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Cotter JA, Plaza-Florido A, Adams GR, Haddad F, Scott JM, Everett M, Ploutz-Snyder L, Radom-Aizik S. Exercise Training Attenuates the Muscle Mitochondria Genomic Response to Bed Rest. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:1615-1622. [PMID: 38650118 PMCID: PMC11326991 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exercise training during the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 70-d bed rest study effectively counteracted the decline in aerobic capacity, muscle mass, strength, and endurance. We aimed to characterize the genomic response of the participants' vastus lateralis on day 64 of bed rest with and without exercise countermeasures. METHODS Twenty-two healthy young males were randomized into three groups: 1) bed rest only ( n = 7), 2) bed rest + aerobic (6 d·wk -1 ) and resistance training (3 d·wk -1 ) on standard equipment ( n = 7), and 3) bed rest + aerobic and resistance training using a flywheel device ( n = 8). The vastus lateralis gene and microRNA microarrays were analyzed using GeneSpring GX 14.9.1 (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA). RESULTS Bed rest significantly altered the expression of 2113 annotated genes in at least one out of the three study groups (fold change (FC) > 1.2; P < 0.05). Interaction analysis revealed that exercise attenuated the bed rest effect of 511 annotated genes (FC = 1.2, P < 0.05). In the bed rest only group, a predominant downregulation of genes was observed, whereas in the two exercise groups, there was a notable attenuation or reversal of this effect, with no significant differences between the two exercise modalities. Enrichment analysis identified functional categories and gene pathways, many of them related to the mitochondria. In addition, bed rest significantly altered the expression of 35 microRNAs (FC > 1.2, P < 0.05) with no difference between the three groups. Twelve are known to regulate some of the mitochondrial-related genes that were altered following bed rest. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial gene expression was a significant component of the molecular response to long-term bed rest. Although exercise attenuated the FC in the downregulation of many genes, it did not completely counteract all the molecular consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Gregory R Adams
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Fadia Haddad
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | | | - Meghan Everett
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Houston, TX
| | | | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
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Wang S, Li B, Cai Z, Hugo C, Li J, Sun Y, Qian L, Remaley AT, Tcw J, Chui HC, Bennett DA, Arvanitakis Z, Kerman B, Yassine H. Cellular senescence induced by cholesterol accumulation is mediated by lysosomal ABCA1 in APOE4 and AD. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4373201. [PMID: 38798644 PMCID: PMC11118681 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4373201/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Cellular senescence is a hallmark of aging and has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Cholesterol accumulation drives cellular senescence; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) plays an important role in cholesterol homeostasis. ABCA1 expression and its trafficking is afiltered in APOE4 and AD cellular and mouse models. However, whether ABCA1 trafficking is involved in cellular senescence in APOE4 and AD remains unknown. Methods We examined the association between cellular senescence and ABCA1 expression in human postmortem brain samples using transcriptomic, histological, and biochemical analyses. An unbiased proteomic screening was performed to identify targets that mediate cellular ABCA1 trafficking. APOE4-TR mice, immortalized, primary and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models were used to examine the cholesterol-ABCA1-senescence pathways. Results Bulk and single nuclei transcriptomic profiling of the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex from the Religious Order Study/Memory Aging Project (ROSMAP) revealed upregulation of cellular senescence transcriptome signatures in AD, which was strongly correlated with ABCA1 expression. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting analyses confirmed increased ABCA1 expression in AD brain tissues, which was associated with lipofuscin-stained lipids and mTOR phosphorylation. Using discovery proteomics, caveolin-1, a sensor of cellular cholesterol accumulation, was identified to promote ABCA1 endolysosomal trafficking. Greater caveolin-1 expression was found in both APOE4-TR mouse models and AD human brains. Cholesterol induced mTORC1 activation was regulated by ABCA1 expression or its lysosomal trapping. Reducing cholesterol by cyclodextrin in APOE4-TR mice reduced ABCA1 lysosome trapping and increased ABCA1 recycling to efflux cholesterol to HDL particles, reducing mTORC1 activation and senescence-associated neuroinflammation. In human iPSC-derived astrocytes, the reduction of cholesterol by cyclodextrin attenuated inflammatory responses. Conclusions Cholesterol accumulation in APOE4 and AD induced caveolin-1 expression, which traps ABCA1 in lysosomes to activate mTORC1 pathways and induce cellular senescence. This study provided novel insights into how cholesterol accumulation in APOE4 and AD accelerates senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jie Li
- University of Southern California
| | - Yi Sun
- University of Southern California
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Moskal N, McQuibban GA. From jeopardy champion to drug discovery; semantic similarity artificial intelligence. Autophagy 2024; 20:935-937. [PMID: 37179524 PMCID: PMC11062390 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2210995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We have employed artificial intelligence to streamline the small molecule drug screening pipeline and identified the cholesterol-reducing compound probucol in the process. Probucol augmented mitophagy and prevented loss of dopaminergic neurons in flies and zebrafish challenged with mitochondrial toxins. Further dissection of the mechanism of action led to the identification of ABCA1, the target of probucol, as a mitophagy modulator. Probucol treatment regulates lipid droplet dynamics during mitophagy and ABCA1 is required for these effects. Here we will summarize the combination of in silico and cell-based screening that led us to identify and characterize probucol as a compound that enhances mitophagy and include thoughts about future directions for the topics explored in our study.Abbreviations: ABCA1: ATP binding cassette transporter protein 1; ATP: Adenosine tri-phosphate; CCCP: carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone; DsRed: Discosoma red; FDA: Food and drug administration; GFP: Green fluorescent protein; LAMP: lysosome-associated membrane glycoproteins; LD: Lipid droplet; PD: Parkinson's disease; PINK: PTEN-induced kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Moskal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Sharif A, Mamo J, Lam V, Al-Salami H, Mooranian A, Watts GF, Clarnette R, Luna G, Takechi R. The therapeutic potential of probucol and probucol analogues in neurodegenerative diseases. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:6. [PMID: 38247000 PMCID: PMC10802046 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00398-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders present complex pathologies characterized by various interconnected factors, including the aggregation of misfolded proteins, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and compromised blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Addressing such multifaceted pathways necessitates the development of multi-target therapeutic strategies. Emerging research indicates that probucol, a historic lipid-lowering medication, offers substantial potential in the realm of neurodegenerative disease prevention and treatment. Preclinical investigations have unveiled multifaceted cellular effects of probucol, showcasing its remarkable antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, its ability to fortify the BBB and its direct influence on neural preservation and adaptability. These diverse effects collectively translate into enhancements in both motor and cognitive functions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent findings highlighting the efficacy of probucol and probucol-related compounds in the context of various neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and cognitive impairment associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arazu Sharif
