1
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Pale LM, Khatib JB, Nicolae CM, Moldovan GL. CRISPR knockout genome-wide screens identify the HELQ-RAD52 axis in regulating the repair of cisplatin-induced single stranded DNA gaps. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.17.589988. [PMID: 38659927 PMCID: PMC11042333 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.17.589988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Treatment with genotoxic agents, such as platinum compounds, is still the mainstay therapeutical approach for the majority of cancers. Our understanding of the mechanisms of action of these drugs is however imperfect, and continuously evolving. Recent advances in the field highlighted single stranded DNA (ssDNA) gap accumulation as a potential determinant underlying cisplatin chemosensitivity, at least in some genetic backgrounds, such as BRCA mutations. Cisplatin-induced ssDNA gaps form upon the arrest of replication forks at sites of cisplatin adducts, and restart of DNA synthesis downstream of the lesion through repriming catalyzed by the PRIMPOL enzyme. Here, we show that PRIMPOL overexpression in otherwise wildtype cells results in accumulation of cisplatin-induced ssDNA gaps without sensitizing cells to cisplatin, suggesting that ssDNA gap accumulation does not confer cisplatin sensitivity in BRCA-proficient cells. To understand how ssDNA gaps may cause cellular sensitivity, we employed CRISPR-mediated genome-wide genetic screening to identify factors which enable the cytotoxicity of cisplatin-induced ssDNA gaps. We found that the helicase HELQ specifically suppresses cisplatin sensitivity in PRIMPOL-overexpressing cells, and this is associated with reduced ssDNA accumulation. We moreover identify RAD52 as a mediator of this pathway, and show that RAD52 promotes ssDNA gap accumulation through a BRCA-mediated mechanism. Our work identified the HELQ-RAD52-BRCA axis as a regulator of ssDNA gap processing, shedding light on the mechanisms of cisplatin sensitization in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey M. Pale
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Jude B. Khatib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Claudia M. Nicolae
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - George-Lucian Moldovan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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2
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Wang ZX, Li YL, Pu JL, Zhang BR. DNA Damage-Mediated Neurotoxicity in Parkinson’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076313. [PMID: 37047285 PMCID: PMC10093980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease around the world; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear so far. Recent advances have shown that DNA damage and repair deficiency play an important role in the pathophysiology of PD. There is growing evidence suggesting that DNA damage is involved in the propagation of cellular damage in PD, leading to neuropathology under different conditions. Here, we reviewed the current work on DNA damage repair in PD. First, we outlined the evidence and causes of DNA damage in PD. Second, we described the potential pathways by which DNA damage mediates neurotoxicity in PD and discussed the precise mechanisms that drive these processes by DNA damage. In addition, we looked ahead to the potential interventions targeting DNA damage and repair. Finally, based on the current status of research, key problems that need to be addressed in future research were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jia-Li Pu
- Correspondence: (J.-L.P.); (B.-R.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-87784752 (J.-L.P. & B.-R.Z.)
| | - Bao-Rong Zhang
- Correspondence: (J.-L.P.); (B.-R.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-87784752 (J.-L.P. & B.-R.Z.)
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3
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Balboni B, Rinaldi F, Previtali V, Ciamarone A, Girotto S, Cavalli A. Novel Insights into RAD52’s Structure, Function, and Druggability for Synthetic Lethality and Innovative Anticancer Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061817. [PMID: 36980703 PMCID: PMC10046612 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the RAD52 protein has been highlighted as a mediator of many DNA repair mechanisms. While RAD52 was initially considered to be a non-essential auxiliary factor, its inhibition has more recently been demonstrated to be synthetically lethal in cancer cells bearing mutations and inactivation of specific intracellular pathways, such as homologous recombination. RAD52 is now recognized as a novel and critical pharmacological target. In this review, we comprehensively describe the available structural and functional information on RAD52. The review highlights the pathways in which RAD52 is involved and the approaches to RAD52 inhibition. We discuss the multifaceted role of this protein, which has a complex, dynamic, and functional 3D superstructural arrangement. This complexity reinforces the need to further investigate and characterize RAD52 to solve a challenging mechanistic puzzle and pave the way for a robust drug discovery campaign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Balboni
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Rinaldi
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Viola Previtali
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciamarone
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Girotto
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Structural Biophysics and Translational Pharmacology Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (A.C.); Tel.: +39-010-2896-983 (S.G.); +39-010-2897-403 (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (A.C.); Tel.: +39-010-2896-983 (S.G.); +39-010-2897-403 (A.C.)
