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Brent M, Brent MB. Sports Participation and Osteoarthritis in Females: A Systematic Review. Sports (Basel) 2023; 12:15. [PMID: 38251289 PMCID: PMC10819498 DOI: 10.3390/sports12010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sports participation and the risk of osteoarthritis (OA) have been a concern for decades. Few research efforts have been dedicated to clarify this issue for females, although they are considered at greater risk of developing OA than males. In contrast, several reviews have established an association between sports participation and OA for males. The aim of the systematic review was to assess the association between OA and participation in popular sports for females. PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched and yielded 578 articles. Nine eligible studies were included and covered ballet (age range: 19-54 years), running or tennis (age range: 40-65 years), Olympic sports (age range: not specified), volleyball (age range: 16.0 ± 0.8 to 46.8 ± 5.1 years), and cross-country skiing (age range: 15 to ≥60 years). For females, participating in sports at an elite level was associated with a higher risk of OA and an increased need for surgical treatment. At non-elite level, it was associated with a higher risk of OA, but it did not materialize to an increased risk for surgical treatment. Few studies compared females and males, and these studies suggested that sex did not affect the risk of developing OA from participating in sports. Nevertheless, to isolate the precise effect of sports participation on the development of OA remains difficult as injuries are common among athletes and are independently associated with an increased risk of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Brent
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9200 Aalborg Øst, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Bo Brent
- Department of Biomedicine, Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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Axfors C, Wikström AK, Sundström Poromaa I, Hållmarker U, Michaëlsson K, Wallert J, White RA, Skalkidou A. Pre-pregnancy participation and performance in world's largest cross-country ski race as a proxy for physical exercise and fitness, and perinatal outcomes: Prospective registry-based cohort study. BJOG 2023. [PMID: 36715556 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate associations between pre-pregnancy participation and performance in a demanding cross-country ski race (proxy for exercise volume and fitness) and perinatal outcomes. Pre-registered protocol: osf.io/aywg2. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Based on entire overlap between the Vasaloppet registry and the population-based Swedish Pregnancy Register. SAMPLE All female Vasaloppet participants 1991-2017 with subsequent singleton delivery (skiers), and age- and county-matched non-skiers. METHODS We calculated odds ratios (ORs) for non-skiers versus skiers (model 1) and, among skiers, by performance (model 2), in Bayesian logistic regressions adjusted for socio-demographics, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities. We repeated calculations adjusting for early pregnancy body mass index (potential mediator) and explored robustness (selection/exposure settings; multiple comparisons correction). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Twenty-nine important perinatal outcomes, predefined based on existing expert consensus. RESULTS Non-skiers (n = 194 384) versus skiers (n = 15 377) (and slower versus faster performance, not shown) consistently had higher odds of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (OR 1.70, 95% highest density interval: 1.40-2.09), excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) (1.28, 1.22-1.38), psychiatric morbidity (1.60, 1.49-1.72), any caesarean section (CS) (1.34, 1.28-1.40), elective CS (1.39, 1.29-1.49), and large-for-gestational-age babies (>90th percentile, 1.11, 1.04-1.18); lower odds of inadequate GWG (0.83, 0.79-0.88); and no associations with fetal/neonatal complications (e.g. preterm birth [1.09, 0.98-1.20], small for gestational age [SGA] [1.23, 1.05-1.45]). Adjustment for body mass index attenuated associations with excessive (1.20, 1.14-1.30) and inadequate GWG (0.87, 0.83-0.92) and large for gestational age (1.07, 1.00-1.13). CONCLUSION Non-skiers compared with skiers, and slower versus faster performance, consistently displayed higher odds of GDM, excessive GWG, psychiatric morbidity, CS and large-for-gestational-age babies; and lower odds of inadequate GWG, after adjustment for socio-demographic and lifestyle factors and comorbidities. There were no associations with fetal/neonatal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Axfors
- Department for Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Anna-Karin Wikström
- Department for Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Ulf Hållmarker
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine, Mora Hospital, Mora, Sweden
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - John Wallert
- Department for Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Richard A White
- Section Sykdomspulsen: Real-Time Surveillance, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alkistis Skalkidou
- Department for Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Nilsen DH, Furnes O, Kroken G, Robsahm TE, Johnsen MB, Engebretsen L, Nordsletten L, Bahr R, Lie SA. Risk of total hip arthroplasty after elite sport: linking 3304 former world-class athletes with the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register. Br J Sports Med 2022; 57:bjsports-2022-105575. [PMID: 36588424 PMCID: PMC9811096 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES At present, there is no cure for osteoarthritis (OA), but severe hip joint degeneration can require total hip arthroplasty (THA). The literature on OA after elite sport is limited. We hypothesise that elite athletic activity increases the risk of receiving a THA later in life. METHODS We linked a cohort of former Norwegian world-class athletes (1402 females and 1902 males, active 1936-2006) to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register (THA performed 1987-2020). We used standardised incidence ratio (SIR), one-minus Kaplan-Meier and relative Cox regression (relative HR, RHR), with 95% CIs, and funnel plots at age 75, to assess THA risk for different sport disciplines, joint impact categories of sport disciplines and sex. The risk of THA for the corresponding general Norwegian population was used as reference. RESULTS We found an overall increased risk for THA for the former elite athletes (SIR 2.11, 95% CI 1.82 to 2.40) at age 75 years, compared with the general population. THA risk at age 75 years was 11.6% for female athletes and 8.3% for male athletes. SIR was 1.90 (95% CI 1.49 to 2.31) for female and 2.28 (95% CI 1.87 to 2.70) for male athletes. Among males, high joint impact sport disciplines were associated with increased risk compared with low-impact sport disciplines (RHR 1.81, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.08, p=0.029). CONCLUSION Having been an elite athlete was associated with a doubling of THA risk compared with the general population for both sexes. High joint impact sport disciplines were associated with subsequent THA for male athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hoseth Nilsen
- Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ove Furnes
- Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gard Kroken
- Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Marianne Bakke Johnsen
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Nordsletten
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roald Bahr
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stein Atle Lie
- Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Sananta P, Triska Ariyanti N, Widasmara D, Noviya Fuzianingsih E. Is there any correlation between physical activity and severity of knee osteoarthritis in secondary referral hospital in Indonesia? Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i5.1857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: Osteoarthritis is a pathological condition of the joints that is degenerative and progressive, affecting two-thirds of people over 65 years of age, with a prevalence of 1.39 million among males and 1.69 million in females. The main clinical manifestation of osteoarthritis is joint pain. The incidence and progression of knee osteoarthritis are strongly influenced by risk factors, consisting of systemic factors including age, sex, hormonal factors, and biomechanical factors such as obesity, physical activity, and muscle weakness. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between physical activity, the severity of knee osteoarthritis and the level of pain based on the Kellgren-Lawrence system in gender.
