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Chen A, Zhao X, Wen J, Zhao X, Wang G, Zhang X, Ren X, Zhang Y, Cheng X, Yu X, Mei X, Wang H, Guo M, Jiang X, Wei G, Wang X, Jiang R, Guo X, Ning Z, Qu L. Genetic parameter estimation and molecular foundation of chicken egg-laying trait. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103627. [PMID: 38593551 PMCID: PMC11015155 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The age of first egg (AFE) in chicken can affect early and even life-time egg production performance to some extent, and therefore is an important economic trait that affects production efficiency. To better understand the genetic patterns of AFE and other production traits including body weight at first egg (BWA), first egg weight (FEW), and total egg number from AFE to 58 wk of age (total-EN), we recorded the production performance of 2 widely used layer breeds, white leghorn (WL) and Rhode Island Red (RIR) and estimated genetic parameters based on pedigree and production data. The results showed that the heritability of AFE in both breeds ranged from 0.4 to 0.6, and AFE showed strong positive genetic and phenotypic correlations to BWA as well as FEW, while showing strong negative genetic and phenotypic correlations with total-EN. Furtherly, by genome-wide association analysis study (GWAS), we identified 12 and 26 significant SNPs to be related to AFE in the 2-layer breeds, respectively. A total of 18 genes were identified that could affect AFE based on the significant SNP annotations obtained, but there were no gene overlapped in the 2 breeds indicating the genetic foundation of AFE could differ from breed to breed. Our results provided a deeper understanding of genetic patterns and molecular basement of AFE in different breeds and could help in the selection of egg production traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Xingrui Agricultural Stock Breeding, Baoding Hebei Province, 072550 China
| | - Junhui Wen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xiurong Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Gang Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinye Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xufang Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yalan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xue Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaofan Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaohan Mei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huie Wang
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
| | - Menghan Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guozhen Wei
- Qingliu Animal Husbandry, Veterinary and Aquatic Products Center, Sanming, China
| | - Xue Wang
- VVBK Animal Medical Diagnostic Technology (Beijing) Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Runshen Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xing Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhonghua Ning
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lujiang Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China.
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Rodgers BD, Ward CW. Myostatin/Activin Receptor Ligands in Muscle and the Development Status of Attenuating Drugs. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:329-365. [PMID: 34520530 PMCID: PMC8905337 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Muscle wasting disease indications are among the most debilitating and often deadly noncommunicable disease states. As a comorbidity, muscle wasting is associated with different neuromuscular diseases and myopathies, cancer, heart failure, chronic pulmonary and renal diseases, peripheral neuropathies, inflammatory disorders, and, of course, musculoskeletal injuries. Current treatment strategies are relatively ineffective and can at best only limit the rate of muscle degeneration. This includes nutritional supplementation and appetite stimulants as well as immunosuppressants capable of exacerbating muscle loss. Arguably, the most promising treatments in development attempt to disrupt myostatin and activin receptor signaling because these circulating factors are potent inhibitors of muscle growth and regulators of muscle progenitor cell differentiation. Indeed, several studies demonstrated the clinical potential of "inhibiting the inhibitors," increasing muscle cell protein synthesis, decreasing degradation, enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis, and preserving muscle function. Such changes can prevent muscle wasting in various disease animal models yet many drugs targeting this pathway failed during clinical trials, some from serious treatment-related adverse events and off-target interactions. More often, however, failures resulted from the inability to improve muscle function despite preserving muscle mass. Drugs still in development include antibodies and gene therapeutics, all with different targets and thus, safety, efficacy, and proposed use profiles. Each is unique in design and, if successful, could revolutionize the treatment of both acute and chronic muscle wasting. They could also be used in combination with other developing therapeutics for related muscle pathologies or even metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher W Ward
- Department of Orthopedics and Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology (BioMET), University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD, USA
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Genetic Polymorphisms Related to VO2max Adaptation Are Associated With Elite Rugby Union Status and Competitive Marathon Performance. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2021; 16:1858-1864. [PMID: 34088882 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genetic polymorphisms have been associated with the adaptation to training in maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max). However, the genotype distribution of selected polymorphisms in athletic cohorts is unknown, with their influence on performance characteristics also undetermined. This study investigated whether the genotype distributions of 3 polymorphisms previously associated with V˙O2max training adaptation are associated with elite athlete status and performance characteristics in runners and rugby athletes, competitors for whom aerobic metabolism is important. METHODS Genomic DNA was collected from 732 men including 165 long-distance runners, 212 elite rugby union athletes, and 355 nonathletes. Genotype and allele frequencies of PRDM1 rs10499043 C/T, GRIN3A rs1535628 G/A, and KCNH8 rs4973706 T/C were compared between athletes and nonathletes. Personal-best marathon times in runners, as well as in-game performance variables and playing position, of rugby athletes were analyzed according to genotype. RESULTS Runners with PRDM1 T alleles recorded marathon times ∼3 minutes faster than CC homozygotes (02:27:55 [00:07:32] h vs 02:31:03 [00:08:24] h, P = .023). Rugby athletes had 1.57 times greater odds of possessing the KCNH8 TT genotype than nonathletes (65.5% vs 54.7%, χ2 = 6.494, P = .013). No other associations were identified. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate that polymorphisms previously associated with V˙O2max training adaptations in nonathletes are also associated with marathon performance (PRDM1) and elite rugby union status (KCNH8). The genotypes and alleles previously associated with superior endurance-training adaptation appear to be advantageous in long-distance running and achieving elite status in rugby union.