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4
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Du G, Yang R, Qiu J, Xia J. Multifaceted Influence of Histone Deacetylases on DNA Damage Repair: Implications for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:231-243. [PMID: 36406320 PMCID: PMC9647118 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, but its pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Nevertheless, genomic instability has been recognized as one of the facilitating characteristics of cancer hallmarks that expedites the acquisition of genetic diversity. Genomic instability is associated with a greater tendency to accumulate DNA damage and tumor-specific DNA repair defects, which gives rise to gene mutations and chromosomal damage and causes oncogenic transformation and tumor progression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been shown to impair a variety of cellular processes of genome stability, including the regulation of DNA damage and repair, reactive oxygen species generation and elimination, and progression to mitosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of HDAC in the different aspects of DNA repair and genome instability in HCC as well as the current progress on the development of HDAC-specific inhibitors as new cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruizhe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianguo Qiu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence to: Jie Xia, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, No. 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel/Fax: +86-23-68486780, E-mail: ; Jianguo Qiu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 You Yi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel: +86-23-68486780, Fax: +86-23-89011016, E-mail:
| | - Jie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence to: Jie Xia, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, No. 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel/Fax: +86-23-68486780, E-mail: ; Jianguo Qiu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 You Yi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel: +86-23-68486780, Fax: +86-23-89011016, E-mail:
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5
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Ruszkiewicz JA, Bürkle A, Mangerich A. Fueling genome maintenance: On the versatile roles of NAD + in preserving DNA integrity. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102037. [PMID: 35595095 PMCID: PMC9194868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NAD+ is a versatile biomolecule acting as a master regulator and substrate in various cellular processes, including redox regulation, metabolism, and various signaling pathways. In this article, we concisely and critically review the role of NAD+ in mechanisms promoting genome maintenance. Numerous NAD+-dependent reactions are involved in the preservation of genome stability, the cellular DNA damage response, and other pathways regulating nucleic acid metabolism, such as gene expression and cell proliferation pathways. Of note, NAD+ serves as a substrate to ADP-ribosyltransferases, sirtuins, and potentially also eukaryotic DNA ligases, all of which regulate various aspects of DNA integrity, damage repair, and gene expression. Finally, we critically analyze recent developments in the field as well as discuss challenges associated with therapeutic actions intended to raise NAD+ levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna A Ruszkiewicz
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Aswin Mangerich
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
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6
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Kusakabe M, Kakumu E, Kurihara F, Tsuchida K, Maeda T, Tada H, Kusao K, Kato A, Yasuda T, Matsuda T, Nakao M, Yokoi M, Sakai W, Sugasawa K. Histone deacetylation regulates nucleotide excision repair through an interaction with the XPC protein. iScience 2022; 25:104040. [PMID: 35330687 PMCID: PMC8938288 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The XPC protein complex plays a central role in DNA lesion recognition for global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER). Lesion recognition can be accomplished in either a UV-DDB-dependent or -independent manner; however, it is unclear how these sub-pathways are regulated in chromatin. Here, we show that histone deacetylases 1 and 2 facilitate UV-DDB-independent recruitment of XPC to DNA damage by inducing histone deacetylation. XPC localizes to hypoacetylated chromatin domains in a DNA damage-independent manner, mediated by its structurally disordered middle (M) region. The M region interacts directly with the N-terminal tail of histone H3, an interaction compromised by H3 acetylation. Although the M region is dispensable for in vitro NER, it promotes DNA damage removal by GG-NER in vivo, particularly in the absence of UV-DDB. We propose that histone deacetylation around DNA damage facilitates the recruitment of XPC through the M region, contributing to efficient lesion recognition and initiation of GG-NER. Histone deacetylation by HDAC1/2 promotes the DNA lesion recognition by XPC The HDAC1/2 activators, MTA proteins, also promote the recruitment of XPC XPC tends to localize in hypoacetylated chromatin independently of DNA damage Disordered middle region of XPC interacts with histone H3 tail and promotes GG-NER
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7
