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Li M, Shou H, Martínez Corrales G, Svermova T, Franco AV, Alic N. Xbp1 targets canonical UPR ER and non-canonical pathways in separate tissues to promote longevity. iScience 2024; 27:109962. [PMID: 38832022 PMCID: PMC11144730 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors can reprogram gene expression to promote longevity. Here, we investigate the role of Drosophila Xbp1. Xbp1 is activated by splicing of its primary transcript, Xbp1u, to generate Xbp1s, a key activator of the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPRER). We show that Xbp1s induces the conical UPRER in the gut, promoting longevity from the resident stem cells. In contrast, in the fat body, Xbp1s does not appear to trigger UPRER but alters metabolic gene expression and is still able to extend lifespan. In the fat body, Xbp1s and dFOXO impinge on the same target genes, including the PGC-1α orthologue Srl, and dfoxo requires Xbp1 to extend lifespan. Interestingly, unspliceable version of the Xbp1 mRNA, Xbp1u can also extend lifespan, hinting at roles in longevity for the poorly characterized Xbp1u transcription factor. These findings reveal the diverse functions of Xbp1 in longevity in the fruit fly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Li
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Haocheng Shou
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Guillermo Martínez Corrales
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tatiana Svermova
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Alessandra Vieira Franco
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Nazif Alic
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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2
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Ureña E, Xu B, Regan JC, Atilano ML, Minkley LJ, Filer D, Lu YX, Bolukbasi E, Khericha M, Alic N, Partridge L. Trametinib ameliorates aging-associated gut pathology in Drosophila females by reducing Pol III activity in intestinal stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311313121. [PMID: 38241436 PMCID: PMC10823232 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311313121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological therapies are promising interventions to slow down aging and reduce multimorbidity in the elderly. Studies in animal models are the first step toward translation of candidate molecules into human therapies, as they aim to elucidate the molecular pathways, cellular mechanisms, and tissue pathologies involved in the anti-aging effects. Trametinib, an allosteric inhibitor of MEK within the Ras/MAPK (Ras/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase) pathway and currently used as an anti-cancer treatment, emerged as a geroprotector candidate because it extended lifespan in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Here, we confirm that trametinib consistently and robustly extends female lifespan, and reduces intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation, tumor formation, tissue dysplasia, and barrier disruption in guts in aged flies. In contrast, pro-longevity effects of trametinib are weak and inconsistent in males, and it does not influence gut homeostasis. Inhibition of the Ras/MAPK pathway specifically in ISCs is sufficient to partially recapitulate the effects of trametinib. Moreover, in ISCs, trametinib decreases the activity of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III), a conserved enzyme synthesizing transfer RNAs and other short, non-coding RNAs, and whose inhibition also extends lifespan and reduces gut pathology. Finally, we show that the pro-longevity effect of trametinib in ISCs is partially mediated by Maf1, a repressor of Pol III, suggesting a life-limiting Ras/MAPK-Maf1-Pol III axis in these cells. The mechanism of action described in this work paves the way for further studies on the anti-aging effects of trametinib in mammals and shows its potential for clinical application in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Ureña
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, LondonWC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Bowen Xu
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, LondonWC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer C. Regan
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, LondonWC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Magda L. Atilano
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, LondonWC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy J. Minkley
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, LondonWC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Danny Filer
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, LondonWC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Xuan Lu
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, CologneD-50931, Germany
| | - Ekin Bolukbasi
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, LondonWC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Mobina Khericha
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, LondonWC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Nazif Alic
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, LondonWC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Partridge
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, LondonWC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, CologneD-50931, Germany
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3
