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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B. Orger
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Foundation, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal;,
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Tappeiner C, Maurer E, Sallin P, Bise T, Enzmann V, Tschopp M. Inhibition of the TGFβ Pathway Enhances Retinal Regeneration in Adult Zebrafish. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167073. [PMID: 27880821 PMCID: PMC5120850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the mammalian retina, the zebrafish retina exhibits the potential for lifelong retinal neurogenesis and regeneration even after severe damage. Previous studies have shown that the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling pathway is activated during the regeneration of different tissues in the zebrafish and is needed for regeneration in the heart and the fin. In this study, we have investigated the role of the TGFβ pathway in the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced chemical model of rod photoreceptor de- and regeneration in adult zebrafish. Immunohistochemical staining for phosphorylated Smad3 was elevated during retinal regeneration, and phosphorylated Smad3 co-localized with proliferating cell nuclear antigen and glutamine synthetase, indicating TGFβ pathway activation in proliferating Müller glia. Inhibiting the TGFβ signaling pathway using a small molecule inhibitor (SB431542) resulted in accelerated recovery from retinal degeneration. Accordingly, we observed increased cell proliferation in the outer nuclear layer at days 3 to 8 after MNU treatment. In contrast to the observations in the heart and the fin, the inhibition of the TGFβ signaling pathway resulted in increased proliferation after the induction of retinal degeneration. A better understanding of the underlying pathways with the possibility to boost retinal regeneration in adult zebrafish may potentially help to stimulate such proliferation also in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Tappeiner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ellinor Maurer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pauline Sallin
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Bise
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Volker Enzmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Tschopp
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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3
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Angebault C, Guichet PO, Talmat-Amar Y, Charif M, Gerber S, Fares-Taie L, Gueguen N, Halloy F, Moore D, Amati-Bonneau P, Manes G, Hebrard M, Bocquet B, Quiles M, Piro-Mégy C, Teigell M, Delettre C, Rossel M, Meunier I, Preising M, Lorenz B, Carelli V, Chinnery PF, Yu-Wai-Man P, Kaplan J, Roubertie A, Barakat A, Bonneau D, Reynier P, Rozet JM, Bomont P, Hamel CP, Lenaers G. Recessive Mutations in RTN4IP1 Cause Isolated and Syndromic Optic Neuropathies. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 97:754-60. [PMID: 26593267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal-recessive optic neuropathies are rare blinding conditions related to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) and optic-nerve degeneration, for which only mutations in TMEM126A and ACO2 are known. In four families with early-onset recessive optic neuropathy, we identified mutations in RTN4IP1, which encodes a mitochondrial ubiquinol oxydo-reductase. RTN4IP1 is a partner of RTN4 (also known as NOGO), and its ortholog Rad8 in C. elegans is involved in UV light response. Analysis of fibroblasts from affected individuals with a RTN4IP1 mutation showed loss of the altered protein, a deficit of mitochondrial respiratory complex I and IV activities, and increased susceptibility to UV light. Silencing of RTN4IP1 altered the number and morphogenesis of mouse RGC dendrites in vitro and the eye size, neuro-retinal development, and swimming behavior in zebrafish in vivo. Altogether, these data point to a pathophysiological mechanism responsible for RGC early degeneration and optic neuropathy and linking RTN4IP1 functions to mitochondrial physiology, response to UV light, and dendrite growth during eye maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Angebault
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Guichet
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Yasmina Talmat-Amar
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Majida Charif
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France; INSERM U1083, CNRS 6214, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Université LUNAM and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Sylvie Gerber
- INSERM U1163, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lucas Fares-Taie
- INSERM U1163, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Naig Gueguen
- INSERM U1083, CNRS 6214, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Université LUNAM and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 49933 Angers, France
| | - François Halloy
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - David Moore
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle University and Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, NE1 3BZ Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Patrizia Amati-Bonneau
- INSERM U1083, CNRS 6214, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Université LUNAM and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Gael Manes
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Maxime Hebrard
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Béatrice Bocquet
- Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Sensorielles Génétiques, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHRU Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Mélanie Quiles
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Piro-Mégy
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Marisa Teigell
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Cécile Delettre
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Mireille Rossel
- INSERM U710, Laboratoire MMDN EPHE, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Meunier
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France; Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Sensorielles Génétiques, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHRU Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Markus Preising
- Department of Ophthalmology, Justus-Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Birgit Lorenz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Justus-Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Valerio Carelli
- IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrick F Chinnery
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle University and Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, NE1 3BZ Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle University and Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, NE1 3BZ Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle Eye Centre, Royal Victoria Infirmary, NE1 4LP Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Josseline Kaplan
- INSERM U1163, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Agathe Roubertie
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France; Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Sensorielles Génétiques, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHRU Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Abdelhamid Barakat
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Département de Recherche Scientifique, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 20360 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Dominique Bonneau
- INSERM U1083, CNRS 6214, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Université LUNAM and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- INSERM U1083, CNRS 6214, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Université LUNAM and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 49933 Angers, France
| | | | - Pascale Bomont
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Christian P Hamel
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France; Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Sensorielles Génétiques, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHRU Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France; INSERM U1083, CNRS 6214, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Université LUNAM and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 49933 Angers, France.
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Kalueff AV, Gebhardt M, Stewart AM, Cachat JM, Brimmer M, Chawla JS, Craddock C, Kyzar EJ, Roth A, Landsman S, Gaikwad S, Robinson K, Baatrup E, Tierney K, Shamchuk A, Norton W, Miller N, Nicolson T, Braubach O, Gilman CP, Pittman J, Rosemberg DB, Gerlai R, Echevarria D, Lamb E, Neuhauss SCF, Weng W, Bally-Cuif L, Schneider H. Towards a comprehensive catalog of zebrafish behavior 1.0 and beyond. Zebrafish 2013; 10:70-86. [PMID: 23590400 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2012.0861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 653] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are rapidly gaining popularity in translational neuroscience and behavioral research. Physiological similarity to mammals, ease of genetic manipulations, sensitivity to pharmacological and genetic factors, robust behavior, low cost, and potential for high-throughput screening contribute to the growing utility of zebrafish models in this field. Understanding zebrafish behavioral phenotypes provides important insights into neural pathways, physiological biomarkers, and genetic underpinnings of normal and pathological brain function. Novel zebrafish paradigms continue to appear with an encouraging pace, thus necessitating a consistent terminology and improved understanding of the behavioral repertoire. What can zebrafish 'do', and how does their altered brain function translate into behavioral actions? To help address these questions, we have developed a detailed catalog of zebrafish behaviors (Zebrafish Behavior Catalog, ZBC) that covers both larval and adult models. Representing a beginning of creating a more comprehensive ethogram of zebrafish behavior, this effort will improve interpretation of published findings, foster cross-species behavioral modeling, and encourage new groups to apply zebrafish neurobehavioral paradigms in their research. In addition, this glossary creates a framework for developing a zebrafish neurobehavioral ontology, ultimately to become part of a unified animal neurobehavioral ontology, which collectively will contribute to better integration of biological data within and across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan V Kalueff
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience Program, Tulane University Medical School, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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Agrillo C, Miletto Petrazzini ME, Dadda M. Illusory patterns are fishy for fish, too. Front Neural Circuits 2013; 7:137. [PMID: 24009560 PMCID: PMC3755263 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2013.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Agrillo
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova Padova, Italy.
