1
|
Zhang P, Tao C, Lu Y, Li P, Wang X, Dai Y, Xi Y, Shimura T, Li X, Fang J, Yang L, He D, Guo P. Epigenetic Reprogramming Potentiates ICAM1 Antibody Drug Conjugates in Preclinical Models of Melanoma. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400203. [PMID: 38874532 PMCID: PMC11321650 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic benefits and underlying biomechanism(s) of antibody drug conjugates (ADC) in combination with other targeted therapeutics are largely unknown. Here, the synergy between ADC and epigenetic drug decitabine (DAC), a clinically approved DNA methylation inhibitor, in multiple preclinical models of melanoma specifically investigated. Mechanistically, the underlying biomechanisms of how DAC cooperatively worked with ICAM1 antibody conjugated DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor DXd (I1-DXd) is elucidated. DAC treatment significantly enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of I1-DXd by upregulating antigen expression, enhancing antibody internalization and potentiating tumor sensitivity by epigenetically reprogramming of melanoma. Meanwhile, I1-DXd/DAC combination also exerted regulatory effects on tumor microenvironment (TME) by enhancing tumor infiltration of innate and adaptive immune cells and improving penetration of ADCs with a boosted antitumor immunity. This study provides a rational ADC combination strategy for solid tumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Medical OncologyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalHangzhouZhejiang310022China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalPeople's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiang310014China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang310022China
| | - Changjuan Tao
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of SciencesZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouZhejiang310022China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouZhejiang310022China
| | - Ye Lu
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang310022China
| | - Peijing Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of SciencesZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouZhejiang310022China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouZhejiang310022China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryThe Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of SciencesZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouZhejiang310022China
| | - Yujie Dai
- MabPlex InternationalYantaiShandong264006China
| | - Yun Xi
- Department of PathologyThe Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of SciencesZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouZhejiang310022China
| | - Takaya Shimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and MetabolismNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoya467–8601Japan
| | - Xinfang Li
- MabPlex InternationalYantaiShandong264006China
| | - Jianmin Fang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Medical OncologyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalHangzhouZhejiang310022China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalPeople's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiang310014China
| | - Dawei He
- Department of UrologyChildren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Peng Guo
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang310022China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dysregulated Hemostasis and Immunothrombosis in Cerebral Cavernous Malformations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012575. [PMID: 36293431 PMCID: PMC9604397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a neurovascular disease that affects 0.5% of the general population. For a long time, CCM research focused on genetic mutations, endothelial junctions and proliferation, but recently, transcriptome and proteome studies have revealed that the hemostatic system and neuroinflammation play a crucial role in the development and severity of cavernomas, with some of these publications coming from our group. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the latest molecular insights into the interaction between CCM-deficient endothelial cells with blood components and the neurovascular unit. Specifically, we underscore how endothelial dysfunction can result in dysregulated hemostasis, bleeding, hypoxia and neurological symptoms. We conducted a thorough review of the literature and found a field that is increasingly poised to regard CCM as a hemostatic disease, which may have implications for therapy.