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Yu X, Wang Y, Song Y, Gao X, Deng H. AP-1 is a regulatory transcription factor of inflammaging in the murine kidney and liver. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13858. [PMID: 37154113 PMCID: PMC10352569 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation in multiple tissues, also termed "inflammaging", which represents a significant risk factor for many aging-related chronic diseases. However, the mechanisms and regulatory networks underlying inflammaging across different tissues have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we profiled the transcriptomes and epigenomes of the kidney and liver from young and aged mice and found that activation of the inflammatory response is a conserved signature in both tissues. Moreover, we revealed links between transcriptome changes and chromatin dynamics through integrative analysis and identified AP-1 and ETS family transcription factors (TFs) as potential regulators of inflammaging. Further in situ validation showed that c-JUN (a member of the AP-1 family) was mainly activated in aged renal and hepatic cells, while increased SPI1 (a member of the ETS family) was mostly induced by elevated infiltration of macrophages, indicating that these TFs have different mechanisms in inflammaging. Functional data demonstrated that genetic knockdown of Fos, a major member of the AP-1 family, significantly attenuated the inflammatory response in aged kidneys and livers. Taken together, our results revealed conserved signatures and regulatory TFs of inflammaging in the kidney and liver, providing novel targets for the development of anti-aging interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Yu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking‐Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuting Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking‐Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yifan Song
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking‐Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xianda Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hongkui Deng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking‐Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsPeking UniversityBeijingChina
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4
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Pinch M, Bendzus-Mendoza H, Hansen IA. Transcriptomics analysis of ethanol treatment of male Aedes aegypti reveals a small set of putative radioprotective genes. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1120408. [PMID: 36793417 PMCID: PMC9922702 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1120408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is based on releasing sterilized male insects into wild insect populations to compete for mating with wild females. Wild females mated with sterile males will produce inviable eggs, leading to a decline in population of that insect species. Sterilization with ionizing radiation (x-rays) is a commonly used mechanism for sterilization of males. Since irradiation can cause damage to both, somatic and germ cells, and can severely reduce the competitiveness of sterilized males relative to wild males, means to minimize the detrimental effects of radiation are required to produce sterile, competitive males for release. In an earlier study, we identified ethanol as a functional radioprotector in mosquitoes. Methods: Here, we used Illumina RNA-seq to profile changes in gene expression of male Aedes aegypti mosquitoes fed on 5% ethanol for 48 hours prior to receiving a sterilizing x-ray dose, compared to males fed on water prior to sterilization. Results: RNA-seq revealed a robust activation of DNA repair genes in both ethanol-fed and water-fed males after irradiation, but surprisingly few differences in gene expression between ethanol-fed and water-fed males regardless of radiation treatment. Discussion: While differences in gene expression due to ethanol exposure were minimal, we identified a small group of genes that may prime ethanol-fed mosquitoes for improved survivability in response to sterilizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Pinch
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Harley Bendzus-Mendoza
- Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Immo A. Hansen
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
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5
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Yan S, Li N, Guo Y, Chen Y, Ji C, Yin M, Shen J, Zhang J. Chronic exposure to the star polycation (SPc) nanocarrier in the larval stage adversely impairs life history traits in Drosophila melanogaster. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:515. [PMID: 36482441 PMCID: PMC9730587 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01705-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanomaterials are widely used as pesticide adjuvants to increase pesticide efficiency and minimize environmental pollution. But it is increasingly recognized that nanocarrier is a double-edged sword, as nanoparticles are emerging as new environmental pollutants. This study aimed to determine the biotoxicity of a widely applied star polycation (SPc) nanocarrier using Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly, as an in vivo model. RESULTS The lethal concentration 50 (LC50) value of SPc was identified as 2.14 g/L toward third-instar larvae and 26.33 g/L for adults. Chronic exposure to a sub lethal concentration of SPc (1 g/L) in the larval stage showed long-lasting adverse effects on key life history traits. Exposure to SPc at larval stage adversely impacted the lifespan, fertility, climbing ability as well as stresses resistance of emerged adults. RNA-sequencing analysis found that SPc resulted in aberrant expression of genes involved in metabolism, innate immunity, stress response and hormone production in the larvae. Orally administrated SPc nanoparticles were mainly accumulated in intestine cells, while systemic responses were observed. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that SPc nanoparticles are hazardous to fruit flies at multiple levels, which could help us to develop guidelines for further large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yan
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Na Li
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yuankang Guo
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yao Chen
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Chendong Ji
- grid.48166.3d0000 0000 9931 8406State Key Lab of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Lab of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Meizhen Yin
- grid.48166.3d0000 0000 9931 8406State Key Lab of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Lab of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Junzheng Zhang
