compositional and/or physicochemical changes that result from increased acidity, which may turn RE ameloblasts into SE mode. Amelogenins delay outgrowth of crystals and keep the intercrystalline space open for diffusion of mineral ions into complete depth of enamel. Modulation enables stepwise removal of amelogenins from the crystal surface, their degradation, and removal from the enamel. Removal of matrix allows slow expansion of crystals. Modulation also reduces the stress that ameloblasts experience when exposed to high acid levels generated by mineral formation or by increased intracellular Ca2+. By cyclically interrupting Ca2+ transport by RE ameloblasts and their transformation into SE ameloblasts, proton production ceases shortly and enables the ameloblasts to recover. Modulation also improves enamel crystal quality by selectively dissolving immature Ca2+-poor crystals, removing impurities as Mg2+ and carbonates, and recrystallizing into more acid-resistant crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L J J Bronckers
- 1 Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, MOVE Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Alkharobi H, Alhodhodi A, Hawsawi Y, Alkafaji H, Devine D, El-Gendy R, Beattie J. IGFBP-2 and -3 co-ordinately regulate IGF1 induced matrix mineralisation of differentiating human dental pulp cells. Stem Cell Res 2016; 17:517-522. [PMID: 27776273 PMCID: PMC5153425 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp cells (DPCs), which are known to contain a subset of stem cells capable of reforming a dentin and pulp-like complex upon in vivo transplantation, were isolated from third molars of three healthy donors and differentiated to a matrix mineralisation phenotype using by culture in dexamethasone and l-ascorbic acid. qRT-PCR analysis of insulin-like growth factor ( IGF) axis gene expression indicated that all genes, except insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 ( IGFBP-1), were expressed in DPCs. During differentiation upregulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) and downregulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) expression was observed. Changes in IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 mRNA expression were confirmed at the protein level by ELISA of DPC conditioned medium functional analysis indicated that IGF1 stimulated the differentiation of DPCs and that the activity of the growth factor was enhanced by pre-complexation with IGFBP-2 but inhibited by pre-complexation with IGFBP-3. Therefore changes in IGFBP-2 and -3 expression during differentiation form part of a co-ordinated functional response to enhance the pro-differentiative action of IGF1 and represent a novel mechanism for the regulation of DPC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Alkharobi
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, Level 7 Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Aishah Alhodhodi
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, Level 7 Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Yousef Hawsawi
- Dept. of Medical Breast Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Research Centre, University of Texas, Houston, United States
| | - Hasanain Alkafaji
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, Level 7 Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Deirdre Devine
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, Level 7 Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Reem El-Gendy
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, Level 7 Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom; Dept. of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - James Beattie
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, Level 7 Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom.
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Hisamoto M, Goto M, Muto M, Nio-Kobayashi J, Iwanaga T, Yokoyama A. A systematic analysis for localization of predominant growth factors and their receptors involved in murine tooth germ differentiation using in situ hybridization technique. Biomed Res 2016; 36:205-17. [PMID: 26106050 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.36.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tooth development is regulated by various growth factors and their receptors. However, the overall mechanism of growth factor-mediated odontogenesis remains to be elucidated. The present study examined expression sites and intensities of major growth factors and receptors in the tooth germ of murine fetuses and neonates. Signals of TGF-β and CTGF in fetuses were released from the enamel epithelium, while their neonatal signals arose in odontoblasts. Moreover, BMP/Smad signaling may affect the differentiation of ameloblasts, in contrast to PDGFα whose signals may cause odontoblast differentiation. Growth factors associated with the formation of the periodontium were IGF1, IGF2, IGFBP3, CTGF, and PDGFα. Concerning cusp formation, the enamel knot selectively expressed FGF4, BMP2, and BMP4 with an expression of PDGFα in the enamel-free area. It is concluded that many molecules play critical roles in the epithelium-mesenchyme interaction of tooth germ differentiation, and their expressions are precisely controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meri Hisamoto
- Department of Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Division of Oral Functional Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine
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Al-Kharobi H, El-Gendy R, Devine DA, Beattie J. The role of the insulin‑like growth factor (IGF) axis in osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:1469-76. [PMID: 24232361 PMCID: PMC11113200 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1508-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis is a multicomponent molecular network which has important biological functions in the development and maintenance of differentiated tissue function(s). One of the most important functions of the IGF axis is the control of skeletal tissue metabolism by the finely tuned regulation of the process of osteogenesis. To achieve this, the IGF axis controls the activity of several cell types—osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts to achieve the co-ordinated development of appropriate hard tissue structure and associated matrix deposition. In addition, there is an increasing awareness that the IGF axis also plays a role in the process of odontogenesis (tooth formation). In this review, we highlight some of the key findings in both of these areas. A further understanding of the role of the IGF axis in hard tissue biology may contribute to tissue regeneration strategies in cases of skeletal tissue trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Al-Kharobi
