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Kahnt AS, Häfner AK, Steinhilber D. The role of human 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) in carcinogenesis - a question of canonical and non-canonical functions. Oncogene 2024; 43:1319-1327. [PMID: 38575760 PMCID: PMC11065698 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO), a fatty acid oxygenase, is the central enzyme in leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis, potent arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators released by innate immune cells, that control inflammatory and allergic responses. In addition, through interaction with 12- and 15-lipoxgenases, the enzyme is involved in the formation of omega-3 fatty acid-based oxylipins, which are thought to be involved in the resolution of inflammation. The expression of 5-LO is frequently deregulated in solid and liquid tumors, and there is strong evidence that the enzyme plays an important role in carcinogenesis. However, global inhibition of LT formation and signaling has not yet shown the desired success in clinical trials. Curiously, the release of 5-LO-derived lipid mediators from tumor cells is often low, and the exact mechanism by which 5-LO influences tumor cell function is poorly understood. Recent data now show that in addition to releasing oxylipins, 5-LO can also influence gene expression in a lipid mediator-independent manner. These non-canonical functions, including modulation of miRNA processing and transcription factor shuttling, most likely influence cancer cell function and the tumor microenvironment and might explain the low clinical efficacy of pharmacological strategies that previously only targeted oxylipin formation and signaling by 5-LO. This review summarizes the canonical and non-canonical functions of 5-LO with a particular focus on tumorigenesis, highlights unresolved issues, and suggests future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid S Kahnt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Ann-Kathrin Häfner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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2
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Parveen M, Karaosmanoglu B, Sucularli C, Uner A, Taskiran EZ, Esendagli G. Acquired immune resistance is associated with interferon signature and modulation of KLF6/c-MYB transcription factors in myeloid leukemia. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350717. [PMID: 38462943 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Resistance to immunity is associated with the selection of cancer cells with superior capacities to survive inflammatory reactions. Here, we tailored an ex vivo immune selection model for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and isolated the residual subpopulations as "immune-experienced" AML (ieAML) cells. We confirmed that upon surviving the immune reactions, the malignant blasts frequently decelerated proliferation, displayed features of myeloid differentiation and activation, and lost immunogenicity. Transcriptomic analyses revealed a limited number of commonly altered pathways and differentially expressed genes in all ieAML cells derived from distinct parental cell lines. Molecular signatures predominantly associated with interferon and inflammatory cytokine signaling were enriched in the AML cells resisting the T-cell-mediated immune reactions. Moreover, the expression and nuclear localization of the transcription factors c-MYB and KLF6 were noted as the putative markers for immune resistance and identified in subpopulations of AML blasts in the patients' bone marrow aspirates. The immune modulatory capacities of ieAML cells lasted for a restricted period when the immune selection pressure was omitted. In conclusion, myeloid leukemia cells harbor subpopulations that can adapt to the harsh conditions established by immune reactions, and a previous "immune experience" is marked with IFN signature and may pave the way for susceptibility to immune intervention therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubaida Parveen
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Beren Karaosmanoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ceren Sucularli
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Aysegul Uner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ekim Z Taskiran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
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3
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Kypraios A, Bennour J, Imbert V, David L, Calvo J, Pflumio F, Bonnet R, Couralet M, Magnone V, Lebrigand K, Barbry P, Rohrlich PS, Peyron JF. Identifying Candidate Gene Drivers Associated with Relapse in Pediatric T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Using a Gene Co-Expression Network Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1667. [PMID: 38730619 PMCID: PMC11083586 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pediatric T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) relapses are still associated with a dismal outcome, justifying the search for new therapeutic targets and relapse biomarkers. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data from three paired samples of pediatric T-ALL at diagnosis and relapse, we first conducted a high-dimensional weighted gene co-expression network analysis (hdWGCNA). This analysis highlighted several gene co-expression networks (GCNs) and identified relapse-associated hub genes, which are considered potential driver genes. Shared relapse-expressed genes were found to be related to antigen presentation (HLA, B2M), cytoskeleton remodeling (TUBB, TUBA1B), translation (ribosomal proteins, EIF1, EEF1B2), immune responses (MIF, EMP3), stress responses (UBC, HSP90AB1/AA1), metabolism (FTH1, NME1/2, ARCL4C), and transcriptional remodeling (NF-κB family genes, FOS-JUN, KLF2, or KLF6). We then utilized sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis to select from a pool of 481 unique leukemic hub genes, which are the genes most discriminant between diagnosis and relapse states (comprising 44, 35, and 31 genes, respectively, for each patient). Applying a Cox regression method to these patient-specific genes, along with transcriptomic and clinical data from the TARGET-ALL AALL0434 cohort, we generated three model gene signatures that efficiently identified relapsed patients within the cohort. Overall, our approach identified new potential relapse-associated genes and proposed three model gene signatures associated with lower survival rates for high-score patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Kypraios
- Université Côte d’Azur, Inserm C3M, 06200 Nice, France (V.I.); (L.D.); (R.B.); (P.S.R.)