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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6
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Martínez Corrales G, Li M, Svermova T, Goncalves A, Voicu D, Dobson AJ, Southall TD, Alic N. Transcriptional memory of dFOXO activation in youth curtails later-life mortality through chromatin remodeling and Xbp1. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:1176-1190. [PMID: 37118537 PMCID: PMC7614430 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00312-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A transient, homeostatic transcriptional response can result in transcriptional memory, programming subsequent transcriptional outputs. Transcriptional memory has great but unappreciated potential to alter animal ageing as animals encounter a multitude of diverse stimuli throughout their lifespan. Here we show that activating an evolutionarily conserved, longevity-promoting transcription factor, dFOXO, solely in early adulthood of female fruit flies is sufficient to improve their subsequent health and survival in mid- and late life. This youth-restricted dFOXO activation causes persistent changes to chromatin landscape in the fat body and requires chromatin remodellers such as the SWI/SNF and ISWI complexes to program health and longevity. Chromatin remodelling is accompanied by a long-lasting transcriptional programme that is distinct from that observed during acute dFOXO activation and includes induction of Xbp1. We show that this later-life induction of Xbp1 is sufficient to curtail later-life mortality. Our study demonstrates that transcriptional memory can profoundly alter how animals age.
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7
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Laskovs M, Partridge L, Slack C. Molecular inhibition of RAS signalling to target ageing and age-related health. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:276620. [PMID: 36111627 PMCID: PMC9510030 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The RAS/MAPK pathway is a highly conserved signalling pathway with a well-established role in cancer. Mutations that hyperactivate this pathway are associated with unregulated cell proliferation. Evidence from a range of model organisms also links RAS/MAPK signalling to ageing. Genetic approaches that reduce RAS/MAPK signalling activity extend lifespan and also improve healthspan, delaying the onset and/or progression of age-related functional decline. Given its role in cancer, therapeutic interventions that target and inhibit this pathway's key components are under intense investigation. The consequent availability of small molecule inhibitors raises the possibility of repurposing these compounds to ameliorate the deleterious effects of ageing. Here, we review evidence that RAS/MAPK signalling inhibitors already in clinical use, such as trametinib, acarbose, statins, metformin and dihydromyricetin, lead to lifespan extension and to improved healthspan in a range of model systems. These findings suggest that the repurposing of small molecule inhibitors of RAS/MAPK signalling might offer opportunities to improve health during ageing, and to delay or prevent the development of age-related disease. However, challenges to this approach, including poor tolerance to treatment in older adults or development of drug resistance, first need to be resolved before successful clinical implementation. Summary: This Review critically discusses the links between RAS signalling and ageing, and how RAS inhibitors could extend lifespan and enhance healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihails Laskovs
- School of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University 1 , Birmingham B4 7ET , UK
| | - Linda Partridge
- Institute of Healthy Ageing 2 , Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment , , Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT , UK
- University College London 2 , Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment , , Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT , UK
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing 3 , Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9b, 50931 Cologne , Germany
| | - Cathy Slack
- School of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University 1 , Birmingham B4 7ET , UK
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8
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Sleiman MB, Roy S, Gao AW, Sadler MC, von Alvensleben GVG, Li H, Sen S, Harrison DE, Nelson JF, Strong R, Miller RA, Kutalik Z, Williams RW, Auwerx J. Sex- and age-dependent genetics of longevity in a heterogeneous mouse population. Science 2022; 377:eabo3191. [PMID: 36173858 PMCID: PMC9905652 DOI: 10.1126/science.abo3191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
DNA variants that modulate life span provide insight into determinants of health, disease, and aging. Through analyses in the UM-HET3 mice of the Interventions Testing Program (ITP), we detected a sex-independent quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 12 and identified sex-specific QTLs, some of which we detected only in older mice. Similar relations between life history and longevity were uncovered in mice and humans, underscoring the importance of early access to nutrients and early growth. We identified common age- and sex-specific genetic effects on gene expression that we integrated with model organism and human data to create a hypothesis-building interactive resource of prioritized longevity and body weight genes. Finally, we validated Hipk1, Ddost, Hspg2, Fgd6, and Pdk1 as conserved longevity genes using Caenorhabditis elegans life-span experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroun Bou Sleiman
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Suheeta Roy
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Arwen W. Gao
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Marie C. Sadler
- Institute of Primary Care and Public Health (Unisante), University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo V. G. von Alvensleben
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Hao Li
