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Ventres W, Whiteside-Mansell L. Getting started in research, redefined: five questions for clinically focused physicians in family medicine. Fam Med Community Health 2019; 7:e000017. [PMID: 32148700 PMCID: PMC6910733 DOI: 10.1136/fmch-2018-000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Research is crucial to the development of family medicine around the world. However, family physicians in practice often hesitate to enter into investigative endeavours. Common reasons for such hesitation include limited exposure to the process of conducting research and the belief that research is best conducted by academic scholars. Our intent here is to encourage clinically focused family physicians’ involvement in research activities by explaining how they can cultivate inquisitiveness so as to develop questions for exploration. We present an approach to research that focuses on five steps emergent from the day-to-day, habitual practice of family medicine, wherever in the world it is practised. We illustrate this approach by describing a successful practice-based research study. We conclude by inviting all family physicians to consider integrating research into their practice lives so as to expand their professional horizons and help educate the next generation of global family physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Ventres
- Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Leanne Whiteside-Mansell
- Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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James W. Mold and colleagues on The shift to goal-oriented medical care (1991). Fam Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315365305-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Abdulmajeed AA, Ismail MA, Nour-Eldein H. Research publications in medical journals (1992-2013) by family medicine authors - suez canal university-egypt. J Family Med Prim Care 2015; 3:368-73. [PMID: 25657945 PMCID: PMC4311344 DOI: 10.4103/2249-4863.148112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research in family medicine (FM) provides an important contribution to its discipline. Family medicine research can contribute to many areas of primary care, ranging from the early diagnosis to equitable health care. Publication productivity is important in academic settings as a marker for career advancement. OBJECTIVE To describe the publications by family medicine researcher authors between 1992 and 2013. MATERIALS AND METHODS All full text, original articles published by family medicine researcher; author with affiliation to the Suez Canal University were collected using the internet and hand search. The journals that published for family medicine researcher authors were identified. Author characteristics were described. The trend of publications was described. All articles were analyzed for their characteristics, including the themes and study designs according to predefined criteria. RESULTS Along 22 years, 149 research articles were published by 48 family medicine authors in 39 medical journals. The largest category in publications was related to Family physician/Health service (FP-HS, n = 52 articles), followed by 'Patient' category (n = 42). All the studies were quantitative; the largest group was represented by cross-sectional studies (76.5%). CONCLUSIONS The publication productivity by family medicine researchers are going to be increased. FP-HS and patient topics were mostly addressed in publications. Cross-sectional studies exceeded any other designs. There is need to put more emphasis on intervention studies. Continuous assessment and improvement of FM research production and publication is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mosleh A Ismail
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah Nour-Eldein
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Cadwallader JS, Lebeau JP, Lasserre E, Letrilliart L. Patient and professional attitudes towards research in general practice: the RepR qualitative study. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2014; 15:136. [PMID: 25047280 PMCID: PMC4115489 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2296-15-136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the 1990s, professional institutions worldwide have emphasised the need to develop research in general practice to improve the health of the population. The recent creation of professorships in general practice in French Universities should foster research in this field. Our aim was to explore the views of patients and relevant professionals on research in general practice. METHODS Qualitative study, using the grounded theory approach according to Strauss and Corbin, conducted in 2010 in three French regions. Nine focus groups were run to data saturation, and included 57 participants in four different categories: patients, non-academic GPs, academic GPs, academics in other disciplines. RESULTS Most of the participants in the four categories described research in general practice as specific to the population managed and relevant for health care. They considered that its grounding in day-to-day practice enabled pragmatic approaches. The influence of the pharmaceutical industry, rivalries between university disciplines and a possible gap between research and practice were considered as pitfalls. The barriers identified were representations of the medical researcher as a "laboratory worker", the lack of awareness of any research in the discipline, and lack of time and training. While the views of patients and non-academic GPs are mostly focused on professional issues and the views of academics other than GPs on technical issues, academic GPs are in a position to play a role of interface between the universities and general practices. CONCLUSIONS Although the role of GPs in research is perceived differently by the various protagonists, research in general practice has an undisputed legitimacy in France. Solutions for overcoming the identified barriers include research networks with appropriate resources and training and scientifically sound collaborative research projects, as already implemented in leading countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Sébastien Cadwallader
- Department of General Practice, University of Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, BP 3223, Tours, Cedex 1 37032, France.