- Leeds University School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - R. El-Gendy
- Leeds University School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - D. A. Devine
- Leeds University School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
| | - J. Beattie
- Leeds University School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU UK
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Lacruz RS, Smith CE, Chen YB, Hubbard MJ, Hacia JG, Paine ML. Gene-expression analysis of early- and late-maturation-stage rat enamel organ. Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 119 Suppl 1:149-57. [PMID: 22243241 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2011.00881.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enamel maturation is a dynamic process that involves high rates of mineral acquisition, associated fluctuations in extracellular pH, and resorption of extracellular enamel proteins. During maturation, ameloblasts change from having a tall, thin, and highly polarized organization, characteristic of the secretory stage, to having a low columnar and widened morphology in the maturation stage. To identify potential differences in gene expression throughout maturation, we obtained enamel organ epithelial cells derived from the early- and late-maturation stages of rat incisor and analyzed the global gene-expression profiles at each stage. Sixty-three candidate genes were identified as having potential roles in the maturation process. Quantitative PCR was used to confirm the results of this genome-wide analysis in a subset of genes. Transcripts enriched during late maturation (n = 38) included those associated with lysosomal activity, solute carrier transport, and calcium signaling. Also up-regulated were transcripts involved in cellular responses to oxidative stress, proton transport, cell death, and the immune system. Transcripts down-regulated during the late maturation stage (n =25) included those with functions related to cell adhesion, cell signaling, and T-cell activation. These results indicate that ameloblasts undergo widespread molecular changes during the maturation stage of amelogenesis and hence provide a basis for future functional investigations into the mechanistic basis of enamel mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo S Lacruz
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Wang S, Mu J, Fan Z, Yu Y, Yan M, Lei G, Tang C, Wang Z, Zheng Y, Yu J, Zhang G. Insulin-like growth factor 1 can promote the osteogenic differentiation and osteogenesis of stem cells from apical papilla. Stem Cell Res 2012; 8:346-56. [PMID: 22286010 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in the regulation of tooth root development, and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) are responsible for the formation of root pulp and dentin. To date, it remains unclear whether IGF-1 can regulate the function of SCAPs. In this study, SCAPs were isolated and purified from human immature root apex, and stimulated by 100 ng/mL exogenous IGF-1. The effects of IGF-1 on the proliferation and differentiation of SCAPs were subsequently investigated. IGF-1 treated SCAPs presented the morphological and ultrastructural changes. Cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization capacity of SCAPs were increased by IGF-1. Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR analyses further demonstrated that the expression of osteogenic-related proteins and genes (e.g., alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osterix, and osteocalcin) was significantly up-regulated in IGF-1 treated SCAPs, whereas the expression of odontoblast-specific markers (e.g., dentin sialoprotein and dentin sialophosphoprotein) was down-regulated by IGF-1. In vivo results revealed that IGF-1 treated SCAPs mostly gave birth to bone-like tissues while untreated SCAPs mainly generated dentin-pulp complex-like structures after transplantation. The present study revealed that IGF-1 can promote the osteogenic differentiation and osteogenesis capacity of SCAPs, but weaken their odontogenic differentiation and dentinogenesis capability, indicating that IGF-1 treated SCAPs can be used as a potential candidate for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sainan Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Effect of vitronectin bound to insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 on porcine enamel organ-derived epithelial cells. Int J Dent 2012; 2012:386282. [PMID: 22567008 PMCID: PMC3332072 DOI: 10.1155/2012/386282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to determine whether the interaction between IGF, IGFBP, and VN modulates the functions of porcine EOE cells. Enamel organs from 6-month-old porcine third molars were dissociated into single epithelial cells and subcultured on culture dishes pretreated with VN, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 (IGF-IGFBP-VN complex). The subcultured EOE cells retained their capacity for ameloblast-related gene expression, as shown by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Amelogenin expression was detected in the subcultured EOE cells by immunostaining. The subcultured EOE cells were then seeded onto collagen sponge scaffolds in combination with fresh dental mesenchymal cells and transplanted into athymic rats. After 4 weeks, enamel-dentin-like complex structures were present in the implanted constructs. These results show that EOE cells cultured on IGF-IGFBP-VN complex differentiated into ameloblasts-like cells that were able to secrete amelogenin proteins and form enamel-like tissues in vivo. Functional assays demonstrated that the IGF/IGFBP/VN complex significantly enhanced porcine EOE cell proliferation and tissue forming capacity for enamel. This is the first study to demonstrate a functional role of the IGF-IGFBP-VN complex in EOE cells. This application of the subculturing technique provides a foundation for further tooth-tissue engineering and for improving our understanding of ameloblast biology.