Materials and Methods: This research was conducted in a cross-sectional design with 26 participants at Baptis Hospital in Batu City. As references for the interview, the GPPAQ and the WOMAC questionnaire were used. The Kellgren-Lawrence system is used to assess knee osteoarthritis.
Results: The Spearman correlation test results showed no significant relationship between physical activity and the severity of knee osteoarthritis, and no significance between physical activity and the degree of pain in general or by gender.
Conclusion: There was no statistically significant relationship between physical activity with the severity of knee osteoarthritis and the level of pain in males and females patients at Baptis Hospital in Batu City.
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Haider MZ, Bhuiyan R, Ahmed S, Zahid-Al-Quadir A, Choudhury MR, Haq SA, Zaman MM. Risk factors of knee osteoarthritis in Bangladeshi adults: a national survey. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:333. [PMID: 35395747 PMCID: PMC8991964 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knee osteoarthritis was reported as the second most prevalent condition in the national musculoskeletal survey. The purpose of this extended study was to identify risk factors for knee osteoarthritis in Bangladeshi adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in rural and urban areas of Bangladesh using stratified multistage cluster sample of 2000 adults aged 18 years or older recruited at their households. The Modified Community Oriented Program for Control of Rheumatic Disorders (COPCORD) questionnaire was used to collect data. The diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis was made using the decision tree clinical categorization criteria of the American College of Rheumatology. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done to identify the risk factors for knee osteoarthritis. RESULTS A total of 1843 individuals (892 men and 951 women) participated, and 134 had knee osteoarthritis yielding a prevalence of 7.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.9 to 9.6%). The mean (standard deviation) age of the knee osteoarthritis patients was 51.7 (11.2) years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found a significant association with increasing age (≥38 years OR 8.9, 95% CI 4.8-16.5; ≥58 years OR 13.9, 95% CI 6.9-28.0), low educational level (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0-2.7) and overweight (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2-2.9) with knee osteoarthritis. Knee osteoarthritis patients had a high likelihood of having work loss preceding 12 months (age and sex-adjusted OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.4-3.8; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Knee osteoarthritis is a commonly prevalent musculoskeletal problem among Bangladeshi adults having link to work loss. Increasing age, low education and overweight are significant risk factors of knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ziaul Haider
- Tb Control and Training Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Present Address: 250 Bedded Tb Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rijwan Bhuiyan
- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Coordination Center, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh
| | - Shamim Ahmed
- Department of Rheumatology, BSM Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Syed Atiqul Haq
- Department of Rheumatology, BSM Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Driban JB, Lo GH, Roberts MB, Harkey MS, Schaefer LF, Haugen IK, Smith SE, Duryea J, Lu B, Eaton CB, Hochberg MC, Jackson RD, Kwoh CK, Nevitt MC, McAlindon TE. Racket or Bat Sports: No Association With Thumb-Base Osteoarthritis. J Athl Train 2022; 57:341-351. [PMID: 35439314 PMCID: PMC9020592 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0208.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Repetitive joint use is a risk factor for osteoarthritis, which is a leading cause of disability. Sports requiring a racket or bat to perform repetitive high-velocity impacts may increase the risk of thumb-base osteoarthritis. However, this hypothesis remains untested. OBJECTIVE To determine if a history of participation in racket or bat sports was associated with the prevalence of thumb-base osteoarthritis. DESIGN Descriptive epidemiologic study. SETTING Four US clinical sites associated with the Osteoarthritis Initiative. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS We recruited 2309 men and women from the community. Eligible participants had dominant-hand radiographic readings, hand symptom assessments, and historical physical activity survey data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) A history of exposure to racket or bat sports (badminton, baseball or softball, racketball or squash, table tennis [or ping pong], tennis [doubles], or tennis [singles]) was based on self-reported recall data covering 3 age ranges (12-18, 19-34, and 35-49 years). Prevalent radiographic thumb-base osteoarthritis was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence grade >2 in the first carpometacarpal joint or scaphotrapezoidal joint at the Osteoarthritis Initiative baseline visit. Symptomatic thumb-base osteoarthritis was defined as radiographic osteoarthritis and hand or finger symptoms. RESULTS Radiographic or symptomatic thumb-base osteoarthritis was present in 355 (34%) and 56 (5%), respectively, of men (total = 1049) and 535 (42%) and 170 (13%), respectively, of women (total = 1260). After adjusting for age, race, and education level, we found no significant associations between a history of any racket or bat sport participation and thumb-base osteoarthritis (radiographic or symptomatic; odds ratios ranged from 0.82 to 1.34). CONCLUSIONS In a community-based cohort, a self-reported history of participation in racket or bat sports was not associated with increased odds of having radiographic or symptomatic thumb-base osteoarthritis in the dominant hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey B. Driban
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Grace H. Lo
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Mary B. Roberts
- Center for Primary Care and Prevention, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Pawtucket, RI
| | | | | | - Ida K. Haugen
- Department of Rheumatology and Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stacy E. Smith
- Department of
Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jeffrey Duryea
- Department of
Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bing Lu
- Department of
Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Charles B. Eaton
- Center for Primary Care and Prevention, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Pawtucket, RI
| | - Marc C. Hochberg
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Rebecca D. Jackson
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus
| | | | - Michael C. Nevitt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Timothy E. McAlindon
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
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Stattin K, Höijer J, Hållmarker U, Baron JA, Larsson SC, Wolk A, Michaëlsson K, Byberg L. Fracture risk across a wide range of physical activity levels, from sedentary individuals to elite athletes. Bone 2021; 153:116128. [PMID: 34302997 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine how physical activity is associated with risk of different fracture outcomes across the full range of physical activity. METHODS By combining information from three cohort studies and using generalized structural equation modelling, we estimated a continuous unitless latent variable reflecting physical activity that ranged from sedentary through elite athlete levels. Associations between physical activity and fracture outcomes were assessed with proportional hazards regression using restricted cubic splines with the mean physical activity (corresponding to 20-40 min walking or bicycling/day or 2-3 h exercise/week) as reference. RESULTS Among 63,980 men and women (49-68 years) and during 13 years of follow-up, 8506 fractures occurred, including 2164 distal forearm, 779 proximal humerus, 346 clinical spine, and 908 hip fractures. Both lower and higher physical activity was associated with higher risk of any fracture compared to the mean. Physical activity at 1 standard deviation (SD) below the mean, corresponding to walking/bicycling <20 min/day or exercising <1-1 h/week, was associated with a lower risk of distal forearm fracture (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85-0.99) and higher risk of hip fracture (HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.13-1.37), but no associations were seen above the mean physical activity level for these fractures. Physical activity was not associated with proximal humerus fracture but had a possible U-shaped association with clinical spine fracture. CONCLUSION Physical activity was non-linearly associated with fracture risk and the association differed across fracture sites. Up to 2-3 h weekly exercise is beneficial for the prevention of hip fracture but may increase the risk of distal forearm fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Stattin
