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Terada A, Tsuda N, Tasaki S, Park J, Nasu H, Tasaki K, Katsuda T, Nishio S, Yamaguchi T, Sanada S, Akiba J, Kuwano M, Ono M, Ushijima K. N-Myc Downstream Regulated Gene-1 May Play an Important Role in the Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer, in Its Association with Beta-Catenin. Kurume Med J 2023; 69:39-46. [PMID: 37793886 DOI: 10.2739/kurumemedj.ms6912010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
NDRG1 is a nickel- and calcium-inducible gene that plays important roles in the primary growth of malignant tumors, as well as in invasion and metastasis. This study investigated the associations of NDRG1 expression with cell adhesion and other clinicopathological factors in ovarian cancer. The clinical records of 123 women who underwent surgery for ovarian cancer in our institute were reviewed retrospectively. The expression of NDRG1, E-cadherin, and beta-catenin in surgical specimens were evaluated immunohistochemically. The NDRG1 expression level was significantly associated with beta-catenin expression, peritoneal metastasis outside the pelvic cavity, lymph node metastasis, and FIGO stages. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant association between the NDRG1 expression level and progression-free survival: high NDRG1 expression was related to poor survival. Our results suggest that the increased expression of NDRG1 is associated with cell adhesion and may be a poor prognostic indicator in women with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsumu Terada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Naotake Tsuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Shingo Tasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Jangmyong Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroki Nasu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Kazuto Tasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Takahiro Katsuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Shin Nishio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | | | - Sakiko Sanada
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Jun Akiba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital
| | | | - Mayumi Ono
- Graduate School of Nursing, St.Mary's College
| | - Kimio Ushijima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
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Daboussi L, Costaguta G, Gullo M, Jasinski N, Pessino V, O'Leary B, Lettieri K, Driscoll S, Pfaff SL. Mitf is a Schwann cell sensor of axonal integrity that drives nerve repair. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113282. [PMID: 38007688 PMCID: PMC11034927 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells respond to acute axon damage by transiently transdifferentiating into specialized repair cells that restore sensorimotor function. However, the molecular systems controlling repair cell formation and function are not well defined, and consequently, it is unclear whether this form of cellular plasticity has a role in peripheral neuropathies. Here, we identify Mitf as a transcriptional sensor of axon damage under the control of Nrg-ErbB-PI3K-PI5K-mTorc2 signaling. Mitf regulates a core transcriptional program for generating functional repair Schwann cells following injury and during peripheral neuropathies caused by CMT4J and CMT4D. In the absence of Mitf, core genes for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, metabolism, and dedifferentiation are misexpressed, and nerve repair is disrupted. Our findings demonstrate that Schwann cells monitor axonal health using a phosphoinositide signaling system that controls Mitf nuclear localization, which is critical for activating cellular plasticity and counteracting neural disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Daboussi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Giancarlo Costaguta
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Miriam Gullo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nicole Jasinski
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Veronica Pessino
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Brendan O'Leary
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Karen Lettieri
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shawn Driscoll
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Samuel L Pfaff
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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3
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Chang J, Lo ZHY, Alenizi S, Kovacevic Z. Re-Shaping the Pancreatic Cancer Tumor Microenvironment: A New Role for the Metastasis Suppressor NDRG1. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2779. [PMID: 37345116 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PaC) is a highly aggressive disease, with poor response to current treatments and 5-year survival rates of 10-15%. PaC progression is facilitated by its interaction with the complex and multifaceted tumor microenvironment (TME). In the TME, cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells constantly communicate with each other via the secretion and uptake of factors including cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, metabolites, and extracellular vesicles (EVs), reshaping the landscape of PaC. Recent studies demonstrated that the metastasis suppressor N-myc downstream regulated 1 (NDRG1) not only inhibits oncogenic signaling pathways in PaC cells but also alters the communication between PaC cells and the surrounding stroma. In fact, NDRG1 was found to influence the secretome of PaC cells, alter cancer cell metabolism, and interfere with intracellular trafficking and intercellular communication between PaC cells and surrounding fibroblasts. This review will present recent advancements in understanding the role of NDRG1 in PaC progression, with a focus on how this molecule influences PaC-stroma communication and its potential for re-shaping the PaC TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Chang
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of NSW, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Zoe H Y Lo
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Shafi Alenizi
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Zaklina Kovacevic
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of NSW, Sydney 2052, Australia
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Klett KC, Martin-Villa BC, Villarreal VS, Melemenidis S, Viswanathan V, Manjappa R, Ashraf MR, Soto L, Lau B, Dutt S, Rankin EB, Loo BW, Heilshorn SC. Human enteroids as a tool to study conventional and ultra-high dose rate radiation. Integr Biol (Camb) 2023; 15:zyad013. [PMID: 37874173 PMCID: PMC10594601 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyad013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy, one of the most effective therapies to treat cancer, is highly toxic to healthy tissue. The delivery of radiation at ultra-high dose rates, FLASH radiation therapy (FLASH), has been shown to maintain therapeutic anti-tumor efficacy while sparing normal tissues compared to conventional dose rate irradiation (CONV). Though promising, these studies have been limited mainly to murine models. Here, we leveraged enteroids, three-dimensional cell clusters that mimic the intestine, to study human-specific tissue response to radiation. We observed enteroids have a greater colony growth potential following FLASH compared with CONV. In addition, the enteroids that reformed following FLASH more frequently exhibited proper intestinal polarity. While we did not observe differences in enteroid damage across groups, we did see distinct transcriptomic changes. Specifically, the FLASH enteroids upregulated the expression of genes associated with the WNT-family, cell-cell adhesion, and hypoxia response. These studies validate human enteroids as a model to investigate FLASH and provide further evidence supporting clinical study of this therapy. Insight Box Promising work has been done to demonstrate the potential of ultra-high dose rate radiation (FLASH) to ablate cancerous tissue, while preserving healthy tissue. While encouraging, these findings have been primarily observed using pre-clinical murine and traditional two-dimensional cell culture. This study validates the use of human enteroids as a tool to investigate human-specific tissue response to FLASH. Specifically, the work described demonstrates the ability of enteroids to recapitulate previous in vivo findings, while also providing a lens through which to probe cellular and molecular-level responses to FLASH. The human enteroids described herein offer a powerful model that can be used to probe the underlying mechanisms of FLASH in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina C Klett
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Victoria S Villarreal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stavros Melemenidis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vignesh Viswanathan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rakesh Manjappa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Ramish Ashraf
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Luis Soto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Brianna Lau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Suparna Dutt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erinn B Rankin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Billy W Loo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sarah C Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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De Vitis C, Battaglia AM, Pallocca M, Santamaria G, Mimmi MC, Sacco A, De Nicola F, Gaspari M, Salvati V, Ascenzi F, Bruschini S, Esposito A, Ricci G, Sperandio E, Massacci A, Prestagiacomo LE, Vecchione A, Ricci A, Sciacchitano S, Salerno G, French D, Aversa I, Cereda C, Fanciulli M, Chiaradonna F, Solito E, Cuda G, Costanzo F, Ciliberto G, Mancini R, Biamonte F. ALDOC- and ENO2- driven glucose metabolism sustains 3D tumor spheroids growth regardless of nutrient environmental conditions: a multi-omics analysis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:69. [PMID: 36945054 PMCID: PMC10031988 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastases are the major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. By the time cancer cells detach from their primary site to eventually spread to distant sites, they need to acquire the ability to survive in non-adherent conditions and to proliferate within a new microenvironment in spite of stressing conditions that may severely constrain the metastatic process. In this study, we gained insight into the molecular mechanisms allowing cancer cells to survive and proliferate in an anchorage-independent manner, regardless of both tumor-intrinsic variables and nutrient culture conditions. METHODS 3D spheroids derived from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and breast cancer cells were cultured in either nutrient-rich or -restricted culture conditions. A multi-omics approach, including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, was used to explore the molecular changes underlying the transition from 2 to 3D cultures. Small interfering RNA-mediated loss of function assays were used to validate the role of the identified differentially expressed genes and proteins in H460 and HCC827 LUAD as well as in MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines. RESULTS We found that the transition from 2 to 3D cultures of H460 and MCF7 cells is associated with significant changes in the expression of genes and proteins involved in metabolic reprogramming. In particular, we observed that 3D tumor spheroid growth implies the overexpression of ALDOC and ENO2 glycolytic enzymes concomitant with the enhanced consumption of glucose and fructose and the enhanced production of lactate. Transfection with siRNA against both ALDOC and ENO2 determined a significant reduction in lactate production, viability and size of 3D tumor spheroids produced by H460, HCC827, MCF7, and T47D cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that anchorage-independent survival and growth of cancer cells are supported by changes in genes and proteins that drive glucose metabolism towards an enhanced lactate production. Notably, this finding is valid for all lung and breast cancer cell lines we have analyzed in different nutrient environmental conditions. broader Validation of this mechanism in other cancer cells of different origin will be necessary to broaden the role of ALDOC and ENO2 to other tumor types. Future in vivo studies will be necessary to assess the role of ALDOC and ENO2 in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia De Vitis
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Martina Battaglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Clinical Trial Center, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Santamaria
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Sacco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU Laboratory, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvati
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Ascenzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Bruschini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Esposito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania ''Luigi Vanvitelli'', Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sperandio
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Clinical Trial Center, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Massacci
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Clinical Trial Center, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Licia Elvira Prestagiacomo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ricci
- Respiratory Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacchitano
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerardo Salerno
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Deborah French
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Egle Solito
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Interdepartmental Centre of Services, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Director, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
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Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Contribute to Phenotypic Plasticity of Prostate Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021229. [PMID: 36674745 PMCID: PMC9864182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of male cancer deaths in the western world. Obesity significantly increases the risk of metastatic disease and is associated with a higher mortality rate. Systemic chronic inflammation can result from a variety of conditions, including obesity, where adipose tissue inflammation is a major contributor. Adipose tissue endothelial cells (EC) exposed to inflammation become dysfunctional and produce a secretome, including extracellular vesicles (EV), that can impact function of cells in distant tissues, including malignant cells. The aim of this study was to explore the potential role of EVs produced by obese adipose tissue and the ECs exposed to pro-inflammatory cytokines on prostate cancer phenotypic plasticity in vitro. We demonstrate that PC3ML metastatic prostate cancer cells exposed to EVs from adipose tissue ECs and to EVs from human adipose tissue total explants display reduced invasion and increased proliferation. The latter functional changes could be attributed to the EV miRNA cargo. We also show that the functional shift is TWIST1-dependent and is consistent with mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, which is key to establishment of secondary tumor growth. Understanding the complex effects of EVs on prostate cancer cells of different phenotypes is key before their intended use as therapeutics.
