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Yurova MN, Golubev AG, Aleksakhina SN, Fedoros EI, Tumanyan IA, Otradnova EA, Soloviev IV, Sergiev PV, Imyanitov EN. The Effect of Inactivating Heterozygous Mutation in NBS1 Gene on DNA Damage and Repair Markers and Apoptosis Markers in Mice. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 175:234-238. [PMID: 37466852 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05841-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
We studied the state of the DNA repair system and apoptosis in young mice carrying heterozygous inactivating mutation in the NBS1 gene (c.1971insT, p.Arg658Stop). In the peripheral blood cells of 4-month-old NBS1insT males, the %DNA in the comet tail was higher by 10% than in wild-type mice (wt) (p<0.05). In hepatocytes of NBS1insT mice, the proportion of γH2AX+ nuclear regions marking DNA double-strand breaks was lower by 2 times than in wt mice (p<0.05), which can be an indicator of less efficient DNA repair. In the kidney tissue of NBS1insT mice, a tendency towards the proapoptotic ratio of Bax and Bcl-2 protein markers was revealed against the background of their reduced expression. Thus, the disturbances detected NBS1insT mice in young age suggest that this model is promising for further studies of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Yurova
- N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - A G Golubev
- N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - S N Aleksakhina
- N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E I Fedoros
- N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I A Tumanyan
- N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E A Otradnova
- N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I V Soloviev
- N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - P V Sergiev
- Institute of Functional Genomics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E N Imyanitov
- N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Patel J, Baptiste BA, Kim E, Hussain M, Croteau DL, Bohr VA. DNA damage and mitochondria in cancer and aging. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:1625-1634. [PMID: 33146705 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Age and DNA repair deficiencies are strong risk factors for developing cancer. This is reflected in the comorbidity of cancer with premature aging diseases associated with DNA damage repair deficiencies. Recent research has suggested that DNA damage accumulation, telomere dysfunction and the accompanying mitochondrial dysfunction exacerbate the aging process and may increase the risk of cancer development. Thus, an area of interest in both cancer and aging research is the elucidation of the dynamic crosstalk between the nucleus and the mitochondria. In this review, we discuss current research on aging and cancer with specific focus on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer and aging as well as how nuclear to mitochondrial DNA damage signaling may be a driving factor in the increased cancer incidence with aging. We suggest that therapeutic interventions aimed at the induction of autophagy and mediation of nuclear to mitochondrial signaling may provide a mechanism for healthier aging and reduced tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimin Patel
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Beverly A Baptiste
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edward Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mansoor Hussain
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Deborah L Croteau
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Telomere attrition and dysfunction: a potential trigger of the progeroid phenotype in nijmegen breakage syndrome. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:12342-12375. [PMID: 32564008 PMCID: PMC7343506 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Nibrin, as part of the NBN/MRE11/RAD50 complex, is mutated in Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS), which leads to impaired DNA damage response and lymphoid malignancy. Results: Telomere length (TL) was markedly reduced in homozygous patients (and comparably so in all chromosomes) by ~40% (qPCR) and was slightly reduced in NBS heterozygotes older than 30 years (~25% in qPCR), in accordance with the respective cancer rates. Humanized cancer-free NBS mice had normal TL. Telomere elongation was inducible by telomerase and/or alternative telomere lengthening but was associated with abnormal expression of telomeric genes involved in aging and/or cell growth. Lymphoblastoid cells from NBS patients with long survival times (>12 years) displayed the shortest telomeres and low caspase 7 activity. Conclusions: NBS is a secondary telomeropathy. The two-edged sword of telomere attrition enhances the cancer-prone situation in NBS but can also lead to a relatively stable cellular phenotype in tumor survivors. Results suggest a modular model for progeroid syndromes with abnormal expression of telomeric genes as a molecular basis. Methods: We studied TL and function in 38 homozygous individuals, 27 heterozygotes, one homozygous fetus, six NBS lymphoblastoid cell lines, and humanized NBS mice, all with the same founder NBN mutation: c.657_661del5.