- Team#4: “Fundamental to Translational Research on Dysregulated Hematopoiesis—DysHema”, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire-C3M-Inserm U1065, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, 151 Route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, CEDEX 3, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Juba Bennour
- Université Côte d’Azur, Inserm C3M, 06200 Nice, France (V.I.); (L.D.); (R.B.); (P.S.R.)
- Team#4: “Fundamental to Translational Research on Dysregulated Hematopoiesis—DysHema”, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire-C3M-Inserm U1065, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, 151 Route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, CEDEX 3, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Véronique Imbert
- Université Côte d’Azur, Inserm C3M, 06200 Nice, France (V.I.); (L.D.); (R.B.); (P.S.R.)
- Team#4: “Fundamental to Translational Research on Dysregulated Hematopoiesis—DysHema”, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire-C3M-Inserm U1065, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, 151 Route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, CEDEX 3, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Léa David
- Université Côte d’Azur, Inserm C3M, 06200 Nice, France (V.I.); (L.D.); (R.B.); (P.S.R.)
- Team#4: “Fundamental to Translational Research on Dysregulated Hematopoiesis—DysHema”, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire-C3M-Inserm U1065, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, 151 Route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, CEDEX 3, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Julien Calvo
- Team#4: “Fundamental to Translational Research on Dysregulated Hematopoiesis—DysHema”, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire-C3M-Inserm U1065, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, 151 Route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, CEDEX 3, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Françoise Pflumio
- Team#4: “Fundamental to Translational Research on Dysregulated Hematopoiesis—DysHema”, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire-C3M-Inserm U1065, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, 151 Route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, CEDEX 3, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Raphaël Bonnet
- Université Côte d’Azur, Inserm C3M, 06200 Nice, France (V.I.); (L.D.); (R.B.); (P.S.R.)
- Team#4: “Fundamental to Translational Research on Dysregulated Hematopoiesis—DysHema”, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire-C3M-Inserm U1065, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, 151 Route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, CEDEX 3, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Marie Couralet
- Université de Paris, Inserm, CEA, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, 06560 Valbonne, France; (M.C.); (V.M.); (K.L.)
| | - Virginie Magnone
- Université de Paris, Inserm, CEA, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, 06560 Valbonne, France; (M.C.); (V.M.); (K.L.)
| | - Kevin Lebrigand
- Université de Paris, Inserm, CEA, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, 06560 Valbonne, France; (M.C.); (V.M.); (K.L.)
| | - Pascal Barbry
- Université Côte d’Azur, Inserm C3M, 06200 Nice, France (V.I.); (L.D.); (R.B.); (P.S.R.)
- Team#4: “Fundamental to Translational Research on Dysregulated Hematopoiesis—DysHema”, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire-C3M-Inserm U1065, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, 151 Route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, CEDEX 3, 06204 Nice, France
- CHU de Nice, Hôpital de l’Archet, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Pierre S. Rohrlich
- Université Côte d’Azur, Inserm C3M, 06200 Nice, France (V.I.); (L.D.); (R.B.); (P.S.R.)
- Team#4: “Fundamental to Translational Research on Dysregulated Hematopoiesis—DysHema”, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire-C3M-Inserm U1065, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, 151 Route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, CEDEX 3, 06204 Nice, France
- CHU de Nice, Hôpital de l’Archet, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Jean-François Peyron
- Université Côte d’Azur, Inserm C3M, 06200 Nice, France (V.I.); (L.D.); (R.B.); (P.S.R.)