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Chen YJC, Koutelou E, Dent SY. Now open: Evolving insights to the roles of lysine acetylation in chromatin organization and function. Mol Cell 2022; 82:716-727. [PMID: 35016034 PMCID: PMC8857060 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Protein acetylation is conserved across phylogeny and has been recognized as one of the most prominent post-translational modifications since its discovery nearly 60 years ago. Histone acetylation is an active mark characteristic of open chromatin, but acetylation on specific lysine residues and histone variants occurs in different biological contexts and can confer various outcomes. The significance of acetylation events is indicated by the associations of lysine acetyltransferases, deacetylases, and acetyl-lysine readers with developmental disorders and pathologies. Recent advances have uncovered new roles of acetylation regulators in chromatin-centric events, which emphasize the complexity of these functional networks. In this review, we discuss mechanisms and dynamics of acetylation in chromatin organization and DNA-templated processes, including gene transcription and DNA repair and replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jiun C. Chen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Evangelia Koutelou
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sharon Y.R. Dent
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Correspondence:
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8
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Rossi MJ, DiDomenico SF, Patel M, Mazin AV. RAD52: Paradigm of Synthetic Lethality and New Developments. Front Genet 2021; 12:780293. [PMID: 34887904 PMCID: PMC8650160 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.780293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks and inter-strand cross-links are the most harmful types of DNA damage that cause genomic instability that lead to cancer development. The highest fidelity pathway for repairing damaged double-stranded DNA is termed Homologous recombination (HR). Rad52 is one of the key HR proteins in eukaryotes. Although it is critical for most DNA repair and recombination events in yeast, knockouts of mammalian RAD52 lack any discernable phenotypes. As a consequence, mammalian RAD52 has been long overlooked. That is changing now, as recent work has shown RAD52 to be critical for backup DNA repair pathways in HR-deficient cancer cells. Novel findings have shed light on RAD52's biochemical activities. RAD52 promotes DNA pairing (D-loop formation), single-strand DNA and DNA:RNA annealing, and inverse strand exchange. These activities contribute to its multiple roles in DNA damage repair including HR, single-strand annealing, break-induced replication, and RNA-mediated repair of DNA. The contributions of RAD52 that are essential to the viability of HR-deficient cancer cells are currently under investigation. These new findings make RAD52 an attractive target for the development of anti-cancer therapies against BRCA-deficient cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Rossi
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States
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9
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Kumar M, Molkentine D, Molkentine J, Bridges K, Xie T, Yang L, Hefner A, Gao M, Bahri R, Dhawan A, Frederick MJ, Seth S, Abdelhakiem M, Beadle BM, Johnson F, Wang J, Shen L, Heffernan T, Sheth A, Ferris RL, Myers JN, Pickering CR, Skinner HD. Inhibition of histone acetyltransferase function radiosensitizes CREBBP/EP300 mutants via repression of homologous recombination, potentially targeting a gain of function. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6340. [PMID: 34732714 PMCID: PMC8566594 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite radiation forming the curative backbone of over 50% of malignancies, there are no genomically-driven radiosensitizers for clinical use. Herein we perform in vivo shRNA screening to identify targets generally associated with radiation response as well as those exhibiting a genomic dependency. This identifies the histone acetyltransferases CREBBP/EP300 as a target for radiosensitization in combination with radiation in cognate mutant tumors. Further in vitro and in vivo studies confirm this phenomenon to be due to repression of homologous recombination following DNA damage and reproducible using chemical inhibition of histone acetyltransferase (HAT), but not bromodomain function. Selected mutations in CREBBP lead to a hyperacetylated state that increases CBP and BRCA1 acetylation, representing a gain of function targeted by HAT inhibition. Additionally, mutations in CREBBP/EP300 are associated with recurrence following radiation in squamous cell carcinoma cohorts. These findings provide both a mechanism of resistance and the potential for genomically-driven treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - David Molkentine
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Molkentine
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kathleen Bridges
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tongxin Xie
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Liangpeng Yang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew Hefner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Reshub Bahri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Annika Dhawan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mitchell J Frederick
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sahil Seth
- TRACTION Platform, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mohamed Abdelhakiem
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Beth M Beadle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Faye Johnson
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy Heffernan
- TRACTION Platform, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aakash Sheth
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Myers
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Curtis R Pickering