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Li P, Wang B, Cao D, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Wang X. Characterization and functional analysis of the Paralichthys olivaceus prdm1 gene promoter. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 212:32-40. [PMID: 28669662 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PR domain containing protein 1 (Prdm1) is a transcriptional repressor identified in various species and plays multiple important roles in immune response and embryonic development. However, little is known about the transcriptional regulation of the prdm1 gene. This study aims to characterize the promoter of Paralichthys olivaceus prdm1 (Po-prdm1) gene and determine the regulatory mechanism of Po-prdm1 expression. A 2000bp-long 5'-flanking region (translation initiation site designated as +1) of the Po-prdm1 gene was isolated and characterized. The regulatory elements in this fragment were then investigated and many putative transcription factor (TF) binding sites involved in immunity and multiple tissue development were identified. A 5'-deletion analysis was then conducted, and the ability of the deletion mutants to promote luciferase and green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in a flounder gill cell line was examined. The results revealed that the minimal promoter is located in the region between -446 and -13bp, and the region between -1415 and -13bp enhanced the promoter activity. Site-directed mutation analysis was subsequently performed on the putative regulatory elements sites, and the results indicated that FOXP1, MSX and BCL6 binding sites play negative functional roles in the regulation of the Po-prdm1 expression in FG cells. In vivo analysis demonstrated that a GFP reporter gene containing 1.4kb-long promoter fragment (-1415/-13) was expressed in the head and trunk muscle fibres of transient transgenic zebrafish embryos. Our study provided the basic information for the exploration of Po-prdm1 regulation and expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Dandan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuezhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xubo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China.
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Wan Z, Lu Y, Rui L, Yu X, Li Z. PRDM1 overexpression induce G0/G1 arrest in DF-1 cell line. Gene 2016; 592:119-127. [PMID: 27474451 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PRDM1 (PR domain containing 1) is a transcriptional repressor that affects the expression of numerous genes involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and metabolism. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PRDM1-regulated gene expression in the DF-1 cell line remain to be elucidated. In this study, we explored the role of PRDM1 in cell proliferation and cell cycle by forced expression of PRDM1 in DF-1 cells. Our results showed an absence of endogenous PRDM1 in this cell line, while exogenous PRDM1 was specifically localized to the nucleus. Ectopic expression of PRDM1 inhibited DF-1 cell proliferation and altered clonal morphology. Furthermore, PRDM1 overexpression caused an increase in the G0/G1 phase population. The levels of p53 mRNA and the p53-regulated p21(WAF1) and MDM2 genes were significantly increased in DF-1 cells transfected with the PRDM1 expression vector. Examination of the Rb pathway further revealed that Rb, E2F-1 and p15(INK4b) alternate reading frame (ARF) mRNA were also significantly increased after transient transfection. Interestingly, the mRNA expression levels of multiple chicken cyclin genes were also increased. These results show that PRDM1 overexpression induced G0/G1 arrest in DF-1 cells through multiple parallel mechanisms, including the p53 and Rb pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Wan
- State key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- State key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Rui
- State key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yu
- State key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zandong Li
- State key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
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Liu C, Liu W, Fan L, Liu J, Li P, Zhang W, Gao J, Li Z, Zhang Q, Wang X. Sequences analyses and expression profiles in tissues and embryos of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) PRDM1. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:467-482. [PMID: 26508172 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PRDM1 (PRDI-BF1-RIZ1 homologous domain containing 1) appears to be a pleiotropic regulatory factor in various processes. It contains a PR (PRDI-BF1-RIZ1 homologous) domain protein and five zinc fingers. In the present study, a gene coding the homolog of prdm1 and the 5' regulatory region of prdm1 was identified from the Paralichthys olivaceus (denoted Po-prdm1). Results of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction amplification (RT-qPCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH) in embryos revealed that Po-prdm1 was highly expressed between the early gastrula and tail bud stages, with its expression peaking in the mid-gastrula stage, whereas the results of RT-qPCR and ISH in tissues demonstrated that Po-prdm1 transcripts were ubiquitously detected in all tissues, which indicates its pleiotropic function in multiple processes. ISH of gonadal tissues revealed that the transcripts were located in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the oocytes in the ovaries but only in the spermatogonia and not in the spermatocytes in the testes. The Po-prdm1 transcription factor binding sites and their conserved binding region among vertebrates were analyzed in this study. The combined results suggest that Po-PRDM1 has a conserved function in teleosts