- CHU de Nice, Hôpital de l’Archet, 06000 Nice, France
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Krüppel-like Factor 6 Suppresses the Progression of Pancreatic Cancer by Upregulating Activating Transcription Factor 3. J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010200. [PMID: 36615000 PMCID: PMC9821328 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a member of the Krüppel-like factor (KLFs) family, Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) plays a critical role in regulating key cellular functions. Presently, scholars have proved the important role of KLF6 in the tumorigenesis of certain cancers through a large number of experiments. However, gaps still remain in our knowledge of the role of KLF6 in pancreatic cancer (PAAD). Therefore, this paper mainly investigates the role of KLF6 in the progression of pancreatic cancer. METHODS The expression pattern of KLF6 in pancreatic cancer was explored in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines. Then, we investigated the prognostic value of KLF6 in pancreatic cancer by immunohistochemical assays. Next, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and clone information assays were employed to explore the proliferation of PAAD affected by KLF6. The metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) abilities affected by KLF6 were identified through transwell invasion as well as migration assays and western blots. Finally, the TRRUST tool was used to analyze the potential targeted genes of KLF6. The results were verified by Quantificational Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot and rescue assays. RESULTS KLF6 expresses lowly in pancreatic cancer compared to corresponding normal tissues and relates to poor survival times. Overexpression of KLF6 inhibits the proliferation, metastasis, and EMT progression in pancreatic cancer cells. Further studies suggest that KLF6 could upregulate ATF3 in PAAD. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that KLF6 can be a useful factor in predicting the prognosis of PAAD patients and that it inhibits the progression of pancreatic cancer by upregulating activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3).
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Ueda T, Kanai A, Komuro A, Amano H, Ota K, Honda M, Kawazu M, Okada H. KDM4B promotes acute myeloid leukemia associated with AML1-ETO by regulating chromatin accessibility. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:1020-1033. [PMID: 34938963 PMCID: PMC8664044 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations of chromatin structure affect chromatin accessibility and collaborate with genetic alterations in the development of cancer. Lysine demethylase 4B (KDM4B) has been identified as a JmjC domain-containing epigenetic modifier that possesses histone demethylase activity. Although recent studies have demonstrated that KDM4B positively regulates the pathogenesis of multiple types of solid tumors, the tissue specificity and context dependency have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated gene expression profiles established from clinical samples and found that KDM4B is elevated specifically in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) associated with chromosomal translocation 8;21 [t(8;21)], which results in a fusion of the AML1 and the eight-twenty-one (ETO) genes to generate a leukemia oncogene, AML1-ETO fusion transcription factor. Short hairpin RNA-mediated KDM4B silencing significantly reduced cell proliferation in t(8;21)-positive AML cell lines. Meanwhile, KDM4B silencing suppressed the expression of AML1-ETO-inducible genes, and consistently perturbed chromatin accessibility of AML1-ETO-binding sites involving altered active enhancer marks and functional cis-regulatory elements. Notably, transduction of murine KDM4B orthologue mutants followed by KDM4B silencing demonstrated a requirement of methylated-histone binding modules for a proliferative surge. To address the role of KDM4B in leukemia development, we further generated and analyzed Kdm4b conditional knockout mice. As a result, Kdm4b deficiency attenuated clonogenic potential mediated by AML1-ETO and delayed leukemia progression in vivo. Thus, our results highlight a tumor-promoting role of KDM4B in AML associated with t(8;21).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ueda
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
- Graduate School of Medical SciencesKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Akinori Kanai
- Department of Molecular OncologyResearch Institute for Radiation Biology and MedicineHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Akiyoshi Komuro
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Hisayuki Amano
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Kazushige Ota
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Masahiko Honda
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Masahito Kawazu
- Division of Cellular SignalingNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Hitoshi Okada
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
- Graduate School of Medical SciencesKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
- Anti‐Aging CenterKindai UniversityHigashi‐OsakaJapan
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6
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Predictive value of transcriptional expression of Krüppel-like factor-6 (KLF6) in head and neck carcinoma patients treated with radiotherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:2507-2512. [PMID: 34061320 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyse the relationship between the transcriptional expression of Krüppel-like factor-6 (KLF6) and local response to treatment with radiotherapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS We determined the transcriptional expression of KLF6 in tumour biopsies obtained before treatment with radiotherapy in 83 HNSCC patients. The KLF6 expression was categorized according to the local control of the disease with a recursive partitioning analysis. RESULTS During the follow-up period, 27 patients (32.5%) had a local recurrence of the tumour. Patients with local recurrence had significantly higher levels of KLF6 expression than patients in which radiotherapy achieved local control of the disease (P = 0.029). Five-year local recurrence-free survival for patients with a high transcriptional expression of KLF6 (n = 46) was 51.1% (95% CI 36.4-66.2%), and for patients with low expression it was 85.6% (95% CI 73.9-97.3%) (P = 0.0001). The results of a multivariate analysis showed that patients with a high KLF6 expression had a 3.8 times higher risk of local recurrence after treatment with radiotherapy (95% CI 1.4-10.5, P = 0.008). CONCLUSION Transcriptional expression of KLF6 was significantly related to local control in HNSCC patients treated with radiotherapy. Patients with high levels of KLF6 expression had a significantly higher risk of local recurrence after treatment.