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Buono N, Thulesius H, Petrazzuoli F, Van Merode T, Koskela T, Le Reste JY, Prick H, Soler JK. 40 years of biannual family medicine research meetings--the European General Practice Research Network (EGPRN). Scand J Prim Health Care 2013; 31:185-7. [PMID: 24191874 PMCID: PMC3860292 DOI: 10.3109/02813432.2013.847594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To document family medicine research in the 25 EGPRN member countries in 2010. DESIGN Semi-structured survey with open-ended questions. SETTING Academic family medicine in 23 European countries, Israel, and Turkey. SUBJECTS 25 EGPRN national representatives. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Demographics of the general population and family medicine. Assessments, opinions, and suggestions. RESULTS EGPRN has represented family medicine for almost half a billion people and > 300,000 general practitioners (GPs). Turkey had the largest number of family medicine departments and highest density of GPs, 2.1/1000 people, Belgium had 1.7, Austria 1.6, and France 1.5. Lowest GP density was reported from Israel 0.17, Greece 0.18, and Slovenia 0.4 GPs per 1000 people. Family medicine research networks were reported by 22 of 25 and undergraduate family medicine research education in 20 of the 25 member countries, and in 10 countries students were required to do research projects. Postgraduate family medicine research was reported by 18 of the member countries. Open-ended responses showed that EGPRN meetings promoted stimulating and interesting research questions such as comparative studies of chronic pain management, sleep disorders, elderly care, healthy lifestyle promotion, mental health, clinical competence, and appropriateness of specialist referrals. Many respondents reported a lack of interest in family medicine research related to poor incentives and low family medicine status in general and among medical students in particular. It was suggested that EGPRN exert political lobbying for family medicine research. CONCLUSION Since 1974, EGPRN organizes biannual conferences that unite and promote primary care practice, clinical research and academic family medicine in 25 member countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Buono
- 1European General Practice Research Network Council and Executive Board
| | - Hans Thulesius
- 1European General Practice Research Network Council and Executive Board
| | | | - Tiny Van Merode
- 1European General Practice Research Network Council and Executive Board
| | - Tuomas Koskela
- 1European General Practice Research Network Council and Executive Board
| | | | - Hanny Prick
- 1European General Practice Research Network Council and Executive Board
- 2EGPRN Office, Department of Family Medicine, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jean Karl Soler
- 1European General Practice Research Network Council and Executive Board
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Kim YI, Hong JY, Kim K, Goh E, Sung NJ. Primary care research in South Korea: its importance and enhancing strategies for enhancement. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2013. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2013.56.10.899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Il Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jee Young Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyoungwoo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eurah Goh
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangwon National University Postgraduate College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Nak-Jin Sung
- Department of Family Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
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Johnston S, Liddy C, Hogg W, Donskov M, Russell G, Gyorfi-Dyke E. Barriers and facilitators to recruitment of physicians and practices for primary care health services research at one centre. BMC Med Res Methodol 2010; 10:109. [PMID: 21144048 PMCID: PMC3017524 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-10-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While some research has been conducted examining recruitment methods to engage physicians and practices in primary care research, further research is needed on recruitment methodology as it remains a recurrent challenge and plays a crucial role in primary care research. This paper reviews recruitment strategies, common challenges, and innovative practices from five recent primary care health services research studies in Ontario, Canada. METHODS We used mixed qualitative and quantitative methods to gather data from investigators and/or project staff from five research teams. Team members were interviewed and asked to fill out a brief survey on recruitment methods, results, and challenges encountered during a recent or ongoing project involving primary care practices or physicians. Data