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Saunak Sen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | | | - James F. Nelson
- Barshop Center for Longevity Studies at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Randy Strong
- Barshop Center for Longevity Studies at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- South Texas Veterans Healthcare System, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Richard A. Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Institute of Primary Care and Public Health (Unisante), University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Robert W. Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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9
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Worley MI, Everetts NJ, Yasutomi R, Chang RJ, Saretha S, Yosef N, Hariharan IK. Ets21C sustains a pro-regenerative transcriptional program in blastema cells of Drosophila imaginal discs. Curr Biol 2022; 32:3350-3364.e6. [PMID: 35820420 PMCID: PMC9387119 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An important unanswered question in regenerative biology is to what extent regeneration is accomplished by the reactivation of gene regulatory networks used during development versus the activation of regeneration-specific transcriptional programs. Following damage, Drosophila imaginal discs, the larval precursors of adult structures, can regenerate missing portions by localized proliferation of damage-adjacent tissue. Using single-cell transcriptomics in regenerating wing discs, we have obtained a comprehensive view of the transcriptome of regenerating discs and identified two regeneration-specific cell populations within the blastema, Blastema1 and Blastema2. Collectively, these cells upregulate multiple genes encoding secreted proteins that promote regeneration including Pvf1, upd3, asperous, Mmp1, and the maturation delaying factor Ilp8. Expression of the transcription factor Ets21C is restricted to this regenerative secretory zone; it is not expressed in undamaged discs. Ets21C expression is activated by the JNK/AP-1 pathway, and it can function in a type 1 coherent feedforward loop with AP-1 to sustain expression of downstream genes. Without Ets21C function, the blastema cells fail to maintain the expression of a number of genes, which leads to premature differentiation and severely compromised regeneration. As Ets21C is dispensable for normal development, these observations indicate that Ets21C orchestrates a regeneration-specific gene regulatory network. We have also identified cells resembling both Blastema1 and Blastema2 in scribble tumorous discs. They express the Ets21C-dependent gene regulatory network, and eliminating Ets21C function reduces tumorous growth. Thus, mechanisms that function during regeneration can be co-opted by tumors to promote aberrant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie I Worley
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Nicholas J Everetts
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Riku Yasutomi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Chang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Shrey Saretha
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nir Yosef
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Iswar K Hariharan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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10
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Xiao FH, Yu Q, Deng ZL, Yang K, Ye Y, Ge MX, Yan D, Wang HT, Chen XQ, Yang LQ, Yang BY, Lin R, Zhang W, Yang XL, Dong L, He Y, Zhou J, Cai WW, Li J, Kong QP. ETS1 acts as a regulator of human healthy aging via decreasing ribosomal activity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabf2017. [PMID: 35476452 PMCID: PMC9045719 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Adaptation to reduced energy production during aging is a fundamental issue for maintaining healthspan or prolonging life span. Currently, however, the underlying mechanism in long-lived people remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed transcriptomes of 185 long-lived individuals (LLIs) and 86 spouses of their children from two independent Chinese longevity cohorts and found that the ribosome pathway was significantly down-regulated in LLIs. We found that the down-regulation is likely controlled by ETS1 (ETS proto-oncogene 1), a transcription factor down-regulated in LLIs and positively coexpressed with most ribosomal protein genes (RPGs). Functional assays showed that ETS1 can bind to RPG promoters, while ETS1 knockdown reduces RPG expression and alleviates cellular senescence in human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and embryonic lung fibroblast (IMR-90) cells. As protein synthesis/turnover in ribosomes is an energy-intensive cellular process, the decline in ribosomal biogenesis governed by ETS1 in certain female LLIs may serve as an alternative mechanism to achieve energy-saving and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Hui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and
Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study,
Kunming 650201, China
| | - Qin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and
Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study,
Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zhi-Li Deng
- Department of Dermatology/National Clinical Research
Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,
Changsha 410000, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya
Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Department of Dermatology, Second affiliated Hospital
of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study,
Kunming 650201, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease
Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology,
Kunming 650223, China
| | - Yunshuang Ye
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study,
Kunming 650201, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease
Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology,
Kunming 650223, China
| | - Ming-Xia Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and
Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study,