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7
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Du J, He H, Li Z, He J, Bai Z, Liu B, Lan Y. Integrative transcriptomic analysis of developing hematopoietic stem cells in human and mouse at single-cell resolution. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 558:161-167. [PMID: 33930817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current understanding of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) development comes from mouse models is considered to be evolutionarily conserved in human. However, the cross-species comparison of the transcriptomic profiles of developmental HSCs at single-cell level is still lacking. Here, we performed integrative transcriptomic analysis of a series of key cell populations during HSC development in human and mouse, including HSC-primed hemogenic endothelial cells and pre-HSCs in mid-gestational aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region, and mature HSCs in fetal liver and adult bone marrow. We demonstrated the general similarity of transcriptomic characteristics between corresponding cell populations of the two species. Of note, one of the previously transcriptomically defined hematopoietic stem progenitor cell (HSPC) populations with certain arterial characteristics in AGM region of human embryos showed close transcriptomic similarity to pre-HSCs in mouse embryos. On the other hand, the other two HSPC populations in human AGM region displayed molecular similarity with fetal liver HSPCs, suggesting the maturation in AGM before HSCs colonizing the fetal liver in human, which was different to that in mouse. Finally, we re-clustered cells based on the integrated dataset and illustrated the evolutionarily conserved molecular signatures of major cell populations. Our results revealed transcriptomic conservation of critical cell populations and molecular characteristics during HSC development between human and mouse, providing a resource and theoretic basis for future studies on mammalian HSC development and regeneration by using mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Du
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Han He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zongcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhijie Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
| | - Yu Lan
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
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8
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Johnson DT, Davis AG, Zhou JH, Ball ED, Zhang DE. MicroRNA let-7b downregulates AML1-ETO oncogene expression in t(8;21) AML by targeting its 3'UTR. Exp Hematol Oncol 2021; 10:8. [PMID: 33531067 PMCID: PMC7856722 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-021-00204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the t(8;21)(q22;q22) chromosomal translocation is among the most common subtypes of AML and produces the AML1-ETO (RUNX1-ETO, RUNX1-RUNX1T1) oncogenic fusion gene. AML1-ETO functions as an aberrant transcription factor which plays a key role in blocking normal hematopoiesis. Thus, the expression of AML1-ETO is critical to t(8;21) AML leukemogenesis and maintenance. Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is often mediated through interactions between trans-factors and cis-elements within transcript 3′-untranslated regions (UTR). AML1-ETO uses the 3′UTR of the ETO gene, which is not normally expressed in hematopoietic cells. Therefore, the mechanisms regulating AML1-ETO expression via the 3’UTR are attractive therapeutic targets. Methods We used RNA-sequencing of t(8;21) patients and cell lines to examine the 3′UTR isoforms used by AML1-ETO transcripts. Using luciferase assay approaches, we test the relative contribution of 3′UTR cis elements to AML1-ETO expression. We further use let-7b microRNA mimics and anti-let-7b sponges for functional studies of t(8;21) AML cell lines. Results In this study, we examine the regulation of AML1-ETO via the 3’UTR. We demonstrate that AML1-ETO transcripts primarily use a 3.7 kb isoform of the ETO 3′UTR in both t(8;21) patients and cell lines. We identify a negative regulatory element within the AML1-ETO 3′UTR. We further demonstrate that the let-7b microRNA directly represses AML1-ETO through this site. Finally, we find that let-7b inhibits the proliferation of t(8;21) AML cell lines, rescues expression of AML1-ETO target genes, and promotes differentiation. Conclusions AML1-ETO is post-transcriptionally regulated by let-7b, which contributes to the leukemic phenotype of t(8;21) AML and may be important for t(8;21) leukemogenesis and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Johnson
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Amanda G Davis
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jie-Hua Zhou
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,BMT Division, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Edward D Ball
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,BMT Division, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dong-Er Zhang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Uebbing S, Kreiß M, Scholl F, Häfner AK, Sürün D, Garscha U, Werz O, Basavarajappa D, Samuelsson B, Rådmark O, Suess B, Steinhilber D. Modulation of microRNA processing by 5-lipoxygenase. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21193. [PMID: 33205517 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002108r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The miRNA biogenesis is tightly regulated to avoid dysfunction and consequent disease development. Here, we describe modulation of miRNA processing as a novel noncanonical function of the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) enzyme in monocytic cells. In differentiated Mono Mac 6 (MM6) cells, we found an in situ interaction of 5-LO with Dicer, a key enzyme in miRNA biogenesis. RNA sequencing of small noncoding RNAs revealed a functional impact, knockout of 5-LO altered the expression profile of several miRNAs. Effects of 5-LO could be observed at two levels. qPCR analyses thus indicated that (a) 5-LO promotes the transcription of the evolutionarily conserved miR-99b/let-7e/miR-125a cluster and (b) the 5-LO-Dicer interaction downregulates the processing of pre-let-7e, resulting in an increase in miR-125a and miR-99b levels by 5-LO without concomitant changes in let-7e levels in differentiated MM6 cells. Our observations suggest that 5-LO regulates the miRNA profile by modulating the Dicer-mediated processing of distinct pre-miRNAs. 5-LO inhibits the formation of let-7e which is a well-known inducer of cell differentiation, but promotes the generation of miR-99b and miR-125a known to induce cell proliferation and the maintenance of leukemic stem cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Uebbing