analysis included qualitative analysis of interview notes and descriptive statistics generated for each study. RESULTS Recruitment rates varied markedly across the projects despite similar initial strategies. Common challenges and creative solutions were reported by many of the research teams, including building a sampling frame, developing front-office rapport, adapting recruitment strategies, promoting buy-in and interest in the research question, and training a staff recruiter. CONCLUSIONS Investigators must continue to find effective ways of reaching and involving diverse and representative samples of primary care providers and practices by building personal connections with, and buy-in from, potential participants. Flexible recruitment strategies and an understanding of the needs and interests of potential participants may also facilitate recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Johnston
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, 43 Bruyère Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Hummers-Pradier E, Beyer M, Chevallier P, Eilat-Tsanani S, Lionis C, Peremans L, Petek D, Rurik I, Soler JK, Stoffers HE, Topsever P, Ungan M, Royen PV. The Research Agenda for General Practice/Family Medicine and Primary Health Care in Europe. Part 1. Background and methodology1. Eur J Gen Pract 2010; 15:243-50. [DOI: 10.3109/13814780903452184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hogg W, Donskov M, Russell G, Pottie K, Liddy C, Johnston S, Chambers L. Riding the wave of primary care research: development of a primary health care research centre. CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2009; 55:e35-e40. [PMID: 19826140 PMCID: PMC2762299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM BEING ADDRESSED Family medicine departments and primary health care research centres across the country are growing in size and complexity and therefore require increasingly sophisticated management strategies. Conducting effective and relevant research relies on a stable and efficient organization. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROGRAM To focus on the needs of individuals, teams, and the organization in order to ensure the success of research projects. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION In order to ensure the success of research projects, the C.T. Lamont Primary Health Care Research Centre (CTLC) in Ottawa, Ont, used the following strategies: ensuring organizational support (ie, protected time for research and sustained funding for some investigators); arranging financial and infrastructure support; building skills and confidence (eg, education sessions); organizing linkages and collaborations (eg, forums among staff members); creating appropriate dissemination (eg, newsletter, website); and providing continuity and sustainability. CONCLUSION In order to ensure progress in primary health care research, the CTLC created solutions that focused on the individual, team, and organizational levels. With its management strategies, the CTLC was successful in maintaining a high-functioning team and a well-organized research organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Hogg
- Department of Family Medicine at the University of Ottawa in Ontario, Lamont Primary Health Care Research Centre, Ottawa, ON K1N 5C8.
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Kljakovic M. Developing a teaching research culture for general practice registrars in Australia: a literature review. ASIA PACIFIC FAMILY MEDICINE 2009; 8:6. [PMID: 19531234 PMCID: PMC2706233 DOI: 10.1186/1447-056x-8-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To ascertain the issues all general practice educators need to understand when educating GP registrars to learn about research. STUDY DESIGN A review of MEDLINE [1996-2007], six websites and key informants produced 302 publications, which reduced to 35 articles, 7 books, and 9 policy documents. RESULTS Key themes that emerged from a thematic analysis of the literature that GP educators need to consider when teaching registrars about research were [i] the need to understand that learning research is influenced by attitudes; [ii] the need to address organisational constraints on learning research; [iii] the need to identify the educational barriers on learning research; [iv] the need to understand there are gaps in GP research content - especially from GP registrars; And [v] the need to understand the value of research on the GP registrar's educational cycle of learning, which develops in a culture that allows research to flourish. CONCLUSION Australian GP registrars will observe a research culture only if they encounter clinician-researchers paid to practice and conduct research in their general practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Kljakovic
- Academic Unit of General Practice and Community Health, Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, Australia.