and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jinxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Peizhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jinning Gao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zan Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xubo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Heffernan SM, Kilduff LP, Day SH, Pitsiladis YP, Williams AG. Genomics in rugby union: A review and future prospects. Eur J Sport Sci 2015; 15:460-8. [PMID: 25800134 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1023222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This article introduces some aspects of sports genomics in a rugby union context, considers the rugby-specific genetic data in the published literature and outlines the next research steps required if the potential applications of genetic technology in rugby union, also identified here, are to become possible. A substantial proportion of the inter-individual variation for many traits related to rugby performance, including strength, short-term muscle power, VO2 max, injury susceptibility and the likelihood of being an elite athlete is inherited and can be investigated using molecular genetic techniques. In sports genomics, significant efforts have been made in recent years to develop large DNA biobanks of elite athletes for detailed exploration of the heritable bases of those traits. However, little effort has been devoted to the study of rugby athletes, and most of the little research that has focused on rugby was conducted with small cohorts of non-elite players. With steadily growing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underpinning complex performance traits and the aetiology of injury, investigating sports genomics in the context of rugby is now a viable proposition and a worthwhile endeavour. The RugbyGene project we describe briefly in this article is a multi-institutional research collaboration in rugby union that will perform molecular genetic analyses of varying complexity. Genetic tests could become useful tools for rugby practitioners in the future and provide complementary and additional information to that provided by the non-genetic tests currently used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane M Heffernan
- a MMU Sports Genomics Laboratory , Manchester Metropolitan University , Crewe , UK
| | - Liam P Kilduff
- b A-STEM, College of Engineering , Swansea University , Swansea , UK
| | - Stephen H Day
- a MMU Sports Genomics Laboratory , Manchester Metropolitan University , Crewe , UK
| | - Yannis P Pitsiladis
- c Centre for Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine (SESAME) , University of Brighton , Brighton , UK
| | - Alun G Williams
- a MMU Sports Genomics Laboratory , Manchester Metropolitan University , Crewe , UK.,d Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health , University College London , London , UK
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Blazie SM, Babb C, Wilky H, Rawls A, Park JG, Mangone M. Comparative RNA-Seq analysis reveals pervasive tissue-specific alternative polyadenylation in Caenorhabditis elegans intestine and muscles. BMC Biol 2015; 13:4. [PMID: 25601023 PMCID: PMC4343181 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-015-0116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue-specific RNA plasticity broadly impacts the development, tissue identity and adaptability of all organisms, but changes in composition, expression levels and its impact on gene regulation in different somatic tissues are largely unknown. Here we developed a new method, polyA-tagging and sequencing (PAT-Seq) to isolate high-quality tissue-specific mRNA from Caenorhabditis elegans intestine, pharynx and body muscle tissues and study changes in their tissue-specific transcriptomes and 3'UTRomes. RESULTS We have identified thousands of novel genes and isoforms differentially expressed between these three tissues. The intestine transcriptome is expansive, expressing over 30% of C. elegans mRNAs, while muscle transcriptomes are smaller but contain characteristic unique gene signatures. Active promoter regions in all three tissues reveal both known and novel enriched tissue-specific elements, along with putative transcription factors, suggesting novel tissue-specific modes of transcription initiation. We have precisely mapped approximately 20,000 tissue-specific polyadenylation sites and discovered that about 30% of transcripts in somatic cells use alternative polyadenylation in a tissue-specific manner, with their 3'UTR isoforms significantly enriched with microRNA targets. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, PAT-Seq allowed us to directly study tissue specific gene expression changes in an in vivo setting and compare these changes between three somatic tissues from the same organism at single-base resolution within the same experiment. We pinpoint precise tissue-specific transcriptome rearrangements and for the first time link tissue-specific alternative polyadenylation to miRNA regulation, suggesting novel and unexplored tissue-specific post-transcriptional regulatory networks in somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Blazie
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Cody Babb
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Henry Wilky
- Barrett Honors College, Arizona State University, 751 E Lemon Mall, 1282 Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Alan Rawls
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Barrett Honors College, Arizona State University, 751 E Lemon Mall, 1282 Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Jin G Park
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Marco Mangone
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Barrett Honors College, Arizona State University, 751 E Lemon Mall, 1282 Tempe, AZ, USA.
