1
|
Wang Y, Wang S, Zang Z, Li B, Liu G, Huang H, Zhao X. Molecular and transcriptomic analysis of the ovary during laying and brooding stages in Zhedong white geese ( Anser cygnoides domesticus). Br Poult Sci 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38916443 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2364351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
1. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms affecting brooding in Zhedong white geese by examining differences in reproductive endocrine levels, ovarian histology and transcriptomics.2. Twenty 18-month-old Zhedong white geese were selected to examine their ovaries using histological, biochemical, molecular biological, and high-throughput sequencing techniques during the laying and brooding periods.3. The results showed that the number of atretic follicles and apoptotic cells in the ovaries increased significantly (p < 0.05), the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone and oestradiol decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and the level of prolactin increased significantly (p < 0.01) during the brooding stage.4. In broody geese, the expression of CASP3, CASP9, P53, BAX, and Cyt-c were considerably higher (p < 0.05), but BCL2 expression was significantly lower (p < 0.05).5. In ovarian tissues, 260 differentially expressed lncRNAs, 13 differentially expressed miRNA and 60 differentially expressed mRNA were all discovered using transcriptome sequencing analysis. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed mRNA and non-coding RNA target genes were primarily involved in ECM-receptor interaction, cell adhesion, cardiac muscle contraction, mTOR signalling, and the calcium signalling pathway.6. In conclusion, follicular atrophy and apoptosis occurred in the ovaries and serum reproductive hormone levels were significantly changed during the brooding period of Zhedong white geese. COL3A1, COL1A2, GRIA1, RNF152, miR-192, and miR-194 may be important candidates for the regulation of brooding behaviour, with the mTOR signalling pathway playing a key role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - S Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Zang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - B Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - G Liu
- Animal Husbandry Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - H Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - X Zhao
- Animal Husbandry Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zariñán T, Espinal-Enriquez J, De Anda-Jáuregui G, Lira-Albarrán S, Hernández-Montes G, Gutiérrez-Sagal R, Rebollar-Vega RG, Bousfield GR, Butnev VY, Hernández-Lemus E, Ulloa-Aguirre A. Differential effects of follicle-stimulating hormone glycoforms on the transcriptome profile of cultured rat granulosa cells as disclosed by RNA-seq. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0293688. [PMID: 38843139 PMCID: PMC11156319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been documented that variations in glycosylation on glycoprotein hormones, confer distinctly different biological features to the corresponding glycoforms when multiple in vitro biochemical readings are analyzed. We here applied next generation RNA sequencing to explore changes in the transcriptome of rat granulosa cells exposed for 0, 6, and 12 h to 100 ng/ml of four highly purified follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) glycoforms, each exhibiting different glycosylation patterns: a. human pituitary FSH18/21 (hypo-glycosylated); b. human pituitary FSH24 (fully glycosylated); c. Equine FSH (eqFSH) (hypo-glycosylated); and d. Chinese-hamster ovary cell-derived human recombinant FSH (recFSH) (fully-glycosylated). Total RNA from triplicate incubations was prepared from FSH glycoform-exposed cultured granulosa cells obtained from DES-pretreated immature female rats, and RNA libraries were sequenced in a HighSeq 2500 sequencer (2 x 125 bp paired-end format, 10-15 x 106 reads/sample). The computational workflow focused on investigating differences among the four FSH glycoforms at three levels: gene expression, enriched biological processes, and perturbed pathways. Among the top 200 differentially expressed genes, only 4 (0.6%) were shared by all 4 glycoforms at 6 h, whereas 118 genes (40%) were shared at 12 h. Follicle-stimulating hormone glycocoforms stimulated different patterns of exclusive and associated up regulated biological processes in a glycoform and time-dependent fashion with more shared biological processes after 12 h of exposure and fewer treatment-specific ones, except for recFSH, which exhibited stronger responses with more specifically associated processes at this time. Similar results were found for down-regulated processes, with a greater number of processes at 6 h or 12 h, depending on the particular glycoform. In general, there were fewer downregulated than upregulated processes at both 6 h and 12 h, with FSH18/21 exhibiting the largest number of down-regulated associated processes at 6 h while eqFSH exhibited the greatest number at 12 h. Signaling cascades, largely linked to cAMP-PKA, MAPK, and PI3/AKT pathways were detected as differentially activated by the glycoforms, with each glycoform exhibiting its own molecular signature. These data extend previous observations demonstrating glycosylation-dependent distinctly different regulation of gene expression and intracellular signaling pathways triggered by FSH in granulosa cells. The results also suggest the importance of individual FSH glycoform glycosylation for the conformation of the ligand-receptor complex and induced signalling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Zariñán
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Saúl Lira-Albarrán
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Georgina Hernández-Montes
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rubén Gutiérrez-Sagal
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa G. Rebollar-Vega
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - George R. Bousfield
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita Kansas, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Viktor Y. Butnev
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita Kansas, Kansas, United States of America
| | | | - Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alipanah M, Mazloom SM, Gharari F. Detection of selective sweep in European wild sheep breeds. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:122. [PMID: 38560387 PMCID: PMC10978567 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In wild animal populations, there is a differentiation between populations due to natural selection. The direction and pressure of natural selection in the wild sheep are different in the various geographic areas. Linkage disequilibrium studies showed that regions of the genome in whole wild sheep are under natural selection and that natural selection can affect immune or reproductive or metabolic traits. The study aimed to identify genomic regions under natural selection in wild sheep. For this purpose, the genetic information of 24 European wild sheep and 24 Sardinian wild sheep was used. The genotypes were determined using Illumina 50 K SNPChip arrays based on Oar_4.0 version of the sheep genome. After quality control steps, finally, 31,560 SNP markers were analyzed. The value of LD was calculated by calculating the r2 statistic between all pairs of locations through PLINK software. To identify signs of selection based on linkage disequilibrium methods, an extended haplotype homozygosity test of XP-EHH crossing population and iHS intrapopulation was used. The results of iHS studies showed that in European and Sardinian wild sheep, the highest iHS coefficient under natural selection was observed on 3 and 2 chromosome numbers, respectively. Also, the results of XP-EHH studies showed that the largest XP-EHH coefficients under natural selection in European wild sheep compared to Sardinian and vice versa in Sardinian wild sheep compared to European wild sheep were observed on 3 and 16 chromosome numbers, respectively. In addition, the results of gene cycle studies showed that COPB1, SEC24D, ZDHHC17, BBS4, RFX3, SLC26A8, CAMK2D, GRIA1, GRM1, GRID2, PPP2R1A, CPEB4, PLEKHA5 and KIF13A, VPS39, VPS53, DTNBP1, DYNC1I1, FAM91A genes are under natural selection in Sardinian and European wild sheeps, respectively. The direction and selection pressure of natural selection in the two breeds of wild sheep is different due to different geographic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Alipanah