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NDRG1 in Cancer: A Suppressor, Promoter, or Both? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235739. [PMID: 36497221 PMCID: PMC9737586 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
N-myc downregulated gene-1 (NDRG1) has been variably reported as a metastasis suppressor, a biomarker of poor outcome, and a facilitator of disease progression in a range of different cancers. NDRG1 is poorly understood in cancer due to its context-dependent and pleiotropic functions. Within breast cancer, NDRG1 is reported to be either a facilitator of, or an inhibitor of tumour progression and metastasis. The wide array of roles played by NDRG1 are dependent on post-translational modifications and subcellular localization, as well as the cellular context, for example, cancer type. We present an update on NDRG1, and its association with hallmarks of cancer such as hypoxia, its interaction with oncogenic proteins such as p53 as well its role in oncogenic and metastasis pathways in breast and other cancers. We further comment on its functional implications as a metastasis suppressor and promoter, its clinical relevance, and discuss its therapeutic targetability in different cancers.
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8
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Park JS, Gabel AM, Kassir P, Kang L, Chowdhary PK, Osei-Ntansah A, Tran ND, Viswanathan S, Canales B, Ding P, Lee YS, Brewster R. N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (ndrg1) functions as a molecular switch for cellular adaptation to hypoxia. eLife 2022; 11:e74031. [PMID: 36214665 PMCID: PMC9550225 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of oxygen (hypoxia and anoxia) is detrimental to cell function and survival and underlies many disease conditions. Hence, metazoans have evolved mechanisms to adapt to low oxygen. One such mechanism, metabolic suppression, decreases the cellular demand for oxygen by downregulating ATP-demanding processes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this adaptation are poorly understood. Here, we report on the role of ndrg1a in hypoxia adaptation of the anoxia-tolerant zebrafish embryo. ndrg1a is expressed in the kidney and ionocytes, cell types that use large amounts of ATP to maintain ion homeostasis. ndrg1a mutants are viable and develop normally when raised under normal oxygen. However, their survival and kidney function is reduced relative to WT embryos following exposure to prolonged anoxia. We further demonstrate that Ndrg1a binds to the energy-demanding sodium-potassium ATPase (NKA) pump under anoxia and is required for its degradation, which may preserve ATP in the kidney and ionocytes and contribute to energy homeostasis. Lastly, we show that sodium azide treatment, which increases lactate levels under normoxia, is sufficient to trigger NKA degradation in an Ndrg1a-dependent manner. These findings support a model whereby Ndrg1a is essential for hypoxia adaptation and functions downstream of lactate signaling to induce NKA degradation, a process known to conserve cellular energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong S Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Austin M Gabel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Polina Kassir
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Lois Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Prableen K Chowdhary
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Afia Osei-Ntansah
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Neil D Tran
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Soujanya Viswanathan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Bryanna Canales
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Pengfei Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Rachel Brewster
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreUnited States
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9
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A splice altering variant in NDRG1 gene causes Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 4D. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:4463-4472. [PMID: 35149926 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-05893-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 4D (CMT4D) is a progressive, autosomal recessive form of CMT, characterized by distal muscle weakness and atrophy, foot deformities, severe motor sensory neuropathy, and sensorineural hearing impairment. Mutations in NDRG1 gene cause neuropathy in humans, dogs, and rodents. Here, we describe clinical and genetic features of a 17-year-old male with wasting of hand muscle and foot and severe motor neuropathy. Whole exome sequencing was carried out on the patient and his unaffected parents. We identified a novel deletion of nine nucleotides (c.537 + 2_537 + 10del) on the splice donor site of intron 8 in NDRG1 gene. The Sanger sequencing confirmed the segregation of this mutation in autosomal recessive inheritance. Furthermore, transcript analysis confirmed a splice defect and reveals using of an alternate cryptic splice donor site on the downstream intronic region. It resulted in an insertion of 42 nucleotides to exon 8 of NDRG1. Translation of the resulting transcript sequence revealed an insertion of 14 amino acids in-frame to the existing NDRG1 protein. This insertion is predicted to disrupt an alpha helix which is involved in protein-protein interactions in homologous proteins. Our study expands the clinical and genetic spectrum of CMT4D. The splice defect we found in this patient reveals a novel splice isoform of NDRG1 as the potential cause for the neuropathy observed in this patient.
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10
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McLean JW, Wilson JA, Tian T, Watson JA, VanHart M, Bean AJ, Scherer SS, Crossman DK, Ubogu E, Wilson SM. Disruption of Endosomal Sorting in Schwann Cells Leads to Defective Myelination and Endosomal Abnormalities Observed in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease. J Neurosci 2022; 42:5085-5101. [PMID: 35589390 PMCID: PMC9233440 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2481-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosomal sorting plays a fundamental role in directing neural development. By altering the temporal and spatial distribution of membrane receptors, endosomes regulate signaling pathways that control the differentiation and function of neural cells. Several genes linked to inherited demyelinating peripheral neuropathies, known as Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, encode proteins that directly interact with components of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT). Our previous studies demonstrated that a point mutation in the ESCRT component hepatocyte growth-factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HGS), an endosomal scaffolding protein that identifies internalized cargo to be sorted by the endosome, causes a peripheral neuropathy in the neurodevelopmentally impaired teetering mice. Here, we constructed a Schwann cell-specific deletion of Hgs to determine the role of endosomal sorting during myelination. Inactivation of HGS in Schwann cells resulted in motor and sensory deficits, slowed nerve conduction velocities, delayed myelination and hypomyelinated axons, all of which occur in demyelinating forms of CMT. Consistent with a delay in Schwann cell maturation, HGS-deficient sciatic nerves displayed increased mRNA levels for several promyelinating genes and decreased mRNA levels for genes that serve as markers of myelinating Schwann cells. Loss of HGS also altered the abundance and activation of the ERBB2/3 receptors, which are essential for Schwann cell development. We therefore hypothesize that HGS plays a critical role in endosomal sorting of the ERBB2/3 receptors during Schwann cell maturation, which further implicates endosomal dysfunction in inherited peripheral neuropathies.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Schwann cells myelinate peripheral axons, and defects in Schwann cell function cause inherited demyelinating peripheral neuropathies known as CMT. Although many CMT-linked mutations are in genes that encode putative endosomal proteins, little is known about the requirements of endosomal sorting during myelination. In this study, we demonstrate that loss of HGS disrupts the endosomal sorting pathway in Schwann cells, resulting in hypomyelination, aberrant myelin sheaths, and impairment of the ERBB2/3 receptor pathway. These findings suggest that defective endosomal trafficking of internalized cell surface receptors may be a common mechanism contributing to demyelinating CMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W McLean
- Department of Neurobiology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Julie A Wilson
- Department of Neurobiology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Tina Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Jennifer A Watson
- Department of Neurobiology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Mary VanHart
- Department of Neurobiology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Andrew J Bean
- Graduate College, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Steven S Scherer
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - David K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294
| | - Eroboghene Ubogu
- Department of Neurobiology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
- Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Scott M Wilson
- Department of Neurobiology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
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11
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Aberrant Neuregulin 1/ErbB Signaling in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 4D Disease. Mol Cell Biol 2022; 42:e0055921. [PMID: 35708320 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00559-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4D (CMT4D) is an autosomal recessive demyelinating form of CMT characterized by progressive motor and sensory neuropathy. N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is the causative gene for CMT4D. Although more CMT4D cases have been reported, the comprehensive molecular mechanism underlying CMT4D remains elusive. Here, we generated a novel knockout mouse model in which the fourth and fifth exons of the Ndrg1 gene were removed. Ndrg1-deficient mice develop early progressive demyelinating neuropathy and limb muscle weakness. The expression pattern of myelination-related transcriptional factors, including SOX10, OCT6, and EGR2, was abnormal in Ndrg1-deficient mice. We further investigated the activation of the ErbB2/3 receptor tyrosine kinases in Ndrg1-deficient sciatic nerves, as these proteins play essential roles in Schwann cell myelination. In the absence of NDRG1, although the total ErbB2/3 receptors expressed by Schwann cells were significantly increased, levels of the phosphorylated forms of ErbB2/3 and their downstream signaling cascades were decreased. This change was not associated with the level of the neuregulin 1 ligand, which was increased in Ndrg1-deficient mice. In addition, the integrin β4 receptor, which interacts with ErbB2/3 and positively regulates neuregulin 1/ErbB signaling, was significantly reduced in the Ndrg1-deficient nerve. In conclusion, our data suggest that the demyelinating phenotype of CMT4D disease is at least in part a consequence of molecular defects in neuregulin 1/ErbB signaling.
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12
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Zhang J, Jiang Z, Shi A. Rab GTPases: The principal players in crafting the regulatory landscape of endosomal trafficking. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:4464-4472. [PMID: 36051867 PMCID: PMC9418685 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
After endocytosis, diverse cargos are sorted into endosomes and directed to various destinations, including extracellular macromolecules, membrane lipids, and membrane proteins. Some cargos are returned to the plasma membrane via endocytic recycling. In contrast, others are delivered to the Golgi apparatus through the retrograde pathway, while the rest are transported to late endosomes and eventually to lysosomes for degradation. Rab GTPases are major regulators that ensure cargos are delivered to their proper destinations. Rabs are localized to distinct endosomes and play predominant roles in membrane budding, vesicle formation and motility, vesicle tethering, and vesicle fusion by recruiting effectors. The cascades between Rabs via shared effectors or the recruitment of Rab activators provide an additional layer of spatiotemporal regulation of endocytic trafficking. Notably, several recent studies have indicated that disorders of Rab-mediated endocytic transports are closely associated with diseases such as immunodeficiency, cancer, and neurological disorders.