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Walker C, El-Khamisy SF. Perturbed autophagy and DNA repair converge to promote neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and dementia. Brain 2018; 141:1247-1262. [PMID: 29584802 PMCID: PMC5917746 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining genomic stability constitutes a major challenge facing cells. DNA breaks can arise from direct oxidative damage to the DNA backbone, the inappropriate activities of endogenous enzymes such as DNA topoisomerases, or due to transcriptionally-derived RNA/DNA hybrids (R-loops). The progressive accumulation of DNA breaks has been linked to several neurological disorders. Recently, however, several independent studies have implicated nuclear and mitochondrial genomic instability, perturbed co-transcriptional processing, and impaired cellular clearance pathways as causal and intertwined mechanisms underpinning neurodegeneration. Here, we discuss this emerging paradigm in the context of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, and outline how this knowledge paves the way to novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Walker
- Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular biology and biotechnology, University of Sheffield, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Sherif F El-Khamisy
- Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular biology and biotechnology, University of Sheffield, UK
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
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Hou D, Liu Z, Xu X, Liu Q, Zhang X, Kong B, Wei JJ, Gong Y, Shao C. Increased oxidative stress mediates the antitumor effect of PARP inhibition in ovarian cancer. Redox Biol 2018; 17:99-111. [PMID: 29684820 PMCID: PMC6006521 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PARP inhibitors have been widely tested in clinical trials, especially for the treatment of breast cancer and ovarian cancer, and were shown to be highly successful. Because PARP primarily functions in sensing and repairing DNA strand breaks, the therapeutic effect of PARP inhibition is generally believed to be attributed to impaired DNA repair. We here report that oxidative stress is also increased by PARP inhibition and mediates the antitumor effect. We showed that PARP1 is highly expressed in specimens of high grade serous ovarian carcinoma and its activity is required for unperturbed proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Inhibition or depletion of PARP leads to not only an increase in DNA damage, but also an elevation in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated the induction of DNA damage and the perturbation of proliferation by PARP inhibition or depletion. We further showed that NADPH oxidases 1 and 4 were significantly upregulated by PARP inhibition and were partially responsible for the induction of oxidative stress. Depletion of NOX1 and NOX4 partially rescued the growth inhibition of PARP1-deficient tumor xenografts. Our findings suggest that in addition to compromising the repair of DNA damage, PARP inhibition or depletion may exert extra antitumor effect by elevating oxidative stress in ovarian cancer cells. PARP1 is overexpressed in ovarian cancer. PARP inhibition increases oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage. PARP inhibition increases ROS by upregulating NOX1 and NOX4. Oxidative stress mediates the antitumor effect of PARP inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education/Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhaojian Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiuhua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education/Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education/Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education/Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Beihua Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jian-Jun Wei
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yaoqin Gong
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education/Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Changshun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education/Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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Pietrucha B, Heropolitanska-Pliszka E, Maciejczyk M, Car H, Sawicka-Powierza J, Motkowski R, Karpinska J, Hryniewicka M, Zalewska A, Pac M, Wolska-Kusnierz B, Bernatowska E, Mikoluc B. Comparison of Selected Parameters of Redox Homeostasis in Patients with Ataxia-Telangiectasia and Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6745840. [PMID: 29456787 PMCID: PMC5804414 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6745840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the antioxidant status and major lipophilic antioxidants in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) and Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS). Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and concentrations of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamins A and E were estimated in the plasma of 22 patients with AT, 12 children with NBS, and the healthy controls. In AT patients, TAS (median 261.7 μmol/L) was statistically lower but TOS (496.8 μmol/L) was significantly elevated in comparison with the healthy group (312.7 μmol/L and 311.2 μmol/L, resp.). Tocopherol (0.8 μg/mL) and CoQ10 (0.1 μg/mL) were reduced in AT patients versus control (1.4 μg/mL and 0.3 μg/mL, resp.). NBS patients also displayed statistically lower TAS levels (290.3 μmol/L), while TOS (404.8 μmol/L) was comparable to the controls. We found that in NBS patients retinol concentration (0.1 μg/mL) was highly elevated and CoQ10 (0.1 μg/mL) was significantly lower in comparison with those in the healthy group. Our study confirms disturbances in redox homeostasis in AT and NBS patients and indicates a need for diagnosing oxidative stress in those cases as a potential disease biomarker. Decreased CoQ10 concentration found in NBS and AT indicates a need for possible supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pietrucha