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Spatiotemporal expression analysis of Prdm1 and Prdm1 binding partners in early chick embryo. Gene Expr Patterns 2015; 17:56-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Wan Z, Rui L, Li Z. Expression patterns of prdm1 during chicken embryonic and germline development. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 356:341-56. [PMID: 24691770 PMCID: PMC4015062 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PRDM1 (PR domain containing 1) is a transcriptional repressor that has been identified in various species and is crucial for cell growth, differentiation and development. However, the expression pattern and role of PRDM1 in development has not been sufficiently established in birds. We therefore investigate the spatio-temporal expression of PRDM1 in various tissues, especially in the germline, during chicken development, providing the basis for functional study. Our results show that prdm1 mRNA was expressed in blastodermal cells (BCs) at stage X and in various tissues including the liver, skin, lung, kidney, eye, bursa of fabricius, spleen, proventriculus, gizzard, intestine, testis, ovary, tongue, feathers and thymus but was not or was only sparcely present in the heart, brain and skeletal muscle. The level of prdm1 mRNA was highest in the BCs among all tissues tested and significantly changed during development in many tissues, such as the blastoderm, bursa of fabricius, spleen, feathers and germline. Furthermore, the expression of the PRDM1 protein generally paralleled the mRNA results, except for in the gizzard. Immunohistochemistry also revealed that PRDM1 was localized in the smooth muscle. In addition, during germline development, PRDM1 was found to be continuously expressed in the presumptive primordial germ cells (PGCs) at stage X, the circulating PGCs in blood and the germ cells in the gonads from embryonic day 6 to adult in both males and females. The expression pattern of PRDM1 in chicken thus suggests that this protein plays an important role during chicken development, such as in BC differentiation, feather formation and germ cell specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Rui
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zandong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
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Jackson HE, Ingham PW. Control of muscle fibre-type diversity during embryonic development: the zebrafish paradigm. Mech Dev 2013; 130:447-57. [PMID: 23811405 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Vertebrate skeletal muscle is composed of distinct types of fibre that are functionally adapted through differences in their physiological and metabolic properties. An understanding of the molecular basis of fibre-type specification is of relevance to human health and fitness. The zebrafish provides an attractive model for investigating fibre type specification; not only are their rapidly developing embryos optically transparent, but in contrast to amniotes, the embryonic myotome shows a discrete temporal and spatial separation of fibre type ontogeny that simplifies its analysis. Here we review the current state of understanding of muscle fibre type specification and differentiation during embryonic development of the zebrafish, with a particular focus on the roles of the Prdm1a and Sox6 transcription factors, and consider the relevance of these findings to higher vertebrate muscle biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet E Jackson
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
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Ding HL, Clouthier DE, Artinger KB. Redundant roles of PRDM family members in zebrafish craniofacial development. Dev Dyn 2012; 242:67-79. [PMID: 23109401 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PRDM proteins are evolutionary conserved Zn-Finger transcription factors that share a characteristic protein domain organization. Previous studies have shown that prdm1a is required for the specification and differentiation of neural crest cells in the zebrafish. RESULTS Here we examine other members of this family, specifically prdm3, 5, and 16, in the differentiation of the zebrafish craniofacial skeleton. prdm3 and prdm16 are strongly expressed in the pharyngeal arches, while prdm5 is expressed specifically in the area of the forming neurocranium. Knockdown of prdm3 and prdm16 results in a reduction in the neural crest markers dlx2a and barx1 and defects in both the viscerocranium and the neurocranium. The knockdown of prdm3 and prdm16 in combination is additive in the neurocranium, but not in the viscerocranium. Injection of sub-optimal doses of prdm1a with prdm3 or prdm16 Morpholinos together leads to more severe phenotypes in the viscerocranium and neurocranium. prdm5 mutants have defects in the neurocranium and prdm1a and prdm5 double mutants also show more severe phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our data reveal that prdm3, 5, and 16 are involved in the zebrafish craniofacial development and that prdm1a may interact with prdm3, 5, and 16 in the formation of the craniofacial skeleton in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lei Ding