- Department of Plant Production, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh, 9516168595 Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Mazloom
- Department of Animal Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948974 Iran
| | - Faezeh Gharari
- Department of Plant Production, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh, 9516168595 Iran
- Department of Animal Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948974 Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zariñán T, Espinal-Enriquez J, De Anda-Jáuregui G, Lira-Albarrán S, Hernández-Montes G, Gutiérrez-Sagal R, Rebollar-Vega RG, Bousfield GR, Butnev VY, Hernández-Lemus E, Ulloa-Aguirre A. Differential effects of follicle-stimulating hormone glycoforms on the transcriptome profile of cultured rat granulosa cells as disclosed by RNA-seq. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.18.562995. [PMID: 37905087 PMCID: PMC10614937 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.18.562995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
It has been documented that variations in glycosylation on glycoprotein hormones, confer distinctly different biological features to the corresponding glycoforms when multiple in vitro biochemical readings are analyzed. We here applied next generation RNA sequencing to explore changes in the transcriptome of rat granulosa cells exposed for 0, 6, and 12 h to 100 ng/ml of four highly purified follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) glycoforms, each exhibiting different glycosylation patterns: human pituitary FSH18/21 and equine FSH (eqFSH) (hypo-glycosylated), and human FSH24 and chinese-hamster ovary cell-derived human recombinant FSH (recFSH) (fully-glycosylated). Total RNA from triplicate incubations was prepared from FSH glycoform-exposed cultured granulosa cells obtained from DES-pretreated immature female rats, and RNA libraries were sequenced in a HighSeq 2500 sequencer (2 × 125 bp paired-end format, 10-15 × 106 reads/sample). The computational workflow focused on investigating differences among the four FSH glycoforms at three levels: gene expression, enriched biological processes, and perturbed pathways. Among the top 200 differentially expressed genes, only 4 (0.6%) were shared by all 4 glycoforms at 6 h, whereas 118 genes (40%) were shared at 12 h. Follicle-stimulating hormone glycocoforms stimulated different patterns of exclusive and associated up regulated biological processes in a glycoform and time-dependent fashion with more shared biological processes after 12 h of exposure and fewer treatment-specific ones, except for recFSH, which exhibited stronger responses with more specifically associated processes at this time. Similar results were found for down-regulated processes, with a greater number of processes at 6 h or 12 h, depending on the particular glycoform. In general, there were fewer downregulated than upregulated processes at both 6 h and 12 h, with FSH18/21 exhibiting the largest number of down-regulated associated processes at 6 h while eqFSH exhibited the greatest number at 12 h. Signaling cascades, largely linked to cAMP-PKA, MAPK, and PI3/AKT pathways were detected as differentially activated by the glycoforms, with each glycoform exhibiting its own molecular signature. These data extend previous observations demonstrating glycosylation-dependent differential regulation of gene expression and intracellular signaling pathways triggered by FSH in granulosa cells. The results also suggest the importance of individual FSH glycoform glycosylation for the conformation of the ligand-receptor complex and induced signalling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Zariñán
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Saúl Lira-Albarrán
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Georgina Hernández-Montes
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rubén Gutiérrez-Sagal
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa G. Rebollar-Vega
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - George R. Bousfield
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita Kansas, 67260, USA
| | - Viktor Y. Butnev
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita Kansas, 67260, USA
| | | | - Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Luna-García LA, Meza-Herrera CA, Pérez-Marín CC, Corona R, Luna-Orozco JR, Véliz-Deras FG, Delgado-Gonzalez R, Rodriguez-Venegas R, Rosales-Nieto CA, Bustamante-Andrade JA, Gutierrez-Guzman UN. Goats as Valuable Animal Model to Test the Targeted Glutamate Supplementation upon Antral Follicle Number, Ovulation Rate, and LH-Pulsatility. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071015. [PMID: 36101396 PMCID: PMC9311901 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The potential effect of intravenous administration of glutamate on the ovarian activity and the LH secretion pattern, considering the anestrous yearling goat as an animal model, were assessed. In late April, yearling goats (n = 20) were randomly assigned to either (1) Glutamate supplemented (GLUT; n = 10, Live Weight (LW) = 29.6 ± 1.02 kg, Body Condition (BCS) = 3.4 ± 0.2 units; i.v. supplemented with 7 mg GLUT kg−1 LW) or (2) Non-supplemented (CONT; n = 10; LW = 29.2 ± 1.07 kg, BCS = 3.5 ± 0.2 units; i.v. saline). The oats were estrus-synchronized; blood sampling (6 h × 15 min) was carried out for LH quantification. Response variables included pulsatility (PULSE), time to first pulse (TTFP), amplitude (AMPL), nadir (NAD), and area under the curve (AUC) of LH. Ovaries were ultra-sonographically scanned to assess ovulation rate (OR), number of antral follicles (AF), and total ovarian activity (TOA = OR + AF). LH-PULSE was quantified with the Munro algorithm; significant treatment x time interactions were evaluated across time. The variables LW and BCS did not differ (p > 0.05) between the experimental groups. Nevertheless, OR (1.77 vs. 0.87 ± 0.20 units), TOA (4.11 vs. 1.87 ± 0.47 units) and LH-PULSE (5.0 vs. 2.2 pulses 6 h-1) favored (p < 0.05) to the GLUT group. Our results reveal that targeted glutamate supplementation, the main central nervous system neurotransmitter, arose as an interesting strategy to enhance the hypothalamic−hypophyseal−ovarian response considering the anestrous-yearling goat as an animal model, with thought-provoking while promising translational applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis A. Luna-García
- Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Bermejillo 35230, Durango, Mexico;
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Campus Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - César A. Meza-Herrera
- Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Bermejillo 35230, Durango, Mexico;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Carlos C. Pérez-Marín
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Campus Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Rebeca Corona
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Laboratorio de Neuroanatomía Funcional y Neuroendocrinología, Instituto de Neurobiología, UNAM, Querétaro 76230, Mexico;
| | - Juan R. Luna-Orozco
- Centro de Bachillerato Tecnológico Agropecuario No. 1, Torreón 27000, Coahuila, Mexico;
| | - Francisco G. Véliz-Deras
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Unidad Laguna, Torreón 27054, Coahuila, Mexico; (F.G.V.-D.); (R.D.-G.); (R.R.-V.)