Collapse
|
3
|
Parodi-Rullán RM, Javadov S, Fossati S. Dissecting the Crosstalk between Endothelial Mitochondrial Damage, Vascular Inflammation, and Neurodegeneration in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112903. [PMID: 34831125 PMCID: PMC8616424 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia and is pathologically characterized by the presence of parenchymal senile plaques composed of amyloid β (Aβ) and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The accumulation of Aβ also occurs within the cerebral vasculature in over 80% of AD patients and in non-demented individuals, a condition called cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). The development of CAA is associated with neurovascular dysfunction, blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage, and persistent vascular- and neuro-inflammation, eventually leading to neurodegeneration. Although pathologically AD and CAA are well characterized diseases, the chronology of molecular changes that lead to their development is still unclear. Substantial evidence demonstrates defects in mitochondrial function in various cells of the neurovascular unit as well as in the brain parenchyma during the early stages of AD and CAA. Dysfunctional mitochondria release danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that activate a wide range of inflammatory pathways. In this review, we gather evidence to postulate a crucial role of the mitochondria, specifically of cerebral endothelial cells, as sensors and initiators of Aβ-induced vascular inflammation. The activated vasculature recruits circulating immune cells into the brain parenchyma, leading to the development of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in AD and CAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. Parodi-Rullán
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR 00921, USA;
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-215-707-6046
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ondracek AS, Hofbauer TM, Wurm R, Arfsten H, Seidl V, Früh A, Seidel S, Hubner P, Mangold A, Goliasch G, Heinz G, Lang IM, Sterz F, Adlbrecht C, Distelmaier K. Imbalance between plasma double-stranded DNA and deoxyribonuclease activity predicts mortality after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2020; 151:26-32. [PMID: 32251701 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Despite an increased rate of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients, almost half of patients do not survive up to hospital discharge. Understanding pathophysiological mechanisms of post-cardiac arrest syndrome is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies. During systemic inflammatory responses and concomitant cell death, double-stranded (ds) DNA is released into circulation, exerting pro-inflammatory effects. Deoxyribonuclease (DNase) degrades dsDNA. The role of DNase activity in OHCA survivors and impact on clinical outcome has not been analyzed yet. METHODS In a prospective, single-center study, dsDNA and DNase activity were determined at hospital admission (acute phase) and 24 h (subacute phase) after ROSC. The ratio between dsDNA levels and DNase activity was calculated to determine the extent of dsDNA release in relation to the patients' capacity of degradation. Thirty-day mortality was defined as study end point. RESULTS We enrolled 64 OHCA survivors, of whom 26.6% (n = 17) died within 30 days. A peak of circulating dsDNA was observed at admission which decreased within 24 h. DNase activity did not differ between acute and subacute phase, while dsDNA load per DNase activity significantly decreased. The ratio between dsDNA levels and DNase activity in the subacute phase was the strongest predictor of 30-day mortality with an adjusted HR per 1 SD of 3.59 (95% CI, 1.80-7.18, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Disproportionally increased dsDNA levels uncompensated by DNase activity are a strong predictor of mortality in OHCA survivors. This pilot study points to a potentially protective effect of DNase activity in patients undergoing cardiac arrest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Ondracek
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - T M Hofbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - R Wurm
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - H Arfsten
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - V Seidl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - A Früh
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - S Seidel
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - P Hubner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - A Mangold
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - G Goliasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - G Heinz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - I M Lang
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - F Sterz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - C Adlbrecht
- Department of Cardiology, Vienna North Hospital - Clinic Floridsdorf and the Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardiovascular and Critical Care Research, Vienna, Austria.
| | - K Distelmaier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen F, Kawashima A, Luo Y, Kiriya M, Suzuki K. Innate Immune-Modulatory Activity of Prunella vulgaris in Thyrocytes Functions as a Potential Mechanism for Treating Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:579648. [PMID: 33304319 PMCID: PMC7701117 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.579648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris (PV), a perennial herb, has been used to treat thyroid diseases in China for over 2,000 years. In particular, its therapeutic effect has been described for Hashimoto's thyroiditis, including reducing titers autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin of and T helper 17 (Th17) cells. However, the underlying mechanism for how PV exerts such effects has not been investigated. We examined the effects of PV on innate immune activation, which is thought to be one of the triggers for the development of autoimmune diseases, including Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In cultured thyrocytes, PV reduced mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines that were originally induced as a result of innate immune activation initiated by transfection of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) or dsRNA. PV suppressed activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), and suppressed corresponding promoter activation, which were initially activated by dsDNA or dsRNA. PV also suppressed the mRNA levels of molecules responsible for antigen processing and presentation, and PV protected thyrocytes from apoptosis induced by dsDNA and dsRNA. Additionally, PV suppressed the expression of genes involved in iodide uptake and oxidation. Taken together, these results suggest that PV exerts its protective effect on thyrocytes by suppressing both innate and adaptive immune responses and cell death. PV may also protect cells from iodide-associated oxidative injury. This report is among the first to identify the mechanisms to explain PV's beneficial effects in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Akira Kawashima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuqian Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Mitsuo Kiriya