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Höijer
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hållmarker
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Internal Medicine, Mora Lasarett, Mora, Sweden
| | - John A Baron
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liisa Byberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Alami H, Rivard L, de Oliveira RR, Lehoux P, Cadeddu SBM, Savoldelli M, Ag Ahmed MA, Fortin JP. Guiding Pay-As-You-Live Health Insurance Models Toward Responsible Innovation in Health. J Particip Med 2020; 12:e19586. [PMID: 33064095 PMCID: PMC7543981 DOI: 10.2196/19586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While the transition toward digitalized health care and service delivery challenges many publicly and privately funded health systems, patients are already producing a phenomenal amount of data on their health and lifestyle through their personal use of mobile technologies. To extract value from such user-generated data, a new insurance model is emerging called Pay-As-You-Live (PAYL). This model differs from other insurance models by offering to support clients in the management of their health in a more interactive yet directive manner. Despite significant promises for clients, there are critical issues that remain unaddressed, especially as PAYL models can significantly disrupt current collective insurance models and question the social contract in so-called universal and public health systems. In this paper, we discuss the following issues of concern: the quantification of health-related behavior, the burden of proof of compliance, client data privacy, and the potential threat to health insurance models based on risk mutualization. We explore how more responsible health insurance models in the digital health era could be developed, particularly by drawing from the Responsible Innovation in Health framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassane Alami
- Center for Public Health Research, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Health Management, Evaluation, and Policy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lysanne Rivard
- Center for Public Health Research, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Robson Rocha de Oliveira
- Center for Public Health Research, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Health Management, Evaluation, and Policy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pascale Lehoux
- Center for Public Health Research, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Health Management, Evaluation, and Policy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Mohamed Ali Ag Ahmed
- Research Chair on Chronic Diseases in Primary Care, Université de Sherbrooke, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Fortin
- Research Center on Healthcare and Services in Primary Care, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
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Contralateral preoperative templating of lower limbs' mechanical angles is a reasonable option. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:1445-1451. [PMID: 31073842 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05524-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In cases where the femur or tibia exhibits abnormal mechanical angulation due to degenerative changes or fracture, the contralateral leg is often used to complete preoperative templating. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of asymmetry between knee joints in healthy individuals and to determine whether it is affected by differing demographic parameters. METHODS A CT scan-based modelling and analysis system was used to examine the lower limb of 233 patients (102 males, 131 women; mean age 61.2 ± 15.2 years, mean body mass index 24.9 ± 4.4 kg/m2) The hip-knee angle (HKA), lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), posterior proximal tibial angle (ppta) and posterior distal femoral angle (PDFA) were then calculated for each patient. Results were then analysed to calculate femoral symmetry based on absolute differences (AD) and percentage asymmetry (%AS) using a previously validated method. RESULTS Our results do not demonstrate any considerable asymmetry (percentage of asymmetry > 2%) for all the anatomical parameters analysed: HKA (mean AD = 1.5°; mean AS % = 0.8, n.s), MPTA (AD = 1.1°; AS % = 1.3, n.s), PPTA (AD = 1.4°; AS % = 1.0, n.s), LDFA (AD = 1.2 mm; AS % = 1.4, n.s) and PDFA (AD = 0.9°; AS % = 1.0, n.s). Gender and ethnicity were not associated with significantly higher AD asymmetry. A significant correlation of AD asymmetry was observed between BMI and HKA, BMI and MPTA, and between patients' age and the MPTA. CONCLUSION This data demonstrate that there is a non-statistically significant mechanical angle asymmetry between the two lower limbs. In cases where contralateral templating is used, such asymmetry will induce minimal (if any) clinical differences. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Romancuk N, Nikolaidis PT, Villiger E, Chtourou H, Rosemann T, Knechtle B. Performance and Participation in the 'Vasaloppet' Cross-Country Skiing Race during a Century. Sports (Basel) 2019; 7:E86. [PMID: 31013729 PMCID: PMC6524363 DOI: 10.3390/sports7040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated gender differences in performance and participation and the role of nationality during one century in one of the largest cross-country (XC) skiing events in the world, the 'Vasaloppet' in Sweden. The total number of female and male athletes who finished (n = 562,413) this race between 1922 and 2017 was considered. Most of the finishers were Swedish (81.03% of women and 88.39% of men), followed by Norwegians and Finnish. The overall men-to-women ratio was 17.5. A gender × nationality association was observed for participation (χ2 = 1,823.44, p < 0.001, φ = 0.057), with the men-to-women ratio ranging from 6.7 (USA) to 19.1 (Sweden). For both genders, the participation (%) of Swedish decreased, and that of all other nationalities (except Swiss) increased across years. Regarding the mean race time, men were faster than women by 14.5% (7 h 52 min 17 s versus 9 h 00 min 55 s, respectively). A trivial gender×nationality interaction regarding the race time was observed (p < 0.001, η2 < 0.001), with gender differences ranging from 4.4% (USA) to 22.0% (Iceland). The race time increased across calendar years for both women (r = 0.45, p = 0.006, moderate magnitude) and men (r = 0.25, p = 0.015, small magnitude). On the basis of these findings, we concluded that a relatively small number of women pariticipates in XC skiing. Therefore, the development of public health policies targeting the participation of women in XC skiing should be a concern in the countries with a tradition of this sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastja Romancuk
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich 8006, Switzerland.
| | | | - Elias Villiger
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich 8006, Switzerland.
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Activité Physique: Sport et Santé, UR18JS01, Observatoire National du Sport, Tunis 2020, Tunisie.
- Institut Supérieur du Sport et de l'éducation physique de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisie.
| | - Thomas Rosemann
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich 8006, Switzerland.
| | - Beat Knechtle
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich 8006, Switzerland.
- Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, St. Gallen 9001, Switzerland.