Kunming 650201, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and
Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and
Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Dongjing Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Hao-Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and
Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study,
Kunming 650201, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and
Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and
Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Xiao-Qiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and
Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Li-Qin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and
Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Bin-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and
Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Rong Lin
- Department of Biology, Hainan Medical College,
Haikou 571199, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Xing-Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and
Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and
Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yonghan He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and
Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jumin Zhou
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study,
Kunming 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease
Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology,
Kunming 650223, China
- KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and
Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Wang-Wei Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology/National Clinical Research
Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,
Changsha 410000, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya
Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Department of Dermatology, Second affiliated Hospital
of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Qing-Peng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and
Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study,
Kunming 650201, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and
Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and
Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming 650223, China
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11
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Fischer F, Grigolon G, Benner C, Ristow M. Evolutionarily conserved transcription factors as regulators of longevity and targets for geroprotection. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:1449-1494. [PMID: 35343830 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00017.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the single largest risk factor for many debilitating conditions, including heart diseases, stroke, cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. While far from understood in its full complexity, it is scientifically well-established that aging is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, and can be modulated by various interventions. One of aging's early hallmarks are aberrations in transcriptional networks, controlling for example metabolic homeostasis or the response to stress. Evidence in different model organisms abounds that a number of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors, which control such networks, can affect lifespan and healthspan across species. These transcription factors thus potentially represent conserved regulators of longevity and are emerging as important targets in the challenging quest to develop treatments to mitigate age-related diseases, and possibly even to slow aging itself. This review provides an overview of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that impact longevity or age-related diseases in at least one multicellular model organism (nematodes, flies, or mice), and/or are tentatively linked to human aging. Discussed is the general evidence for transcriptional regulation of aging and disease, followed by a more detailed look at selected transcription factor families, the common metabolic pathways involved, and the targeting of transcription factors as a strategy for geroprotective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Fischer
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Grigolon
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Benner
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Michael Ristow
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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12
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Bai Y, Caussinus E, Leo S, Bosshardt F, Myachina F, Rot G, Robinson MD, Lehner CF. A cis-regulatory element promoting increased transcription at low temperature in cultured ectothermic Drosophila cells. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:771. [PMID: 34711176 PMCID: PMC8555087 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Temperature change affects the myriad of concurrent cellular processes in a non-uniform, disruptive manner. While endothermic organisms minimize the challenge of ambient temperature variation by keeping the core body temperature constant, cells of many ectothermic species maintain homeostatic function within a considerable temperature range. The cellular mechanisms enabling temperature acclimation in ectotherms are still poorly understood. At the transcriptional level, the heat shock response has been analyzed extensively. The opposite, the response to sub-optimal temperature, has received lesser attention in particular in animal species. The tissue specificity of transcriptional responses to cool temperature has not been addressed and it is not clear whether a prominent general response occurs. Cis-regulatory elements (CREs), which mediate increased transcription at cool temperature, and responsible transcription factors are largely unknown. Results The ectotherm Drosophila melanogaster with a presumed temperature optimum around 25 °C was used for transcriptomic analyses of effects of temperatures at the lower end of the readily tolerated range (14–29 °C). Comparative analyses