| | - Ramón Delgado-Gonzalez
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Unidad Laguna, Torreón 27054, Coahuila, Mexico; (F.G.V.-D.); (R.D.-G.); (R.R.-V.)
| | - Rafael Rodriguez-Venegas
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Unidad Laguna, Torreón 27054, Coahuila, Mexico; (F.G.V.-D.); (R.D.-G.); (R.R.-V.)
| | - Cesar A. Rosales-Nieto
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78321, Mexico;
| | - Jorge A. Bustamante-Andrade
- Facultad de Agricultura y Zootecnia, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Venecia Durango 35111, Mexico; (J.A.B.-A.); (U.N.G.-G.)
| | - Ulises N. Gutierrez-Guzman
- Facultad de Agricultura y Zootecnia, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Venecia Durango 35111, Mexico; (J.A.B.-A.); (U.N.G.-G.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bhavana K, Foote DJ, Srikanth K, Balakrishnan CN, Prabhu VR, Sankaralingam S, Singha HS, Gopalakrishnan A, Nagarajan M. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Indian domestic duck reveals candidate genes associated with egg production. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10943. [PMID: 35768515 PMCID: PMC9243076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15099-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Egg production is an important economic trait and a key indicator of reproductive performance in ducks. Egg production is regulated by several factors including genes. However the genes involved in egg production in duck remain unclear. In this study, we compared the ovarian transcriptome of high egg laying (HEL) and low egg laying (LEL) ducks using RNA-Seq to identify the genes involved in egg production. The HEL ducks laid on average 433 eggs while the LEL ducks laid 221 eggs over 93 weeks. A total of 489 genes were found to be significantly differentially expressed out of which 310 and 179 genes were up and downregulated, respectively, in the HEL group. Thirty-eight differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including LHX9, GRIA1, DBH, SYCP2L, HSD17B2, PAR6, CAPRIN2, STC2, and RAB27B were found to be potentially related to egg production and folliculogenesis. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis suggested that DEGs were enriched for functions related to glutamate receptor activity, serine-type endopeptidase activity, immune function, progesterone mediated oocyte maturation and MAPK signaling. Protein-protein interaction network analysis (PPI) showed strong interaction between 32 DEGs in two distinct clusters. Together, these findings suggest a mix of genetic and immunological factors affect egg production, and highlights candidate genes and pathways, that provides an understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating egg production in ducks and in birds more broadly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karippadakam Bhavana
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - Dustin J Foote
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA
| | - Krishnamoorthy Srikanth
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | | | - Vandana R Prabhu
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India.,ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North PO, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
| | - Shanmugam Sankaralingam
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, 680 651, India
| | - Hijam Surachandra Singha
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | | | - Muniyandi Nagarajan
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang Y, Hao J, Liao Y, Zhou L, Wang K, Zou H, Hu Y, Li J. Transcriptome sequencing identified the ceRNA network associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:278. [PMID: 34814929 PMCID: PMC8609870 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01125-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is one of the common complication of pregnancy, bringing heavy burden to the patients and their families. The study aimed to explore the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion. Methods By transcriptome sequencing, we detected differences in lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA expression in villus tissue samples collected from 3 patients with RSA and 3 normal abortion patients. Differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs and genes (DELs, DEMs and DEGs, respectively) were identified, and Geno Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used to determine the functions of DELs and DEGs, which were analysed by Fisher’s test. We also observed the regulatory relationships between miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA by Cytoscape 3.6.1. Results The results showed that 1008 DELs (523 upregulated and 485 downregulated), 475 DEGs (201 upregulated and 274 downregulated) and 37 DEMs (15 upregulated and 22 downregulated) were identified. And we also constructed a novel lncRNA-related ceRNA network containing 31 lncRNAs, 1 miRNA (hsa-miR-210-5p) and 3 genes (NTNG2, GRIA1 and AQP1). Conclusions lncRNA-related ceRNA network containing 31 lncRNAs, 1 miRNA (hsa-miR-210-5p) and 3 mRNAs (NTNG2, GRIA1 and AQP1) was constructed. The results may provide a basic theory for elucidating the mechanism underlying RSA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-021-01125-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayuan Hao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Zhou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiju Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Haikou, 570311, Hainan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen S, Guo X, He X, Di R, Zhang X, Zhang J, Wang X, Chu M. Insight Into Pituitary lncRNA and mRNA at Two Estrous Stages in Small Tail Han Sheep With Different FecB Genotypes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:789564. [PMID: 35178025 PMCID: PMC8844552 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.789564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pituitary is a remarkably dynamic organ with roles in hormone (FSH and LH) synthesis and secretion. In animals with the FecB (fecundity Booroola) mutation, the pituitary experiences hormone fluctuations during the follicular-luteal transition, which is implicated in the expression and regulation of many genes and regulators. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a novel type of regulatory factors for the reproductive process. Nevertheless, the expression patterns of lncRNAs and their roles in FecB-mediated follicular development and ovulation remain obscure. Thus, we profiled the pituitary transcriptome during the follicular (F, 45 h after evacuation vaginal sponges) and luteal (L, 216 h after evacuation vaginal sponges) phases in FecB-mutant homozygous (BB) and wild-type (WW) Small Tail Han sheep. We identified 78 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 41 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) between BB_F and BB_L, 32 DEGs and 26 DELs between BB_F and WW_F, 16 DEGs and 29 DELs between BB_L and WW_L, and 50 DEGs and 18 DELs between WW_F and WW_L. The results of real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) correlated well with the transcriptome data. In both the follicular and luteal phases, DEGs (GRID2, glutamate ionotropic receptor delta type subunit 2; ST14, ST14 transmembrane serine protease matriptase) were enriched in hormone synthesis, secretion, and action. MSTRG.47470 and MSTRG.101530 were the trans-regulated elements of ID1 (inhibitor of DNA binding 3, HLH protein) and the DEG ID3 (inhibitor of DNA binding 3, HLH protein), and EEF2 (eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2), respectively; these factors might be involved in melatonin and peptide hormone secretion. In the FecB-mediated follicular phase, MSTRG.125392 targeted seizure-related 6 homolog like (SEZ6L), and MSTRG.125394 and MSTRG.83276 targeted the DEG KCNQ3 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 3) in cis, while MSTRG.55861 targeted FKBP4 (FKBP prolyl isomerase 4) in trans. In the FecB-mediated luteal phase, LOC105613905, MSTRG.81536, and MSTRG.150434 modulated TGFB1, SMAD3, OXT, respectively, in trans. We postulated that the FecB mutation in pituitary tissue elevated the expression of certain genes associated with pituitary development and hormone secretion. Furthermore, this study provides new insights into how the pituitary regulates follicular development and ovulation, illustrated by the effect of the FecB mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Di
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyu Wang, ; Mingxing Chu,
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyu Wang, ; Mingxing Chu,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Golestanpour H, Javadi G, Sheikhha MH. Association of GRIA1 polymorphisms with ovarian response to human menopausal gonadotropin in Iranian women. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2020; 47:207-212. [PMID: 32829568 PMCID: PMC7482950 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2020.03370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1 (GRIA1) is a subunit of a ligand-gated ion channel that regulates the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) by controlling the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Few studies have investigated the association between the GRIA1 gene and human infertility. This study evaluated the association of the GRIA1 rs548294 C > T and rs2195450 G > A polymorphisms with the ovarian response to human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) in Iranian women. Methods One hundred women with histories of at least 1 year of infertility were included. On the second day of menstruation, patients were injected with HMG; on the third day, blood samples were collected. After hormonal analysis, the GRIA1 rs548294 C > T and rs2195450 G > A genotypes of samples were identified via the restriction fragment length polymorphism method, and on day 9, the number of follicles was assessed via ultrasound. Results For the GRIA1 rs548294 C > T and rs2195450 G > A single nucleotide polymorphisms, the subjects with CT and GG genotypes, respectively, displayed the highest mean FSH level, LH level, and number of follicles on day 9 of the menstrual cycle (p < 0.05). Significant positive correlations were observed between LH and FSH (p < 0.01), LH and follicle count (p < 0.01), FSH and age (p < 0.05), follicle count and age (p = 0.048), and FSH and follicle count (p < 0.01). Conclusion This study showed a significant relationship between GRIA1 polymorphisms and ovarian response to the induction of ovulation. Therefore, determining patients’ GRIA1 genotype may be useful for improving treatment and prescribing suitable doses of ovulation-stimulating drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Golestanpour
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Javadi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Facioli FL, De Marchi F, Marques MG, Michelon PRP, Zanella EL, Caires KC, Reeves JJ, Zanella R. The Outcome and Economic Viability of Embryo Production Using IVF and SOV Techniques in the Wagyu Breed of Cattle. Vet Sci 2020; 7:vetsci7020058. [PMID: 32369966 PMCID: PMC7355500 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The Japanese black cattle breed (Wagyu) has an improved metabolism, which allows them to have a higher marbling score when compared with other cattle breeds. However, this may affect other aspects of the animal’s physiology, including hormone secretion and their reproductive success, such as their response to synchronization protocols and embryo production. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to test a superovulation protocol (SOV) developed with low doses of FSH and to evaluate the outcome and economic viability of embryo production using the SOV and in vitro fertilization (IVF) approaches in the Wagyu cattle breed. For that, ten Wagyu cows were submitted to five SOVs over a period of 15 months using a standard protocol: CIDR + 3 mg estradiol benzoate (D0), 35 mg FSH (Folltropin®) a.m. and p.m. (D4), 35 mg Folltropin® a.m. and 20 mg p.m. (D5), 20 mg Folltropin® a.m. and 10 mg p.m. (D6), 10 mg Folltropin® and 0.5 mg cloprostenol, both a.m. and p.m., + CIDR removal (D7), 0.05 mg GnRH + insemination 12 and 24 h after (D8) and embryo collection + 0.5 mg of cloprostenol (D16). Thirty days after each SOV, a follicular aspiration was conducted to produce IVF embryos without any pre-synchronization using standard semen in the same group of animals. The average number of embryos produced was 7.63 ± 5.61 (SOV) and 4.52 ± 2.44 (IVF) (p = 0.303). There was no significant correlation between the number of embryos produced by the different techniques (SOV and IVF), indicating that cows that respond well to SOV did not respond well to IVF and vice versa (r = 0.379, p = 0.529). The total cost of each embryo produced by SOV was R$215.00 and R$410.00 for IVF. Therefore, cows that produce less than five embryos by SOV are not economically viable due their lack of response to FSH, and the use of IVF in those animals may be more effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda L. Facioli
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS 99052-900, Brazil; (F.L.F.); (F.D.M.); (E.L.Z.)
| | - Flávia De Marchi
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS 99052-900, Brazil; (F.L.F.); (F.D.M.); (E.L.Z.)