- Clinical Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Av. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37 Str., 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Halina Car
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37 Str., 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Radosław Motkowski
- Department of Pediatrics Rheumatology, Immunology, and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 17 Str., 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Karpinska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Anna Zalewska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Pac
- Clinical Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Av. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Wolska-Kusnierz
- Clinical Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Av. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bernatowska
- Clinical Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Av. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bozena Mikoluc
- Department of Pediatrics Rheumatology, Immunology, and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 17 Str., 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
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Duecker R, Baer P, Eickmeier O, Strecker M, Kurz J, Schaible A, Henrich D, Zielen S, Schubert R. Oxidative stress-driven pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of human ataxia-telangiectasia. Redox Biol 2017; 14:645-655. [PMID: 29172151 PMCID: PMC5975220 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung failure is responsible for significant morbidity and is a frequent cause of death in ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). Disturbance in the redox balance of alveolar epithelial cells must be considered as a causal factor for respiratory disease in A-T. To investigate bronchoalveolar sensitivity to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-induced DNA damage, we used bleomycin (BLM) to induce experimental inflammation and fibrotic changes in the Atm-deficient mouse model. BLM or saline was administered by oropharyngeal instillation into the lung of Atm-deficient mice and wild-type mice. Mice underwent pulmonary function testing at days 0, 9, and 28, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was analysed for cell distribution and cytokines. Lung tissue was analysed by histochemistry. BLM administration resulted in a tremendous increase in lung inflammation and fibrotic changes in the lung tissue of Atm-deficient mice and was accompanied by irreversible deterioration of lung function. ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) deficiency resulted in reduced cell viability, a delay in the resolution of γH2AX expression and a significant increase in intracellular ROS in pulmonary epithelial cells after BLM treatment. This was confirmed in the human epithelial cell line A549 treated with the ATM-kinase inhibitor KU55933. Our results demonstrate high bronchoalveolar sensitivity to ROS and ROS-induced DNA damage in the Atm-deficient mouse model and support the hypothesis that ATM plays a pivotal role in the control of oxidative stress-driven lung inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Duecker
- Division for Allergy, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescence, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Patrick Baer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Olaf Eickmeier
- Division for Allergy, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescence, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Maja Strecker
- Division for Allergy, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescence, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Jennifer Kurz
- Division for Allergy, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescence, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Zielen
- Division for Allergy, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescence, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Ralf Schubert
- Division for Allergy, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescence, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Lleonart ME, Grodzicki R, Graifer DM, Lyakhovich A. Mitochondrial dysfunction and potential anticancer therapy. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:1275-1298. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Grodzicki
- Thomas Steitz Laboratory; Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Yale University; New Haven Connecticut
| | | | - Alex Lyakhovich
- Oncology Program; Vall D'Hebron Research Institute; Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk; Russia
- International Clinical Research Center and St. Anne's University Hospital Brno; Czech Republic
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Nowak J, Świątek-Kościelna B, Kałużna EM, Rembowska J, Dzikiewicz-Krawczyk A, Zawada M, Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska D. Effect of irradiation on DNA synthesis, NBN gene expression and chromosomal stability in cells with NBN mutations. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:283-292. [PMID: 28261280 PMCID: PMC5332466 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.65452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The NBN gene product is part of the MRE11/RAD50/NBN complex, which plays an essential role in genomic stability. In the study we try to answer the question what is the effect of irradiation on DNA synthesis, NBN gene expression and chromosomal stability in cells with homozygous c.657-661del, and heterozygous c.657-661del, p.I171V and p.R215W NBN gene mutations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Immortalized B-lymphocytes with NBN gene mutations were X-ray irradiated at doses of 1, 2, 5 and 8 Gy/min. Radioresistant DNA synthesis rate and the percentage of cells in phase S was analyzed by 3H thymidine and BrdU incorporation assays. NBN gene expression was quantified by real-time PCR with TaqMan fluorescent probe. RESULTS Increasing the irradiation dose resulted in gradual decrease of 3H thymidine incorporation in all cells, but significantly only in homo- and heterozygous c.657-661del cells (p-values < 0.0001). After irradiation the relative expression of NBN was significantly higher in homozygous c.657-661del and heterozygous p.R215W cells as compared to heterozygous c.657-661del, p.I171V and control cells (p < 0.01). All cells with NBN gene mutations showed significantly higher total number of chromosomal aberrations per metaphase as compared to control cells, with the highest number of aberrations in homozygous c.657-661del cells (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results obtained indicate that homozygous c.657-661del mutation affects cell sensitivity to irradiation. Moreover, homozygous variant is associated with disturbance in the activation of cell cycle checkpoints and with defects in DNA repair. In turn, heterozygous c.657-661del, p.R215W and p.I171V mutations do not substantially alter the radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Nowak
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bogna Świątek-Kościelna
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewelina M. Kałużna
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jolanta Rembowska
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Mariola Zawada
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Danuta Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Oxidative stress, mitochondrial abnormalities and antioxidant defense in Ataxia-telangiectasia, Bloom syndrome and Nijmegen breakage syndrome. Redox Biol 2016; 11:375-383. [PMID: 28063379 PMCID: PMC5219618 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare pleiotropic genetic disorders, Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), Bloom syndrome (BS) and Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) are characterised by immunodeficiency, extreme radiosensitivity, higher cancer susceptibility, premature aging, neurodegeneration and insulin resistance. Some of these functional abnormalities can be explained by aberrant DNA damage response and chromosomal instability. It has been suggested that one possible common denominator of these conditions could be chronic oxidative stress caused by endogenous ROS overproduction and impairment of mitochondrial homeostasis. Recent studies indicate new, alternative sources of oxidative stress in A-T, BS and NBS cells, including NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), oxidised low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) or Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP). Mitochondrial abnormalities such as changes in the ultrastructure and function of mitochondria, excess mROS production as well as mitochondrial damage have also been reported in A-T, BS and NBS cells. A-T, BS and NBS cells are inextricably linked to high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and thereby, chronic oxidative stress may be a major phenotypic hallmark in these diseases. Due to the presence of mitochondrial disturbances, A-T, BS and NBS may be considered mitochondrial diseases. Excess activity of antioxidant enzymes and an insufficient amount of low molecular weight antioxidants indicate new pharmacological strategies for patients suffering from the aforementioned diseases. However, at the current stage of research we are unable to ascertain if antioxidants and free radical scavengers can improve the condition or prolong the survival time of A-T, BS and NBS patients. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct experimental studies in a human model.
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Rotin LE, Gronda M, MacLean N, Hurren R, Wang X, Lin FH, Wrana J, Datti A, Barber DL, Minden MD, Slassi M, Schimmer AD. Ibrutinib synergizes with poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase inhibitors to induce cell death in AML cells via a BTK-independent mechanism. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2765-79. [PMID: 26624983 PMCID: PMC4823070 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) with the small molecule BTK inhibitor ibrutinib has significantly improved patient outcomes in several B-cell malignancies, with minimal toxicity. Given the reported expression and constitutive activation of BTK in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, there has been recent interest in investigating the anti-AML activity of ibrutinib. We noted that ibrutinib had limited single-agent toxicity in a panel of AML cell lines and primary AML samples, and therefore sought to identify ibrutinib-sensitizing drugs. Using a high-throughput combination chemical screen, we identified that the poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) inhibitor ethacridine lactate synergized with ibrutinib in TEX and OCI-AML2 leukemia cell lines. The combination of ibrutinib and ethacridine induced a synergistic increase in reactive oxygen species that was functionally important to explain the observed cell death. Interestingly, synergistic cytotoxicity of ibrutinib and ethacridine was independent of the inhibitory effect of ibrutinib against BTK, as knockdown of BTK did not sensitize TEX and OCI-AML2 cells to ethacridine treatment. Thus, our findings indicate that ibrutinib may have a BTK-independent role in AML and that PARG inhibitors may have utility as part of a combination therapy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianne E Rotin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcela Gronda
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neil MacLean
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rose Hurren
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - XiaoMing Wang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Feng-Hsu Lin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeff Wrana
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alessandro Datti