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heath D Skinner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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10
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Zhang W, Gou P, Dupret JM, Chomienne C, Rodrigues-Lima F. Etoposide, an anticancer drug involved in therapy-related secondary leukemia: Enzymes at play. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101169. [PMID: 34243013 PMCID: PMC8273223 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Etoposide is a semi-synthetic glycoside derivative of podophyllotoxin, also known as VP-16. It is a widely used anticancer medicine in clinics. Unfortunately, high doses or long-term etoposide treatment can induce therapy-related leukemia. The mechanism by which etoposide induces secondary hematopoietic malignancies is still unclear. In this article, we review the potential mechanisms of etoposide induced therapy-related leukemia. Etoposide related leukemogenesis is known to depend on reactive oxidative metabolites of etoposide, notably etoposide quinone, which interacts with cellular proteins such as topoisomerases II (TOP2), CREB-binding protein (CREBBP), and T-Cell Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (TCPTP). CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 metabolize etoposide to etoposide catechol, which readily oxidizes to etoposide quinone. As a poison of TOP2 enzymes, etoposide and its metabolites induce DNA double-stranded breaks (DSB), and the accumulation of DSB triggers cell apoptosis. If the cell survives, the DSB gives rise to the likelihood of faulty DNA repair events. The gene translocation could occur in mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene, which is well-known in leukemogenesis. Recently, studies have revealed that etoposide metabolites, especially etoposide quinone, can covalently bind to cysteines residues of CREBBP and TCPTP enzymes, . This leads to enzyme inhibition and further affects histone acetylation and phosphorylation of the JAK-STAT pathway, thus putatively altering the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). In brief, current studies suggest that etoposide and its metabolites contribute to etoposide therapy-related leukemia through TOP2 mediated DSB and impairs specific enzyme activity, such as CREBBP and TCPTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhang
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Paris F-75013, France.
| | - Panhong Gou
- Inserm UMR-S1131, Université de Paris, IRSL, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | | | - Christine Chomienne
- Inserm UMR-S1131, Université de Paris, IRSL, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Service de Biologie Cellulaire, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
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11
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Johnson AM, Bennett PV, Sanidad KZ, Hoang A, Jardine JH, Keszenman DJ, Wilson PF. Evaluation of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as Radiosensitizers for Proton and Light Ion Radiotherapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:735940. [PMID: 34513712 PMCID: PMC8426582 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.735940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant opportunities remain for pharmacologically enhancing the clinical effectiveness of proton and carbon ion-based radiotherapies to achieve both tumor cell radiosensitization and normal tissue radioprotection. We investigated whether pretreatment with the hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) SAHA (vorinostat), M344, and PTACH impacts radiation-induced DNA double-strand break (DSB) induction and repair, cell killing, and transformation (acquisition of anchorage-independent growth in soft agar) in human normal and tumor cell lines following gamma ray and light ion irradiation. Treatment of normal NFF28 primary fibroblasts and U2OS osteosarcoma, A549 lung carcinoma, and U87MG glioma cells with 5–10 µM HDACi concentrations 18 h prior to cesium-137 gamma irradiation resulted in radiosensitization measured by clonogenic survival assays and increased levels of colocalized gamma-H2AX/53BP1 foci induction. We similarly tested these HDACi following irradiation with 200 MeV protons, 290 MeV/n carbon ions, and 350 MeV/n oxygen ions delivered in the Bragg plateau region. Unlike uniform gamma ray radiosensitization, effects of HDACi pretreatment were unexpectedly cell type and ion species-dependent with C-12 and O-16 ion irradiations showing enhanced G0/G1-phase fibroblast survival (radioprotection) and in some cases reduced or absent tumor cell radiosensitization. DSB-associated foci levels were similar for proton-irradiated DMSO control and SAHA-treated fibroblast cultures, while lower levels of induced foci were observed in SAHA-pretreated C-12 ion-irradiated fibroblasts. Fibroblast transformation frequencies measured for all radiation types were generally LET-dependent and lowest following proton irradiation; however, both gamma and proton exposures showed hyperlinear transformation induction at low doses (≤25 cGy). HDACi pretreatments led to overall lower transformation frequencies at low doses for all radiation types except O-16 ions but generally led to higher transformation frequencies at higher doses (>50 cGy). The results of these in vitro studies cast doubt on the clinical efficacy of using HDACi as radiosensitizers for light ion-based hadron radiotherapy given the mixed results on their radiosensitization effectiveness and related possibility of increased second cancer induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Johnson
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States
| | - Paula V Bennett
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States
| | - Katherine Z Sanidad
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States