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Koichi Suzuki,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Duran-Flores D, Heil M. Extracellular self-DNA as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) that triggers self-specific immunity induction in plants. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 72:78-88. [PMID: 29042243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammals sense self or non-self extracellular or extranuclear DNA fragments (hereinafter collectively termed eDNA) as indicators of injury or infection and respond with immunity. We hypothesised that eDNA acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) also in plants and that it contributes to self versus non-self discrimination. Treating plants and suspension-cultured cells of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) with fragmented self eDNA (obtained from other plants of the same species) induced early, immunity-related signalling responses such as H2O2 generation and MAPK activation, decreased the infection by a bacterial pathogen (Pseudomonas syringae) and increased an indirect defence to herbivores (extrafloral nectar secretion). By contrast, non-self DNA (obtained from lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus, and Acacia farnesiana) had significantly lower or no detectable effects. Only fragments below a size of 700 bp were active, and treating the eDNA preparation DNAse abolished its inducing effects, whereas treatment with RNAse or proteinase had no detectable effect. These findings indicate that DNA fragments, rather than small RNAs, single nucleotides or proteins, accounted for the observed effects. We suggest that eDNA functions a DAMP in plants and that plants discriminate self from non-self at a species-specific level. The immune systems of plants and mammals share multiple central elements, but further work will be required to understand the mechanisms and the selective benefits of an immunity response that is triggered by eDNA in a species-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Duran-Flores
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, CINVESTAV-Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Martin Heil
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, CINVESTAV-Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu T, Yu Q, Chen X, Zhou L, Wang Y, Yu C. Exclusive enteral nutrition protects against inflammatory bowel disease by inhibiting NF‑κB activation through regulation of the p38/MSK1 pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1305-1316. [PMID: 29901086 PMCID: PMC6089761 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although enteral nutrition therapy for inflammatory bowel disease has been confirmed to be an effective treatment method, the exact mechanism responsible for the effects of enteral nutrition remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) against colitis, and to elucidate the potential mechanisms by inhibiting p65 activation via regulating the p38/mitogen‑ and stress‑activated protein kinase‑1 (MSK1) pathway. Experiments were performed by establishing dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‑mice colitis and picrylsulfonic acid solution (TNBS)‑induced rat colitis, and the results demonstrated that EEN treatment attenuated body weight loss, colon length shortening and colonic pathological damage caused by colitis. EEN also inhibited inflammatory cells infiltration and decreased myeloperoxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase activities. Furthermore, EEN significantly reduced the production of pro‑inflammatory mediators in serum and the colon. Mechanically, EEN suppressed activation of p65 by inhibiting the p38/MSK1 pathway. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that EEN attenuated DSS‑ and TNBS‑induced colitis by inhibiting p65 activation via regulating the p38/MSK1 pathway, thus suggesting that EEN is effective in the treatment of colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gulou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gulou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Lixing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Chenggong Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gulou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Double-stranded DNA induces a prothrombotic phenotype in the vascular endothelium. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1112. [PMID: 28442771 PMCID: PMC5430798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) constitutes a potent activator of innate immunity, given its ability to bind intracellular pattern recognition receptors during viral infections or sterile tissue damage. While effects of dsDNA in immune cells have been extensively studied, dsDNA signalling and its pathophysiological implications in non-immune cells, such as the vascular endothelium, remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to characterize prothrombotic effects of dsDNA in vascular endothelial cells. Transfection of cultured human endothelial cells with the synthetic dsDNA poly(dA:dT) induced upregulation of the prothrombotic molecules tissue factor and PAI-1, resulting in accelerated blood clotting in vitro, which was partly dependent on RIG-I signalling. Prothrombotic effects were also observed upon transfection of endothelial cells with hepatitis B virus DNA-containing immunoprecipitates as well human genomic DNA. In addition, dsDNA led to surface expression of von Willebrand factor resulting in increased platelet-endothelium-interactions under flow. Eventually, intrascrotal injection of dsDNA resulted in accelerated thrombus formation upon light/dye-induced endothelial injury in mouse cremaster arterioles and venules in vivo. In conclusion, we show that viral or endogenous dsDNA induces a prothrombotic phenotype in the vascular endothelium. These findings represent a novel link between pathogen- and danger-associated patterns within innate immunity and thrombosis.