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Dwayne L Barber
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark D Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Aaron D Schimmer
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Mitochondrial dysfunction in DDR-related cancer predisposition syndromes. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2016; 1865:184-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Domagala P, Jakubowska A, Jaworska-Bieniek K, Kaczmarek K, Durda K, Kurlapska A, Cybulski C, Lubinski J. Prevalence of Germline Mutations in Genes Engaged in DNA Damage Repair by Homologous Recombination in Patients with Triple-Negative and Hereditary Non-Triple-Negative Breast Cancers. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130393. [PMID: 26083025 PMCID: PMC4471155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study sought to assess the prevalence of common germline mutations in several genes engaged in the repair of DNA double-strand break by homologous recombination in patients with triple-negative breast cancers and hereditary non-triple-negative breast cancers. Tumors deficient in this type of DNA damage repair are known to be especially sensitive to DNA cross-linking agents (e.g., platinum drugs) and to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Methods Genetic testing was performed for 36 common germline mutations in genes engaged in the repair of DNA by homologous recombination, i.e., BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, NBN, ATM, PALB2, BARD1, and RAD51D, in 202 consecutive patients with triple-negative breast cancers and hereditary non-triple-negative breast cancers. Results Thirty five (22.2%) of 158 patients in the triple-negative group carried mutations in genes involved in DNA repair by homologous recombination, while 10 (22.7%) of the 44 patients in the hereditary non-triple-negative group carried such mutations. Mutations in BRCA1 were most frequent in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (18.4%), and mutations in CHEK2 were most frequent in patients with hereditary non-triple-negative breast cancers (15.9%). In addition, in the triple-negative group, mutations in CHEK2, NBN, and ATM (3.8% combined) were found, while mutations in BRCA1, NBN, and PALB2 (6.8% combined) were identified in the hereditary non-triple-negative group. Conclusions Identifying mutations in genes engaged in DNA damage repair by homologous recombination other than BRCA1/2 can substantially increase the proportion of patients with triple-negative breast cancer and hereditary non-triple-negative breast cancer who may be eligible for therapy using PARP inhibitors and platinum drugs.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology
- Cohort Studies
- DNA Damage/genetics
- DNA Repair/genetics
- Female
- Genetic Testing
- Germ-Line Mutation/genetics
- Homologous Recombination
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Grading
- Poland/epidemiology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Domagala
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska-Bieniek
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kaczmarek
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kurlapska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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15
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Ruggieri S, Orsomando G, Sorci L, Raffaelli N. Regulation of NAD biosynthetic enzymes modulates NAD-sensing processes to shape mammalian cell physiology under varying biological cues. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2015; 1854:1138-49. [PMID: 25770681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In addition to its role as a redox coenzyme, NAD is a substrate of various enzymes that split the molecule to either catalyze covalent modifications of target proteins or convert NAD into biologically active metabolites. The coenzyme bioavailability may be significantly affected by these reactions, with ensuing major impact on energy metabolism, cell survival, and aging. Moreover, through the activity of the NAD-dependent deacetylating sirtuins, NAD behaves as a beacon molecule that reports the cell metabolic state, and accordingly modulates transcriptional responses and metabolic adaptations. In this view, NAD biosynthesis emerges as a highly regulated process: it enables cells to preserve NAD homeostasis in response to significant NAD-consuming events and it can be modulated by various stimuli to induce, via NAD level changes, suitable NAD-mediated metabolic responses. Here we review the current knowledge on the regulation of mammalian NAD biosynthesis, with focus on the relevant rate-limiting enzymes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cofactor-dependent proteins: evolution, chemical diversity and bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silverio Ruggieri
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Orsomando
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sorci
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nadia Raffaelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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16