| | - Anthony Hoang
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States
| | - James H Jardine
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States
| | - Deborah J Keszenman
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States.,Laboratorio de Radiobiología Médica y Ambiental, Grupo de Biofisicoquímica, Centro Universitario Regional Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Salto, Uruguay
| | - Paul F Wilson
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
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12
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Fernandez A, O’Leary C, O’Byrne KJ, Burgess J, Richard DJ, Suraweera A. Epigenetic Mechanisms in DNA Double Strand Break Repair: A Clinical Review. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:685440. [PMID: 34307454 PMCID: PMC8292790 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.685440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon the induction of DNA damage, the chromatin structure unwinds to allow access to enzymes to catalyse the repair. The regulation of the winding and unwinding of chromatin occurs via epigenetic modifications, which can alter gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms such as histone acetylation and DNA methylation are known to be reversible and have been indicated to play different roles in the repair of DNA. More importantly, the inhibition of such mechanisms has been reported to play a role in the repair of double strand breaks, the most detrimental type of DNA damage. This occurs by manipulating the chromatin structure and the expression of essential proteins that are critical for homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining repair pathways. Inhibitors of histone deacetylases and DNA methyltransferases have demonstrated efficacy in the clinic and represent a promising approach for cancer therapy. The aims of this review are to summarise the role of histone deacetylase and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors involved in DNA double strand break repair and explore their current and future independent use in combination with other DNA repair inhibitors or pre-existing therapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Fernandez
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences and Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Connor O’Leary
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences and Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Kenneth J O’Byrne
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences and Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Joshua Burgess
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences and Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences and Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Amila Suraweera
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences and Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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13
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Wang M, Lin H. Understanding the Function of Mammalian Sirtuins and Protein Lysine Acylation. Annu Rev Biochem 2021; 90:245-285. [PMID: 33848425 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-082520-125411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Protein lysine acetylation is an important posttranslational modification that regulates numerous biological processes. Targeting lysine acetylation regulatory factors, such as acetyltransferases, deacetylases, and acetyl-lysine recognition domains, has been shown to have potential for treating human diseases, including cancer and neurological diseases. Over the past decade, many other acyl-lysine modifications, such as succinylation, crotonylation, and long-chain fatty acylation, have also been investigated and shown to have interesting biological functions. Here, we provide an overview of the functions of different acyl-lysine modifications in mammals. We focus on lysine acetylation as it is well characterized, and principles learned from acetylation are useful for understanding the functions of other lysine acylations. We pay special attention to the sirtuins, given that the study of sirtuins has provided a great deal of information about the functions of lysine acylation. We emphasize the regulation of sirtuins to illustrate that their regulation enables cells to respond to various signals and stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA;
| | - Hening Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA; .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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14
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Yasuda T, Takizawa K, Ui A, Hama M, Kagawa W, Sugasawa K, Tajima K. Human SIRT2 and SIRT3 deacetylases function in DNA homologous recombinational repair. Genes Cells 2021; 26:328-335. [PMID: 33624391 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SIRT2 and SIRT3 protein deacetylases maintain genome integrity and stability. However, their mechanisms for maintaining the genome remain unclear. To examine the roles of SIRT2 and SIRT3 in DSB repair, I-SceI-based GFP reporter assays for HR, single-strand annealing (SSA) and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair were performed under SIRT2- or SIRT3-depleted conditions. SIRT2 or SIRT3 depletion inhibited HR repair equally to RAD52 depletion, but did not affect SSA and NHEJ repairs. SIRT2 or SIRT3 depletion disturbed the recruitment of RAD51 to DSB sites, an essential step for RAD51-dependent HR repair, but not directly through RAD52 deacetylation. SIRT2 or SIRT3 depletion decreased the colocalization of γH2AX foci with RPA1, and thus, they might be involved in initiating DSB end resection for the recruitment of RAD51 to DSB sites at an early step in HR repair. These results show the novel underlying mechanism of the SIRT2 and SIRT3 functions in HR for genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yasuda