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13
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Le N, Hufford TM, Park JS, Brewster RM. Differential expression and hypoxia-mediated regulation of the N-myc downstream regulated gene family. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21961. [PMID: 34665878 PMCID: PMC8573611 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100443r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Many organisms rely on oxygen to generate cellular energy (adenosine triphosphate or ATP). During severe hypoxia, the production of ATP decreases, leading to cell damage or death. Conversely, excessive oxygen causes oxidative stress that is equally damaging to cells. To mitigate pathological outcomes, organisms have evolved mechanisms to adapt to fluctuations in oxygen levels. Zebrafish embryos are remarkably hypoxia-tolerant, surviving anoxia (zero oxygen) for hours in a hypometabolic, energy-conserving state. To begin to unravel underlying mechanisms, we analyze here the distribution of the N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene (ndrg) family, ndrg1-4, and their transcriptional response to hypoxia. These genes have been primarily studied in cancer cells and hence little is understood about their normal function and regulation. We show here using in situ hybridization that ndrgs are expressed in metabolically demanding organs of the zebrafish embryo, such as the brain, kidney, and heart. To investigate whether ndrgs are hypoxia-responsive, we exposed embryos to different durations and severity of hypoxia and analyzed transcript levels. We observed that ndrgs are differentially regulated by hypoxia and that ndrg1a has the most robust response, with a ninefold increase following prolonged anoxia. We further show that this treatment resulted in de novo expression of ndrg1a in tissues where the transcript is not observed under normoxic conditions and changes in Ndrg1a protein expression post-reoxygenation. These findings provide an entry point into understanding the role of this conserved gene family in the adaptation of normal cells to hypoxia and reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyet Le
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Timothy M. Hufford
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jong S. Park
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Rachel M. Brewster
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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14
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Markworth R, Bähr M, Burk K. Held Up in Traffic-Defects in the Trafficking Machinery in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:695294. [PMID: 34483837 PMCID: PMC8415527 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.695294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), also known as motor and sensory neuropathy, describes a clinically and genetically heterogenous group of disorders affecting the peripheral nervous system. CMT typically arises in early adulthood and is manifested by progressive loss of motor and sensory functions; however, the mechanisms leading to the pathogenesis are not fully understood. In this review, we discuss disrupted intracellular transport as a common denominator in the pathogenesis of different CMT subtypes. Intracellular transport via the endosomal system is essential for the delivery of lipids, proteins, and organelles bidirectionally to synapses and the soma. As neurons of the peripheral nervous system are amongst the longest neurons in the human body, they are particularly susceptible to damage of the intracellular transport system, leading to a loss in axonal integrity and neuronal death. Interestingly, defects in intracellular transport, both in neurons and Schwann cells, have been found to provoke disease. This review explains the mechanisms of trafficking and subsequently summarizes and discusses the latest findings on how defects in trafficking lead to CMT. A deeper understanding of intracellular trafficking defects in CMT will expand our understanding of CMT pathogenesis and will provide novel approaches for therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronja Markworth
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katja Burk
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Göttingen, Germany
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15
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Mustonen V, Muruganandam G, Loris R, Kursula P, Ruskamo S. Crystal and solution structure of NDRG1, a membrane-binding protein linked to myelination and tumour suppression. FEBS J 2021; 288:3507-3529. [PMID: 33305529 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is a tumour suppressor involved in vesicular trafficking and stress response. NDRG1 participates in peripheral nerve myelination, and mutations in the NDRG1 gene lead to Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy. The 43-kDa NDRG1 is considered as an inactive member of the α/β hydrolase superfamily. In addition to a central α/β hydrolase fold domain, NDRG1 consists of a short N terminus and a C-terminal region with three 10-residue repeats. We determined the crystal structure of the α/β hydrolase domain of human NDRG1 and characterised the structure and dynamics of full-length NDRG1. The structure of the α/β hydrolase domain resembles the canonical α/β hydrolase fold with a central β sheet surrounded by α helices. Small-angle X-ray scattering and CD spectroscopy indicated a variable conformation for the N- and C-terminal regions. NDRG1 binds to various types of lipid vesicles, and the conformation of the C-terminal region is modulated upon lipid interaction. Intriguingly, NDRG1 interacts with metal ions, such as nickel, but is prone to aggregation in their presence. Our results uncover the structural and dynamic features of NDRG1, as well as elucidate its interactions with metals and lipids, and encourage studies to identify a putative hydrolase activity of NDRG1. DATABASES: The coordinates and structure factors for the crystal structure of human NDRG1 were deposited to PDB (PDB ID: 6ZMM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Venla Mustonen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Gopinath Muruganandam
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Remy Loris
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Petri Kursula
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Salla Ruskamo
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
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16
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Abstract
Cancer cells accumulate iron to supplement their aberrant growth and metabolism. Depleting cells of iron by iron chelators has been shown to be selectively cytotoxic to cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Iron chelators are effective at combating a range of cancers including those which are difficult to treat such as androgen insensitive prostate cancer and cancer stem cells. This review will evaluate the impact of iron chelation on cancer cell survival and the underlying mechanisms of action. A plethora of studies have shown iron chelators can reverse some of the major hallmarks and enabling characteristics of cancer. Iron chelators inhibit signalling pathways that drive proliferation, migration and metastasis as well as return tumour suppressive signalling. In addition to this, iron chelators stimulate apoptotic and ER stress signalling pathways inducing cell death even in cells lacking a functional p53 gene. Iron chelators can sensitise cancer cells to PARP inhibitors through mimicking BRCAness; a feature of cancers trademark genomic instability. Iron chelators target cancer cell metabolism, attenuating oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Moreover, iron chelators may reverse the major characteristics of oncogenic transformation. Iron chelation therefore represent a promising selective mode of cancer therapy.
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17
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Skedsmo FS, Espenes A, Tranulis MA, Matiasek K, Gunnes G, Bjerkås I, Moe L, Røed SS, Berendt M, Fredholm M, Rohdin C, Shelton GD, Bruheim P, Stafsnes MH, Bartosova Z, Hermansen LC, Stigen Ø, Jäderlund KH. Impaired NDRG1 functions in Schwann cells cause demyelinating neuropathy in a dog model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4D. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 31:56-68. [PMID: 33334662 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) cause degenerative polyneuropathy in ways that are poorly understood. We have investigated Alaskan Malamute dogs with neuropathy caused by a missense mutation in NDRG1. In affected animals, nerve levels of NDRG1 protein were reduced by more than 70% (p< 0.03). Nerve fibers were thinly myelinated, loss of large myelinated fibers was pronounced and teased fiber preparations showed both demyelination and remyelination. Inclusions of filamentous material containing actin were present in adaxonal Schwann cell cytoplasm and Schmidt-Lanterman clefts. This condition strongly resembles the human Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4D. However, the focally folded myelin with adaxonal infoldings segregating the axon found in this study are ultrastructural changes not described in the human disease. Furthermore, lipidomic analysis revealed a profound loss of peripheral nerve lipids. Our data suggest that the low levels of mutant NDRG1 is insufficient to support Schwann cells in maintaining myelin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik S Skedsmo
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Arild Espenes
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael A Tranulis
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kaspar Matiasek
- Section of Clinical & Comparative Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Veterinärstr. 13, D-80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Gjermund Gunnes
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Inge Bjerkås
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Moe
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Susan Skogtvedt Røed
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mette Berendt
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Merete Fredholm
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 2, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Cecilia Rohdin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ultunaalléen 5A, 756 51 Uppsala, Sweden; Anicura Albano Small Animal Hospital, Rinkebyvägen 21, 182 36 Danderyd, Sweden
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0709, United States of America
| | - Per Bruheim
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit H Stafsnes
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Zdenka Bartosova
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lene C Hermansen
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Universitetstunet 3, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Øyvind Stigen
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Karin H Jäderlund
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
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18
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Park KC, Paluncic J, Kovacevic Z, Richardson DR. Pharmacological targeting and the diverse functions of the metastasis suppressor, NDRG1, in cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 157:154-175. [PMID: 31132412 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N-myc downstream regulated gene-1 (NDRG1) is a potent metastasis suppressor that is regulated by hypoxia, metal ions including iron, the free radical nitric oxide (NO.), and various stress stimuli. This intriguing molecule exhibits diverse functions in cancer, inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration and angiogenesis by modulation of a plethora of oncogenes via cellular signaling. Thus, pharmacological targeting of NDRG1 signaling in cancer is a promising therapeutic strategy. Of note, novel anti-tumor agents of the di-2-pyridylketone thiosemicarbazone series, which exert the "double punch" mechanism by binding metal ions to form redox-active complexes, have been demonstrated to markedly up-regulate NDRG1 expression in cancer cells. This review describes the mechanisms underlying NDRG1 modulation by the thiosemicarbazones and the diverse effects NDRG1 exerts in cancer. As a major induction mechanism, iron depletion appears critical, with NO. also inducing NDRG1 through its ability to bind iron and generate dinitrosyl-dithiol iron complexes, which are then effluxed from cells. Apart from its potent anti-metastatic role, several studies have reported a pro-oncogenic role of NDRG1 in a number of cancer-types. Hence, it has been suggested that NDRG1 plays pleiotropic roles depending on the cancer-type. The molecular mechanism(s) underlying NDRG1 pleiotropy remain elusive, but are linked to differential regulation of WNT signaling and potentially differential interaction with the tumor suppressor, PTEN. This review discusses NDRG1 induction mechanisms by metal ions and NO. and both the anti- and possible pro-oncogenic functions of NDRG1 in multiple cancer-types and compares the opposite effects this protein exerts on cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Chan Park
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Jasmina Paluncic
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Zaklina Kovacevic
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
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19