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Tappeiner C, Balmer J, Iglicki M, Schuerch K, Jazwinska A, Enzmann V, Tschopp M. Characteristics of rod regeneration in a novel zebrafish retinal degeneration model using N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). PLoS One 2013; 8:e71064. [PMID: 23951079 PMCID: PMC3741320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary loss of photoreceptors caused by diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa is one of the main causes of blindness worldwide. To study such diseases, rodent models of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced retinal degeneration are widely used. As zebrafish (Danio rerio) are a popular model system for visual research that offers persistent retinal neurogenesis throughout the lifetime and retinal regeneration after severe damage, we have established a novel MNU-induced model in this species. Histology with staining for apoptosis (TUNEL), proliferation (PCNA), activated Müller glial cells (GFAP), rods (rhodopsin) and cones (zpr-1) were performed. A characteristic sequence of retinal changes was found. First, apoptosis of rod photoreceptors occurred 3 days after MNU treatment and resulted in a loss of rod cells. Consequently, proliferation started in the inner nuclear layer (INL) with a maximum at day 8, whereas in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) a maximum was observed at day 15. The proliferation in the ONL persisted to the end of the follow-up (3 months), interestingly, without ongoing rod cell death. We demonstrate that rod degeneration is a sufficient trigger for the induction of Müller glial cell activation, even if only a minimal number of rod cells undergo cell death. In conclusion, the use of MNU is a simple and feasible model for rod photoreceptor degeneration in the zebrafish that offers new insights into rod regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Tappeiner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Balmer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matias Iglicki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Clinicas, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kaspar Schuerch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Jazwinska
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Volker Enzmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Tschopp
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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7
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Huang MYY, Chen CC, Huber-Reggi SP, Neuhauss SCF, Straumann D. Comparison of infantile nystagmus syndrome in achiasmatic zebrafish and humans. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2011; 1233:285-91. [PMID: 21951006 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06150.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS; formerly called congenital nystagmus) is an ocular motor disorder characterized by several typical nystagmus waveforms. To date, restrictions inherent to human research and the absence of a handy animal model have impeded efforts to identify the underlying mechanism of INS. Displaying INS-like spontaneous eye oscillations, achiasmatic zebrafish belladonna (bel) mutants may provide new insights into the mystery of INS. In this study, we demonstrate that these spontaneous eye oscillations match the diagnostic waveforms of INS. As a result, zebrafish bel mutants can be used as an animal model for the study of INS. In zebrafish bel mutants, visual pathway abnormalities may contribute to the spontaneous nystagmus via an inverted signal to the pretectal area. We hypothesized that human INS may also be linked to visual pathway abnormalities (possibly underdiagnosed in INS patients) in a similar way.
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Huang YY, Tschopp M, Straumann D, Neuhauss SCF. Vestibular deficits do not underlie looping behavior in achiasmatic fish. Commun Integr Biol 2011; 3:379-81. [PMID: 20798832 DOI: 10.4161/cib.3.4.11975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish belladonna (bel) mutants carry a mutation in the lhx2 gene that encodes a Lim domain homeobox transcription factor, leading to a defect in the retinotectal axon pathfinding. As a result, a large fraction of homozygous bel mutants is achiasmatic. Achiasmatic bel mutants display ocular motor instabilities, both reserved optokinetic response (OKR) and spontaneous eye oscillations, and an unstable swimming behavior, described as looping. All these unstable behaviors have been linked to the underlying optic nerve projection defect. Looping has been investigated under different visual stimuli and shown to be vision dependent and contrast sensitive. In addition, looping correlates perfectly with reversed OKR and the spontaneous oscillations of the eyes. Hence, it has been hypothesized that looping is a compensatory response to the perception of self-motion induced by the spontaneous eye oscillations. However, both ocular and postural instabilities could also be caused by a yet unidentified vestibular deficit. Here, we performed a preliminary test of the vestibular function in achiasmatic bel larval mutants in order to clarify the potential role of a vestibular deficit in looping. We found that the vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) is normally directed in both bel mutants and wild types and therefore exclude the possibility that nystagmus and looping in reverse to the rotating optokinetic drum can be attributed to an underlying vestibular deficit.