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - John Mamo
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Research, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Virginie Lam
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Armin Mooranian
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Gerald F Watts
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Roger Clarnette
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Luna
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ryu Takechi
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
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Stefano GB. Quantum Computing and the Future of Neurodegeneration and Mental Health Research. Brain Sci 2024; 14:93. [PMID: 38248308 PMCID: PMC10813156 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Quantum computing and supercomputing are two distinct approaches that can be used to solve complex computational problems [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- George B Stefano
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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Guseva EA, Pavlova JA, Dontsova OA, Sergiev PV. Synthetic Activators of Autophagy. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:27-52. [PMID: 38467544 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is a central process for degradation of intracellular components that do not operate correctly. Molecular mechanisms underlying this process are extremely difficult to study, since they involve a large number of participants. The main task of autophagy is redistribution of cellular resources in response to environmental changes, such as starvation. Recent studies show that autophagy regulation could be the key to achieve healthy longevity, as well as to create therapeutic agents for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Thus, development of autophagy activators with established detailed mechanism of action is a really important area of research. Several commercial companies are at various stages of development of such molecules, and some of them have already begun to introduce autophagy activators to the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Guseva
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia.
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Julia A Pavlova
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga A Dontsova
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Petr V Sergiev
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia.
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Takeo T, Miyake M, Mizuno H. Neuroprotective Effects of Probucol against Rotenone-Induced Toxicity via Suppression of Reactive Oxygen Species Production in SH-SY5Y Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:1154-1162. [PMID: 38880623 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b24-00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Probucol is a hyperlipidemic drug with antioxidant properties. It has been reported to prevent mitochondrial dysfunction, reduce oxidative stress, and suppress neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative disease models, including Parkinson's disease models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of probucol have been not examined yet. Thus, in this study, we investigated whether probucol can alleviate the effects of a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, rotenone, on a human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y). We evaluated the cell viability and cytotoxicity and apoptosis rates of SH-SY5Y cells treated with rotenone and probucol or edaravone, a known free-radical scavenger. Subsequently, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the cells were evaluated to determine the effects of probucol on mitochondrial function. We found that rotenone caused cytotoxicity, cell apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction, enhanced ROS generation, and impaired MMP. However, probucol could inhibit this rotenone-induced decrease in cell viability, MMP loss, intracellular ROS generation, and apoptosis. These results suggest that probucol exerts neuroprotective effects via MMP stabilization and the inhibition of ROS generation. Additionally, this effect of probucol was equal to or greater than and more persistent than that of edaravone. Thus, we believe probucol may be a promising drug for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsugumi Takeo
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | | | - Hideya Mizuno
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
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Huang J, Xu S, Liu L, Zhang J, Xu J, Zhang L, Zhou X, Huang L, Peng J, Wang J, Gong Z, Chen Y. Targeted treatment of atherosclerosis with protein-polysaccharide nanoemulsion co-loaded with photosensitiser and upconversion nanoparticles. J Drug Target 2023; 31:1111-1127. [PMID: 37962293 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2284093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are the most abundant cell group in atherosclerosis (AS) lesions and play a vital role in all stages of AS progression. Recent research has shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation from photodynamic therapy (PDT) induces macrophage autophagy to improve abnormal lipid metabolism and inflammatory environment. Especially in macrophage-derived foam cells, which has become a potential strategy for the treatment of AS. In this study, we prepared the conjugate (DB) of dextran (DEX) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The DB was used as the emulsifier to prepare nanoemulsion loaded with upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) (UCNPs-Ce6@DB). The DEX modified on the surface of the nanoemulsion can recognise and bind to the scavenger receptor class A (SR-A) highly expressed on macrophages and promote the uptake of macrophage-derived foam cells in AS plates through SR-A-mediated endocytosis. In addition, UCNPs-Ce6@DB-mediated PDT enhanced ROS generation and induced autophagy in macrophage-derived foam cells, enhanced the expression of ABCA1, a protein closely related to cholesterol efflux, and inhibited the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Ultimately, UCNPs-Ce6@DB was shown to inhibit plaque formation in mouse models of AS. In conclusion, UCNPs-Ce6@DB offers a promising treatment for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shan Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lina Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinzhuan Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lei Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianqing Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Zipeng Gong
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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