Collapse
|
9
|
Abbas AM, Sakr HF. Effect of magnesium sulfate and thyroxine on inflammatory markers in a rat model of hypothyroidism. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:426-32. [PMID: 26854732 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a major risk factor for cardiovascular complications. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) has anti-inflammatory actions. Therefore we investigated the effects of levothyroxine and MgSO4 on inflammatory markers as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in hypothyroid rats. Sixty male rats were divided into 6 groups; normal, normal + MgSO4, hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism + levothyroxine, hypothyroidism + MgSO4, and hypothyroidism + levothyroxine + MgSO4. Thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), CRP, interleukin-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 were measured in all rats. Hypothyroidism significantly increased TSH, CRP, interleukin-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 and decreased triiodothronine and thyroxine. Treatment of hypothyroid rats with levothyroxine or MgSO4 significantly decreased CRP, interleukin-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1. Combined therapy of hypothyroid rats with levothyroxine and MgSO4 significantly decreased CRP, interleukin-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 compared with hypothyroid rats either untreated or treated with levothyroxine or MgSO4. This study demonstrates that hypothyroid rats have chronic low grade inflammation, which may account for increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Combined levothyroxine and MgSO4 is better than levothyroxine or MgSO4 alone in alleviating the chronic low grade inflammatory status and therefore reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in hypothyroid animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amr M Abbas
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, PO Box: 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, PO Box: 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hussein F Sakr
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, PO Box: 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, PO Box: 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Duran-Flores D, Heil M. Growth inhibition by self-DNA: a phenomenon and its multiple explanations. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 207:482-5. [PMID: 26153371 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Duran-Flores
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, CINVESTAV-Irapuato, Irapuato, México
| | - Martin Heil
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, CINVESTAV-Irapuato, Irapuato, México
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Veresoglou SD, Aguilar-Trigueros CA, Mansour I, Rillig MC. Self-DNA: a blessing in disguise? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 207:488-490. [PMID: 25892160 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stavros D Veresoglou
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Trigueros
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - India Mansour
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang XJ, Zhang P, Li H. Interferon regulatory factor signalings in cardiometabolic diseases. Hypertension 2015; 66:222-47. [PMID: 26077571 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.04898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Zhang
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital (X.-J.Z., P.Z., H.L.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (X.-J.Z., P.Z., H.L.), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China (X.-J.Z.)
| | - Peng Zhang
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital (X.-J.Z., P.Z., H.L.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (X.-J.Z., P.Z., H.L.), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China (X.-J.Z.)
| | - Hongliang Li
- From the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital (X.-J.Z., P.Z., H.L.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (X.-J.Z., P.Z., H.L.), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China (X.-J.Z.).
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alyamkina EA, Nikolin VP, Popova NA, Minkevich AM, Kozel AV, Dolgova EV, Efremov YR, Bayborodin SI, Andrushkevich OM, Taranov OS, Omigov VV, Rogachev VA, Proskurina AS, Vereschagin EI, Kiseleva EV, Zhukova MV, Ostanin AA, Chernykh ER, Bogachev SS, Shurdov MA. Combination of cyclophosphamide and double-stranded DNA demonstrates synergistic toxicity against established xenografts. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:32. [PMID: 25798073 PMCID: PMC4369063 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular double-stranded DNA participates in various processes in an organism. Here we report the suppressive effects of fragmented human double-stranded DNA along or in combination with cyclophosphamide on solid and ascites grafts of mouse Krebs-2 tumor cells and DNA preparation on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7. METHODS Apoptosis and necrosis were assayed by electrophoretic analysis (DNA nucleosomal fragmentation) and by measurements of LDH levels in ascitic fluid, respectively. DNA internalization into MCF-7 was analyzed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS Direct cytotoxic activity of double-stranded DNA (along or in combination with cyclophosphamide) on a solid transplant was demonstrated. This resulted in delayed solid tumor proliferation and partial tumor lysis due to necrosis of the tumor and adjacent tissues. In the case of ascites form of tumor, extensive apoptosis and secondary necrosis were observed. Similarly, MCF-7 cells showed induction of massive apoptosis (up to 45%) as a result of treatments with double-stranded DNA preparation. CONCLUSIONS Double-stranded DNA (along or in combination with cyclophosphamide) induces massive apoptosis of Krebs-2 ascite cells and MCF-7 cell line (DNA only). In treated mice it reduces the integrity of gut wall cells and contributes to the development of systemic inflammatory reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Alyamkina