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Cilli D, Mirasole C, Pennisi R, Pallotta V, D'Alessandro A, Antoccia A, Zolla L, Ascenzi P, di Masi A. Identification of the interactors of human nibrin (NBN) and of its 26 kDa and 70 kDa fragments arising from the NBN 657del5 founder mutation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114651. [PMID: 25485873 PMCID: PMC4259352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nibrin (also named NBN or NBS1) is a component of the MRE11/RAD50/NBN complex, which is involved in early steps of DNA double strand breaks sensing and repair. Mutations within the NBN gene are responsible for the Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS). The 90% of NBS patients are homozygous for the 657del5 mutation, which determines the synthesis of two truncated proteins of 26 kDa (p26) and 70 kDa (p70). Here, HEK293 cells have been exploited to transiently express either the full-length NBN protein or the p26 or p70 fragments, followed by affinity chromatography enrichment of the eluates. The application of an unsupervised proteomics approach, based upon SDS-PAGE separation and shotgun digestion of protein bands followed by MS/MS protein identification, indicates the occurrence of previously unreported protein interacting partners of the full-length NBN protein and the p26 fragment containing the FHA/BRCT1 domains, especially after cell irradiation. In particular, results obtained shed light on new possible roles of NBN and of the p26 fragment in ROS scavenging, in the DNA damage response, and in protein folding and degradation. In particular, here we show that p26 interacts with PARP1 after irradiation, and this interaction exerts an inhibitory effect on PARP1 activity as measured by NAD+ levels. Furthermore, the p26-PARP1 interaction seems to be responsible for the persistence of ROS, and in turn of DSBs, at 24 h from IR. Since some of the newly identified interactors of the p26 and p70 fragments have not been found to interact with the full-length NBN, these interactions may somehow contribute to the key biological phenomena underpinning NBS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristiana Mirasole
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Rosa Pennisi
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Pallotta
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Antonio Antoccia
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi – Consorzio Interuniversitario, Rome, Italy
| | - Lello Zolla
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi – Consorzio Interuniversitario, Rome, Italy
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi – Consorzio Interuniversitario, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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17
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Schröder-Heurich B, Bogdanova N, Wieland B, Xie X, Noskowicz M, Park-Simon TW, Hillemanns P, Christiansen H, Dörk T. Functional deficiency of NBN, the Nijmegen breakage syndrome protein, in a p.R215W mutant breast cancer cell line. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:434. [PMID: 24928521 PMCID: PMC4085727 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations in NBN, the gene for Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome (NBS), are thought to predispose women to developing breast cancer, but a breast cancer cell line containing mutations in NBN has not yet been described. The p.R215W missense mutation occurs at sub-polymorphic frequencies in several populations. We aimed to investigate its functional impact in breast cancer cells from a carrier of this NBN mutation. Methods Breast cancer cell lines were screened by immunoblotting for NBN protein levels, and the NBN coding region was sequenced for mutation analysis. Radiosensitivity assays and functional studies were performed through immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting, and flow cytometry was employed to assess cell cycle progression. Impedance measurements were used to study the consequences of PARP1 inhibition. Statistical comparisons between cell lines were performed using t-tests. Results HCC1395 breast cancer cells exhibited reduced NBN protein levels. Direct sequencing identified the NBN p.R215W mutation in the hemizygous state, in addition to a truncation in BRCA1. Mutations in both genes were already present in the heterozygous state in the patient’s germline. HCC1395 cells were highly radiosensitive, susceptible to apoptosis and were deficient in the formation of NBN foci. There was also evidence for some impairment in the formation of γH2AX, MDC1, and 53BP1 foci after irradiation; these foci appeared smaller and irregular compared with repair foci in wild-type cells, although ATM signalling was largely unaffected. In line with their deficiency in NBN and BRCA1, HCC1395 cells were particularly sensitive to PARP1 inhibition. Conclusion Our results indicate that the p.R215W mutation in the HCC1395 breast cancer cell line impairs NBN function, making this cell line a potentially useful cellular model for studying defective NBN protein within a mutant BRCA1 background.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thilo Dörk
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
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18
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Pagano G, Aiello Talamanca A, Castello G, Cordero MD, d'Ischia M, Gadaleta MN, Pallardó FV, Petrović S, Tiano L, Zatterale A. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction across broad-ranging pathologies: toward mitochondria-targeted clinical strategies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:541230. [PMID: 24876913 PMCID: PMC4024404 DOI: 10.1155/2014/541230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Beyond the disorders recognized as mitochondrial diseases, abnormalities in function and/or ultrastructure of mitochondria have been reported in several unrelated pathologies. These encompass ageing, malformations, and a number of genetic or acquired diseases, as diabetes and cardiologic, haematologic, organ-specific (e.g., eye or liver), neurologic and psychiatric, autoimmune, and dermatologic disorders. The mechanistic grounds for mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) along with the occurrence of oxidative stress (OS) have been investigated within the pathogenesis of individual disorders or in groups of interrelated disorders. We attempt to review broad-ranging pathologies that involve mitochondrial-specific deficiencies or rely on cytosol-derived prooxidant states or on autoimmune-induced mitochondrial damage. The established knowledge in these subjects warrants studies aimed at elucidating several open questions that are highlighted in the present review. The relevance of OS and MDF in different pathologies may establish the grounds for chemoprevention trials aimed at compensating OS/MDF by means of antioxidants and mitochondrial nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pagano