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takizawa
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Ayako Ui
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Dynamic Proteome in Cancer and Aging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michio Hama
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Wataru Kagawa
- Program in Chemistry and Life Science, Department of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Meisei University, Hino, Japan
| | - Kaoru Sugasawa
- Biosignal Research Center, and Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tajima
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
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15
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de Polo A, Labbé DP. Diet-Dependent Metabolic Regulation of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair in Cancer: More Choices on the Menu. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:403-414. [PMID: 33509805 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite several epidemiologic and preclinical studies supporting the role of diet in cancer progression, the complexity of the diet-cancer link makes it challenging to deconvolute the underlying mechanisms, which remain scantly elucidated. This review focuses on genomic instability as one of the cancer hallmarks affected by diet-dependent metabolic alterations. We discuss how altered dietary intake of metabolites of the one-carbon metabolism, including methionine, folate, and vitamins B and C, can impact the methylation processes and thereby tumorigenesis. We present the concept that the protumorigenic effect of certain diets, such as the Western diet, is in part due to a diet-induced erosion of the DNA repair capacity caused by altered epigenetic and epitranscriptomic landscapes, while the protective effect of other dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, can be partly explained by their ability to sustain a proficient DNA repair. In particular, considering that diet-dependent alterations of the one-carbon metabolism can impact the rate of methylation processes, changes in dietary patterns can affect the activity of writers and erasers of histone and RNA methyl marks and consequently impair their role in ensuring a proficient DNA damage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna de Polo
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University and Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - David P Labbé
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University and Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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16
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Li S, Shi B, Liu X, An HX. Acetylation and Deacetylation of DNA Repair Proteins in Cancers. Front Oncol 2020; 10:573502. [PMID: 33194676 PMCID: PMC7642810 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.573502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hundreds of DNA repair proteins coordinate together to remove the diverse damages for ensuring the genomic integrity and stability. The repair system is an extensive network mainly encompassing cell cycle arrest, chromatin remodeling, various repair pathways, and new DNA fragment synthesis. Acetylation on DNA repair proteins is a dynamic epigenetic modification orchestrated by lysine acetyltransferases (HATs) and lysine deacetylases (HDACs), which dramatically affects the protein functions through multiple mechanisms, such as regulation of DNA binding ability, protein activity, post-translational modification (PTM) crosstalk, and protein–protein interaction. Accumulating evidence has indicated that the aberrant acetylation of DNA repair proteins contributes to the dysfunction of DNA repair ability, the pathogenesis and progress of cancer, as well as the chemosensitivity of cancer cells. In the present scenario, targeting epigenetic therapy is being considered as a promising method at par with the conventional cancer therapeutic strategies. This present article provides an overview of the recent progress in the functions and mechanisms of acetylation on DNA repair proteins involved in five major repair pathways, which warrants the possibility of regulating acetylation on repair proteins as a therapeutic target in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bingbing Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Han-Xiang An
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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17
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Current Understanding of RAD52 Functions: Fundamental and Therapeutic Insights. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030705. [PMID: 32192055 PMCID: PMC7140074 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this Special Issue, we would like to focus on the various functions of the RAD52 helicase-like protein and the current implications of such findings for cancer treatment. Over the last few years, various laboratories have discovered particular activities of mammalian RAD52—both in S and M phase—that are distinct from the auxiliary role of yeast RAD52 in homologous recombination. At DNA double-strand breaks, RAD52 was demonstrated to spur alternative pathways to compensate for the loss of homologous recombination functions. At collapsed replication forks, RAD52 activates break-induced replication. In the M phase, RAD52 promotes the finalization of DNA replication. Its compensatory role in the resolution of DNA double-strand breaks has put RAD52 in the focus of synthetic lethal strategies, which is particularly relevant for cancer treatment.