- Department of Biology, Technical University, Darmstadt, Germany.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marius Kreiß
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Friederike Scholl
- Department of Biology, Technical University, Darmstadt, Germany.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Kathrin Häfner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Duran Sürün
- Medical Systems Biology, UCC, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Devaraj Basavarajappa
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Samuelsson
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Rådmark
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Beatrix Suess
- Department of Biology, Technical University, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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10
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Syafruddin SE, Mohtar MA, Wan Mohamad Nazarie WF, Low TY. Two Sides of the Same Coin: The Roles of KLF6 in Physiology and Pathophysiology. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101378. [PMID: 32998281 PMCID: PMC7601070 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) family of proteins control several key biological processes that include proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, apoptosis and inflammation. Dysregulation of KLF functions have been shown to disrupt cellular homeostasis and contribute to disease development. KLF6 is a relevant example; a range of functional and expression assays suggested that the dysregulation of KLF6 contributes to the onset of cancer, inflammation-associated diseases as well as cardiovascular diseases. KLF6 expression is either suppressed or elevated depending on the disease, and this is largely due to alternative splicing events producing KLF6 isoforms with specialised functions. Hence, the aim of this review is to discuss the known aspects of KLF6 biology that covers the gene and protein architecture, gene regulation, post-translational modifications and functions of KLF6 in health and diseases. We put special emphasis on the equivocal roles of its full-length and spliced variants. We also deliberate on the therapeutic strategies of KLF6 and its associated signalling pathways. Finally, we provide compelling basic and clinical questions to enhance the knowledge and research on elucidating the roles of KLF6 in physiological and pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful E. Syafruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.A.M.); (T.Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-9145-9040
| | - M. Aiman Mohtar
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.A.M.); (T.Y.L.)
| | - Wan Fahmi Wan Mohamad Nazarie
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia;
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.A.M.); (T.Y.L.)
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11
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Poirier SJ, Boudreau LH, Flamand N, Surette ME. LPS induces ALOX5 promoter activation and 5-lipoxygenase expression in human monocytic cells. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 154:102078. [PMID: 32120263 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), coded by the ALOX5 gene, is expressed in leukocytes and catalyzes the formation of leukotrienes, pro-inflammatory lipid mediators. Leukotrienes are central to immune responses, but are also involved in inflammatory disorders and 5-LO expression is associated with leukemia stem cell survival. It is therefore important to understand mechanisms that control 5-LO expression. This study investigated the control of 5-LO expression and leukotriene biosynthesis following the maturation of human monocytic cells. MonoMac-1 (MM1) and THP-1 cells were incubated for up to 72 h with or without LPS and TGF-β. LPS, but not TGF-β, increased CD14 expression in both MM1 and THP-1 cells. Incubation with LPS (100 ng/ml) and TGF-β (1 ng/ml) synergistically increased the capacity of MM1 cells to produce 5-LO products from undetectable levels to 40±5 pmol/106 cells. 5-LO product biosynthesis in THP-1 cells increased 25-fold. A synergistic effect of LPS and TGF-β was measured with increases in 5-LO mRNA of 54- and 13-fold in MM1 and THP-1 cells, respectively. 5-LO protein expression increased significantly in both MM1 and THP-1 cells. ALOX5 promoter activity was significantly elevated >2-fold in both cell lines following LPS treatment, but TGF-β was without effect. The main 5-LO products were cysteinyl-leukotrienes, however LPS and TGF-β did not impact on the capacity of the cells to metabolize leukotriene A4. Overall, this study demonstrates that receptor-mediated stimulation of MM1 and THP-1 cells by LPS is associated with increased 5-LO expression. This represents a new mechanism by which leukotriene biosynthesis can be modulated by pathological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Poirier
- Département de chimie et biochimie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada; Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Département de médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Luc H Boudreau
- Département de chimie et biochimie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Département de médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Marc E Surette
- Département de chimie et biochimie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada.