- Programa de Mestrado em BioExperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana G. Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção e Sanidade Animal, Instituto Federal Catarinense, Concórdia, SC 89703-720, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Sanidade Animal, Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concórdia, SC 89715-899, Brazil
| | | | - Eraldo L. Zanella
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS 99052-900, Brazil; (F.L.F.); (F.D.M.); (E.L.Z.)
- Programa de Mestrado em BioExperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Kyle C. Caires
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii, Manoa, HI 96822, USA;
| | | | - Ricardo Zanella
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS 99052-900, Brazil; (F.L.F.); (F.D.M.); (E.L.Z.)
- Programa de Mestrado em BioExperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS 99052-900, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Twomey AJ, Berry DP, Evans RD, Doherty ML, Graham DA, Purfield DC. Genome-wide association study of endo-parasite phenotypes using imputed whole-genome sequence data in dairy and beef cattle. Genet Sel Evol 2019; 51:15. [PMID: 30999842 PMCID: PMC6471778 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-019-0457-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative genetic studies suggest the existence of variation at the genome level that affects the ability of cattle to resist to parasitic diseases. The objective of the current study was to identify regions of the bovine genome that are associated with resistance to endo-parasites. METHODS Individual cattle records were available for Fasciola hepatica-damaged liver from 18 abattoirs. Deregressed estimated breeding values (EBV) for F. hepatica-damaged liver were generated for genotyped animals with a record for F. hepatica-damaged liver and for genotyped sires with a least one progeny record for F. hepatica-damaged liver; 3702 animals were available. In addition, individual cow records for antibody response to F. hepatica on 6388 genotyped dairy cows, antibody response to Ostertagia ostertagi on 8334 genotyped dairy cows and antibody response to Neospora caninum on 4597 genotyped dairy cows were adjusted for non-genetic effects. Genotypes were imputed to whole-sequence; after edits, 14,190,141 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 16,603,644 SNPs were available for cattle with deregressed EBV for F. hepatica-damaged liver and cows with an antibody response to a parasitic disease, respectively. Association analyses were undertaken using linear regression on one SNP at a time, in which a genomic relationship matrix accounted for the relationships between animals. RESULTS Genomic regions for F. hepatica-damaged liver were located on Bos taurus autosomes (BTA) 1, 8, 11, 16, 17 and 18; each region included at least one SNP with a p value lower than 10-6. Five SNPs were identified as significant (q value < 0.05) for antibody response to N. caninum and were located on BTA21 or 25. For antibody response to F. hepatica and O. ostertagi, six and nine quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions that included at least one SNP with a p value lower than 10-6 were identified, respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed a significant association between functional annotations related to the olfactory system and QTL that were suggestively associated with endo-parasite phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS A number of novel genomic regions were suggestively associated with endo-parasite phenotypes across the bovine genome and two genomic regions on BTA21 and 25 were associated with antibody response to N. caninum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Twomey
- Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.,School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Donagh P Berry
- Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Ross D Evans
- Irish Cattle Breeding Federation, Highfield House, Bandon, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael L Doherty
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - David A Graham
- Animal Health Ireland, Carrick on Shannon, Co. Leitrim, Ireland
| | - Deirdre C Purfield
- Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hirayama H, Naito A, Fujii T, Sugimoto M, Takedomi T, Moriyasu S, Sakai H, Kageyama S. Effects of genetic background on responses to superovulation in Japanese Black cattle. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:373-378. [PMID: 30643104 PMCID: PMC6451901 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of genetic background on the responses to superovulation in Japanese Black cattle. The genotype frequencies of GRIA1 and FSHR relating to ovulation and follicular development in each of the major bloodlines-Tajiri, Fujiyoshi, and Kedaka-were analyzed. The Tajiri line had the lowest frequency of G allele homozygosity of c.710A>G in GRIA1 among the three bloodlines, and deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was detected. Genotype frequencies of c.337C>G, c.871A>G, and c.1973C>G in FSHR were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all bloodlines. The results of generalized linear mixed-model analyses showed that farm, levels of plasma anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentration, age in months, repeated superovulation, c.337C>G in FSHR, and bloodlines had significant effects on the responses to superovulation. The number of transferable embryos in the group heterozygous for c.337C>G in FSHR was significantly higher than that in the group homozygous for the C allele. The Kedaka line showed a significantly higher number of ova/embryos, fertilized embryos, and transferable embryos than the Tajiri and Fujiyoshi lines. The concentration of circulating AMH is a useful endocrine marker for antral follicle counts. This study revealed the effects of genetic background on the responses to superovulation using levels of plasma AMH concentration as a covariate. The prominent effect of genetic background on superovulation in the Kedaka line requires additional studies to confirm the genomic regions and polymorphisms that are involved in the trait.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Hirayama
- Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan
| | - Akira Naito
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Shintoku, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujii
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Shintoku, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
| | - Masahito Sugimoto
- Dairy Cattle Research Unit, Dairy Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Nakashibetsu, Hokkaido 086-1135, Japan
| | | | - Satoru Moriyasu
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Shintoku, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
| | - Hitomi Sakai
- Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan
| | - Soichi Kageyama
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Shintoku, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jaton C, Schenkel F, Sargolzaei M, Cánova A, Malchiodi F, Price C, Baes C, Miglior F. Genome-wide association study and in silico functional analysis of the number of embryos produced by Holstein donors. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:7248-7257. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
14
|
Ovarian transcriptomic study reveals the differential regulation of miRNAs and lncRNAs related to fecundity in different sheep. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35299. [PMID: 27731399 PMCID: PMC5059661 DOI: 10.1038/srep35299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs and lncRNAs, which represent one of the most highly expressed classes of ncRNAs in development, are attracting increasing interest. A variety of regulators is considered to be implicated in sheep species with different fecundity. However, interactions between miRNAs and lncRNAs and changes in the expression of regulatory lncRNAs in sheep fecundity have not yet been reported. To characterize the important roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs and elucidate their regulating networks in sheep prolificacy, a genome-wide analysis of miRNAs and lncRNAs from Small Tail Han sheep of genotypes FecBBFecBB (Han BB) and FecB+ FecB+ (Han++) and from Dorset sheep (Dorset) was performed. An integrated analysis of miRNAs and lncRNAs was performed to study the regulatory function of miRNAs and lncRNAs in fecundity, revealing significantly correlated patterns of expression. Dramatic changes of miRNAs and lncRNAs suggest their critical roles in sheep fecundity. In conclusion, this is the first study performing thorough investigations of regulatory relationships among lncRNAs, miRNA and mRNAs, which will provide a novel view of the regulatory mechanisms involved in sheep fecundity. These results may provide further insight into sheep fecundity and help us to improve sheep prolificacy.