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11
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Research into work addiction has steadily grown over the past decade. However, the literature is far from unified and there has been much debate on many different issues. AIM AND METHODS This paper comprises a narrative review and focuses on 10 myths about work addiction that have permeated the psychological literature and beyond. The 10 myths examined are (a) work addiction is a new behavioral addiction, (b) work addiction is similar to other behavioral addictions, (c) there are only psychosocial consequences of work addiction, (d) work addiction and workaholism are the same thing, (e) work addiction exclusively occurs as a consequence of individual personality factors, (f) work addiction only occurs in adulthood, (g) some types of work addiction are positive, (h) work addiction is a transient behavioral pattern related to situational factors, (i) work addiction is a function of the time spent engaging in work, and (j) work addiction is an example of overpathogizing everyday behavior and it will never be classed as a mental disorder in the DSM. RESULTS Using the empirical literature to date, it is demonstrated that there is evidence to counter each of the 10 myths. CONCLUSION It appears that the field is far from unified and that there are different theoretical constructs underpinning different strands of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary,Corresponding author: Dr. Mark Griffiths; Professor of Behavioural Addiction, International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK; Phone: +44 115 848 2401; E-mail:
| | - Paweł A. Atroszko
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Institute of Psychology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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12
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Yu D, Jordan KP, Snell KIE, Riley RD, Bedson J, Edwards JJ, Mallen CD, Tan V, Ukachukwu V, Prieto-Alhambra D, Walker C, Peat G. Development and validation of prediction models to estimate risk of primary total hip and knee replacements using data from the UK: two prospective open cohorts using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 78:91-99. [PMID: 30337425 PMCID: PMC6317440 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The ability to efficiently and accurately predict future risk of primary total hip and knee replacement (THR/TKR) in earlier stages of osteoarthritis (OA) has potentially important applications. We aimed to develop and validate two models to estimate an individual’s risk of primary THR and TKR in patients newly presenting to primary care. Methods We identified two cohorts of patients aged ≥40 years newly consulting hip pain/OA and knee pain/OA in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Candidate predictors were identified by systematic review, novel hypothesis-free ‘Record-Wide Association Study’ with replication, and panel consensus. Cox proportional hazards models accounting for competing risk of death were applied to derive risk algorithms for THR and TKR. Internal–external cross-validation (IECV) was then applied over geographical regions to validate two models. Results 45 predictors for THR and 53 for TKR were identified, reviewed and selected by the panel. 301 052 and 416 030 patients newly consulting between 1992 and 2015 were identified in the hip and knee cohorts, respectively (median follow-up 6 years). The resultant model C-statistics is 0.73 (0.72, 0.73) and 0.79 (0.78, 0.79) for THR (with 20 predictors) and TKR model (with 24 predictors), respectively. The IECV C-statistics ranged between 0.70–0.74 (THR model) and 0.76–0.82 (TKR model); the IECV calibration slope ranged between 0.93–1.07 (THR model) and 0.92–1.12 (TKR model). Conclusions Two prediction models with good discrimination and calibration that estimate individuals’ risk of THR and TKR have been developed and validated in large-scale, nationally representative data, and are readily automated in electronic patient records.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Yu
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Kelvin P Jordan
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Kym I E Snell
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK.,Centre for Prognostic Research, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Richard D Riley
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK.,Centre for Prognostic Research, Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - John Bedson
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - John James Edwards
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Christian D Mallen
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Valerie Tan
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Vincent Ukachukwu
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Daniel Prieto-Alhambra
- GREMPAL (Grup de Recerca en Epidemiologia de les Malalties Prevalents de l'Aparell Locomotor), Idiap Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute and CIBERFes, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Musculoskeletal Pharmaco- and Device Epidemiology - Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christine Walker
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - George Peat
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
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13
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Stattin K, Hållmarker U, Ärnlöv J, James S, Michaëlsson K, Byberg L. Decreased Hip, Lower Leg, and Humeral Fractures but Increased Forearm Fractures in Highly Active Individuals. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:1842-1850. [PMID: 29933501 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
It is not known how physical exercise affects the risk of different types of fractures, especially in highly active individuals. To investigate this association, we studied a cohort of 118,204 men and 71,757 women who from 1991 to 2009 participated in Vasaloppet, a long-distance cross-country skiing race in Sweden, and 505,194 nonparticipants frequency-matched on sex, age, and county of residence from the Swedish population. Participants ranged from recreational exercisers to world-class skiers. Race participation, distance of race run, number of races participated in, and finishing time were used as proxies for physical exercise. Incident fractures from 1991 to 2010 were obtained from national Swedish registers. Over a median follow-up of 8.9 years, 53,175 fractures of any type, 2929 hip, 3107 proximal humerus, 11,875 lower leg, 11,733 forearm, and 2391 vertebral fractures occurred. In a Cox proportional hazard regression analysis using time-updated exposure and covariate information, participation in the race was associated with an increased risk of any type of fracture (hazard ratio [HR], 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.05); forearm fractures had an HR, 1.11 with a 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.15. There was a lower risk of hip (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.83), proximal humerus (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.98), and lower leg fractures (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89 to 0.97), whereas the HR of vertebral fracture was 0.97 with a 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.07. Among participants, the risk of fracture was similar irrespective of race distance and number of races run. Participants close to the median finishing time had a lower risk of fracture compared with faster and slower participants. In summary, high levels of physical exercise were associated with a slightly higher risk of fractures of any type, including forearm fractures, but a lower risk of hip, proximal humerus, and lower leg fractures. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Stattin
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopedics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hållmarker
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine, Mora Lasarett, Mora, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Dalarna, Sweden
| | - Stefan James
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopedics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liisa Byberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopedics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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14
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Munugoda IP, Wills K, Cicuttini F, Graves SE, Lorimer M, Jones G, Callisaya ML, Aitken D. The association between ambulatory activity, body composition and hip or knee joint replacement due to osteoarthritis: a prospective cohort study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:671-679. [PMID: 29474994 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.02.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between ambulatory activity (AA), body composition measures and hip or knee joint replacement (JR) due to osteoarthritis. DESIGN At baseline, 1082 community-dwelling older-adults aged 50-80 years were studied. AA was measured objectively using pedometer and body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The incidence of primary (first-time) JR was determined by data linkage to the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR). Log binomial regression with generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the risk of JR associated with baseline AA and body composition measures, adjusting for age, sex, X-ray disease severity, and pain. RESULTS Over 13 years of follow-up, 74 (6.8%) participants had a knee replacement (KR) and 50 (4.7%) a hip replacement (HR). AA was associated with a higher risk of KR (RR 1.09/1000 steps/day, 95% CI 1.01, 1.16) and a lower risk of HR (RR 0.90/1000 steps/day, 95% CI 0.81, 0.99). Body mass index (BMI) (RR 1.07/kg/m2, 95% CI 1.03, 1.12), total fat mass (RR 1.03/kg, 95% CI 1.01, 1.06), trunk fat mass (RR 1.05/kg, 95% CI 1.00, 1.09), and waist circumference (RR 1.02/cm, 95% CI 1.00, 1.04) were associated with a higher risk of KR. Body composition measures were not associated with HR. CONCLUSIONS An objective measure of AA was associated with a small increased risk of KR and a small reduced risk of HR. Worse body composition profiles were associated with KR, but not HR. Altogether this may suggest different causal pathways for each site with regard to habitual activity and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I P Munugoda
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - K Wills
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - F Cicuttini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University Medical School, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - S E Graves
- Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - M Lorimer
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - G Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - M L Callisaya
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - D Aitken
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
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15
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Hellevik AI, Nordsletten L, Johnsen MB, Fenstad AM, Furnes O, Storheim K, Zwart JA, Flugsrud G, Langhammer A. Age of menarche is associated with knee joint replacement due to primary osteoarthritis (The HUNT Study and the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register). Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:1654-1662. [PMID: 28705605 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether parity, age at menarche, menopausal status, age at menopause, use of oral contraceptives (OC) or use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) were associated with total knee replacement (TKR) or total hip replacement (THR) due to primary osteoarthritis. METHOD In a prospective cohort study of 30,289 women from the second and third surveys of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study, data were linked to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register (NAR) in order to identify TKR or THR due to primary osteoarthritis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS We observed 430 TKRs and 675 THRs during a mean follow-up time of 8.3 years. Increasing age at menarche was inversely associated with the risk of TKR (P-trend < 0.001). Past users and users of systemic HRT were at higher risk of TKR compared to never users (HR 1.42 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-1.90) and HR 1.40 (95% CI 1.03-1.90), respectively). No association was found between parity, age at menarche, menopausal status, age at menopause, oral contraceptive use or HRT use and THR. CONCLUSION We found that increasing age at menarche reduced the risk of TKR. Past users and users of systemic HRT were at higher risk of TKR compared to never users. Parity did not increase the risk of THR or TKR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Hellevik
- The HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Levanger, Norway; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - L Nordsletten
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - M B Johnsen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - A M Fenstad
- The Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - O Furnes
- The Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - K Storheim
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - J A Zwart
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - G Flugsrud
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - A Langhammer
- The HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Levanger, Norway.