with adult flies and cell culture lines indicated a striking degree of cell-type specificity in the transcriptional response to cool. To identify potential cis-regulatory elements (CREs) for transcriptional upregulation at cool temperature, we analyzed temperature effects on DNA accessibility in chromatin of S2R+ cells. Candidate cis-regulatory elements (CREs) were evaluated with a novel reporter assay for accurate assessment of their temperature-dependency. Robust transcriptional upregulation at low temperature could be demonstrated for a fragment from the pastrel gene, which expresses more transcript and protein at reduced temperatures. This CRE is controlled by the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and antagonizing activities of the transcription factors Pointed and Ets97D. Conclusion Beyond a rich data resource for future analyses of transcriptional control within the readily tolerated range of an ectothermic animal, a novel reporter assay permitting quantitative characterization of CRE temperature dependence was developed. Our identification and functional dissection of the pst_E1 enhancer demonstrate the utility of resources and assay. The functional characterization of this CoolUp enhancer provides initial mechanistic insights into transcriptional upregulation induced by a shift to temperatures at the lower end of the readily tolerated range. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-08057-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Caussinus
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Leo
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fritz Bosshardt
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Faina Myachina
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Rot
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark D Robinson
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian F Lehner
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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13
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Adhikari K, Son JH, Rensink AH, Jaweria J, Bopp D, Beukeboom LW, Meisel RP. Temperature-dependent effects of house fly proto-Y chromosomes on gene expression could be responsible for fitness differences that maintain polygenic sex determination. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:5704-5720. [PMID: 34449942 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sex determination, the developmental process by which sexually dimorphic phenotypes are established, evolves fast. Evolutionary turnover in a sex determination pathway may occur via selection on alleles that are genetically linked to a new master sex determining locus on a newly formed proto-sex chromosome. Species with polygenic sex determination, in which master regulatory genes are found on multiple different proto-sex chromosomes, are informative models to study the evolution of sex determination and sex chromosomes. House flies are such a model system, with male determining loci possible on all six chromosomes and a female-determiner on one of the chromosomes as well. The two most common male-determining proto-Y chromosomes form latitudinal clines on multiple continents, suggesting that temperature variation is an important selection pressure responsible for maintaining polygenic sex determination in this species. Temperature-dependent fitness effects could be manifested through temperature-dependent gene expression differences across proto-Y chromosome genotypes. These gene expression differences may be the result of cis regulatory variants that affect the expression of genes on the proto-sex chromosomes, or trans effects of the proto-Y chromosomes on genes elswhere in the genome. We used RNA-seq to identify genes whose expression depends on proto-Y chromosome genotype and temperature in adult male house flies. We found no evidence for ecologically meaningful temperature-dependent expression differences of sex determining genes between male genotypes, but we were probably not sampling an appropriate developmental time-point to identify such effects. In contrast, we identified many other genes whose expression depends on the interaction between proto-Y chromosome genotype and temperature, including genes that encode proteins involved in reproduction, metabolism, lifespan, stress response, and immunity. Notably, genes with genotype-by-temperature interactions on expression were not enriched on the proto-sex chromosomes. Moreover, there was no evidence that temperature-dependent expression is driven by chromosome-wide cis-regulatory divergence between the proto-Y and proto-X alleles. Therefore, if temperature-dependent gene expression is responsible for differences in phenotypes and fitness of proto-Y genotypes across house fly populations, these effects are driven by a small number of temperature-dependent alleles on the proto-Y chromosomes that may have trans effects on the expression of genes on other chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Adhikari
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jae Hak Son
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anna H Rensink
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaweria Jaweria
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel Bopp
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leo W Beukeboom
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard P Meisel
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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14