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valeriy P Nikolin
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nelly A Popova
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- />Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Alexandra M Minkevich
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Artem V Kozel
- />Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Evgenia V Dolgova
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yaroslav R Efremov
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- />Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Sergey I Bayborodin
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- />Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Oleg M Andrushkevich
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- />Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Oleg S Taranov
- />The State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region 630559 Russia
| | - Vladimir V Omigov
- />The State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region 630559 Russia
| | - Vladimir A Rogachev
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia S Proskurina
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Elena V Kiseleva
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maria V Zhukova
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexandr A Ostanin
- />Institute of Clinical Immunology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630099 Russia
| | - Elena R Chernykh
- />Institute of Clinical Immunology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630099 Russia
| | - Sergey S Bogachev
- />Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentieva ave, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
High-dose IgG therapy mitigates bile duct-targeted inflammation and obstruction in a mouse model of biliary atresia. Pediatr Res 2014; 76:72-80. [PMID: 24727948 PMCID: PMC4062601 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2014.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A proposed etiology of biliary atresia (BA) entails a virus-induced, progressive immune-mediated injury of the biliary system. Intravenous Ig (IVIg) has demonstrated clinical benefit in several inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic effects of high-dose IgG treatment in the rhesus rotavirus (RRV)-induced mouse model of BA. METHODS Newborn mice were infected with RRV, and jaundiced mice were given high-dose IgG or albumin control. Survival, histology, direct bilirubin, liver immune cell subsets, and cytokine production were analyzed. RESULTS There was no difference in overall survival between RRV-infected groups, however high-dose IgG resulted in decreased bilirubin, bile duct inflammation, and increased extrahepatic bile duct patency. High-dose IgG decreased vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, resulting in limited migration of immune cells to portal tracts. High-dose IgG significantly decreased CD4(+) T cell production of interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and CD8(+) T cell production of IFN-γ, as well as increased levels of regulatory T cells. CONCLUSION High-dose IgG therapy in murine BA dramatically decreased Th1 cell-mediated inflammation and biliary obstruction. This study lends support for consideration of IVIg clinical trials in infants with BA, to diminish the progressive intrahepatic bile duct injury.
Collapse
|
15
|
Bilgir F, Bilgir O, Calan M, Calan O, Isikyakar T. Subclinical hypothyroidism: Comparison of adhesion molecule levels before and after levothyroxine therapy. J Int Med Res 2014; 42:806-14. [PMID: 24842531 DOI: 10.1177/0300060514526566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adhesion molecules are involved in inflammation, atherosclerosis and malignancy. This study measured levels of adhesion molecules before and after levothyroxine therapy in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SHO). METHODS Levels of soluble (s) intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, s vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM) VCAM-1 and sE-selectin were analysed in patients diagnosed with SHO, prior to administration of 50 µg/day levothyroxine orally for 3 months. Subsequently, levels of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and sE-selectin were reanalysed then compared with the pretreatment levels. RESULTS In 30 patients with SHO, levels of sICAM-1 were found to be significantly higher than those in healthy controls, (P = 0.001). Post-treatment sICAM-1 levels were significantly lower than pretreatment levels (P = 0.001). No significant differences were found in sVCAM-1 or sE-selectin levels between healthy controls and patients with SHO before treatment, or between patients with SHO pre- and post-treatment. CONCLUSIONS Patients with SHO had significantly higher levels of sICAM-1 compared with controls. Levels became normal after treatment with levothyroxine. These findings emphasize the need for levothyroxine therapy in cases of SHO to normalize sICAM-1 levels. Such treatment helps to prevent the future development of atherosclerosis or cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferda Bilgir
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Celal Bayar University Medical School, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Oktay Bilgir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Bozyaka, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Calan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, DokuzEylul University Medical School, Balçova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Calan
- Department of Biochemistry, Karsiyaka State Hospital, Karsiyaka, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tolgay Isikyakar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Bozyaka, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Medina M, Avila J. Understanding the relationship between GSK-3 and Alzheimer’s disease: a focus on how GSK-3 can modulate synaptic plasticity processes. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 13:495-503. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.13.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
17
|