Collapse
|
15
|
Upadhyay MR, Patel AB, Subramanian RB, Shah TM, Jakhesara SJ, Bhatt VD, Koringa PG, Rank DN, Joshi CG. Single nucleotide variant detection in Jaffrabadi buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) using high-throughput targeted sequencing. FRONTIERS IN LIFE SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/21553769.2015.1031915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
16
|
Meza-Herrera CA, González-Velázquez A, Veliz-Deras FG, Rodríguez-Martínez R, Arellano-Rodriguez G, Serradilla JM, García-Martínez A, Avendaño-Reyes L, Macías-Cruz U. Short-term glutamate administration positively affects the number of antral follicles and the ovulation rate in cyclic adult goats. Reprod Biol 2014; 14:298-301. [PMID: 25454497 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The acute effects of short-term glutamate administration on the number of antral follicles and ovulation rate were examined in adult goats. Neither live weight (44.5±1.3 kg) nor body condition (3.3±0.8 units) differed between the control (untreated) and glutamate-treated (0.175 mg/kg) animals (p>0.05). However, the number of antral follicles (3.4 vs. 2.1, p=0.05) and ovulation rate (2.5 vs. 1.5, p=0.05) was higher in the glutamate-administered group than in the controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- César A Meza-Herrera
- Chapingo Autonomous University, Regional Universitary Unit on Arid Lands, A.P. No. 8, Bermejillo, Durango, Mexico.
| | - Antonio González-Velázquez
- Chapingo Autonomous University, Regional Universitary Unit on Arid Lands, A.P. No. 8, Bermejillo, Durango, Mexico
| | - Francisco G Veliz-Deras
- Antonio Narro Autonomous University, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez and Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreon, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Rafael Rodríguez-Martínez
- Antonio Narro Autonomous University, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez and Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreon, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Arellano-Rodriguez
- Antonio Narro Autonomous University, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez and Carretera a Santa Fe, Torreon, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Juan M Serradilla
- University of Córdoba, Animal Production Department, Campus Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Antón García-Martínez
- University of Córdoba, Animal Production Department, Campus Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mizuno K, Kojima Y, Kamisawa H, Moritoki Y, Nishio H, Nakane A, Kurokawa S, Kohri K, Hayashi Y. Elucidation of distinctive genomic DNA structures in patients with 46,XX testicular disorders of sex development using genome wide analyses. J Urol 2014; 192:535-41. [PMID: 24576657 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although several genes, including the SRY gene, are involved in testicular differentiation, the entire mechanism of this differentiation remains unclear. We performed genome wide analysis in patients with 46,XX testicular disorders of sex development to comprehensively elucidate the mechanisms of testicular differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Whole genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 4 patients with 46,XX testicular disorders of sex development who were SRY negative. Genomic DNA was hybridized to a GeneChip® human mapping 250K array set. Compared to normal female data, we detected common loss of heterozygosity and copy number variation regions in 4 patients using Genotyping Console™ software. RESULTS Loss of heterozygosity was detected in 19 regions of 11 chromosomes. A total of 27 genes or nearby genomic areas were included in the applicable regions. Copy number loss was recognized in 13 regions of 10 chromosomes, and these regions included 55 genes. Copy number gain was detected in 6 regions of 4 chromosomes, which included the upstream region of the SOX3 gene. CONCLUSIONS The regions with loss of heterozygosity did not contain genes associated with testicular differentiation. However, the upstream area of the SOX3 gene, which is located in Xq27.1, was included in the region of copy number gain. These results suggest that high expression of the SOX3 gene led to testicular differentiation despite SRY gene loss. As this applicable area is not within a coding region, genome wide analyses were valuable for detecting the novel regions associated with testicular differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Mizuno
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya and Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima (YK), Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kojima
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya and Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima (YK), Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kamisawa
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya and Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima (YK), Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Moritoki
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya and Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima (YK), Japan
| | - Hidenori Nishio
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya and Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima (YK), Japan
| | - Akihiro Nakane
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya and Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima (YK), Japan
| | - Satoshi Kurokawa
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya and Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima (YK), Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kohri
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya and Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima (YK), Japan
| | - Yutaro Hayashi
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya and Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima (YK), Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Genetic variants related to gap junctions and hormone secretion influence conception rates in cows. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:19495-500. [PMID: 24218568 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1309307110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent decline in fertility is a serious problem in the dairy industry. To overcome this problem, we performed a genome-wide association study using 384 Holsteins and identified four loci associated with conception rates. Two of them contained gap junction-related genes: PKP2 and CTTNBP2NL. Further analysis confirmed that PKP2 increased connexin 43, a gap junction protein, whereas CTTNBP2NL dephosphorylated connexin 43. Knockdown of PKP2 or overexpression of CTTNBP2NL inhibited embryo implantation in mice. The other two loci contained neuroendocrine-related genes: SETD6 and CACNB2. Additional experiments indicated that SETD6 is involved in the transcriptional regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, whereas CACNB2 controlled the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone in cattle. The total allele substitution effect of these genes on conception rate was 3.5%. Our findings reveal important roles for gap junction communication and the neuroendocrine system in conception and suggest unique selection methods to improve reproductive performance in the livestock industry.