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16
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Palmieri-Smith RM, Cameron KL, DiStefano LJ, Driban JB, Pietrosimone B, Thomas AC, Tourville TW, Consortium ATO. The Role of Athletic Trainers in Preventing and Managing Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis in Physically Active Populations: a Consensus Statement of the Athletic Trainers' Osteoarthritis Consortium. J Athl Train 2017; 52:610-623. [PMID: 28653866 PMCID: PMC5488853 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-52.2.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide athletic trainers with a fundamental understanding of the pathogenesis and risk factors associated with the development of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) as well as the best current recommendations for preventing and managing this condition. BACKGROUND Posttraumatic osteoarthritis, or osteoarthritis that develops secondary to joint injury, accounts for approximately 5.5 million US cases annually. A young athlete with a joint injury is at high risk for PTOA before the age of 40, which could lead to the patient living more than half of his or her life with a painful and disabling disorder. Given our frequent contact with physically active people who often sustain traumatic joint injuries, athletic trainers are in a unique position to help prevent and manage PTOA. We can, therefore, regularly monitor joint health in at-risk patients and implement early therapies as necessary. RECOMMENDATIONS The recommendations for preventing and managing PTOA are based on the best available evidence. Primary injury prevention, self-management strategies, maintenance of a healthy body weight, and an appropriate level of physical activity should be encouraged among those at risk for PTOA after acute traumatic joint injury. Education of athletic trainers and patients regarding PTOA is also critical for effective prevention and management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Athletic Trainers' Osteoarthritis Consortium
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Keller Army Hospital, West Point, NY
- University of Connecticut, Storrs
- Division of Rheumatology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte
- University of Vermont, Burlington
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17
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Magnusson K, Scurrah K, Ystrom E, Ørstavik RE, Nilsen T, Steingrímsdóttir ÓA, Ferreira P, Fenstad AM, Furnes O, Hagen KB. Genetic factors contribute more to hip than knee surgery due to osteoarthritis - a population-based twin registry study of joint arthroplasty. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:878-884. [PMID: 27986619 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore and quantify the relative strengths of the genetic contribution vs the contribution of modifiable environmental factors to severe osteoarthritis (OA) having progressed to total joint arthroplasty. DESIGN Incident data from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Registry were linked with the Norwegian Twin Registry on the National ID-number in 2014 in a population-based prospective cohort study of same-sex twins born 1915-60 (53.4% females). Education level and height/weight were self-reported and Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated. The total follow-up time was 27 years for hip arthroplasty (1987-2014, 424,914 person-years) and 20 years for knee arthroplasty (1994-2014, 306,207 person-years). We estimated concordances and the genetic contribution to arthroplasty due to OA in separate analyses for the hip and knee joint. RESULTS The population comprised N = 9058 twin pairs (N = 3803 monozygotic (MZ), N = 5226 dizygotic (DZ)). In total, 73% (95% confidence intervals (CI) = 66-78%) and 45% (95% CI = 30-58%) of the respective variation in hip and knee arthroplasty could be explained by genetic factors. Zygosity (as a proxy for genetic factors) was associated with hip arthroplasty concordance over time when adjusted for sex, age, education and BMI (HR = 2.98, 95% CI = 1.90-4.67 for MZ compared to DZ twins). Knee arthroplasty was to a greater extent dependent on BMI when adjusted for zygosity and the other covariates (HR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.02-1.29). CONCLUSION Hip arthroplasty was strongly influenced by genetic factors whereas knee arthroplasty to a greater extent depended on a high BMI. The study may imply there is a greater potential for preventing progression of knee OA to arthroplasty in comparison with hip OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Magnusson
- National Advisory Unit on Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - K Scurrah
- Australian Centre of Excellence in Twin Research, Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E Ystrom
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology and the School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - R E Ørstavik
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - T Nilsen
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - P Ferreira
- Australian Centre of Excellence in Twin Research, Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A M Fenstad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - O Furnes
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - K B Hagen
- National Advisory Unit on Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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18
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Applying the Evidence for Exercise Prescription in Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis. CURRENT GERIATRICS REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13670-016-0178-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Johnsen MB, Hellevik AI, Baste V, Furnes O, Langhammer A, Flugsrud G, Nordsletten L, Zwart JA, Storheim K. Leisure time physical activity and the risk of hip or knee replacement due to primary osteoarthritis: a population based cohort study (The HUNT Study). BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17:86. [PMID: 26879518 PMCID: PMC4754866 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-0937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between leisure time physical activity (LPA) and hip and knee OA and subsequent joint replacement has not yet been clearly defined. Some studies have found the risk of knee replacement (TKR) to increase with high levels of LPA, while others have found no overall relationship to either TKR or hip replacement (THR). The aim was to investigate the association between LPA and the risk of severe end-stage OA, defined as THR or TKR due to primary OA, in a large population-based cohort. METHODS Participants in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) were followed prospectively to identify THR and TKR using the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register. Self-reported LPA was classified as inactive, low, moderate or high. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) according to levels of LPA with adjustments for confounding variables. Analyses were performed by age (<45, 45-59 and ≥60 years) and sex. RESULTS A total of 66 964 participants (mean age 46.8 years (SD 16.3) were included in the analyses. We identified 1636 THRs and 1016 TKRs due to primary OA during 17.0 years (median) of follow-up. High LPA was significantly associated with THR for women <45 years (HR 1.78, 95 % CI 1.08-2.94) and men between 45-59 years (HR 1.53, 95 % CI 1.10-2.13) at baseline. A significant trend was found only among women < 45 years at baseline (p = 0.02). We found that LPA was significantly associated with TKR for women only (HR 1.45, 95 % CI 1.03-2.04). No measures of LPA were associated with TKR for men. CONCLUSION In this population-based study, high level of LPA was associated with increased risk of THR where a significant trend of LPA was seen among women <45 years at baseline. For TKR, high LPA was associated with increased risk only in women. In contrast to previous studies, this study shows a possible association between high LPA and the risk of THR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Bakke Johnsen
- Communication and Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Alf Inge Hellevik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,The HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Levanger, Norway.