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Garikipati DK, Rodgers BD. Myostatin inhibits myosatellite cell proliferation and consequently activates differentiation: evidence for endocrine-regulated transcript processing. J Endocrinol 2012; 215:177-87. [PMID: 22872758 DOI: 10.1530/joe-12-0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Myostatin is a potent negative regulator of muscle growth in mammals. Despite high structural conservation, functional conservation in nonmammalian species is only assumed. This is particularly true for fish due to the presence of several myostatin paralogs: two in most species and four in salmonids (MSTN-1a, -1b, -2a, and -2b). Rainbow trout are a rich source of primary myosatellite cells as hyperplastic muscle growth occurs even in adult fish. These cells were therefore used to determine myostatin's effects on proliferation whereas our earlier studies reported its effects on quiescent cells. As in mammals, recombinant myostatin suppressed proliferation with no changes in cell morphology. Expression of MSTN-1a was several fold higher than the other paralogs and was autoregulated by myostatin, which also upregulated the expression of key differentiation markers: Myf5, MyoD1, myogenin, and myosin light chain. Thus, myostatin-stimulated cellular growth inhibition activates rather than represses differentiation. IGF-1 stimulated proliferation but had minimal and delayed effects on differentiation and its actions were suppressed by myostatin. However, IGF-1 upregulated MSTN-2a expression and the processing of its transcript, which is normally unprocessed. Myostatin therefore appears to partly mediate IGF-stimulated myosatellite differentiation in rainbow trout. This also occurs in mammals, although the IGF-stimulated processing of MSTN-2a transcripts is highly unique and is indicative of subfunctionalization within the gene family. These studies also suggest that the myokine's actions, including its antagonistic relationship with IGF-1, are conserved and that the salmonid gene family is functionally diverging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K Garikipati
- Department of Animal Sciences, 124 ASLB, School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington Center for Muscle Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
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Vincent SD, Mayeuf A, Niro C, Saitou M, Buckingham M. Non conservation of function for the evolutionarily conserved prdm1 protein in the control of the slow twitch myogenic program in the mouse embryo. Mol Biol Evol 2012; 29:3181-91. [PMID: 22522309 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/mss125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscles are composed of multinucleated muscle fibers with different contractile and physiological properties, which result from specific slow or fast gene expression programs in the differentiated muscle cells. In the zebra fish embryo, the slow program is under the control of Hedgehog signaling from the notochord and floor plate. This pathway activates the expression of the conserved transcriptional repressor, Prdm1 (Blimp1), which in turn represses the fast program and promotes the slow program in adaxial cells of the somite and their descendants. In the mouse embryo, myogenesis is also initiated in the myotomal compartment of the somite, but the slow muscle program is not confined to a specific subset of cells. We now show that Prdm1 is expressed in the first differentiated myocytes of the early myotome from embryonic day (E)9.5-E11.5. During this period, muscle formation depends on the myogenic regulatory factors, Myf5 and Mrf4. In their absence, Prdm1 is not activated, in apparent contrast to zebra fish where Prdm1 is expressed in the absence of Myf5 and MyoD that drive myogenesis in adaxial cells. However, as in zebra fish, Prdm1 expression in the mouse myotome does not occur in the absence of Hedgehog signaling. Analysis of the muscle phenotype of Prdm1 mutant embryos shows that myogenesis appears to proceed normally. Notably, there is no requirement for Prdm1 activation of the slow muscle program in the mouse myotome. Furthermore, the gene for the transcriptional repressor, Sox6, which is repressed by Prdm1 to permit slow muscle differentiation in zebra fish, is not expressed in the mouse myotome. We propose that the lack of functional conservation for mouse Prdm1, that can nevertheless partially rescue the adaxial cells of zebra fish Prdm1 mutants, reflects differences in the evolution of the role of key regulators such as Prdm1 or Sox6, in initiating the onset of the slow muscle program, between teleosts and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane D Vincent