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12
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The RUNX1-ETO target gene RASSF2 suppresses t(8;21) AML development and regulates Rac GTPase signaling. Blood Cancer J 2020; 10:16. [PMID: 32029705 PMCID: PMC7005177 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-020-0282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale chromosomal translocations are frequent oncogenic drivers in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These translocations often occur in critical transcriptional/epigenetic regulators and contribute to malignant cell growth through alteration of normal gene expression. Despite this knowledge, the specific gene expression alterations that contribute to the development of leukemia remain incompletely understood. Here, through characterization of transcriptional regulation by the RUNX1-ETO fusion protein, we have identified Ras-association domain family member 2 (RASSF2) as a critical gene that is aberrantly transcriptionally repressed in t(8;21)-associated AML. Re-expression of RASSF2 specifically inhibits t(8;21) AML development in multiple models. Through biochemical and functional studies, we demonstrate RASSF2-mediated functions to be dependent on interaction with Hippo kinases, MST1 and MST2, but independent of canonical Hippo pathway signaling. Using proximity-based biotin labeling we define the RASSF2-proximal proteome in leukemia cells and reveal association with Rac GTPase-related proteins, including an interaction with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, DOCK2. Importantly, RASSF2 knockdown impairs Rac GTPase activation, and RASSF2 expression is broadly correlated with Rac-mediated signal transduction in AML patients. Together, these data reveal a previously unappreciated mechanistic link between RASSF2, Hippo kinases, and Rac activity with potentially broad functional consequences in leukemia.
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13
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Häfner AK, Kahnt AS, Steinhilber D. Beyond leukotriene formation—The noncanonical functions of 5-lipoxygenase. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 142:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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14
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Komiyama T, Ogura A, Kajiwara T, Okada Y, Kobayashi H. Analysis of Candidate Idarubicin Drug Resistance Genes in MOLT-3 Cells Using Exome Nuclear DNA. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9080390. [PMID: 30071629 PMCID: PMC6116115 DOI: 10.3390/genes9080390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Various gene alterations related to acute leukemia are reported to be involved in drug resistance. We investigated idarubicin (IDR) resistance using exome nuclear DNA analyses of the human acute leukemia cell line MOLT-3 and the derived IDR-resistant cell line MOLT-3/IDR. We detected mutations in MOLT-3/IDR and MOLT-3 using both Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) and SnpEff program. We found 8839 genes with specific mutations in MOLT-3/IDR and 1162 genes with accompanying amino acid mutations. The 1162 genes were identified by exome analysis of polymerase-related genes using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and, among these, we identified genes with amino acid changes. In resistant strains, LIG and helicase plurality genes showed amino-acid-related changes. An amino acid mutation was also confirmed in polymerase-associated genes. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment testing was performed, and lipid-related genes were selected from the results. Fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS) was used to determine whether IDR permeability was significantly different in MOLT-3/IDR and MOLT-3. The results showed that an IDR concentration of 0.5 μg/mL resulted in slow permeability in MOLT-3/IDR. This slow IDR permeability may be due to the effects of amino acid changes in polymerase- and lipid-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyoshi Komiyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Ogura
- Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Shiga 526-0829, Japan.
| | - Takehito Kajiwara
- Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Shiga 526-0829, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Okada
- Support Center for Medical Research and Education, Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.