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18
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Yang F, Zhu B, Liu J, Liu Y, Jiang C, Sheng Q, Qiu J, Nie Z. The effect of acetylation on the protein stability of BmApoLp-III in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 29:104-111. [PMID: 31390480 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acetylation is an important, reversible posttranslational modification to a protein. In a previous study, we found that there were a large number of acetylated sites in various nutrient storage proteins of the silkworm haemolymph. In this study, we confirmed that acetylation can affect the stability of nutrient storage protein Bombyx mori apolipophorin-III (BmApoLp-III). First, the expression of BmApoLp-III could be upregulated when BmN cells were treated with the deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat (LBH589); similarly, the expression was downregulated when the cells were treated with the acetylase inhibitor C646. Furthermore, the increase in acetylation by LBH589 could inhibit the degradation and improve the accumulation of BmApoLp-III in BmN cells treated with cycloheximide and MG132 respectively. Moreover, we found that an increase in acetylation could decrease the ubiquitination of BmApoLp-III and vice versa; therefore, we predicted that acetylation could improve the stability of BmApoLp-III by competing for ubiquitination and inhibiting the protein degradation pathway mediated by ubiquitin. Additionally, BmApoLp-III had an antiapoptosis function that increased after LBH589 treatment, which might have been due to the improved protein stability after acetylation. These results have laid the foundation for further study on the mechanism of acetylation in regulating the storage and utilization of silkworm nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yang
- College of Life Sciences and medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - B Zhu
- College of Life Sciences and medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Liu
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Linan, China
| | - Y Liu
- Zhejiang Economic & Trade Polytechnic, Hangzhou, China
| | - C Jiang
- College of Life Sciences and medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Q Sheng
- College of Life Sciences and medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Qiu
- College of Life Sciences and medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Z Nie
- College of Life Sciences and medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Sullivan-Reed K, Bolton-Gillespie E, Dasgupta Y, Langer S, Siciliano M, Nieborowska-Skorska M, Hanamshet K, Belyaeva EA, Bernhardy AJ, Lee J, Moore M, Zhao H, Valent P, Matlawska-Wasowska K, Müschen M, Bhatia S, Bhatia R, Johnson N, Wasik MA, Mazin AV, Skorski T. Simultaneous Targeting of PARP1 and RAD52 Triggers Dual Synthetic Lethality in BRCA-Deficient Tumor Cells. Cell Rep 2019; 23:3127-3136. [PMID: 29898385 PMCID: PMC6082171 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PARP inhibitors (PARPis) have been used to induce synthetic lethality in BRCA-deficient tumors in clinical trials with limited success. We hypothesized that RAD52-mediated DNA repair remains active in PARPi-treated BRCA-deficient tumor cells and that targeting RAD52 should enhance the synthetic lethal effect of PARPi. We show that RAD52 inhibitors (RAD52is) attenuated single-strand annealing (SSA) and residual homologous recombination (HR) in BRCA-deficient cells. Simultaneous targeting of PARP1 and RAD52 with inhibitors or dominant-negative mutants caused synergistic accumulation of DSBs and eradication of BRCA-deficient but not BRCA-proficient tumor cells. Remarkably, Parp1-/-;Rad52-/- mice are normal and display prolonged latency of BRCA1-deficient leukemia compared with Parp1-/- and Rad52-/- counterparts. Finally, PARPi+RAD52i exerted synergistic activity against BRCA1-deficient tumors in immunodeficient mice with minimal toxicity to normal cells and tissues. In conclusion, our data indicate that addition of RAD52i will improve therapeutic outcome of BRCA-deficient malignancies treated with PARPi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Sullivan-Reed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Elisabeth Bolton-Gillespie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yashodhara Dasgupta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Samantha Langer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Micheal Siciliano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Margaret Nieborowska-Skorska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Kritika Hanamshet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Elizaveta A Belyaeva
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Andrea J Bernhardy
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Jaewong Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Morgan Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Huaqing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology and Ludwig-Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Ksenia Matlawska-Wasowska
- Division of Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Markus Müschen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Smita Bhatia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA
| | - Ravi Bhatia
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35223, USA
| | - Neil Johnson