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Okamura K, Abe Y, Naka I, Ohashi J, Yagami A, Matsunaga K, Kobayashi Y, Fukai K, Tanemura A, Katayama I, Masui Y, Ito A, Yamashita T, Nagai H, Nishigori C, Oiso N, Aoyama Y, Araki Y, Saito T, Hayashi M, Hozumi Y, Suzuki T. Genome-wide association study identifies CDH13 as a susceptibility gene for rhododendrol-induced leukoderma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 33:826-833. [PMID: 32558222 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Racemic RS-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanol (rhododendrol; trade name: Rhododenol [RD]), which is used in topical skin-lightening cosmetics, was unexpectedly reported in Japan to induce leukoderma or vitiligo called RD-induced leukoderma (RIL) after repeated application. To our knowledge, no studies have investigated chemical-induced vitiligo pathogenesis on a genome-wide scale. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for 147 cases and 112 controls. CDH13, encoding a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein called T-cadherin (T-cad), was identified as the strongest RIL susceptibility gene. RD sensitivity was remarkably increased by T-cad knockdown in cultured normal human melanocytes. Furthermore, we confirmed tyrosinase upregulation and downregulation of the anti-apoptotic molecules (BCL-2 and BCL-XL), suggesting that T-cad is associated with RD via tyrosinase or apoptotic pathway regulation. Finally, monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone sensitivity also tended to increase with T-cad knockdown, suggesting that the T-cad could be a candidate susceptibility gene for RIL and other chemical-induced vitiligo forms. This is the first GWAS for chemical-induced vitiligo, and it could be a useful model for studying the disease's genetic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Okamura
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yuko Abe
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Izumi Naka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Ohashi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Yagami
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Allergology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kayoko Matsunaga
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Integrative Medical Science for Allergic Disease, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yui Kobayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Fukai
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanemura
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Katayama
- Department of Dermatology, Course of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Pigmentation Research and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukiko Masui
- Division of Dermatology, Nagata Clinic, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiko Ito
- Division of Dermatology, Nagata Clinic, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Yamashita
- Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagai
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Chikako Nishigori
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naoki Oiso
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yumi Aoyama
- Department of Dermatology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuta Araki
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Toru Saito
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hozumi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tamio Suzuki
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
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20
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Li Z, Lin J, Sibley AB, Truong T, Chua KC, Jiang Y, McCarthy J, Kroetz DL, Allen A, Owzar K. Efficient estimation of grouped survival models. BMC Bioinformatics 2019; 20:269. [PMID: 31138120 PMCID: PMC6540566 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-2899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Time- and dose-to-event phenotypes used in basic science and translational studies are commonly measured imprecisely or incompletely due to limitations of the experimental design or data collection schema. For example, drug-induced toxicities are not reported by the actual time or dose triggering the event, but rather are inferred from the cycle or dose to which the event is attributed. This exemplifies a prevalent type of imprecise measurement called grouped failure time, where times or doses are restricted to discrete increments. Failure to appropriately account for the grouped nature of the data, when present, may lead to biased analyses. Results We present groupedSurv, an R package which implements a statistically rigorous and computationally efficient approach for conducting genome-wide analyses based on grouped failure time phenotypes. Our approach accommodates adjustments for baseline covariates, and analysis at the variant or gene level. We illustrate the statistical properties of the approach and computational performance of the package by simulation. We present the results of a reanalysis of a published genome-wide study to identify common germline variants associated with the risk of taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients. Conclusions groupedSurv enables fast and rigorous genome-wide analysis on the basis of grouped failure time phenotypes at the variant, gene or pathway level. The package is freely available under a public license through the Comprehensive R Archive Network. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12859-019-2899-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Deshpande V, Kao A, Raghuram V, Datta A, Chou CL, Knepper MA. Phosphoproteomic identification of vasopressin V2 receptor-dependent signaling in the renal collecting duct. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F789-F804. [PMID: 31313956 PMCID: PMC6843035 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00281.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasopressin controls water balance largely through PKA-dependent effects to regulate the collecting duct water channel aquaporin-2 (AQP2). Although considerable information has accrued regarding the regulation of water and solute transport in collecting duct cells, information is sparse regarding the signaling connections between PKA and transport responses. Here, we exploited recent advancements in protein mass spectrometry to perform a comprehensive, multiple-replicate analysis of changes in the phosphoproteome of native rat inner medullary collecting duct cells in response to the vasopressin V2 receptor-selective agonist 1-desamino-8D-arginine vasopressin. Of the 10,738 phosphopeptides quantified, only 156 phosphopeptides were significantly increased in abundance, and only 63 phosphopeptides were decreased, indicative of a highly selective response to vasopressin. The list of upregulated phosphosites showed several general characteristics: 1) a preponderance of sites with basic (positively charged) amino acids arginine (R) and lysine (K) in position -2 and -3 relative to the phosphorylated amino acid, consistent with phosphorylation by PKA and/or other basophilic kinases; 2) a greater-than-random likelihood of sites previously demonstrated to be phosphorylated by PKA; 3) a preponderance of sites in membrane proteins, consistent with regulation by membrane association; and 4) a greater-than-random likelihood of sites in proteins with class I COOH-terminal PDZ ligand motifs. The list of downregulated phosphosites showed a preponderance of those with proline in position +1 relative to the phosphorylated amino acid, consistent with either downregulation of proline-directed kinases (e.g., MAPKs or cyclin-dependent kinases) or upregulation of one or more protein phosphatases that selectively dephosphorylate such sites (e.g., protein phosphatase 2A). The phosphoproteomic data were used to create a web resource for the investigation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling and regulation of AQP2-mediated water transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Deshpande
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anika Kao
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Viswanathan Raghuram
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Arnab Datta
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chung-Lin Chou
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark A Knepper
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Activates Lipophagy To Facilitate Viral Replication through Downregulation of NDRG1 Expression. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.00526-19. [PMID: 31189711 PMCID: PMC6694807 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00526-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy maintains cellular homeostasis by degrading organelles, proteins, and lipids in lysosomes. Autophagy is involved in the innate and adaptive immune responses to a variety of pathogens. Some viruses can hijack host autophagy to enhance their replication. However, the role of autophagy in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection is unclear. Here, we show that N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) deficiency induced autophagy, which facilitated PRRSV replication by regulating lipid metabolism. NDRG1 mRNA is expressed ubiquitously in most porcine tissues and most strongly in white adipose tissue. PRRSV infection downregulated the expression of NDRG1 mRNA and protein, while NDRG1 deficiency contributed to PRRSV RNA replication and progeny virus assembly. NDRG1 deficiency reduced the number of intracellular lipid droplets (LDs), but the expression levels of key genes in lipogenesis and lipolysis were not altered. Our results also show that NDRG1 deficiency promoted autophagy and increased the subsequent yields of hydrolyzed free fatty acids (FFAs). The reduced LD numbers, increased FFA levels, and enhanced PRRSV replication were abrogated in the presence of an autophagy inhibitor. Overall, our findings suggest that NDRG1 plays a negative role in PRRSV replication by suppressing autophagy and LD degradation.IMPORTANCE Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an enveloped single-positive-stranded RNA virus, causes acute respiratory distress in piglets and reproductive failure in sows. It has led to tremendous economic losses in the swine industry worldwide since it was first documented in the late 1980s. Vaccination is currently the major strategy used to control the disease. However, conventional vaccines and other strategies do not provide satisfactory or sustainable prevention. Therefore, safe and effective strategies to control PRRSV are urgently required. The significance of our research is that we demonstrate a previously unreported relationship between PRRSV, NDRG1, and lipophagy in the context of viral infection. Furthermore, our data point to a new role for NDRG1 in autophagy and lipid metabolism. Thus, NDRG1 and lipophagy will have significant implications for understanding PRRSV pathogenesis for developing new therapeutics.
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23
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Yu C, Hao X, Zhang S, Hu W, Li J, Sun J, Zheng M. Characterization of the prognostic values of the NDRG family in gastric cancer. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2019; 12:1756284819858507. [PMID: 31384305 PMCID: PMC6647212 DOI: 10.1177/1756284819858507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The N-myc downstream-regulated gene (NDRG) family, NDRG1-4, has been involved in a wide spectrum of biological functions in multiple cancers. However, their prognostic values remain sparse in gastric cancer (GC). Therefore, it is crucial to systematically investigate the prognostic values of the NDRG family in GC. METHODS The prognostic values of the NDRG family were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier Plotter and SurvExpress. The mRNA of the NDRG family was investigated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs associated with the NDRG family were predicted by NetworkAnalysis. The prognostic values of DNA methylation levels were analyzed by MethSurv. The correlation between immune cells and the NDRG family was evaluated by the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database. RESULTS High levels of mRNA expression of NDRG2 and NDRG3 were associated with a favorable prognosis in all GCs. In HER2 - GC, NDRG1 was significantly associated with a poor prognosis of GC [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.16-2.33, p = 0.0046]. In HER2 + GC, NDRG4 showed a poor prognosis (HR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.06-1.85, p = 0.017). NDRG4 was an independent prognostic factor in recurrence-free survival by TCGA cohort. The low-risk NDRG-signature group displayed a significantly favorable survival outcome than the high-risk group (HR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.2-2.59, p = 0.00385). The phosphorylated protein NDRG1 (NDRG1_pT346) displayed a favorable overall survival and was significantly associated with HER2 and phosphorylated HER2. Epidermis development was the top biological process (BP) for coexpressed genes associated with NDRG1 and NDRG4, while mitotic nuclear division and mitotic cell processes were the top BPs for NDRG2 and NDRG3, respectively. Overall, 6 CpGs of NDRG1, 4 CpGs of NDRG2, 3 CpGs of NDRG3 and 24 CpGs of NDRG4 were associated with significant prognosis. CD4+ T-cells showed the highest correlation with NDRG4 (correlation = 0.341, p = 2.14e-11). Furthermore, BCL6 in follicular helper T-cells (Tfh) cells showed the highest association with NDRG4 (correlation = 0.438, p = 00e+00). CONCLUSIONS This study analyzed the multilevel prognostic values and biological roles of the NDRG family in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoran Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin
Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai,
China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center,
Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Hao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin
Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai,
China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center,
Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin
Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai,
China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center,
Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin
Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai,
China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center,
Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
| | - Jianwen Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin
Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai,
China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center,
Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin
Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai,
China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center,
Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine,
Shanghai, China
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Solan JL, Márquez-Rosado L, Lampe PD. Cx43 phosphorylation-mediated effects on ERK and Akt protect against ischemia reperfusion injury and alter the stability of the stress-inducible protein NDRG1. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11762-11771. [PMID: 31189653 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gap junctions contain intercellular channels that enable intercellular communication of small molecules while also serving as a signaling scaffold. Connexins, the proteins that form gap junctions in vertebrates, are highly regulated and typically have short (<2 h) half-lives. Connexin43 (Cx43), the predominate connexin in the myocardium and epithelial tissues, is phosphorylated on more than a dozen serine residues and interacts with a variety of protein kinases. These interactions regulate Cx43 and gap junction formation and stability. Casein kinase 1 (CK1)-mediated phosphorylation of Cx43 promotes gap junction assembly. Using murine knock-in technology and quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, and immunoprecipitation assays, we show here that mutation of the CK1 phosphorylation sites in Cx43 reduces the levels of total Cx43 in the myocardium and increases Cx43 phosphorylation on sites phosphorylated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). In aged myocardium, we found that, compared with WT Cx43, mutant Cx43 expression increases ERK activation, phosphorylation of Akt substrates, and protection from ischemia-induced injury. Our findings also uncovered that Cx43 interacts with the hypoxia-inducible protein N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 1 protein (NDRG1) and that Cx43 phosphorylation status controls this interaction and dramatically affects NDRG1 stability. We propose that, in addition to altering gap junction stability, Cx43 phosphorylation directly and dynamically regulates cellular signaling through ERK and Akt in response to ischemic injury. We conclude that gap junction-dependent NDRG1 regulation might explain some cellular responses to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joell L Solan
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences and Human Biology Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109
| | - Lucrecia Márquez-Rosado
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences and Human Biology Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109
| | - Paul D Lampe
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences and Human Biology Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109
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25
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Skedsmo FS, Tranulis MA, Espenes A, Prydz K, Matiasek K, Gunnes G, Hermansen LC, Jäderlund KH. Cell and context-dependent sorting of neuropathy-associated protein NDRG1 - insights from canine tissues and primary Schwann cell cultures. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:121. [PMID: 31029158 PMCID: PMC6487035 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1872-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) can cause degenerative polyneuropathy in humans, dogs, and rodents. In humans, this motor and sensory neuropathy is known as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4D, and it is assumed that analogous canine diseases can be used as models for this disease. NDRG1 is also regarded as a metastasis-suppressor in several malignancies. The tissue distribution of NDRG1 has been described in humans and rodents, but this has not been studied in the dog. RESULTS By immunolabeling and Western blotting, we present a detailed mapping of NDRG1 in dog tissues and primary canine Schwann cell cultures, with particular emphasis on peripheral nerves. High levels of phosphorylated NDRG1 appear in distinct subcellular localizations of the Schwann cells, suggesting signaling-driven rerouting of the protein. In a nerve from an Alaskan malamute homozygous for the disease-causing Gly98Val mutation in NDRG1, this signal was absent. Furthermore, NDRG1 is present in canine epithelial cells, predominantly in the cytosolic compartment, often with basolateral localization. Constitutive expression also occurs in mesenchymal cells, including developing spermatids that are transiently positive for NDRG1. In some cells, NDRG1 localize to centrosomes. CONCLUSIONS Overall, canine NDRG1 shows a cell and context-dependent localization. Our data from peripheral nerves and primary Schwann cell cultures suggest that the subcellular localization of NDRG1 in Schwann cells is dynamically influenced by signaling events leading to reversible phosphorylation of the protein. We propose that disease-causing mutations in NDRG1 can disrupt signaling in myelinating Schwann cells, causing disturbance in myelin homeostasis and axonal-glial cross talk, thereby precipitating polyneuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik S Skedsmo
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael A Tranulis
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arild Espenes
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristian Prydz
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kaspar Matiasek
- Section of Clinical & Comparative Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Gjermund Gunnes
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lene C Hermansen
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Karin H Jäderlund
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
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Upregulation of NDRG1 predicts poor outcome and facilitates disease progression by influencing the EMT process in bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5166. [PMID: 30914736 PMCID: PMC6435802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41660-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is an intracellular protein involved in cell differentiation and was recently reported to exert various effects in several cancers. However, its expression and role in bladder cancer remain unclear. Our study enrolled 100 bladder cancer patients to detect NDRG1 expression in tumour tissues by immunohistochemistry. Correlations between NDRG1 expression and clinical factors were analysed. An NDRG1 overexpression plasmid and NDRG1 siRNAs were transfected into bladder cancer cell lines. Cell biological behaviours were assessed by CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing and Transwell assays. Additionally, the influence of NDRG1 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was investigated by western blotting and real-time PCR. NDRG1 expression in urine from bladder cancer patients was examined by ELISA. NDRG1 protein levels were significantly increased in bladder cancer patients and correlated with tumour stage (p = 0.025), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.034) and overall survival (p = 0.016). Patients with high NDRG1 expression had poorer outcomes than those with low NDRG1 expression. NDRG1 overexpression was associated with increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and decreased apoptotic cell numbers; NDRG1 knockdown resulted in the inverse effects. Moreover, upregulated NDRG1 expression was associated with downregulated Cytokeratin 7 and Claudin-1 expression and upregulated N-cad, β-catenin and slug expression. Downregulated NDRG1 expression was associated with the inverse effects. Urine protein levels could distinguish bladder cancer patients from healthy controls, with an area under the curve of 0.909. NDRG1 promoted EMT in bladder cancer and could be an effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in bladder cancer patients.
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Zhang B, Wang W, Li C, Liu R. Inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II plays critical roles in the modulation of cadherin-mediated adhesion dynamics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Cell Adh Migr 2018; 12:548-563. [PMID: 29952716 PMCID: PMC6363046 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2018.1491496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B) has been mostly proposed to act as a tumor suppressor whose expression is frequently dysregulated in numerous human cancers. To date, little is unveiled about whether and how INPP4B will exert its tumor suppressive function on the turnover of cadherin-based cell-cell adhesion system in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) in vitro. Here we provide the evidence that INPP4B manipulates cadherin switch in certain PDAC cell lines through a phosphorylated AKT-inactivation manner. The knockdown of INPP4B in AsPC-1 results in a more invasive phenotype, and overexpression of it in PANC-1 leads to partial reversion of mesenchymal status and impediment of in vitro invasion but not migration. More importantly, E-cadherin (Ecad) is enriched in the early and sorting endosomes containing INPP4B by which its recycling rather than degradation is enabled. Immunohistochemical analysis of 39 operatively resected PDAC specimens reveals it is poorly differentiated, non-cohesive ones in which the INPP4B and Ecad are partially or completely compromised in expression. We therefore identify INPP4B as an tumor suppressor in PDAC which attenuates AKT activation and participates in preservation of Ecad in endocytic pool and cellular membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- 2nd Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Institute of Burns, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chonghui Li
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Liu
- 2nd Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
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28
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Park KC, Menezes SV, Kalinowski DS, Sahni S, Jansson PJ, Kovacevic Z, Richardson DR. Identification of differential phosphorylation and sub-cellular localization of the metastasis suppressor, NDRG1. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2644-2663. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Sevinsky CJ, Khan F, Kokabee L, Darehshouri A, Maddipati KR, Conklin DS. NDRG1 regulates neutral lipid metabolism in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:55. [PMID: 29898756 PMCID: PMC6001025 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Altered lipid metabolism is an emerging hallmark of aggressive breast cancers. The N-myc downstream regulated gene (NDRG1) gene plays a critical role in peripheral nervous system myelination, as inactivating mutations cause severe demyelinating neuropathy. In breast cancer, elevated NDRG1 expression has been linked to clinical outcomes, but its functional role in breast cancer physiology has remained unclear. Methods A meta-analysis of NDRG1 expression in multiple large publicly available genomic databases was conducted. Genome-wide expression correlation and Cox proportional hazards and Kaplan-Meier modeling of clinical outcomes associated with elevated expression were assessed. To study NDRG1 function, gene silencing and overexpression phenotypic studies were carried out in a panel of cell lines representing all major breast cancer molecular subtypes. Changes in cell proliferation, morphology, and neutral lipid accumulation due to altered NDRG1 expression were assessed by high throughput, quantitative microscopy. Comprehensive lipidomics mass spectrometry was applied to characterize global changes in lipid species due to NDRG1 silencing. Labeled fatty acids were used to monitor cellular fatty acid uptake and subcellular distribution under nutrient replete and starvation culture conditions. Results NDRG1 overexpression correlated with glycolytic and hypoxia-associated gene expression, and was associated with elevated rates of metastasis and patient mortality. Silencing NDRG1 reduced cell proliferation rates, causing lipid metabolism dysfunction including increased fatty acid incorporation into neutral lipids and lipid droplets. Conversely, NDRG1 expression minimized lipid droplet formation under nutrient replete and starvation conditions. Conclusions Here we report that NDRG1 contributes to breast cancer aggressiveness by regulating the fate of lipids in cells that exhibit an altered lipid metabolic phenotype. In line with its role in promoting myelination and its association with altered metabolism in cancer, our findings show that NDRG1 is a critical regulator of lipid fate in breast cancer cells. The association between NDRG1 and poor prognosis in breast cancer suggests it should play a more prominent role in patient risk assessment. The function of NDRG1 in breast cancer lipid metabolism may represent a promising therapeutic approach in the future. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-0980-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Sevinsky
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Albany, CRC 342, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, 12144-3456, USA
| | - Faiza Khan
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Albany, CRC 342, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, 12144-3456, USA
| | - Leila Kokabee
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Albany, CRC 342, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, 12144-3456, USA
| | - Anza Darehshouri
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Lipidomics Core Facility, Wayne State University, 435 Chemistry Bldg., Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Douglas S Conklin
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Albany, CRC 342, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, 12144-3456, USA.