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Maurer CM, Huang YY, Neuhauss SCF. Application of zebrafish oculomotor behavior to model human disorders. Rev Neurosci 2011; 22:5-16. [PMID: 21615257 DOI: 10.1515/rns.2011.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To ensure high acuity vision, eye movements have to be controlled with astonishing precision by the oculomotor system. Many human diseases can lead to abnormal eye movements, typically of the involuntary oscillatory eye movements type called nystagmus. Such nystagmus can be congenital (infantile) or acquired later in life. Although the resulting eye movements are well characterized, there is only little information about the underlying etiology. This is in part owing to the lack of appropriate animal models. In this review article, we describe how the zebrafish with its quick maturing visual system can be used to model oculomotor pathologies. We compare the characteristics and assessment of human and zebrafish eye movements. We describe the oculomotor properties of the zebrafish mutant belladonna, which has non-crossing optical fibers, and is a particularly informative model for human oculomotor deficits. This mutant displays a reverse optokinetic response, spontaneous oscillations that closely mimic human congenital nystagmus and abnormal motor behavior linked to circular vection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette M Maurer
- University of Zurich, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Neuroscience Center Zurich and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Nevin LM, Robles E, Baier H, Scott EK. Focusing on optic tectum circuitry through the lens of genetics. BMC Biol 2010; 8:126. [PMID: 20920150 PMCID: PMC2949621 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-8-126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The visual pathway is tasked with processing incoming signals from the retina and converting this information into adaptive behavior. Recent studies of the larval zebrafish tectum have begun to clarify how the 'micro-circuitry' of this highly organized midbrain structure filters visual input, which arrives in the superficial layers and directs motor output through efferent projections from its deep layers. The new emphasis has been on the specific function of neuronal cell types, which can now be reproducibly labeled, imaged and manipulated using genetic and optical techniques. Here, we discuss recent advances and emerging experimental approaches for studying tectal circuits as models for visual processing and sensorimotor transformation by the vertebrate brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M Nevin
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, 1550 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158-23241, USA.
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11
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Masseck OA, Förster S, Hoffmann KP. Sensitivity of the goldfish motion detection system revealed by incoherent random dot stimuli: comparison of behavioural and neuronal data. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9461. [PMID: 20209165 PMCID: PMC2830482 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Global motion detection is one of the most important abilities in the animal kingdom to navigate through a 3-dimensional environment. In the visual system of teleost fish direction-selective neurons in the pretectal area (APT) are most important for global motion detection. As in all other vertebrates these neurons are involved in the control of slow phase eye movements during gaze stabilization. In contrast to mammals cortical pathways that might influence motion detection abilities of the optokinetic system are missing in teleost fish. Results To test global motion detection in goldfish we first measured the coherence threshold of random dot patterns to elicit horizontal slow phase eye movements. In addition, the coherence threshold of the optomotor response was determined by the same random dot patterns. In a second approach the coherence threshold to elicit a direction selective response in neurons of the APT was assessed from a neurometric function. Behavioural thresholds and neuronal thresholds to elicit slow phase eye movements were very similar, and ranged between 10% and 20% coherence. In contrast to these low thresholds for the optokinetic reaction and APT neurons the optomotor response could only be elicited by random dot patterns with coherences above 40%. Conclusion Our findings suggest a high sensitivity for global motion in the goldfish optokinetic system. Comparison of neuronal and behavioural thresholds implies a nearly one-to-one transformation of visual neuron performance to the visuo-motor output. In addition, we assume that the optomotor response is not mediated by the optokinetic system, but instead by other motion detection systems with higher coherence thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Andrea Masseck
- Department of General Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sascha Förster
- Department of General Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Hoffmann
- Department of General Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- * E-mail:
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12
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Portugues R, Engert F. The neural basis of visual behaviors in the larval zebrafish. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2009; 19:644-7. [PMID: 19896836 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We review visually guided behaviors in larval zebrafish and summarise what is known about the neural processing that results in these behaviors, paying particular attention to the progress made in the last 2 years. Using the examples of the optokinetic reflex, the optomotor response, prey tracking and the visual startle response, we illustrate how the larval zebrafish presents us with a very promising model vertebrate system that allows neurocientists to integrate functional and behavioral studies and from which we can expect illuminating insights in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Portugues
- Harvard University, Molecular and Cellular Biology, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States.
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