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Martínez Corrales G, Filer D, Wenz KC, Rogan A, Phillips G, Li M, Feseha Y, Broughton SJ, Alic N. Partial Inhibition of RNA Polymerase I Promotes Animal Health and Longevity. Cell Rep 2021; 30:1661-1669.e4. [PMID: 32049000 PMCID: PMC7013379 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Health and survival in old age can be improved by changes in gene expression. RNA polymerase (Pol) I is the essential, conserved enzyme whose task is to generate the pre-ribosomal RNA (rRNA). We find that reducing the levels of Pol I activity is sufficient to extend lifespan in the fruit fly. This effect can be recapitulated by partial, adult-restricted inhibition, with both enterocytes and stem cells of the adult midgut emerging as important cell types. In stem cells, Pol I appears to act in the same longevity pathway as Pol III, implicating rRNA synthesis in these cells as the key lifespan determinant. Importantly, reduction in Pol I activity delays broad, age-related impairment and pathology, improving the function of diverse organ systems. Hence, our study shows that Pol I activity in the adult drives systemic, age-related decline in animal health and anticipates mortality. Partial inhibition of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) can extend lifespan in the fruit fly Reducing Pol I activity after development and only in the gut is sufficient Pol I activity affects aging from both post-mitotic and mitotically active cells Pol I activity affects the age-related decline in performance of multiple organs
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Martínez Corrales
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, UK
| | - Danny Filer
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, UK
| | - Katharina C Wenz
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, UK
| | - Abbie Rogan
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, UK
| | - George Phillips
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, UK
| | - Mengjia Li
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, UK
| | - Yodit Feseha
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, UK
| | - Susan J Broughton
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, LA1 4YQ Lancaster, UK
| | - Nazif Alic
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, UK.
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15
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Bolukbasi E, Woodling NS, Ivanov DK, Adcott J, Foley A, Rajasingam A, Gittings LM, Aleyakpo B, Niccoli T, Thornton JM, Partridge L. Cell type-specific modulation of healthspan by Forkhead family transcription factors in the nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2011491118. [PMID: 33593901 PMCID: PMC7923679 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2011491118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced activity of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) increases healthy lifespan among diverse animal species. Downstream of IIS, multiple evolutionarily conserved transcription factors (TFs) are required; however, distinct TFs are likely responsible for these effects in different tissues. Here we have asked which TFs can extend healthy lifespan within distinct cell types of the adult nervous system in Drosophila Starting from published single-cell transcriptomic data, we report that forkhead (FKH) is endogenously expressed in neurons, whereas forkhead-box-O (FOXO) is expressed in glial cells. Accordingly, we find that neuronal FKH and glial FOXO exert independent prolongevity effects. We have further explored the role of neuronal FKH in a model of Alzheimer's disease-associated neuronal dysfunction, where we find that increased neuronal FKH preserves behavioral function and reduces ubiquitinated protein aggregation. Finally, using transcriptomic profiling, we identify Atg17, a member of the Atg1 autophagy initiation family, as one FKH-dependent target whose neuronal overexpression is sufficient to extend healthy lifespan. Taken together, our results underscore the importance of cell type-specific mapping of TF activity to preserve healthy function with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekin Bolukbasi
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Nathaniel S Woodling
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Dobril K Ivanov
- European Bioinformatics Institute, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cambridge CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Adcott
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Foley
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Arjunan Rajasingam
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren M Gittings
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Aleyakpo
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Niccoli
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Janet M Thornton
- European Bioinformatics Institute, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cambridge CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Partridge
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom;
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Biological Mechanisms of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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16
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FoxO directly regulates the expression of TOR/S6K and vitellogenin to modulate the fecundity of the brown planthopper. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 64:133-143. [PMID: 32567002 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
As a conserved transcription factor, FoxO plays a crucial role in multiple physiological processes in vivo, including stress resistance, longevity, growth and reproduction. Previous studies on FoxO have focused on human, mouse, Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, while there are few reports on agricultural pests and little is known about how FoxO modulates insect fecundity. In Asia, the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) is one of the most serious pests in rice production and high fecundity is the basis of the outbreak of BPH. Here, using the genome-wide ChIP-seq of NlFoxO in BPH, we found that NlFoxO binds to the promoters of ribosomal proteinS6 kinase (NlS6K) and serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (NlTOR) and increases their expression levels. We also found that NlFoxO directly binds to the exon of vitellogenin (NlVg) and has a specific inhibitory effect on its expression. In addition, the number of eggs laid and their hatching rate decreased significantly after injection of NlFoxO double-stranded RNA into BPH adults. Our findings provide direct evidence that FoxO modulates insect fecundity through binding to the promoters of NlS6K, NlTOR and the exon of NlVg and affecting their gene expression in the Vg network.