- Cancer Research Centre at Mercogliano (CROM), Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale-IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Aiello Talamanca
- Cancer Research Centre at Mercogliano (CROM), Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale-IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castello
- Cancer Research Centre at Mercogliano (CROM), Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale-IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario D. Cordero
- Research Laboratory, Dental School, Sevilla University, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marco d'Ischia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II University, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Nicola Gadaleta
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Sandra Petrović
- “Vinca” Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Clinical and Dental Sciences, Polytechnical University of Marche, 60100 Ancona, Italy
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19
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Batra V, Kislay B. Mitigation of gamma-radiation induced abasic sites in genomic DNA by dietary nicotinamide supplementation: metabolic up-regulation of NAD(+) biosynthesis. Mutat Res 2013; 749:28-38. [PMID: 23891603 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The search for non-toxic radio-protective drugs has yielded many potential agents but most of these compounds have certain amount of toxicity. The objective of the present study was to investigate dietary nicotinamide enrichment dependent adaptive response to potential cytotoxic effect of (60)Co γ-radiation. To elucidate the possible underlying mechanism(s), male Swiss mice were maintained on control diet (CD) and nicotinamide supplemented diet (NSD). After 6 weeks of CD and NSD dietary regimen, we exposed the animals to γ-radiation (2, 4 and 6Gy) and investigated the profile of downstream metabolites and activities of enzymes involved in NAD(+) biosynthesis. Increased activities of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT) were observed up to 48h post-irradiation in NSD fed irradiated mice. Concomitant with increase in liver NAMPT and NMNAT activities, NAD(+) levels were replenished in NSD fed and irradiated animals. However, NAMPT and NMNAT-mediated NAD(+) biosynthesis and ATP levels were severely compromised in liver of CD fed irradiated mice. Another major finding of these studies revealed that under γ-radiation stress, dietary nicotinamide supplementation might induce higher and long-lasting poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) and poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) activities in NSD fed animals compared to CD fed animals. To investigate liver DNA damage, number of apurinic/apyrimidinic sites (AP sites) and level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) residues were quantified. A significant increase in liver DNA AP sites and 8-oxo-dG levels with concomitant increase in caspase-3 was observed in CD fed and irradiated animals compared to NSD fed and irradiated mice. In conclusion present studies show that under γ-radiation stress conditions, dietary nicotinamide supplementation restores DNA excision repair activity via prolonged activation of PARP1 and PARG activities. Present results clearly indicated that hepatic NAD(+) replenishment might be a novel and potent approach to reduce radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipen Batra
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
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20
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Kobayashi GS, Alvizi L, Sunaga DY, Francis-West P, Kuta A, Almada BVP, Ferreira SG, de Andrade-Lima LC, Bueno DF, Raposo-Amaral CE, Menck CF, Passos-Bueno MR. Susceptibility to DNA damage as a molecular mechanism for non-syndromic cleft lip and palate. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65677. [PMID: 23776525 PMCID: PMC3680497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic cleft lip/palate (NSCL/P) is a complex, frequent congenital malformation, determined by the interplay between genetic and environmental factors during embryonic development. Previous findings have appointed an aetiological overlap between NSCL/P and cancer, and alterations in similar biological pathways may underpin both conditions. Here, using a combination of transcriptomic profiling and functional approaches, we report that NSCL/P dental pulp stem cells exhibit dysregulation of a co-expressed gene network mainly associated with DNA double-strand break repair and cell cycle control (p = 2.88×10(-2)-5.02×10(-9)). This network included important genes for these cellular processes, such as BRCA1, RAD51, and MSH2, which are predicted to be regulated by transcription factor E2F1. Functional assays support these findings, revealing that NSCL/P cells accumulate DNA double-strand breaks upon exposure to H2O2. Furthermore, we show that E2f1, Brca1 and Rad51 are co-expressed in the developing embryonic orofacial primordia, and may act as a molecular hub playing a role in lip and palate morphogenesis. In conclusion, we show for the first time that cellular defences against DNA damage may take part in determining the susceptibility to NSCL/P. These results are in accordance with the hypothesis of aetiological overlap between this malformation and cancer, and suggest a new pathogenic mechanism for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Shigeru Kobayashi
- Human Genome Research Center, Institute for Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Alvizi
- Human Genome Research Center, Institute for Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele Yumi Sunaga
- Human Genome Research Center, Institute for Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Philippa Francis-West