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30
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Vaes N, Lentjes MHFM, Gijbels MJ, Rademakers G, Daenen KL, Boesmans W, Wouters KAD, Geuzens A, Qu X, Steinbusch HPJ, Rutten BPF, Baldwin SH, Sharkey KA, Hofstra RMW, van Engeland M, Vanden Berghe P, Melotte V. NDRG4, an early detection marker for colorectal cancer, is specifically expressed in enteric neurons. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29. [PMID: 28524415 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoter methylation of N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 4 (NDRG4) in fecal DNA is an established early detection marker for colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite its connection to CRC, NDRG4 is predominantly studied in brain and heart, with little to no knowledge about its expression or role in other organs. In this study, we aimed to determine the whole-body expression of NDRG4, with a focus on the intestinal tract. METHODS We investigated NDRG4 expression throughout the body by immunohistochemistry, Western Blotting and in situ mRNA hybridization using tissues from NDRG4 wild-type, heterozygous and knockout mice and humans. In addition, we explored cell-specific expression of NDRG4 in murine whole-mount gut preparations using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. KEY RESULTS NDRG4 is specifically expressed within nervous system structures throughout the body. In the intestinal tract of both mouse and man, NDRG4 immunoreactivity was restricted to the enteric nervous system (ENS), where it labeled cell bodies of the myenteric and submucosal plexuses and interconnecting nerve fibers. More precisely, NDRG4 expression was limited to neurons, as NDRG4 always co-localized with HuC/D (pan-neuronal marker) but never with GFAP (an enteric glial cell marker). Furthermore, NDRG4 was expressed in various neuropeptide Y positive neurons, but was only found in a minority (~10%) of neurons expressing neuronal nitric oxide synthase. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES NDRG4 is exclusively expressed by central, peripheral and enteric neurons/nerves, suggesting a neuronal-specific role of this protein. Our findings raise the question whether NDRG4, via the ENS, an understudied component of the tumor microenvironment, supports CRC development and/or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Vaes
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M H F M Lentjes
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M J Gijbels
- Departments of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G Rademakers
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - K L Daenen
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - W Boesmans
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory for Enteric Neuroscience (LENS); Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K A D Wouters
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Geuzens
- Laboratory for Enteric Neuroscience (LENS); Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - X Qu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - H P J Steinbusch
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - B P F Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S H Baldwin
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - K A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - R M W Hofstra
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Rotterdam, EMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M van Engeland
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - P Vanden Berghe
- Laboratory for Enteric Neuroscience (LENS); Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - V Melotte
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Rotterdam, EMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Li LX, Liu GL, Liu ZJ, Lu C, Wu ZY. Identification and functional characterization of two missense mutations in NDRG1 associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4D. Hum Mutat 2017; 38:1569-1578. [PMID: 28776325 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4D (CMT4D) is an autosomal-recessive demyelinating form of CMT characterized by a severe distal motor and sensory neuropathy. NDRG1 is the causative gene for CMT4D. To date, only four mutations in NDRG1 -c.442C>T (p.Arg148*), c.739delC (p.His247Thrfs*74), c.538-1G>A, and duplication of exons 6-8-have been described in CMT4D patients. Here, using targeted next-generation sequencing examination, we identified for the first time two homozygous missense variants in NDRG1, c.437T>C (p.Leu146Pro) and c.701G>A (p.Arg234Gln), in two Chinese CMT families with consanguineous histories. Further functional studies were performed to characterize the biological effects of these variants. Cell culture transfection studies showed that mutant NDRG1 carrying p.Leu146Pro, p.Arg148*, or p.Arg234Gln variant degraded faster than wild-type NDRG1, resulting in lower protein levels. Live cell confocal microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation analysis indicated that these variants did not disrupt the interaction between NDRG1 and Rab4a protein. However, NDRG1-knockdown cells expressing mutant NDRG1 displayed enlarged Rab4a-positive compartments. Moreover, mutant NDRG1 could not enhance the uptake of DiI-LDL or increase the fraction of low-density lipoprotein receptor on the cell surface. Taken together, our study described two missense mutations in NDRG1 and emphasized the important role of NDRG1 in intracellular protein trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xi Li
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong-Lu Liu
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Lu
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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32
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Chichger H, Braza J, Duong H, Boni G, Harrington EO. Select Rab GTPases Regulate the Pulmonary Endothelium via Endosomal Trafficking of Vascular Endothelial-Cadherin. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:769-81. [PMID: 26551054 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0286oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary edema occurs in settings of acute lung injury, in diseases, such as pneumonia, and in acute respiratory distress syndrome. The lung interendothelial junctions are maintained in part by vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, an adherens junction protein, and its surface expression is regulated by endocytic trafficking. The Rab family of small GTPases are regulators of endocytic trafficking. The key trafficking pathways are regulated by Rab4, -7, and -9. Rab4 regulates the recycling of endosomes to the cell surface through a rapid-shuttle process, whereas Rab7 and -9 regulate trafficking to the late endosome/lysosome for degradation or from the trans-Golgi network to the late endosome, respectively. We recently demonstrated a role for the endosomal adaptor protein, p18, in regulation of the pulmonary endothelium through enhanced recycling of VE-cadherin to adherens junction. Thus, we hypothesized that Rab4, -7, and -9 regulate pulmonary endothelial barrier function through modulating trafficking of VE-cadherin-positive endosomes. We used Rab mutants with varying activities and associations to the endosome to study endothelial barrier function in vitro and in vivo. Our study demonstrates a key role for Rab4 activation and Rab9 inhibition in regulation of vascular permeability through enhanced VE-cadherin expression at the interendothelial junction. We further showed that endothelial barrier function mediated through Rab4 is dependent on extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and activity. Thus, we demonstrate that Rab4 and -9 regulate VE-cadherin levels at the cell surface to modulate the pulmonary endothelium through extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent and -independent pathways, respectively. We propose that regulating select Rab GTPases represents novel therapeutic strategies for patients suffering with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Havovi Chichger
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Julie Braza
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Huetran Duong
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Geraldine Boni
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Elizabeth O Harrington
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Sharma A, Mendonca J, Ying J, Kim H, Verdone JE, Zarif JC, Carducci M, Hammers H, Pienta KJ, Kachhap S. The prostate metastasis suppressor gene NDRG1 differentially regulates cell motility and invasion. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:655-669. [PMID: 28371345 PMCID: PMC5467496 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that N-myc downregulated gene 1 (NDRG1) functions as a suppressor of prostate cancer metastasis. Elucidating pathways that drive survival and invasiveness of NDRG1-deficient prostate cancer cells can help in designing therapeutics to target metastatic prostate cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms that lead NDRG1-deficient prostate cancer cells to increased invasiveness remain largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that NDRG1-deficient prostate tumors have decreased integrin expression and reduced cell adhesion and motility. Our data indicate that loss of NDRG1 differentially affects Rho GTPases. Specifically, there is a downregulation of active RhoA and Rac1 GTPases with a concomitant upregulation of active Cdc42 in NDRG1-deficient cells. Live cell imaging using a fluorescent sensor that binds to polymerized actin revealed that NDRG1-deficient cells have restricted actin dynamics, thereby affecting cell migration. These cellular and molecular characteristics are in sharp contrast to what is expected after loss of a metastasis suppressor. We further demonstrate that NDRG1-deficient cells have increased resistance to anoikis and increased invasiveness which is independent of its elevated Cdc42 activity. Furthermore, NDRG1 regulates expression and glycosylation of EMMPRIN, a master regulator of matrix metalloproteases. NDRG1 deficiency leads to an increase in EMMPRIN expression with a concomitant increase in matrix metalloproteases and thus invadopodial activity. Using a three-dimensional invasion assay and an in vivo metastasis assay for human prostate xenografts, we demonstrate that NDRG1-deficient prostate cancer cells exhibit a collective invasion phenotype and are highly invasive. Thus, our findings provide novel insights suggesting that loss of NDRG1 leads to a decrease in actin-mediated cellular motility but an increase in cellular invasion, resulting in increased tumor dissemination which positively impacts metastatic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Sharma
- Prostate Cancer ProgramDepartment of OncologyThe Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Janet Mendonca
- Prostate Cancer ProgramDepartment of OncologyThe Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - James Ying
- Prostate Cancer ProgramDepartment of OncologyThe Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Hea‐Soo Kim
- Prostate Cancer ProgramDepartment of OncologyThe Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - James E. Verdone
- Department of UrologyThe James Buchanan Brady Urological InstituteThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Jelani C. Zarif
- Department of UrologyThe James Buchanan Brady Urological InstituteThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Michael Carducci
- Prostate Cancer ProgramDepartment of OncologyThe Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Hans Hammers
- Prostate Cancer ProgramDepartment of OncologyThe Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Kenneth J. Pienta
- Department of UrologyThe James Buchanan Brady Urological InstituteThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Sushant Kachhap
- Prostate Cancer ProgramDepartment of OncologyThe Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMDUSA
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Gon Y, Maruoka S, Kishi H, Kozu Y, Kazumichi K, Nomura Y, Takeshita I, Oshima T, Hashimoto S. NDRG1 is important to maintain the integrity of airway epithelial barrier through claudin-9 expression. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:716-725. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Gon
- Division of Respiratory Medicine; Nihon University School of Medicine; 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamicho Itabashiku Tokyo 173-8610 Japan
- Division of Otolaryngology; Nihon University School of Medicine; 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamicho Itabashiku Tokyo 173-8610 Japan
| | - Shuichiro Maruoka
- Division of Respiratory Medicine; Nihon University School of Medicine; 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamicho Itabashiku Tokyo 173-8610 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kishi
- Division of Otolaryngology; Nihon University School of Medicine; 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamicho Itabashiku Tokyo 173-8610 Japan
| | - Yutaka Kozu
- Division of Respiratory Medicine; Nihon University School of Medicine; 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamicho Itabashiku Tokyo 173-8610 Japan
| | - Kuroda Kazumichi
- Division of Microbiology; Nihon University School of Medicine; 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamicho Itabashiku Tokyo 173-8610 Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nomura
- Division of Otolaryngology; Nihon University School of Medicine; 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamicho Itabashiku Tokyo 173-8610 Japan
| | - Ikuko Takeshita
- Division of Respiratory Medicine; Nihon University School of Medicine; 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamicho Itabashiku Tokyo 173-8610 Japan
| | - Takeshi Oshima
- Division of Otolaryngology; Nihon University School of Medicine; 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamicho Itabashiku Tokyo 173-8610 Japan
| | - Shu Hashimoto
- Division of Respiratory Medicine; Nihon University School of Medicine; 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamicho Itabashiku Tokyo 173-8610 Japan
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Verma N, Müller AK, Kothari C, Panayotopoulou E, Kedan A, Selitrennik M, Mills GB, Nguyen LK, Shin S, Karn T, Holtrich U, Lev S. Targeting of PYK2 Synergizes with EGFR Antagonists in Basal-like TNBC and Circumvents HER3-Associated Resistance via the NEDD4–NDRG1 Axis. Cancer Res 2016; 77:86-99. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Li X, Li M, Tian X, Li Q, Lu Q, Jia Q, Zhang L, Yan J, Li X, Li X. Golgi Phosphoprotein 3 Inhibits the Apoptosis of Human Glioma Cells in Part by Downregulating N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:3535-3543. [PMID: 27698340 PMCID: PMC5053125 DOI: 10.12659/msm.900349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) has been reported to be involved in the development of several human cancers. Our previous study showed that GOLPH3 expression in glioma tissues was related to the severity of the malignancy of the cancer. However, the mechanism by which GOLPH3 affects cell apoptosis is largely unknown. The present study was designed to explore the possible mechanism of GOLPH3 in cell apoptosis. Material/Methods To analyze the biological role of GOLPH3 in glioma cells, we used GOLPH3 small interference RNA in apoptosis of glioma cells. The apoptosis of glioma cells was detected by flow cytometry. The expression level of GOLPH3 and NDRG1 protein was determined by Western blot analyses and immunohistochemical staining, respectively, to evaluate their association with glioma. Tumor tissues were collected from patients with glioma. Normal cerebral tissues were acquired from cerebral trauma patients undergoing internal decompression surgery. Results We confirm that the decrease of GOLPH3 that promotes the apoptosis of glioma cells may be regulated by the activation of NDRG1 and cleaved capcase 3. There was a inverse association between GOLPH3 and NDRG1 in glioma samples. Conclusions Our findings indicate that GOLPH3 and NDRG1 both play an important role in glioma etiology. Either GOLPH3 or NDRG1 might be a potential candidate for malignant glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Mengyou Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiuli Tian
- Department of Respiratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qingzhe Li
- , Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qingyang Lu
- Department of Pathology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qingbin Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Lianqun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jinqiang Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, , China (mainland)
| | - Xueyuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xingang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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37