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Mariusz A Wasik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Alexander V Mazin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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20
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Toma M, Sullivan-Reed K, Śliwiński T, Skorski T. RAD52 as a Potential Target for Synthetic Lethality-Based Anticancer Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1561. [PMID: 31615159 PMCID: PMC6827130 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in DNA repair systems play a key role in the induction and progression of cancer. Tumor-specific defects in DNA repair mechanisms and activation of alternative repair routes create the opportunity to employ a phenomenon called "synthetic lethality" to eliminate cancer cells. Targeting the backup pathways may amplify endogenous and drug-induced DNA damage and lead to specific eradication of cancer cells. So far, the synthetic lethal interaction between BRCA1/2 and PARP1 has been successfully applied as an anticancer treatment. Although PARP1 constitutes a promising target in the treatment of tumors harboring deficiencies in BRCA1/2-mediated homologous recombination (HR), some tumor cells survive, resulting in disease relapse. It has been suggested that alternative RAD52-mediated HR can protect BRCA1/2-deficient cells from the accumulation of DNA damage and the synthetic lethal effect of PARPi. Thus, simultaneous inhibition of RAD52 and PARP1 might result in a robust dual synthetic lethality, effectively eradicating BRCA1/2-deficient tumor cells. In this review, we will discuss the role of RAD52 and its potential application in synthetic lethality-based anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Toma
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Katherine Sullivan-Reed
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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21
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Current role of mammalian sirtuins in DNA repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 80:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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22
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Jalan M, Olsen KS, Powell SN. Emerging Roles of RAD52 in Genome Maintenance. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1038. [PMID: 31340507 PMCID: PMC6679097 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of genome integrity is critical for cell survival. Homologous recombination (HR) is considered the major error-free repair pathway in combatting endogenously generated double-stranded lesions in DNA. Nevertheless, a number of alternative repair pathways have been described as protectors of genome stability, especially in HR-deficient cells. One of the factors that appears to have a role in many of these pathways is human RAD52, a DNA repair protein that was previously considered to be dispensable due to a lack of an observable phenotype in knock-out mice. In later studies, RAD52 deficiency has been shown to be synthetically lethal with defects in BRCA genes, making RAD52 an attractive therapeutic target, particularly in the context of BRCA-deficient tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Jalan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kyrie S Olsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Simon N Powell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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23
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McIntyre J, Sobolewska A, Fedorowicz M, McLenigan MP, Macias M, Woodgate R, Sledziewska-Gojska E. DNA polymerase ι is acetylated in response to S N2 alkylating agents. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4789. [PMID: 30886224 PMCID: PMC6423139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA polymerase iota (Polι) belongs to the Y-family of DNA polymerases that are involved in DNA damage tolerance through their role in translesion DNA synthesis. Like all other Y-family polymerases, Polι interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Rev1, ubiquitin and ubiquitinated-PCNA and is also ubiquitinated itself. Here, we report that Polι also interacts with the p300 acetyltransferase and is acetylated. The primary acetylation site is K550, located in the Rev1-interacting region. However, K550 amino acid substitutions have no effect on Polι's ability to interact with Rev1. Interestingly, we find that acetylation of Polι significantly and specifically increases in response to SN2 alkylating agents and to a lower extent to SN1 alkylating and oxidative agents. As we have not observed acetylation of Polι's closest paralogue, DNA polymerase eta (Polη), with which Polι shares many functional similarities, we believe that this modification might exclusively regulate yet to be determined, and separate function(s) of Polι.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna McIntyre
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Sobolewska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mikolaj Fedorowicz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mary P McLenigan
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3371, USA
| | - Matylda Macias
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, ul. Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roger Woodgate
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3371, USA
| | - Ewa Sledziewska-Gojska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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