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17
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Das S, Vörös-Horváth B, Bencsik T, Micalizzi G, Mondello L, Horváth G, Kőszegi T, Széchenyi A. Antimicrobial Activity of Different Artemisia Essential Oil Formulations. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102390. [PMID: 32455592 PMCID: PMC7287661 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The extreme lipophilicity of essential oils (EOs) impedes the measurement of their biological actions in an aqueous environment. We formulated oil in water type Pickering Artemisiaannua EO nanoemulsions (AEP) with surface-modified Stöber silica nanoparticles (20 nm) as the stabilizing agent. The antimicrobial activity of AEP and its effects on mature Candida biofilms were compared with those of Tween 80 stabilized emulsion (AET) and ethanolic solution (AEE) of the Artemisia EO. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by using the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC90) and minimum effective concentrations (MEC10) of the compounds. On planktonic bacterial and fungal cells beside growth inhibition, colony formation (CFU/mL), metabolic activity, viability, intracellular ATP/total protein (ATP/TP), along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also studied. Artemisiaannua EO nanoemulsion (AEP) showed significantly higher antimicrobial activity than AET and AEE. Artemisiaannua EO nanoemulsions (AEP) generated superoxide anion and peroxides-related oxidative stress, which might be the underlying mode of action of the Artemisia EO. Unilamellar liposomes, as a cellular model, were used to examine the delivery efficacy of the EO of our tested formulations. We could demonstrate higher effectiveness of AEP in the EO components’ donation compared to AET and AEE. Our data suggest the superiority of the AEP formulation against microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Das
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Medical School, 7624 Pécs, Ifjúság u. 13., Hungary;
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 20., 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Barbara Vörös-Horváth
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rókus u. 2., 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Tímea Bencsik
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rókus u. 2., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (T.B.); (G.H.)
| | - Giuseppe Micalizzi
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (L.M.)
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (L.M.)
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Györgyi Horváth
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rókus u. 2., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (T.B.); (G.H.)
| | - Tamás Kőszegi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Medical School, 7624 Pécs, Ifjúság u. 13., Hungary;
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 20., 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (A.S.); Tel.: +36-30-4917719 (T.K.); +36-70-3814462 (A.S.)
| | - Aleksandar Széchenyi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rókus u. 2., 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (A.S.); Tel.: +36-30-4917719 (T.K.); +36-70-3814462 (A.S.)
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18
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Martínez Corrales G, Alic N. Evolutionary Conservation of Transcription Factors Affecting Longevity. Trends Genet 2020; 36:373-382. [PMID: 32294417 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The increasing number of older people is resulting in an increased prevalence of age-related diseases. Research has shown that the ageing process itself is a potential point of intervention. Indeed, gene expression can be optimised for health in older ages through manipulation of transcription factor (TF) activity. This review is focused on the ever-growing number of TFs whose effects on ageing are evolutionarily conserved. These regulate a plethora of functions, including stress resistance, metabolism, and growth. They are engaged in complex interactions within and between different cell types, impacting the physiology of the entire organism. Since ageing is not programmed, the conservation of their effects on lifespan is most likely a reflection of the conservation of their functions in youth.
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