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15
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Abstract
Background Precise identification of three-dimensional genome organization, especially enhancer-promoter interactions (EPIs), is important to deciphering gene regulation, cell differentiation and disease mechanisms. Currently, it is a challenging task to distinguish true interactions from other nearby non-interacting ones since the power of traditional experimental methods is limited due to low resolution or low throughput. Results We propose a novel computational framework EP2vec to assay three-dimensional genomic interactions. We first extract sequence embedding features, defined as fixed-length vector representations learned from variable-length sequences using an unsupervised deep learning method in natural language processing. Then, we train a classifier to predict EPIs using the learned representations in supervised way. Experimental results demonstrate that EP2vec obtains F1 scores ranging from 0.841~ 0.933 on different datasets, which outperforms existing methods. We prove the robustness of sequence embedding features by carrying out sensitivity analysis. Besides, we identify motifs that represent cell line-specific information through analysis of the learned sequence embedding features by adopting attention mechanism. Last, we show that even superior performance with F1 scores 0.889~ 0.940 can be achieved by combining sequence embedding features and experimental features. Conclusions EP2vec sheds light on feature extraction for DNA sequences of arbitrary lengths and provides a powerful approach for EPIs identification. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4459-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwen Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics; Bioinformatics Division and Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, Beijing, 100084, China.,Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Mengmeng Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics; Bioinformatics Division and Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, Beijing, 100084, China.,Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics; Bioinformatics Division and Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, Beijing, 100084, China. .,Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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16
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Jia B, Xu S, Xiao G, Lamba V, Liang F. Learning gene regulatory networks from next generation sequencing data. Biometrics 2017; 73:1221-1230. [PMID: 28294287 PMCID: PMC6258556 DOI: 10.1111/biom.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, next generation sequencing (NGS) has gradually replaced microarray as the major platform in measuring gene expressions. Compared to microarray, NGS has many advantages, such as less noise and higher throughput. However, the discreteness of NGS data also challenges the existing statistical methodology. In particular, there still lacks an appropriate statistical method for reconstructing gene regulatory networks using NGS data in the literature. The existing local Poisson graphical model method is not consistent and can only infer certain local structures of the network. In this article, we propose a random effect model-based transformation to continuize NGS data and then we transform the continuized data to Gaussian via a semiparametric transformation and apply an equivalent partial correlation selection method to reconstruct gene regulatory networks. The proposed method is consistent. The numerical results indicate that the proposed method can lead to much more accurate inference of gene regulatory networks than the local Poisson graphical model and other existing methods. The proposed data-continuized transformation fills the theoretical gap for how to transform discrete data to continuous data and facilitates NGS data analysis. The proposed data-continuized transformation also makes it feasible to integrate different types of data, such as microarray and RNA-seq data, in reconstruction of gene regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Jia
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A
| | - Suwa Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A
| | - Guanghua Xiao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Taxes, U.S.A
| | - Vishal Lamba
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A
| | - Faming Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A
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17
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Distinct mechanisms of regulation of the ITGA6 and ITGB4 genes by RUNX1 in myeloid cells. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:3439-3453. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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18
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Kuhnert R, Sárosi MB, George S, Lönnecke P, Hofmann B, Steinhilber D, Murganic B, Mijatovic S, Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Hey-Hawkins E. CarbORev-5901: The First Carborane-Based Inhibitor of the 5-Lipoxygenase Pathway. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1081-1086. [PMID: 28569429 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The progression of cancer is accelerated by increased proliferation, angiogenesis, and inflammation. These processes are mediated by leukotrienes. Several cancer cell lines overexpress 5-lipoxygenase, an enzyme that converts arachidonic acid into leukotrienes. An early inhibitor of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway is Rev-5901, which, however, lacks in in vivo efficacy, as it is rapidly metabolized. We investigated the introduction of carboranes as highly hydrophobic and metabolically stable pharmacophores into lipoxygenase inhibitors. Carboranes are icosahedral boron clusters that are remarkably stable and used to increase the metabolic stability of unstable pharmaceutics without changing their biological activity. By introduction of meta-carborane into Rev-5901, the first carborane-based inhibitor of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway was obtained. We report the synthesis and inhibitory and cytotoxic behavior of these compounds toward several melanoma and colon cancer cell lines and their related anticancer mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kuhnert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Menyhárt-Botond Sárosi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven George
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bettina Hofmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Blagoje Murganic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bul. despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Mijatovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bul. despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Maksimovic-Ivanic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bul. despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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19
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ALOX5 exhibits anti-tumor and drug-sensitizing effects in MLL-rearranged leukemia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1853. [PMID: 28500307 PMCID: PMC5431828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01913-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MLL-rearranged acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a fatal disease with a high rate of relapse and therapeutic failure due to chemotherapy resistance. In analysis of our Affymetrix microarray profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, we found that ALOX5 is especially down-regulated in MLL-rearranged AML, via transcription repression mediated by Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). Colony forming/replating and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) assays showed that Alox5 exhibited a moderate anti-tumor effect both in vitro and in vivo. Strikingly, leukemic cells with Alox5 overexpression showed a significantly higher sensitivity to the standard chemotherapeutic agents, i.e., doxorubicin (DOX) and cytarabine (Ara-C). The drug-sensitizing role of Alox5 was further confirmed in human and murine MLL-rearranged AML cell models in vitro, as well as in the in vivo MLL-rearranged AML BMT model coupled with treatment of “5 + 3” (i.e. DOX plus Ara-C) regimen. Stat and K-Ras signaling pathways were negatively correlated with Alox5 overexpression in MLL-AF9-leukemic blast cells; inhibition of the above signaling pathways mimicked the drug-sensitizing effect of ALOX5 in AML cells. Collectively, our work shows that ALOX5 plays a moderate anti-tumor role and functions as a drug sensitizer, with a therapeutic potential, in MLL-rearranged AML.