Heil M, Land WG. Danger signals - damaged-self recognition across the tree of life. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:578. [PMID: 25400647 PMCID: PMC4215617 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Multicellular organisms suffer injury and serve as hosts for microorganisms. Therefore, they require mechanisms to detect injury and to distinguish the self from the non-self and the harmless non-self (microbial mutualists and commensals) from the detrimental non-self (pathogens). Danger signals are "damage-associated molecular patterns" (DAMPs) that are released from the disrupted host tissue or exposed on stressed cells. Seemingly ubiquitous DAMPs are extracellular ATP or extracellular DNA, fragmented cell walls or extracellular matrices, and many other types of delocalized molecules and fragments of macromolecules that are released when pre-existing precursors come into contact with enzymes from which they are separated in the intact cell. Any kind of these DAMPs enable damaged-self recognition, inform the host on tissue disruption, initiate processes aimed at restoring homeostasis, such as sealing the wound, and prepare the adjacent tissues for the perception of invaders. In mammals, antigen-processing and -presenting cells such as dendritic cells mature to immunostimulatory cells after the perception of DAMPs, prime naïve T-cells and elicit a specific adaptive T-/B-cell immune response. We discuss molecules that serve as DAMPs in multiple organisms and their perception by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Ca(2+)-fluxes, membrane depolarization, the liberation of reactive oxygen species and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades are the ubiquitous molecular mechanisms that act downstream of the PRRs in organisms across the tree of life. Damaged-self recognition contains both homologous and analogous elements and is likely to have evolved in all eukaryotic kingdoms, because all organisms found the same solutions for the same problem: damage must be recognized without depending on enemy-derived molecules and responses to the non-self must be directed specifically against detrimental invaders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Heil
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-IrapuatoIrapuato, México
- *Correspondence: Martin Heil, Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-Irapuato, Km 9.6 Libramiento Norte, Carretera Irapuato- León, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico e-mail:
| | - Walter G. Land
- Molecular ImmunoRheumatology, INSERM UMR S1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, Faculty of Medicine, University of StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Unterholzner L. The interferon response to intracellular DNA: why so many receptors? Immunobiology 2013; 218:1312-21. [PMID: 23962476 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The detection of intracellular DNA has emerged to be a key event in the innate immune response to viruses and intracellular bacteria, and during conditions of sterile inflammation and autoimmunity. One of the consequences of the detection of DNA as a 'stranger' and a 'danger' signal is the production of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Much work has been dedicated to the elucidation of the signalling cascades that activate this DNA-induced gene expression programme. However, while many proteins have been proposed to act as sensors for intracellular DNA in recent years, none has been met with universal acceptance, and a theory linking all the recent observations is, as yet, lacking. This review presents the evidence for the various interferon-inducing DNA receptors proposed to date, and examines the hypotheses that might explain why so many different receptors appear to be involved in the innate immune recognition of intracellular DNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Unterholzner
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Steenholdt C, Enevold C, Ainsworth MA, Brynskov J, Thomsen OØ, Bendtzen K. Genetic polymorphisms of tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily 1b and fas ligand are associated with clinical efficacy and/or acute severe infusion reactions to infliximab in Crohn's disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36:650-9. [PMID: 22860894 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) 1A and 1B, and Fas ligand (FASLG) genes, have been associated with responsiveness to infliximab (IFX) in Crohn's disease. AIM To investigate if SNPs in TNFRSF1A and 1B, and FAS (TNFRSF6) and FASLG (TNFSF6), associated with short- or long-term clinical and biological efficacy and with acute severe infusion reactions. METHODS Observational, retrospective and explorative cohort study of IFX-treated Caucasian patients with Crohn's disease classified as primary nonresponders (n = 21), response failures on maintenance therapy (n = 37), maintained remission (n = 47) and occurrence of acute severe infusion reactions (n = 20). RESULTS During IFX maintenance therapy, minor allele carriage of TNFRSF1B, rs976881 is associated with loss of response [OR 3.3 (1.2-9.1), P = 0.014]. Minor allele homozygosity increased the risk substantially (OR estimated 19, P = 0.006), and furthermore associated with a mean CRP increase of 17 mg/L as compared to a mean decrease of 17 mg/L in all others (P = 0.036). In contrast, minor allele carriage of TNFRSF1B, rs1061622 is associated with beneficial response to IFX induction [OR 4.2 (1.2-18.2), P = 0.014], and with persistence of remission during maintenance therapy [OR 5.5 (1.5-25.5), P = 0.007]. Carriage of the minor allele of FASLG, rs76110 increased risk of severe infusion reactions [OR 4.0 (1.1-22.4), P = 0.041]; minor allele carriage of TNFRSF1B, rs652625 decreased the risk (OR estimated 0.2, P = 0.043 ). CONCLUSIONS The TNFRSF1B polymorphisms may contribute to predict efficacy of infliximab. Moreover, FASLG and TNFRSF1B polymorphisms may confer genetic susceptibility to severe infusion reactions. These findings could potentially aid clinical decisions if confirmed in larger studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Steenholdt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|