- Department of Developmental Biology, CNRS URA 2575, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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Garikipati DK, Rodgers BD. Myostatin stimulates myosatellite cell differentiation in a novel model system: evidence for gene subfunctionalization. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2012; 302:R1059-66. [PMID: 22262307 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00523.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Myosatellite cells play an important role in mammalian muscle regeneration as they differentiate and fuse with mature fibers. In fish, they also contribute to postnatal growth and the formation of new fibers. The relative conservation of fish systems, however, is not well known nor are the underlying mechanisms that control myosatellite cell differentiation. We therefore characterized this process in primary cells from rainbow trout and determined the effects of two known regulators in mammalian systems: IGF-I and myostatin. Unlike mammalian cell lines, subconfluent and proliferating trout myosatellite cells differentiated spontaneously and at a rate proportional to serum concentration. The expression of key myogenic markers (Myf5, MyoD1, myogenin, and MLC) and of the different myostatin paralogs (MSTN-1a/1b/2a) increased with serum-stimulated differentiation, although MSTN-1a expression was consistently higher than that of the other paralogs. In addition, MSTN-2a was only expressed as an unprocessed transcript. In low serum, where differentiation is normally suppressed, recombinant myostatin stimulated myogenic marker expression over time. The opposite was true for IGF-I as it stimulated proliferation, not differentiation, and additionally antagonized myostatin. This includes myostatin's effects on marker expression and on the autoregulation of MSTN-1a and -1b expression. These results conflict with studies using mammalian cell lines and suggest, alternatively, that myostatin is a positive, not negative, regulator of myosatellite cell differentiation. Mammalian myoblasts differentiate when confluent and with serum withdrawal, which differs considerably from how myosatellite cells differentiate in vivo. Thus the primary rainbow trout myosatellite cell culture system appears to be more physiologically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K Garikipati
- Dept. Of Animal Sciences, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Bouchard C, Sarzynski MA, Rice TK, Kraus WE, Church TS, Sung YJ, Rao DC, Rankinen T. Genomic predictors of the maximal O₂ uptake response to standardized exercise training programs. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2010; 110:1160-70. [PMID: 21183627 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00973.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Low cardiorespiratory fitness is a powerful predictor of morbidity and cardiovascular mortality. In 473 sedentary adults, all whites, from 99 families of the Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training, and Genetics (HERITAGE) Family Study, the heritability of gains in maximal O(2) uptake (VO(2max)) after exposure to a standardized 20-wk exercise program was estimated at 47%. A genome-wide association study based on 324,611 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was undertaken to identify SNPs associated with improvements in VO(2max) Based on single-SNP analysis, 39 SNPs were associated with the gains with P < 1.5 × 10(-4). Stepwise multiple regression analysis of the 39 SNPs identified a panel of 21 SNPs that accounted for 49% of the variance in VO(2max) trainability. Subjects who carried ≤9 favorable alleles at these 21 SNPs improved their VO(2max) by 221 ml/min, whereas those who carried ≥19 of these alleles gained, on average, 604 ml/min. The strongest association was with rs6552828, located in the acyl-CoA synthase long-chain member 1 (ACSL1) gene, which accounted by itself for ~6% of the training response of VO(2max). The genes nearest to the SNPs that were the strongest predictors were PR domain-containing 1 with ZNF domain (PRDM1); glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl-D-aspartate 3A (GRIN3A); K(+) channel, voltage gated, subfamily H, member 8 (KCNH8); and zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 4 (ZIC4). The association with the SNP nearest to ZIC4 was replicated in 40- to 65-yr-old, sedentary, overweight, and dyslipidemic subjects trained in Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention Through Defined Exercise (STRRIDE; n = 183). Two SNPs were replicated in sedentary obese white women exercise trained in the Dose Response to Exercise (DREW) study (n = 112): rs1956197 near dishevelled associated activator of morphogenesis 1 (DAAM1) and rs17117533 in the vicinity of necdin (NDN). The association of SNPs rs884736 in the calmodulin-binding transcription activator 1 (CAMTA1) locus and rs17581162 ~68 kb upstream from regulator of G protein signaling 18 (RGS18) with the gains in VO(2max) in HERITAGE whites were replicated in HERITAGE blacks (n = 247). These genomic predictors of the response of Vo(2max) to regular exercise provide new targets for the study of the biology of fitness and its adaptation to regular exercise. Large-scale replication studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
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