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20
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Hu Y, Li S. Survival regulation of leukemia stem cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1039-50. [PMID: 26686687 PMCID: PMC11108378 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2108-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are a subpopulation cells at the apex of hierarchies in leukemia cells and responsible for disease continuous propagation. In this article, we discuss some cellular and molecular components, which are critical for LSC survival. These components include intrinsic signaling pathways and extrinsic microenvironments. The intrinsic signaling pathways to be discussed include Wnt/β-catenin signaling, Hox genes, Hh pathway, Alox5, and some miRNAs, which have been shown to play important roles in regulating LSC survival and proliferation. The extrinsic components to be discussed include selectins, CXCL12/CXCR4, and CD44, which involve in LSC homing, survival, and proliferation by affecting bone marrow microenvironment. Potential strategies for eradicating LSCs will also discuss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguo Hu
- Department of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, The Third Part Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shaoguang Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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21
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Roos J, Grösch S, Werz O, Schröder P, Ziegler S, Fulda S, Paulus P, Urbschat A, Kühn B, Maucher I, Fettel J, Vorup-Jensen T, Piesche M, Matrone C, Steinhilber D, Parnham MJ, Maier TJ. Regulation of tumorigenic Wnt signaling by cyclooxygenase-2, 5-lipoxygenase and their pharmacological inhibitors: A basis for novel drugs targeting cancer cells? Pharmacol Ther 2016; 157:43-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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22
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Hmga2 is a direct target gene of RUNX1 and regulates expansion of myeloid progenitors in mice. Blood 2014; 124:2203-12. [PMID: 25150295 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-02-554543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX1 is a master transcription factor in hematopoiesis and mediates the specification and homeostasis of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Disruptions in RUNX1 are well known to lead to hematologic disease. In this study, we sought to identify and characterize RUNX1 target genes in HSPCs by performing RUNX1 chromatin immunoprecipitation with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) using a murine HSPC line and complementing this data with our previously described gene expression profiling of primary wild-type and RUNX1-deficient HSPCs (Lineage(-)/cKit(+)/Sca1(+)). From this analysis, we identified and confirmed that Hmga2, a known oncogene, as a direct target of RUNX1. Hmga2 was strongly upregulated in RUNX1-deficient HSPCs, and the promoter of Hmga2 was responsive in a cell-type dependent manner upon coexpression of RUNX1. Conditional Runx1 knockout mice exhibit expansion of their HSPCs and myeloid progenitors as hallmark phenotypes. To further validate and establish that Hmga2 plays a role in inducing HSPC expansion, we generated mouse models of HMGA2 and RUNX1 deficiency. Although mice lacking both factors continued to display higher frequencies of HSPCs, the expansion of myeloid progenitors was effectively rescued. The data presented here establish Hmga2 as a transcriptional target of RUNX1 and a critical regulator of myeloid progenitor expansion.
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23
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Roos J, Oancea C, Heinssmann M, Khan D, Held H, Kahnt AS, Capelo R, la Buscató E, Proschak E, Puccetti E, Steinhilber D, Fleming I, Maier TJ, Ruthardt M. 5-Lipoxygenase Is a Candidate Target for Therapeutic Management of Stem Cell–like Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Res 2014; 74:5244-55. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-3012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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