| | - Valborg Baste
- Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway. .,Register, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ove Furnes
- Register, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. .,Departments of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- The HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Levanger, Norway.
| | - Gunnar Flugsrud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Lars Nordsletten
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - John Anker Zwart
- Communication and Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kjersti Storheim
- Communication and Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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20
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Abstract
Treatment options for osteoarthritis (OA) beyond pain relief or total knee replacement are very limited. Because of this, attention has shifted to identifying which factors increase the risk of OA in vulnerable populations in order to be able to give recommendations to delay disease onset or to slow disease progression. The gold standard is then to use principles of risk management, first to provide subject-specific estimates of risk and then to find ways of reducing that risk. Population studies of OA risk based on statistical associations do not provide such individually tailored information. Here we argue that mechanistic models of cartilage tissue maintenance and damage coupled to statistical models incorporating model uncertainty, united within the framework of structural reliability analysis, provide an avenue for bridging the disciplines of epidemiology, cell biology, genetics and biomechanics. Such models promise subject-specific OA risk assessment and personalized strategies for mitigating or even avoiding OA. We illustrate the proposed approach with a simple model of cartilage extracellular matrix synthesis and loss regulated by daily physical activity.
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21
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Hållmarker U, Michaëlsson K, Ärnlöv J, Hellberg D, Lagerqvist B, Lindbäck J, James S. Risk of recurrent ischaemic events after myocardial infarction in long-distance ski race participants. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2015; 23:282-90. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487315578664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Hållmarker
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mora Hospital, Sweden
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Sweden
| | - Dan Hellberg
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Bo Lagerqvist
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Sweden
| | | | - Stefan James
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Sweden
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22
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Rubak TS, Svendsen SW, Søballe K, Frost P. Total hip replacement due to primary osteoarthritis in relation to cumulative occupational exposures and lifestyle factors: a nationwide nested case-control study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2015; 66:1496-505. [PMID: 24664794 DOI: 10.1002/acr.22326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk of total hip replacement (THR) due to primary osteoarthritis in relation to cumulative occupational mechanical exposures and lifestyle factors. METHODS Using register information, we identified first-time THR cases within the Danish working population in 2005-2006. For each case, 2 age- and sex-matched controls were drawn. Persons within 2,500 randomly selected case-control sets received a questionnaire about job history, weight at age 25 years, present weight and height, smoking, and sports activities at age 25 years. The job history was combined with a job exposure matrix. Cumulative exposure estimates were expressed according to the pack-year concept of smoking (e.g., cumulative lifting was expressed as ton-years). We used conditional logistic regression for statistical analyses. RESULTS In total, 1,776 case-control sets (71%) were available for analysis. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for exposure to ≥20 ton-years was 1.35 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.05-1.74) for men and 1.00 (95% CI 0.73-1.41) for women. Standing/walking and whole body vibration showed no associations. The adjusted OR for body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m(2) at age 25 years was 2.44 (95% CI 1.38-4.32) for men and 5.12 (95% CI 2.30-11.39) for women. The corresponding adjusted ORs for an increase in BMI of ≥10 kg/m(2) since age 25 years were 2.16 (95% CI 1.25-3.70) and 2.46 (95% CI 1.47-4.13). Sports participation showed weak positive associations, while pack-years of smoking showed no associations. CONCLUSION The results indicated a modest increase in risk of THR in relation to cumulative lifting among men and an increased risk in relation to a high BMI at age 25 years and to a gain in BMI in both sexes.
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Gouttebarge V, Inklaar H, Backx F, Kerkhoffs G. Prevalence of osteoarthritis in former elite athletes: a systematic overview of the recent literature. Rheumatol Int 2014; 35:405-18. [PMID: 25037899 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-014-3093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to systematically review the recent scientific literature to explore the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) in former elite athletes from team and individual sports. A systematic review of observational studies was conducted. Based on three categories of keywords (and synonyms), a sensitive search strategy was built in order to search MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus from 2000 to 2014. The data from included studies presenting a prevalence rate of OA as an outcome measure were extracted using a standardised extraction form, and their methodological quality was described. Fifteen studies were identified through our search strategy, studies being rather heterogeneous with regard to their study population and to the definition and assessment of OA. Hip OA ranged from 2 to 60%, and knee OA from 16 to 95%. Prevalence rates of general, lower limbs or hip/knee OA ranged from 1 to 59%. Prevalence of neck, back, shoulder and ankle OA was reported only in single studies (16, 18, 33 and 3%, respectively). This study showed that prevalence of OA, especially in their lower limbs, seems to be high among former elite athletes from team and individual sports compared to the general population and other occupational sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Gouttebarge
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
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Apold H, Meyer HE, Nordsletten L, Furnes O, Baste V, Flugsrud GB. Risk factors for knee replacement due to primary osteoarthritis, a population based, prospective cohort study of 315,495 individuals. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2014; 15:217. [PMID: 24957045 PMCID: PMC4081510 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common and disabling condition. We wanted to investigate the modifiable risk factors Body Mass Index (BMI) and physical activity, using knee replacement (KR) as a marker for severely symptomatic disease, focusing on the interaction between these risk factors. METHODS 315,495 participants (mean age 43.0 years) from national health screenings were followed prospectively with respect to KR identified by linkage to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register. Data were analysed by Cox proportional hazard regression. RESULTS During 12 years of follow up 1,323 individuals received KR for primary OA. There was a dose-response relationship between BMI and heavy labour, and later KR. Comparing the highest versus the lowest quarter of BMI, the relative risk was 6.2 (95% CI: 4.2-9.0) in men and 11.1 (95% CI: 7.8-15.6) in women. Men reporting intensive physical activity at work had a relative risk of 2.4 (95% CI: 1.8-3.2) versus men reporting sedentary activity at work, the corresponding figure in women being 2.3 (95% CI: 1.7-3.2). The effect of BMI and physical activity at work was additive. The heaviest men with the most strenuous work had a RR of 11.7 (95% CI: 5.9-23.1) compared to the ones with the lowest BMI and most sedentary work. For women the corresponding RR was 15.8 (95% CI: 8.2-30.3). There was no association between physical activity during leisure and KR. CONCLUSION We found that a high BMI and intensive physical activity at work both contribute strongly to the risk of having a KR. As the two risk factors seem to act independently, people with strenuous physical work with a high BMI are at particularly high risk for severely disabling OA of the knee, and should be targeted with effective preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Apold
- Orthopaedic department, Telemark Hospital, Skien, Norway.
