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Saraiva BTC, Franchini E, Ribeiro AS, Gobbo LA, Correia MA, Vanderlei LCM, Ferrari G, Tebar WR, Christofaro DGD. Effects of 12 weeks of functional training vs. Muay Thai on cardiac autonomic modulation and hemodynamic parameters in older adults: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:433. [PMID: 39153977 PMCID: PMC11330007 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-04096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The elevated blood pressure (BP) and lower cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) are associated with higher morbidity mortality risk among older adults. Although exercise is an important intervention for cardiovascular promotion, it is unclear whether combat sports training could benefit cardiovascular outcomes as much as autonomic in this population. This study compared the effects of 12 weeks of Muay Thai (MT) training against functional training (FT) on CAM and hemodynamic parameters in older adults. METHODS The sample consisted of 50 older adults (41 women; 66.0 ± 5.3 years old), who were equaly randomized into FT (n = 25) and MT (n = 25) intervention groups. CAM was measured by 30-min rest heart rate variability. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and resting heart rate (RHR) were measured using an automatic oscillometric device. Pulse pressure (PP) and the double product (DP) were also calculated. The interventions were carried out three times a week, with 60-min length per session, during 12 consecutive weeks. The intensity of the interventions was measured using the subjective perception of exertion scale and by accelerometer. Two-factor repeated measures analysis of covariance was used for groups comparison, considering intervention group and body mass as factors. The 95% confidence interval of the difference (95%CIdif) was also calculated and the effect size was measured using partial eta squared (η2p). RESULTS CAM indices did not show significant changes across moments and intervention groups. In hemodynamic parameters, only in DBP was there an effect of the moment (F1,39 = 8.206; P = 0.007; η2p = 0.174, large) and interaction effect between group*moment (F1,39 = 7.950; P = 0.008; η2p = 0.169, large). Specifically, the MT group at the post-training moment showed lower DBP (P = 0.010; 95%CIdif = -13.3; -1.89) in relation to the FT group. Furthermore, the MT group showed a decrease in DBP during training (P = 0.002; 95%CIdif = -10.3; -2.6). Also, an increase in training intensity was also found over the 12 weeks in FT, with no difference between the groups. CONCLUSION After 12 weeks of MT practice there was a reduction in DBP compared to FT in older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03919968 Registration date: 01/02/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna T C Saraiva
- School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, (SP), Brazil.
- Departamento de Educação Física, Faculdade de Ciências E Tecnologia, Universidade de São Paulo (UNESP), Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Presidente Prudente, (SP), Brasil.
| | - Emerson Franchini
- Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sport, São Paulo University (USP), São Paulo, (SP), Brazil
| | - Alex S Ribeiro
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Coimbra (UC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís A Gobbo
- Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, (SP), Brazil
| | - Marília A Correia
- Department of Physical Education, University of Nine July (UNINOVE), Campus Vergueiro, São Paulo, (SP), Brazil
| | - Luiz C M Vanderlei
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, (SP), Brazil
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
| | - William R Tebar
- Center of Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, (SP), Brazil
| | - Diego G D Christofaro
- Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, (SP), Brazil
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Rendon CJ, Sempere L, Lauver A, Watts SW, Contreras GA. Anatomical location, sex, and age modulate adipocyte progenitor populations in perivascular adipose tissues. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1411218. [PMID: 39072214 PMCID: PMC11282503 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1411218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) regulates vascular function due to its capacity to synthesize vasoactive products and its mechanical properties. PVATs most abundant cells are adipocytes, and their populations are maintained by the maturation of adipocyte progenitor cells (APC), which may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. However, the distribution of APC within PVAT depots, their potential variation in spatial location, and the influence of sex and age on their abundance remain unknown. We hypothesize that APC abundance in PVAT is affected by location, age, sex and that APC subtypes have specific spatial distributions. PVAT from thoracic and abdominal aorta, and mesenteric arteries, and AT from interscapular, gonadal, and subcutaneous depots from 13-week and 30-week-old females and males Pdgfrα-CreERT2 x LSL-tdTomato mice (n = 28) were analyzed. Abdominal aorta PVAT had fewer progenitors than mesenteric PVAT and gonadal AT. Aging reduced the abundance of APC in the thoracic aorta but increased their numbers in mesenteric PVAT. Females had more APC than males in mesenteric PVAT and gonadal AT depots. APC exhibited unique spatial distribution in the aorta and mesenteric PVAT where they localized neighboring vasa vasorum and arteries. APC subtypes (APC1, APC2, APC3, diff APC) were identified in all PVAT depots. Thoracic aorta PVAT APC3 were located in the adventitia while diff APC were in the parenchyma. This study identified variability in APC populations based on depot, age, and sex. The distinctive spatial distribution and the presence of diverse APC subtypes suggest that they may contribute differently to cardiovascular diseases-induced PVAT remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Javier Rendon
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Lorenzo Sempere
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Adam Lauver
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Stephanie W. Watts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - G. Andres Contreras
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Chinnaiyan S, Dharmaraj A, Palanisamy B. Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hypertension Among Tribal Population Aged 15-49 in India: Evidence from National Family Health Survey, 2019-2021. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-02005-0. [PMID: 38625664 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-02005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 10% of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) can be attributed to hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension is steadily increasing among urban, rural, and tribal populations alike. There has been a growing incidence of hypertension within underprivileged groups; however, there is a scarcity of research focusing on the risks of hypertension within Indian tribes. The current study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of hypertension among tribes and the risk factors of hypertension. METHODS This study uses data from the fifth phase of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) in India, covering 2,843,917 individuals in 636,699 households. A total of 69,176 individuals belonging to tribal communities aged between 15 and 49, encompassing both males and females, have been incorporated into our study. The study utilized bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses, which were conducted using the R statistical software. RESULTS Among 69,176 tribal populations between 15 and 49 years, the overall prevalence of hypertension was 12.54% (8676/69176; 95% CI, 12.29%, 12.79%). The prevalence of hypertension among males was 16.4% and 12.07% among females. Age, gender, education, marital status, smoking, and alcohol consumption were found to be the significant predictors of hypertension among tribes. CONCLUSION The rising prevalence and potential dangers of hypertension within Indian tribes highlight their epidemiological transition burdened by significant cardiometabolic health concerns, necessitating prompt and ongoing monitoring and surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Chinnaiyan
- SRM Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to Be University), Chennai, India
| | - Aravind Dharmaraj
- SRM Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to Be University), Chennai, India
- Department of Biostatistics, Christian medical college, Vellore, India
| | - Bharathi Palanisamy
- SRM Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to Be University), Chennai, India.