Collapse
|
19
|
Lamb GC. Criteria for selecting replacements at weaning, before breeding, and after breeding. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2013; 29:567-78. [PMID: 24182435 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
At weaning, heifers should be considered for replacements based on their dam's previous performance; heifer calving date, age, and weight; and previous exposure to implants. Before breeding, heifers should be selected as replacements based on whether they have attained puberty (determined by a prebreeding examination), do not have abnormal pelvic areas, or fail to meet temperament standards. After breeding, heifers should be selected as replacements if they conceive early in the breeding season, are capable of achieving 85% of their mature weight by calving, and calve at a body condition of 5.5 to 6.0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cliff Lamb
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3925 Highway 71, Marianna, FL 32446, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Incorporation of genetic technologies associated with applied reproductive technologies to enhance world food production. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 752:77-96. [PMID: 24170355 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8887-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Animal breeding and reproductive physiology have been closely related throughout the history of animal production science. Artificial insemination provides the best method of increasing the influence of sires with superior genetics to improve production traits. Multiple ovulation embryo transfer (MOET) provides some ability to increase the genetic influence of the maternal line as well. The addition of genetic technologies to this paradigm allows for improved methods of selecting sires and dams carrying the best genes for production and yield of edible products and resistance to diseases and parasites. However, decreasing the number of influential parents within a population also increases the risk of propagating a recessive gene that could negatively impact the species (Reprod Domest Anim 44:792-796, 2009; BMC Genomics 11:337, 2010). Furthermore, antagonistic genotypic relationships between production traits and fertility (Anim Prod Sci 49:399-412, 2009; Anim Genet 43:442-446, 2012) suggest that care must be taken to ensure that increasing the frequency of genes with a positive influence on production does not negatively impact the fertility of the replacement females entering the herd.
Collapse
|
21
|
Utsunomiya YT, Pérez O’Brien AM, Sonstegard TS, Van Tassell CP, do Carmo AS, Mészáros G, Sölkner J, Garcia JF. Detecting loci under recent positive selection in dairy and beef cattle by combining different genome-wide scan methods. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64280. [PMID: 23696874 PMCID: PMC3655949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As the methodologies available for the detection of positive selection from genomic data vary in terms of assumptions and execution, weak correlations are expected among them. However, if there is any given signal that is consistently supported across different methodologies, it is strong evidence that the locus has been under past selection. In this paper, a straightforward frequentist approach based on the Stouffer Method to combine P-values across different tests for evidence of recent positive selection in common variations, as well as strategies for extracting biological information from the detected signals, were described and applied to high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data generated from dairy and beef cattle (taurine and indicine). The ancestral Bovinae allele state of over 440,000 SNP is also reported. Using this combination of methods, highly significant (P<3.17×10−7) population-specific sweeps pointing out to candidate genes and pathways that may be involved in beef and dairy production were identified. The most significant signal was found in the Cornichon homolog 3 gene (CNIH3) in Brown Swiss (P = 3.82×10−12), and may be involved in the regulation of pre-ovulatory luteinizing hormone surge. Other putative pathways under selection are the glucolysis/gluconeogenesis, transcription machinery and chemokine/cytokine activity in Angus; calpain-calpastatin system and ribosome biogenesis in Brown Swiss; and gangliosides deposition in milk fat globules in Gyr. The composite method, combined with the strategies applied to retrieve functional information, may be a useful tool for surveying genome-wide selective sweeps and providing insights in to the source of selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Tani Utsunomiya
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Pérez O’Brien
- Division of Livestock Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tad Stewart Sonstegard
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, ARS-USDA - Agricultural Research Service - United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Curtis Paul Van Tassell
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, ARS-USDA - Agricultural Research Service - United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Adriana Santana do Carmo
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gábor Mészáros
- Division of Livestock Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Sölkner
- Division of Livestock Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail: (JS); (JFG)
| | - José Fernando Garcia
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Apoio, Saúde e Produção Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail: (JS); (JFG)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cushman RA, Miles JR, Rempel LA, McDaneld TG, Kuehn LA, Chitko-McKown CG, Nonneman D, Echternkamp SE. Identification of an ionotropic glutamate receptor AMPA1/GRIA1 polymorphism in crossbred beef cows differing in fertility. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:2640-6. [PMID: 23478821 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A proposed functional polymorphism in the ionotropic glutamate receptor AMPA1 (GRIA1) has been reported to influence antral follicle numbers and fertility in cows. Repeat breeder cows that fail to produce a calf in multiple seasons have been reported to have reduced numbers of small (1 to 3 mm) antral follicles in their ovaries. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that this GRIA1 polymorphism was affecting antral follicle numbers in repeat breeder cows. Repeat breeder cows (n = 64) and control cows (n = 72) that had always produced a calf were housed in a dry lot and observed twice daily for behavioral estrus. Blood samples were collected, and cows were genotyped for this GRIA1 polymorphism and for a polymorphism in the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) that was proposed to influence age at puberty. On d 3 to 8 after estrus cows were slaughtered, and reproductive organs were collected to determine antral follicle count, ovary size, and uterine horn diameter. Repeat breeder cows were older at first calving than control cows (P = 0.006). The length (P = 0.03) and height (P = 0.02) of the ovary contralateral to the corpus luteum (CL) were greater in control cows than repeat breeder cows. The endometrial diameter in the horn ipsilateral to the CL was greater in the control cows than the repeat breeder cows. Repeat breeder cows had fewer small (1 to 5 mm) antral follicles than control cows (P = 0.003); however, there was no association between GRIA1 genotype and antral follicle number. The GnRHR polymorphism was associated with age at first calving because cows that were homozygous for the C allele had a greater age at first calving than heterozygous cows or cows that were homozygous for the T allele (P = 0.01). In the granulosa cells from small (1 to 5 mm) antral follicles, mRNA abundances of 2 markers of oocyte quality, anti-Müllerian hormone and pentraxin 3, did not differ between fertility groups (P ≥ 0.12). We conclude that this GRIA1 polymorphism exists in beef cows but that it does not influence antral follicle numbers. The association between GnRHR genotype and age at first calving is likely not causal as this polymorphism is not functional. The utility of this polymorphism as a genetic marker for early conception in heifers will require further validation. Screening postpartum cows by ultrasonography to determine antral follicle numbers may aid in making culling decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A Cushman
- USDA-ARS, Roman L. Hruska U. S. Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kuroda K, Venkatakrishnan R, Salker MS, Lucas ES, Shaheen F, Kuroda M, Blanks A, Christian M, Quenby S, Brosens JJ. Induction of 11β-HSD 1 and activation of distinct mineralocorticoid receptor- and glucocorticoid receptor-dependent gene networks in decidualizing human endometrial stromal cells. Mol Endocrinol 2012; 27:192-202. [PMID: 23275455 DOI: 10.1210/me.2012-1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The actions of glucocorticoids at the feto-maternal interface are not well understood. Here, we show that decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) in response to progesterone and cAMP signaling is associated with a strong induction of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1) expression and enzyme activity. Decidualization also triggered a gradual decrease in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression and reciprocal increase in mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) levels. Gene expression profiling of differentiating HESCs after small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of either GR or MR identified 239 and 167 significantly regulated genes, respectively. Interestingly, GR-repressed genes were enriched for Krüppel-associated box domain containing zinc-finger proteins, transcriptional repressors involved in heterochromatin formation. In agreement, GR knockdown was sufficient to enhance trimethylated H3K9 levels in decidualizing cells. Conversely, we identified several MR-dependent genes implicated in lipid droplet biogenesis and retinoid metabolism. For example, the induction in differentiating HESCs of DHRS3, encoding a highly conserved enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation/reduction of retinoids and steroids, was enhanced by aldosterone, attenuated in response to MR knockdown, and abolished upon treatment with the MR antagonist RU26752. Furthermore, we demonstrate that decidualization is associated with dynamic changes in the abundance and distribution of cytoplasmic lipid droplets, the formation of which was blocked by RU26752. In summary, progesterone drives local cortisol biosynthesis by decidual cells through induction of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1), leading to transcriptional regulation of distinct GR and MR gene networks involved in epigenetic programming and lipid and retinoid metabolism, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Kuroda
- Department of Reproductive Health, Clinical Science Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Machaty Z, Peippo J, Peter A. Production and manipulation of bovine embryos: Techniques and terminology. Theriogenology 2012; 78:937-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
25
|
Sugimoto M, Watanabe T, Sugimoto Y. The molecular effects of a polymorphism in the 5'UTR of solute carrier family 44, member 5 that is associated with birth weight in Holsteins. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41267. [PMID: 22815983 PMCID: PMC3399839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystocia is a major problem for the dairy cattle industry, and the observed high rates of this condition stem from genetic selection to increase subsequent milk production of the calving female. Because smaller birth size does not adversely affect subsequent milk production, selecting for cows with a smaller birth size would reduce dystocia rates and be beneficial for both the cattle and the farmers. To identify genes that regulate birth weight, we conducted a genome-wide association study using 1151 microsatellite markers and identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with birth weight: A-326G in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of solute carrier family 44, member 5 (SLC44A5). Cows with higher birth weights carried the A polymorphism in the SLC44A5 5' UTR, and the presence of the A polymorphism correlated with a high rate of dystocia. Luciferase assays and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) assays revealed that SLC44A5 transcripts with the A polymorphism are expressed at lower levels than those carrying the G polymorphism. SLC44A5 encodes a choline transporter-like protein, and choline is a component of the major phospholipids of cell membranes. Uptake studies in HeLa cells demonstrated that SLC44A5 knockdown reduces choline efflux, whereas SLC44A5 overexpression resulted in the opposite effect. Furthermore, cell viability assays indicated that SLC44A5 knockdown increased cell proliferation, whereas SLC44A5 overexpression repressed proliferation. Taken together, our results suggest that calves with reduced SLC44A5 expression are larger due to enhanced cell proliferation. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms that control birth weight in Holsteins and suggests that SLC44A5 may serve as a potential target for preventing dystocia.
Collapse
|
26
|
HIRAYAMA H, KAGEYAMA S, NAITO A, FUKUDA S, FUJII T, MINAMIHASHI A. Prediction of Superovulatory Response in Japanese Black Cattle Using Ultrasound, Plasma Anti-Müllerian Hormone Concentrations and Polymorphism in the Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor AMPA1/GRIA1. J Reprod Dev 2012; 58:380-3. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.11-129s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki HIRAYAMA
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
| | - Soichi KAGEYAMA
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
| | - Akira NAITO
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
| | - Shigeo FUKUDA
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
| | - Takashi FUJII
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
| | - Akira MINAMIHASHI
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido 081-0038, Japan
| |
Collapse
|