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Williams PT. Effects of running and walking on osteoarthritis and hip replacement risk. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014; 45:1292-7. [PMID: 23377837 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3182885f26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Running and other strenuous sports activities are purported to increase osteoarthritis (OA) risk, more so than walking and less-strenuous activities. Analyses were therefore performed to test whether running, walking, and other exercise affect OA and hip replacement risk and to assess the role of body mass index (BMI) in mediating these relationships. METHODS In this article, we studied the proportional hazards analyses of patients' report of having physician-diagnosed OA and hip replacement versus exercise energy expenditure (METs). RESULTS Of the 74,752 runners, 2004 reported OA and 259 reported hip replacements during the 7.1-yr follow-up; whereas of the 14,625 walkers, 696 reported OA and 114 reported hip replacements during the 5.7-yr follow-up. Compared with running <1.8 MET · h · d(-1), the risks for OA and hip replacement decreased as follows: 1) 18.1% (P = 0.01) and 35.1% (P = 0.03) for the 1.8- and 3.6-MET · h · d(-1) run, respectively; 2) 16.1% (P = 0.03) and 50.4% (P = 0.002) for the 3.6- and 5.4-MET · h · d(-1) run, respectively; and 3) 15.6% (P = 0.02) and 38.5% (P = 0.01) for the ≥ 5.4-MET · h · d(-1) run, suggesting that the risk reduction mostly occurred by 1.8 MET · h · d(-1). Baseline BMI was strongly associated with both OA (5.0% increase per kilogram per square meter, P = 2 × 10(-8)) and hip replacement risks (9.8% increase per kilogram per square meter, P = 4.8 × 10(-5)), and adjustment for BMI substantially diminished the risk reduction from running ≥ 1.8 MET · h · d(-1) for OA (from 16.5%, P = 0.01, to 8.6%, P = 0.21) and hip replacement (from 40.4%, P = 0.005, to 28.5%, P = 0.07). The reductions in OA and hip replacement risk by exceeding 1.8 MET · h · d(-1) did not differ significantly between runners and walkers. Other (nonrunning) exercise increased the risk of OA by 2.4% (P = 0.009) and hip replacement by 5.0% per MET · h · d(-1) (P = 0.02), independent of BMI. CONCLUSIONS Running significantly reduced OA and hip replacement risk due to, in part, running's association with lower BMI, whereas other exercise increased OA and hip replacement risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Williams
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Sangiorgio SN, Mukherjee AK, Lau NW, Mukherjee A, Mukhopadhyay P, Ebramzadeh E. Optimization of Physical Activity as a Countermeasure of Bone Loss: A 5-Year Study of Bikram Yoga Practice in Females. Health (London) 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2014.611139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rhon D, Deyle G, Gill N, Rendeiro D. Manual physical therapy and perturbation exercises in knee osteoarthritis. J Man Manip Ther 2013; 21:220-8. [PMID: 24421635 PMCID: PMC3822322 DOI: 10.1179/2042618613y.0000000039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) causes disability among the elderly and is often associated with impaired balance and proprioception. Perturbation exercises may help improve these impairments. Although manual physical therapy is generally a well-tolerated treatment for knee OA, perturbation exercises have not been evaluated when used with a manual physical therapy approach. The purpose of this study was to observe tolerance to perturbation exercises and the effect of a manual physical therapy approach with perturbation exercises on patients with knee OA. Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study of 15 patients with knee OA. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), global rating of change (GROC), and 72-hour post-treatment tolerance were primary outcome measures. Patients received perturbation balance exercises along with a manual physical therapy approach, twice weekly for 4 weeks. Follow-up evaluation was done at 1, 3, and 6 months after beginning the program. Results: Mean total WOMAC score significantly improved (P = 0.001) after the 4-week program (total WOMAC: initial, 105; 4 weeks, 56; 3 months, 54; 6 months, 57). Mean improvements were similar to previously published trials of manual physical therapy without perturbation exercises. The GROC score showed a minimal clinically important difference (MCID)≥+3 in 13 patients (87%) at 4 weeks, 12 patients (80%) at 3 months, and 9 patients (60%) at 6 months. No patients reported exacerbation of symptoms within 72 hours following each treatment session. Discussion: A manual physical therapy approach that also included perturbation exercises was well tolerated and resulted in improved outcome scores in patients with knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rhon
- Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Physical Medicine, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Gail Deyle
- Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Norman Gill
- Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Rendeiro
- Occupational and Physical Therapy Service, Warrior Transition Brigade, Fort Hood, TX, USA
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Lin W, Alizai H, Joseph G, Srikhum W, Nevitt M, Lynch J, McCulloch C, Link T. Physical activity in relation to knee cartilage T2 progression measured with 3 T MRI over a period of 4 years: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21:1558-66. [PMID: 23831632 PMCID: PMC3874212 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to analyze the longitudinal association between physical activity levels and early degenerative cartilage changes in the knee, measured using T2 relaxation times over a period of 4 years in individuals without clinical or radiographic evidence of OA. DESIGN Cartilage T2 was measured at baseline and after 2 and 4 years in 205 subjects aged 45-60 years from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) incidence and normal cohorts with no knee pain (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score of zero), and a Kellgren Lawrence (KL) score of <2 at baseline. Physical activity was scored using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) questionnaire, which was obtained yearly over 4 years. The relationship between physical activity and T2 was studied using a mixed model linear regression, including random effects, and adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS T2 values for all PASE tertiles progressed over the 4-year period. T2 progression was increased in the highest tertile of physical activity compared to the mid-tertile at the medial tibia (MT) (P = 0.041), patella (Pat) (P = 0.019), and average T2 of all knee compartments combined (P = 0.033). Subjects with the lowest 15% PASE scores showed significantly higher T2 progression compared to the mid-level physical activity group at the lateral femur (LF) (P = 0.025), lateral tibia (LT) (P = 0.043), medial femur (MF) (P = 0.044), tibiofemoral compartment (P = 0.017), patellofemoral compartment (P = 0.016), lateral compartments (P = 0.003), and average of all compartments (P = 0.043). CONCLUSION High and very low PASE scores were associated with greater progression of cartilage T2 measurements in asymptomatic, middle-aged individuals, suggesting accelerated cartilage matrix biochemical degeneration over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Lin
- Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - H. Alizai
- Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - G.B. Joseph
- Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - W. Srikhum
- Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - M.C. Nevitt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 5700, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - J.A. Lynch
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 5700, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - C.E. McCulloch
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 5700, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - T.M. Link
- Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA, Address correspondence and reprint requests to: T.M. Link, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF, 400 Parnassus Ave, A-367, Box 0628, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. (T.M. Link)
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Teoh JC, Low JH, Lim YB, Shim VPW, Park J, Park SB, Park SJ, Lee T. Investigation of the biomechanical effect of variable stiffness shoe on external knee adduction moment in various dynamic exercises. J Foot Ankle Res 2013; 6:39. [PMID: 24044429 PMCID: PMC3848782 DOI: 10.1186/1757-1146-6-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The growing ageing population and high prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in athletes across nations have created a strong demand for improved non-invasive therapeutic alternatives for knee OA. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the variable stiffness shoe (VSS), a new non-invasive therapeutic approach, on external knee adduction moment (EKAM) in various dynamic exercises. EKAM is believed to have positive correlation with the progression and development of knee OA. Methods Thirty young participants (16 male and 14 female; age 22.6 ± 1.9 years) from National University of Singapore were enrolled in this study. The tested activities were walking, running, drop-landing, and lateral hopping. All the dynamic exercises were recorded simultaneously by the 8-camera VICON Motion Systems (Oxford Metric, UK) with a sampling rate of 100 Hz. Results The results showed that the EKAM was reduced in all the dynamic exercises with the use of VSS. The VSS produced significant reductions in the peak EKAM during walking (4.97%, p = 0.039), running (11.15%, p = 0.011), drop-landing (11.18%, p = 0.038) and lateral hopping (17.34%, p = 0.023) as compared to the control shoe. Conclusions The reduction of EKAM with the use of VSS in various dynamic exercises demonstrates its potential in delaying the onset and the progression of knee OA in early stage of knee OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Chin Teoh
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E3A #07-15, 7 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117574, Singapore.