- Dental Institute, Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Kuta
- Dental Institute, Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simone Gomes Ferreira
- Human Genome Research Center, Institute for Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Franco Bueno
- Human Genome Research Center, Institute for Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- SOBRAPAR Institute, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Rita Passos-Bueno
- Human Genome Research Center, Institute for Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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21
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Bürkle A, Virág L. Poly(ADP-ribose): PARadigms and PARadoxes. Mol Aspects Med 2013; 34:1046-65. [PMID: 23290998 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a posttranslational protein modification (PTM) catalyzed by members of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzyme family. PARPs use NAD(+) as substrate and upon cleaving off nicotinamide they transfer the ADP-ribosyl moiety covalently to suitable acceptor proteins and elongate the chain by adding further ADP-ribose units to create a branched polymer, termed poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), which is rapidly degraded by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) and ADP-ribosylhydrolase 3 (ARH3). In recent years several key discoveries changed the way we look at the biological roles and mode of operation of PARylation. These paradigm shifts include but are not limited to (1) a single PARP enzyme expanding to a PARP family; (2) DNA-break dependent activation extended to several other DNA dependent and independent PARP-activation mechanisms; (3) one molecular mechanism (covalent PARylation of target proteins) underlying the biological effect of PARPs is now complemented by several other mechanisms such as protein-protein interactions, PAR signaling, modulation of NAD(+) pools and (4) one principal biological role in DNA damage sensing expanded to numerous, diverse biological functions identifying PARP-1 as a real moonlighting protein. Here we review the most important paradigm shifts in PARylation research and also highlight some of the many controversial issues (or paradoxes) of the field such as (1) the mostly synergistic and not antagonistic biological effects of PARP-1 and PARG; (2) mitochondrial PARylation and PAR decomposition, (3) the cross-talk between PARylation and signaling pathways (protein kinases, phosphatases, calcium) and the (4) divergent roles of PARP/PARylation in longevity and in age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bürkle
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
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22
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Furtado C, Kunrath-Lima M, Rajão MA, Mendes IC, de Moura MB, Campos PC, Macedo AM, Franco GR, Pena SDJ, Teixeira SMR, Van Houten B, Machado CR. Functional characterization of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase of Trypanosoma cruzi. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42484. [PMID: 22876325 PMCID: PMC3411635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidative lesion 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) is removed during base excision repair by the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (Ogg1). This lesion can erroneously pair with adenine, and the excision of this damaged base by Ogg1 enables the insertion of a guanine and prevents DNA mutation. In this report, we identified and characterized Ogg1 from the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi (TcOgg1), the causative agent of Chagas disease. Like most living organisms, T. cruzi is susceptible to oxidative stress, hence DNA repair is essential for its survival and improvement of infection. We verified that the TcOGG1 gene encodes an 8-oxoG DNA glycosylase by complementing an Ogg1-defective Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. Heterologous expression of TcOGG1 reestablished the mutation frequency of the yeast mutant ogg1(-/-) (CD138) to wild type levels. We also demonstrate that the overexpression of TcOGG1 increases T. cruzi sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). Analysis of DNA lesions using quantitative PCR suggests that the increased susceptibility to H(2)O(2) of TcOGG1-overexpressor could be a consequence of uncoupled BER in abasic sites and/or strand breaks generated after TcOgg1 removes 8-oxoG, which are not rapidly repaired by the subsequent BER enzymes. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that TcOGG1-overexpressors have reduced levels of 8-oxoG both in the nucleus and in the parasite mitochondrion. The localization of TcOgg1 was examined in parasite transfected with a TcOgg1-GFP fusion, which confirmed that this enzyme is in both organelles. Taken together, our data indicate that T. cruzi has a functional Ogg1 ortholog that participates in nuclear and mitochondrial BER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Furtado
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marianna Kunrath-Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Matheus Andrade Rajão
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isabela Cecília Mendes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Michelle Barbi de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Priscila Carneiro Campos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andrea Mara Macedo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glória Regina Franco
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Danilo Junho Pena
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Santuza Maria Ribeiro Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bennett Van Houten
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Carlos Renato Machado
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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