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Ciancio A, Behrman J, Kämpfen F, Kohler IV, Maurer J, Mwapasa V, Kohler HP. Barker's Hypothesis Among the Global Poor: Positive Long-Term Cardiovascular Effects of in Utero Famine Exposure. Demography 2023; 60:1747-1766. [PMID: 37937904 PMCID: PMC10875974 DOI: 10.1215/00703370-11052790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
An influential literature on the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) has documented that poor conditions in utero lead to higher risk of cardiovascular disease at older ages. Evidence from low-income countries (LICs) has hitherto been missing, despite the fact that adverse in utero conditions are far more common in LICs. We find that Malawians exposed in utero to the 1949 Nyasaland famine have better cardiovascular health 70 years later. These findings highlight the potential context specificity of the DOHaD hypothesis, with in utero adversity having different health implications among aging LIC individuals who were exposed to persistent poverty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ciancio
- Adam Smith Business School, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jere Behrman
- Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fabrice Kämpfen
- School of Economics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Iliana V Kohler
- Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jürgen Maurer
- Department of Economics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Hans-Peter Kohler
- Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Hoang CT, Kohler IV, Amin V, Behrman JR, Kohler HP. Resilience, Accelerated Aging and Persistently Poor Health: Diverse Trajectories of Health in Malawi. POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT REVIEW 2023; 49:771-800. [PMID: 38605849 PMCID: PMC11005366 DOI: 10.1111/padr.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Individuals age at vastly different rates resulting in significant within-population heterogeneity in health and aging outcomes. This diversity in health and aging trajectories has rarely been investigated among low-income aging populations that have experienced substantial hardships throughout their lifecourses. Utilizing 2006-2018 data from the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health (MLSFH) and estimating group-based trajectory models (GBTM), our analyses identified three distinct lifecourse health trajectories: (1) comparatively good initial mental and physical health that persisted throughout the lifecourse ("resilient aging"); (2) relatively good initial mental and physical health that started to deteriorate during mid-adulthood ("accelerated aging"); and (3) poor initial mental and physical health that further declined over the lifecourse ("aging with persistently poor health"). For both physical and mental health, men were more likely to enjoy resilient aging than women. Predictors other than gender of trajectory membership sometimes confirmed, and sometimes contradicted, hypotheses derived from high-income country studies. Our analyses highlight the long arm of early life conditions and gender in determining aging trajectories and show that a non-trivial sub-population is characterized by aging with persistently poor health. The study uncovers widening gaps in health outcomes between those who age with resilience and those who experience accelerated aging.
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Aheto JMK, Gates T, Babah R, Takramah W. Joint modelling of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and its associated factors among women in Ghana: Multivariate response multilevel modelling methods. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001613. [PMID: 37185978 PMCID: PMC10132648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Elevated blood pressure is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases related mortality and a major contributor to non-communicable diseases globally, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where about 74.7 million people live with hypertension. In Ghana, hypertension is epidemic with prevalence of over 30% and experiencing continuing burden with its associated morbidity and mortality. Using the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, we analyzed data on 4744 women aged 15-49 years residing in 3722 households. We employed univariate and multivariate response multilevel linear regression models to analyze predictors of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Geospatial maps were produced to show the regional distribution of hypertension prevalence in Ghana. Stata version 17 and R version 4.2.1 were used to analyze the data. Of the 4744 woman, 337 (7.1%) and 484 (10.2%) were found to be hypertensive on SBP and DBP, respectively. A combined prevalence of 12.3% was found. Older ages 25-34 (OR 2.45, 95%CI: 1.27, 3.63), 35-44 (OR 8.72, 95%CI: 7.43, 10.01), 45-49 (OR 15.85, 95%CI: 14.07, 17.64), being obese (OR 5.10, 95%CI: 3.62, 6.58), and having no education (OR -2.05, 95%CI: -3.40, -0.71) were associated with SBP. For DBP, we found the associated factors to be older ages 25-34 (OR 3.29, 95%CI: 2.50, 4.08), 35-44 (OR 6.78, 95%CI: 5.91, 7.64), 45-49 (OR 10.05, 95%CI: 8.85, 11.25), being obese (OR 4.20, 95%CI: 3.21, 5.19), and having no education (OR -1.23, 95%CI: -2.14, -0.33). Substantial residual household level differences in SBP (15%) and DBP (14%) were observed. We found strong residual correlation of SBP and DBP on individual women (r = 0.73) and household-level (r = 0.81). The geospatial maps showed substantial regional differences in the observed and reported hypertension prevalence. Interventions should be targeted at the identified high-risk groups like older age groups and those who are obese, and the high-risk regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justice Moses K Aheto
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Tracy Gates
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rahmatu Babah
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Wisdom Takramah
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Correction: Aging and Hypertension among the Global Poor: Panel Data Evidence from Malawi. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001811. [PMID: 37014896 PMCID: PMC10072472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000600.].
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