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Hinojosa J, Benè KL, Hickey C, Marvel K. Scholarly Activities of Family Medicine Faculty: Results of a National Survey. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2006; 11:4602. [PMID: 28253775 DOI: 10.3402/meo.v11i.4602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This survey examined how family medicine residency programs define scholarly activity, the productivity of programs, and perceived barriers to scholarly work. Five types of residency programs are compared: university-based, community-based (unaffiliated, university-affiliated, university-administered), and military. METHODS A 13 item web-based questionnaire was sent to all 455 U. S. family medicine residency programs. The survey solicited demographic information as well as program expectations of faculty, presence of a research coordinator/director, activities considered scholarly, productivity, and perceived barriers. RESULTS A total of 177 surveys were completed for a response rate of 38%, similar to response rates of web-based surveys in the literature. 67.6% of programs encouraged, but did not require scholarly activity, and 44.5% indicated their program had no research coordinator/ director. University-based programs had the highest levels of productivity compared to other program types. Primary barriers to scholarly activity noted were lack of time (73/138, 53%) and lack of supportive infrastructure (37/138, 27%). CONCLUSIONS While interpretations are limited by the response rate of the survey, results provide an increased understanding of how programs define scholarly activity as well as reference points for faculty productivity. This information can help program directors when setting criteria for scholarly work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kim Marvel
- b Fort Collins Family Medicine Residency Program
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van Weel C, Rosser WW. Improving health care globally: a critical review of the necessity of family medicine research and recommendations to build research capacity. Ann Fam Med 2004. [PMID: 15655089 PMCID: PMC1466768 DOI: 10.1370/afm.194,] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
An invitational conference led by the World Organization of Family Doctors (Wonca) involving selected delegates from 34 countries was held in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, March 8 to 12, 2003. The conference theme was "Improving Health Globally: The Necessity of Family Medicine Research." Guiding conference discussions was the value that to improve health care worldwide, strong, evidence-based primary care is indispensable. Eight papers reviewed before the meeting formed the basic material from which the conference developed 9 recommendations. Wonca, as an international body of family medicine, was regarded as particularly suited to pursue these conference recommendations: 1. Research achievements in family medicine should be displayed to policy makers, health (insurance) authorities, and academic leaders in a systematic way. 2. In all countries, sentinel practice systems should be developed to provide surveillance reports on illness and diseases that have the greatest impact on the population's health and wellness in the community. 3. A clearinghouse should be organized to provide a central repository of knowledge about family medicine research expertise, training, and mentoring.4. National research institutes and university departments of family medicine with a research mission should be developed. 5. Practice-based research networks should be developed around the world.6. Family medicine research journals, conferences, and Web sites should be strengthened to disseminate research findings internationally, and their use coordinated. Improved representation of family medicine research journals in databases, such as Index Medicus, should be pursued.7. Funding of international collaborative research in family medicine should be facilitated.8. International ethical guidelines, with an international ethical review process, should be developed in particular for participatory (action) research, where researchers work in partnership with communities. 9. When implementing these recommendations, the specific needs and implications for developing countries should be addressed.The Wonca executive committee has reviewed these recommendations and the supporting rationale for each. They plan to follow the recommendations, but to do so will require the support and cooperation of many individuals, organizations, and national governments around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris van Weel
- Department of Family Medicine, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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van Weel C, Rosser WW. Improving health care globally: a critical review of the necessity of family medicine research and recommendations to build research capacity. Ann Fam Med 2004; 2 Suppl 2:S5-16. [PMID: 15655089 PMCID: PMC1466768 DOI: 10.1370/afm.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An invitational conference led by the World Organization of Family Doctors (Wonca) involving selected delegates from 34 countries was held in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, March 8 to 12, 2003. The conference theme was "Improving Health Globally: The Necessity of Family Medicine Research." Guiding conference discussions was the value that to improve health care worldwide, strong, evidence-based primary care is indispensable. Eight papers reviewed before the meeting formed the basic material from which the conference developed 9 recommendations. Wonca, as an international body of family medicine, was regarded as particularly suited to pursue these conference recommendations: 1. Research achievements in family medicine should be displayed to policy makers, health (insurance) authorities, and academic leaders in a systematic way. 2. In all countries, sentinel practice systems should be developed to provide surveillance reports on illness and diseases that have the greatest impact on the population's health and wellness in the community. 3. A clearinghouse should be organized to provide a central repository of knowledge about family medicine research expertise, training, and mentoring.4. National research institutes and university departments of family medicine with a research mission should be developed. 5. Practice-based research networks should be developed around the world.6. Family medicine research journals, conferences, and Web sites should be strengthened to disseminate research findings internationally, and their use coordinated. Improved representation of family medicine research journals in databases, such as Index Medicus, should be pursued.7. Funding of international collaborative research in family medicine should be facilitated.8. International ethical guidelines, with an international ethical review process, should be developed in particular for participatory (action) research, where researchers work in partnership with communities. 9. When implementing these recommendations, the specific needs and implications for developing countries should be addressed.The Wonca executive committee has reviewed these recommendations and the supporting rationale for each. They plan to follow the recommendations, but to do so will require the support and cooperation of many individuals, organizations, and national governments around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris van Weel
- Department of Family Medicine, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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