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Matsumoto A, Harada H, Saito M, Taniguchi A. Induction of enamel matrix protein expression in an ameloblast cell line co-cultured with a mesenchymal cell line in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2010; 47:39-44. [PMID: 21082283 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-010-9362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between epithelium and mesenchyme are important for organ and tissue development. In this study, in order to mimic interactions between epithelium and mesenchyme during native tooth development, we constructed three-dimensional culture systems in vitro using a collagen membrane. Two types of collagen membrane-based in vitro culture systems were constructed in which dental epithelial and dental follicle cell lines were cultured. One co-culture method involved inoculation of one cell line into one side of the collagen membrane, and the other cell line into the opposite side of the membrane (sandwich co-culture). As a control, the second method involved culture of one of the cell lines on a culture dish and the second cell line on a collagen membrane, facing away from the first cell line (separate co-culture). The HAT-7 cells were also grown as a monolayer culture on collagen. Ameloblast differentiation in these cultures was investigated by analysis of the mRNA and/or protein expression of ameloblastin and amelogenin. Our results suggest that interaction of epithelial and mesenchymal cells via the extracellular matrix is important for tooth differentiation in vitro. Our culture system should be a useful method for investigation of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asako Matsumoto
- Advanced Medical Materials Group, Biomaterials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Moriguchi M, Yamada M, Miake Y, Yanagisawa T. Immunolocalization of TAK1, TAB1, and p38 in the developing rat molar. Anat Sci Int 2010; 86:69-77. [PMID: 20730577 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-010-0089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In tooth development, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) are involved in cell differentiation and matrix protein production. TGF-β and BMP have two signaling pathways: the Smad pathway and the non-Smad pathway. However, only a few studies have focused on the non-Smad pathway in tooth development. TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is activated by TGF-β or BMP and binds to TAK1-binding protein (TAB1), activating p38 or c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), forming the non-Smad signaling pathway. In this study, we examined the distribution of these kinases, TGF-β receptor 1 (TGF-β-R1), BMP receptor-1B (BMPR-1B) and Smad4 in cells of the rat molar germ histochemically, in order to investigate the signaling pathway in each type of cell. Immunostaining for TGF-β-R1, BMPR-1B, Smad4, TAK1, TAB1 and phosphorylated-p38 (p-p38) showed similar reactions. In the cervical loop, reactions were clearer than in other enamel epithelium. In the inner enamel epithelium, signal increased with differentiation into ameloblasts, became strongest in the secretory stage, and decreased rapidly in the maturation stage. Signal also increased upon differentiation from preodontoblasts to odontoblasts. In Hertwig's epithelial sheath, with the exception of BMPR-1B, reactions were stronger in the later stage, showing more enamel protein secretion than in the early stage. However, no clear reaction corresponding to phosphorylated-JNK was observed in any type of cell. These results suggest that TGF-β or BMP is involved in the induction of differentiation of inner enamel epithelium cells into ameloblasts, and preodontoblast differentiation into odontoblasts, the regulation of cervical loop cell proliferation, the elongation or regulation of the epithelial sheath, and the secretion of enamel protein and dentin matrix protein through the non-Smad signaling pathway via TAK1, TAB1 and p38 as well as Smad signaling pathways in the rat molar germ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuko Moriguchi
- Department of Ultrastructural Science, Tokyo Dental College, 1-2-2 Masago, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-8502, Japan.
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15
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Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome: two case reports and a brief review of the literature. Odontology 2010; 98:89-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-009-0106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2008] [Accepted: 10/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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MAPK mediates Hsp25 signaling in incisor development. Histochem Cell Biol 2009; 131:593-603. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-009-0568-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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