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Lindsay AJ, McCaffrey MW. Rab coupling protein mediated endosomal recycling of N-cadherin influences cell motility. Oncotarget 2016; 8:104717-104732. [PMID: 29285208 PMCID: PMC5739595 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rab coupling protein (RCP) is a Rab GTPase effector that functions in endosomal recycling. The RCP gene is frequently amplified in breast cancer, leading to increased cancer aggressiveness. Furthermore, RCP enhances the motility of ovarian cancer cells by coordinating the recycling of α5β1 integrin and EGF receptor to the leading edge of migrating cells. Here we report that RCP also influences the motility of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Knockdown of RCP inhibits the motility of A549 cells in 2D and 3D migration assays, while its overexpression enhances migration in these assays. Depletion of RCP leads to a reduction in N-cadherin protein levels, which could be restored with lysosomal inhibitors. Trafficking assays revealed that RCP knockdown inhibits the return of endocytosed N-cadherin to the cell surface. We propose that RCP regulates the endosomal recycling of N-cadherin, and in its absence N-cadherin is diverted to the degradative pathway. The increased aggressiveness of tumour cells that overexpress RCP may be due to biased recycling of N-cadherin in metastatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Lindsay
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary W McCaffrey
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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38
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Chang X, Xu X, Xue X, Ma J, Li Z, Deng P, Chen J, Zhang S, Zhi Y, Dai D. NDRG1 Controls Gastric Cancer Migration and Invasion through Regulating MMP-9. Pathol Oncol Res 2016; 22:789-96. [PMID: 27154576 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0071-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to detect the clinical significance of NDRG1 and its relationship with MMP-9 in gastric cancer metastatic progression. 101 cases of gastric cancer specimens were utilized to identify the protein expression of NDRG1 and MMP-9 by immunohistochemistry, their clinical significance was also analyzed. The suppression by siRNA-NDRG1 was employed to detect the role of NDRG1 in gastric cancer progression and its relationship with MMP-9. NDRG1 expression was correlated inversely with the degree of tumor cell differentiation (p < 0.01), invasion depth (p < 0.05), lymph node metastasis (p < 0.05) and TNM stage (p < 0.05), whereas MMP-9 was positive correlated with the degree of tumor cell differentiation (p < 0.01), lymph node metastasis (p < 0.05) and TNM stage (p < 0.05), but not correlated with invasion depth (p>0.05). Furthermore, cell proliferation and invasion effect were remarkably enhanced when NDRG1 was silencing, but MMP-9 expression was increased. NDRG1 silencing enhances gastric cancer cells progression through upregulating MMP-9. It suggests that NDRG1 may inhibit the metastasis of gastric cancer via regulating MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Cancer Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- Cancer Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoying Xue
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinguo Ma
- Cancer Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Cancer Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Deng
- Cancer Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuanglong Zhang
- Cancer Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Zhi
- Cancer Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dongqiu Dai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Cancer Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Cancer Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China.
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Vega ME, Schwarzbauer JE. Collaboration of fibronectin matrix with other extracellular signals in morphogenesis and differentiation. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2016; 42:1-6. [PMID: 27062478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tissue formation and cell differentiation depend on a properly assembled extracellular matrix (ECM). Fibronectin is a key constituent of the pericellular ECM, forming essential connections between cell surface integrin receptors and structural components of the ECM. Recent studies using vertebrate models, conditional gene knockouts, tissue explants, and cell culture systems have identified developmental processes that depend on fibronectin and its receptor α5β1 integrin. We describe requirements for fibronectin matrix in the cardiovascular system, somite and precartilage development, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Information about molecular mechanisms shows the importance of fibronectin and integrins during tissue morphogenesis and cell differentiation, as well as their cooperation with growth factors to mediate changes in cell behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Vega
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1014, United States
| | - Jean E Schwarzbauer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1014, United States.
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40
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Dysregulation of ErbB Receptor Trafficking and Signaling in Demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:87-100. [PMID: 26732592 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is the most common inherited peripheral neuropathy with the majority of cases involving demyelination of peripheral nerves. The pathogenic mechanisms of demyelinating CMT remain unclear, and no effective therapy currently exists for this disease. The discovery that mutations in different genes can cause a similar phenotype of demyelinating peripheral neuropathy raises the possibility that there may be convergent mechanisms leading to demyelinating CMT pathogenesis. Increasing evidence indicates that ErbB receptor-mediated signaling plays a major role in the control of Schwann cell-axon communication and myelination in the peripheral nervous system. Recent studies reveal that several demyelinating CMT-linked proteins are novel regulators of endocytic trafficking and/or phosphoinositide metabolism that may affect ErbB receptor signaling. Emerging data have begun to suggest that dysregulation of ErbB receptor trafficking and signaling in Schwann cells may represent a common pathogenic mechanism in multiple subtypes of demyelinating CMT. In this review, we focus on the roles of ErbB receptor trafficking and signaling in regulation of peripheral nerve myelination and discuss the emerging evidence supporting the potential involvement of altered ErbB receptor trafficking and signaling in demyelinating CMT pathogenesis and the possibility of modulating these trafficking and signaling processes for treating demyelinating peripheral neuropathy.
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Lee JE, Kim JH. Valproic acid inhibits the invasion of PC3 prostate cancer cells by upregulating the metastasis suppressor protein NDRG1. Genet Mol Biol 2015; 38:527-33. [PMID: 26692161 PMCID: PMC4763324 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-475738420150028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is a clinically available histone deacetylase inhibitor with promising anticancer attributes. Recent studies have demonstrated the anticancer effects of VPA on prostate cancer cells. However, little is known about the differential effects of VPA between metastatic and non-metastatic prostate cancer cells and the relationship between the expression of metastasis suppressor proteins and VPA. In the present study, we demonstrate that inhibition of cell viability and invasion by VPA was more effective in the metastatic prostate cancer cell line PC3 than in the tumorigenic but non-metastatic prostate cell line, RWPE2. Further, we identified that the metastasis suppressor NDRG1 is upregulated in PC3 by VPA treatment. In contrast, NDRG1 was not increased in RWPE2 cells. Also, the suppressed invasion of PC3 cells by VPA treatment was relieved by NDRG1 knockdown. Taken together, we suggest that the anticancer effect of VPA on prostate cancer cells is, in part, mediated through upregulation of NDRG1. We also conclude that VPA has differential effects on the metastasis suppressor gene and invasion ability between non-metastatic and metastatic prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jung Hwa Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
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Sampey GC, Saifuddin M, Schwab A, Barclay R, Punya S, Chung MC, Hakami RM, Zadeh MA, Lepene B, Klase ZA, El-Hage N, Young M, Iordanskiy S, Kashanchi F. Exosomes from HIV-1-infected Cells Stimulate Production of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines through Trans-activating Response (TAR) RNA. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:1251-66. [PMID: 26553869 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.662171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infection results in a chronic illness because long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy can lower viral titers to an undetectable level. However, discontinuation of therapy rapidly increases virus burden. Moreover, patients under highly active antiretroviral therapy frequently develop various metabolic disorders, neurocognitive abnormalities, and cardiovascular diseases. We have previously shown that exosomes containing trans-activating response (TAR) element RNA enhance susceptibility of undifferentiated naive cells to HIV-1 infection. This study indicates that exosomes from HIV-1-infected primary cells are highly abundant with TAR RNA as detected by RT-real time PCR. Interestingly, up to a million copies of TAR RNA/μl were also detected in the serum from HIV-1-infected humanized mice suggesting that TAR RNA may be stable in vivo. Incubation of exosomes from HIV-1-infected cells with primary macrophages resulted in a dramatic increase of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and TNF-β, indicating that exosomes containing TAR RNA could play a direct role in control of cytokine gene expression. The intact TAR molecule was able to bind to PKR and TLR3 effectively, whereas the 5' and 3' stems (TAR microRNAs) bound best to TLR7 and -8 and none to PKR. Binding of TAR to PKR did not result in its phosphorylation, and therefore, TAR may be a dominant negative decoy molecule in cells. The TLR binding through either TAR RNA or TAR microRNA potentially can activate the NF-κB pathway and regulate cytokine expression. Collectively, these results imply that exosomes containing TAR RNA could directly affect the proinflammatory cytokine gene expression and may explain a possible mechanism of inflammation observed in HIV-1-infected patients under cART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin C Sampey
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia 20110
| | - Mohammed Saifuddin
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia 20110
| | - Angela Schwab
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia 20110
| | - Robert Barclay
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia 20110
| | - Shreya Punya
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia 20110
| | - Myung-Chul Chung
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia 20110
| | - Ramin M Hakami
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia 20110
| | - Mohammad Asad Zadeh
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia 20110
| | | | - Zachary A Klase
- the Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Nazira El-Hage
- the Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33199, and
| | - Mary Young
- the Department of Medicine, Women's Intra-Agency HIV Study, Georgetown University, Washington, D. C. 20007
| | - Sergey Iordanskiy
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia 20110,
| | - Fatah Kashanchi
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia 20110,
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Kovacevic Z, Menezes SV, Sahni S, Kalinowski DS, Bae DH, Lane DJR, Richardson DR. The Metastasis Suppressor, N-MYC Downstream-regulated Gene-1 (NDRG1), Down-regulates the ErbB Family of Receptors to Inhibit Downstream Oncogenic Signaling Pathways. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:1029-52. [PMID: 26534963 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.689653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
N-MYC downstream-regulated gene-1 (NDRG1) is a potent growth and metastasis suppressor that acts through its inhibitory effects on a wide variety of cellular signaling pathways, including the TGF-β pathway, protein kinase B (AKT)/PI3K pathway, RAS, etc. To investigate the hypothesis that its multiple effects could be regulated by a common upstream effector, the role of NDRG1 on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and other members of the ErbB family, namely human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3), was examined. We demonstrate that NDRG1 markedly decreased the expression and activation of EGFR, HER2, and HER3 in response to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand, while also inhibiting formation of the EGFR/HER2 and HER2/HER3 heterodimers. In addition, NDRG1 also decreased activation of the downstream MAPKK in response to EGF. Moreover, novel anti-tumor agents of the di-2-pyridylketone class of thiosemicarbazones, namely di-2-pyridylketone 4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone and di-2-pyridylketone 4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone, which markedly up-regulate NDRG1, were found to inhibit EGFR, HER2, and HER3 expression and phosphorylation in cancer cells. However, the mechanism involved appeared dependent on NDRG1 for di-2-pyridylketone 4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone, but was independent of this metastasis suppressor for di-2-pyridylketone 4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone. This observation demonstrates that small structural changes in thiosemicarbazones result in marked alterations in molecular targeting. Collectively, these results reveal a mechanism for the extensive downstream effects on cellular signaling attributed to NDRG1. Furthermore, this study identifies a novel approach for the treatment of tumors resistant to traditional EGFR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaklina Kovacevic
- From the Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Sharleen V Menezes
- From the Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Sumit Sahni
- From the Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Danuta S Kalinowski
- From the Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Dong-Hun Bae
- From the Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Darius J R Lane
- From the Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- From the Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Khatri N, Mudgil Y. Hypothesis: NDL proteins function in stress responses by regulating microtubule organization. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:947. [PMID: 26583023 PMCID: PMC4628123 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
N-MYC DOWNREGULATED-LIKE proteins (NDL), members of the alpha/beta hydrolase superfamily were recently rediscovered as interactors of G-protein signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. Although the precise molecular function of NDL proteins is still elusive, in animals these proteins play protective role in hypoxia and expression is induced by hypoxia and nickel, indicating role in stress. Homology of NDL1 with animal counterpart N-MYC DOWNREGULATED GENE (NDRG) suggests similar functions in animals and plants. It is well established that stress responses leads to the microtubule depolymerization and reorganization which is crucial for stress tolerance. NDRG is a microtubule-associated protein which mediates the microtubule organization in animals by causing acetylation and increases the stability of α-tubulin. As NDL1 is highly homologous to NDRG, involvement of NDL1 in the microtubule organization during plant stress can also be expected. Discovery of interaction of NDL with protein kinesin light chain- related 1, enodomembrane family protein 70, syntaxin-23, tubulin alpha-2 chain, as a part of G protein interactome initiative encourages us to postulate microtubule stabilizing functions for NDL family in plants. Our search for NDL interactors in G protein interactome also predicts the role of NDL proteins in abiotic stress tolerance management. Based on published report in animals and predicted interacting partners for NDL in G protein interactome lead us to hypothesize involvement of NDL in the microtubule organization during abiotic stress management in plants.