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TVEIT MAGNUS, ROSENGREN BJÖRNE, NYQUIST FREDRIK, NILSSON JANÅKE, KARLSSON MAGNUSK. Former Male Elite Athletes Have Lower Incidence of Fragility Fractures Than Expected. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2013; 45:405-10. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e318274fdf3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ageberg E, Engström G, Gerhardsson de Verdier M, Rollof J, Roos EM, Lohmander LS. Effect of leisure time physical activity on severe knee or hip osteoarthritis leading to total joint replacement: a population-based prospective cohort study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2012; 13:73. [PMID: 22595023 PMCID: PMC3462680 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-13-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on leisure time physical activity as risk factor or protective factor for knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA) show divergent results. Longitudinal prospective studies are needed to clarify the association of physical activity with future OA. The aim was to explore in a prospective population-based cohort study the influence of leisure time physical activity on severe knee or hip OA, defined as knee or hip replacement due to OA. METHODS Leisure time physical activity was reported by 28320 participants (mean age 58 years (SD 7.6), 60% women) at baseline. An overall leisure time physical activity score, taking both duration and intensity of physical activities into account, was created. The most commonly reported activities were also used for analysis. The incidence of knee or hip replacement due to OA over 11 years was monitored by linkage with the Swedish hospital discharge register. Cox's proportional hazards model (crude and adjusted for potential confounding factors) was used to assess the incidence of total joint replacement, or osteotomy (knee), in separate analyses of leisure time physical activity. RESULTS There was no significant overall association between leisure time physical activity and risk for knee or hip replacement due to OA over the 11-year observation time. For women only, the adjusted RR (95% CI) for hip replacement was 0.66 (0.48, 0.89) (fourth vs. first quartile), indicating a lower risk of hip replacement in those with the highest compared with the lowest physical activity. The most commonly reported activities were walking, bicycling, using stairs, and gardening. Walking was associated with a lower risk of hip replacement (adjusted RR 0.76 (95% CI 0.61, 0.94), specifically for women (adjusted RR 0.75 (95% CI 0.57, 0.98)). CONCLUSIONS In this population-based study of middle-aged men and women, leisure time physical activity showed no consistent overall relationship with incidence of severe knee or hip OA, defined as joint replacement due to OA, over 11 years. For women, higher leisure time physical activity may have a protective role for the incidence of hip replacement. Walking may have a protective role for hip replacement, specifically for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ageberg
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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McAlindon TE, Driban JB, Lo GH. Osteoarthritis year 2011 in review: clinical. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2012; 20:197-200. [PMID: 22266264 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this narrative year in review of clinical studies was to highlight a few publications related to obesity and weight loss, physical activity, and synovitis as well as disease modifying interventions that were published between September 2010 and September 2011. This year clinical research highlighted the extent to which obesity and osteoarthritis (OA) are impacting quality of life among adults in the United States and that reducing excessive body weight or becoming more physically active may be beneficial. In addition to weight loss and physical activity and synovitis, research over the past year has highlighted the diverse methods being pursued for structural modification interventions. In addition to chondroitin sulfate there were interesting preliminary findings that meniscal implants and joint distractions may modify OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E McAlindon
- Division of Rheumatology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Tveit M, Rosengren BE, Nilsson JÅ, Karlsson MK. Former male elite athletes have a higher prevalence of osteoarthritis and arthroplasty in the hip and knee than expected. Am J Sports Med 2012; 40:527-33. [PMID: 22130474 DOI: 10.1177/0363546511429278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intense exercise has been reported as one risk factor for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate (1) whether this is true for both former impact and nonimpact athletes, (2) if the risk of a hip or knee arthroplasty due to OA is higher than expected, and (3) if joint deterioration is associated with knee injuries. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS The prevalence of OA and arthroplasty in the hip and knee were registered in 709 former male elite athletes with a median age of 70 years (range, 50-93 years), retired from sports for a median 35 years (range, 1-63 years), and compared with 1368 matched controls. Odds ratios (ORs) are presented as means with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS The risk of hip or knee OA was higher in former athletes (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.5-2.3), as was arthroplasty based on OA in either of these joints (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.6-3.1). The risk of hip OA was doubled (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.5-2.8) and hip arthroplasty was 2.5 times higher (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.6-3.7) in former athletes than in controls, predominantly driven by a higher risk in former impact athletes. Also, the risk of knee OA was higher (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-2.1), as was knee arthroplasty (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.9-2.7), driven by a higher risk in both former impact and nonimpact athletes. Knee OA in impact athletes was associated with knee injury. CONCLUSION Hip and knee OA and hip and knee arthroplasty are more commonly found in former male elite athletes than expected. A previous knee injury is associated with knee OA in former impact athletes but not in nonimpact athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Tveit
- Department of Orthopaedics and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
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Jones G, Schultz MG, Dore D. Physical activity and osteoarthritis of the knee: can MRI scans shed more light on this issue? PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2011; 39:55-61. [PMID: 22030941 DOI: 10.3810/psm.2011.09.1921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity has many health benefits; however, there has been concern that exercise may increase the risk of the development or progression of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. There is little doubt that injury increases the risk of OA, but the role of physical activity independent to injury is uncertain. Recently, magnetic resonance imaging has allowed an in-depth assessment of joints and relevant structural changes-this review covers the recent imaging data relevant to this area. In children and young adults, physical activity appears beneficial for knee cartilage, possibly even in structurally abnormal knees. In addition, there is consistent evidence showing aerobic and strengthening exercise improves OA symptoms later in life. However, there is limited evidence associating exercise with structural changes in later life and this lacks consistency, suggesting little or no effect. In the meantime, it appears safe to prescribe exercise in later life without major concern for structural deterioration, although caution is appropriate in those with bone marrow lesions until more information becomes available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Jones
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.
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