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Xu W, Barrientos T, Mao L, Rockman HA, Sauve AA, Andrews NC. Lethal Cardiomyopathy in Mice Lacking Transferrin Receptor in the Heart. Cell Rep 2015; 13:533-545. [PMID: 26456827 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Both iron overload and iron deficiency have been associated with cardiomyopathy and heart failure, but cardiac iron utilization is incompletely understood. We hypothesized that the transferrin receptor (Tfr1) might play a role in cardiac iron uptake and used gene targeting to examine the role of Tfr1 in vivo. Surprisingly, we found that decreased iron, due to inactivation of Tfr1, was associated with severe cardiac consequences. Mice lacking Tfr1 in the heart died in the second week of life and had cardiomegaly, poor cardiac function, failure of mitochondrial respiration, and ineffective mitophagy. The phenotype could only be rescued by aggressive iron therapy, but it was ameliorated by administration of nicotinamide riboside, an NAD precursor. Our findings underscore the importance of both Tfr1 and iron in the heart, and may inform therapy for patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Tomasa Barrientos
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Lan Mao
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Howard A Rockman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Anthony A Sauve
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nancy C Andrews
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
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Nirujogi RS, Wright JD, Manda SS, Zhong J, Na CH, Meyerhoff J, Benton B, Jabbour R, Willis K, Kim MS, Pandey A, Sekowski JW. Phosphoproteomic analysis reveals compensatory effects in the piriform cortex of VX nerve agent exposed rats. Proteomics 2015; 15:487-99. [PMID: 25403869 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
To gain insights into the toxicity induced by the nerve agent VX, an MS-based phosphoproteomic analysis was carried out on the piriform cortex region of brains from VX-treated rats. Using isobaric tag based TMT labeling followed by titanium dioxide enrichment strategy, we identified 9975 unique phosphosites derived from 3287 phosphoproteins. Temporal changes in the phosphorylation status of peptides were observed over a time period of 24 h in rats exposed to a 1× LD50, intravenous (i.v.) dose with the most notable changes occurring at the 1 h postexposure time point. Five major functional classes of proteins exhibited changes in their phosphorylation status: (i) ion channels/transporters, including ATPases, (ii) kinases/phosphatases, (iii) GTPases, (iv) structural proteins, and (v) transcriptional regulatory proteins. This study is the first quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of VX toxicity in the brain. Understanding the toxicity and compensatory signaling mechanisms will improve the understanding of the complex toxicity of VX in the brain and aid in the elucidation of novel molecular targets that would be important for development of improved countermeasures. All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD001184 (http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD001184).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Sekhar Nirujogi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India; School of Life Sciences, Centre for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India; Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Bozdogan O, Yulug IG, Vargel I, Cavusoglu T, Karabulut AA, Karahan G, Sayar N. Differential expression patterns of metastasis suppressor proteins in basal cell carcinoma. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:905-15. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Onder Bozdogan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; Faculty of Science; Bilkent University; Ankara Turkey
- Department of Pathology; Medical Faculty; Kırıkkale University; Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Isik G. Yulug
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; Faculty of Science; Bilkent University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Vargel
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Medical Faculty; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Tarik Cavusoglu
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Medical Faculty; Kırıkkale University; Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Ayse A. Karabulut
- Department of Dermatology; Medical Faculty; Kırıkkale University; Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Gurbet Karahan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; Faculty of Science; Bilkent University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Nilufer Sayar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; Faculty of Science; Bilkent University; Ankara Turkey
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Gasser JA, Inuzuka H, Lau AW, Wei W, Beroukhim R, Toker A. SGK3 mediates INPP4B-dependent PI3K signaling in breast cancer. Mol Cell 2014; 56:595-607. [PMID: 25458846 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic mutations in PIK3CA, the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), occur with high frequency in breast cancer. The protein kinase Akt is considered to be the primary effector of PIK3CA, although mechanisms by which PI3K mediates Akt-independent tumorigenic signals remain obscure. We show that serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 3 (SGK3) is amplified in breast cancer and activated downstream of PIK3CA in a manner dependent on the phosphoinositide phosphatase INPP4B. Expression of INPP4B leads to enhanced SGK3 activation and suppression of Akt phosphorylation. Activation of SGK3 downstream of PIK3CA and INPP4B is required for 3D proliferation, invasive migration, and tumorigenesis in vivo. We further show that SGK3 targets the metastasis suppressor NDRG1 for degradation by Fbw7. We propose a model in which breast cancers harboring oncogenic PIK3CA activate SGK3 signaling while suppressing Akt, indicative of oncogenic functions for both INPP4B and SGK3 in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Gasser
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alan W Lau
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- Cancer Program and Medical and Population Genetics Group, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Departments of Medical Oncology, Pediatric Oncology, and Cancer Biology and Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Departments of Medicine, Pathology, Pediatrics, and Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alex Toker
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 downregulates cell proliferation, invasiveness, and tumorigenesis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2014; 355:242-52. [PMID: 25218595 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common phenotype of oral cancer. N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is a modulator for cell proliferation, differentiation, and invasion. The role and function of NDRG1 in OSCC cells remain inconclusive. The (3)H-thymidine incorporation and in vitro matrigel invasion assays revealed NDRG1-knockdown significantly enhanced OSCC cell proliferation and invasion. Overexpressed NDRG1 arrested the cell cycle at the S-phase, thus attenuated cell proliferation in OECM-1 cells. The NDRG1-knockdown enhanced tumorigenesis of OECM-1 cells in the xenograft animal model. Western-blot and zymographic assays revealed that NDRG1 downregulated the gelatinase activities and protein levels of metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). NDRG1 modulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through upregulation of the E-cadherin expression, but downregulation of the N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail-1, and Slug. Immunofluorescence staining indicated knockdown of NDRG1 enhanced F-actin expression and polymerization. Our results indicated NDRG1 attenuated OSCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. The downregulation of EMT, MMP-2, and MMP-9 may explain the role of anti-invasion of NDRG1 in human OSCC cells. The experiments recognize that NDRG1 is an antitumor gene in OSCC cells.
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Chung YC, Wei WC, Huang SH, Shih CM, Hsu CP, Chang KJ, Chao WT. Rab11 regulates E-cadherin expression and induces cell transformation in colorectal carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:587. [PMID: 25117932 PMCID: PMC4137074 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the process of epithelial mesenchymal transition EMT, the disassembly of junctional adhesion complexes such as E-cadherin is a remarkable sign during changes in cell morphology and polarity. However, E-cadherin expression is dynamic, and is regulated by the cellular endocytic system; it is also involved in cell signaling mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the role of E-cadherin in colorectal tumors and the relationship with recycling endosome protein Rab11 in colon cell transformation. Methods For tissue screening, the expressions of E-cadherin and Rab11 in colorectal tumors were identified by immunohistochemistry in 113 patients with colorectal carcinoma. For the in vitro cell experiment, GFP-tagged Rab11 plasmid was transfected into HT29 colon cells, E-cadherin expression and cell transformation were monitored by Western blot and confocal microscopy. Results In immunohistochemistry, the mean score of E-cadherin in tumor and normal tissues was 1.41 ± 0.06 and 1.08 ± 0.06 (p < 0.05). The mean score of Rab11 in tumor and normal tissues was 0.51 ± 0.05 and 0.18 ± 0.02 (p < 0.05). Synchronous overexpression of E-cadherin and Rab11 was noted in 74 patients (66.5%) with colorectal carcinoma. When GFP-tagged Rab11 plasmid was overexpressed in cultured colon cell line HT-29, the E-cadherin expression was up-regulated, and cell membrane protrusion was induced, which resulted in cell transformation and cell migration. Conclusions This study demonstrated the importance of the overexpression of Rab11 and E-cadherin in colorectal cancer. The results indicated that Rab11 together with E-cadherin might be potential markers for colorectal cancer progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei-Ting Chao
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, 1727, Sec,4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, Taiwan.
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